JP2006519882A - 海洋生産における限界収益ガスの輸送 - Google Patents
海洋生産における限界収益ガスの輸送 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- -1 LPG or NGL Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
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- F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
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- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/01—Purifying the fluid
- F17C2265/015—Purifying the fluid by separating
- F17C2265/017—Purifying the fluid by separating different phases of a same fluid
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- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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Abstract
Description
海洋の井戸では、一般的に広い範囲の組成物の炭化水素が生成される。少なくとも5個から7個の炭素原子を有するこれらの分子は、周囲温度において液体のままであり、タンカーによって荷降ろし施設に輸送される。4個以下の炭素原子を有するこれらの分子は、一般的に周囲温度でガスを形成する。
本発明の一実施例に従うと、海洋の貯蔵部における限界収益ガスの処理のためのシステムおよび方法が提供され、これによって最小限の危険および最小限の費用でのガスの貯蔵および輸送が可能になる。生成された炭化水素は、原油とガスとに分離される。ガスは、さらに、LPG(液体石油ガス)またはNGL(LPGを含む液体天然ガス)を構成するための、主にプロパンおよびブタンを含む「重質の」ガスの構成要素と、主にメタンおよびエタンを含む軽質ガスとに分離される。この分離は、タンクの大部分が満たされるまで長期(通常数週間)にわたって連続的に行なわれる。
い温度で輸送される。低い温度は、熱い冷却ガスが、海で得られる冷たい水によって冷却される冷却システムによって達成される。
図2は、海洋の炭化水素生成システム10を示しており、これは、タレット14および係船索16を通して海底20に固定された生成槽12の形態をした浮体を含む。他の種類の好適な浮体は、テンションレグのプラットフォームおよび円材を含む。導管22は、海底炭化水素貯蔵部24からタレット14を通して生成槽12の残りの部分に延在する。貯蔵部から生成された炭化水素は、一般的に、液体炭化水素(原油)および気体の炭化水素を含む。液体炭化水素は、気体の炭化水素から容易に分離され、液体炭化水素は、後でおそらく毎月タンカーへ荷降ろしするために、石油貯蔵タンク30に貯蔵される。主な問題は、気体の炭化水素をどのように扱うかということである。
らそれを取除くことができる。
Claims (10)
- 海底の貯蔵部からの炭化水素を処理するための方法であって、生成された炭化水素は、貯蔵部に取り残されたガスを構成するさまざまな種類のガスを含み、
ガスを、主にプロパン、ブタン、ペンタンおよびヘキサンからなるグループにおけるガスからなるNGL(液体天然ガス)と、主にメタンおよびエタンからなる軽質ガスとに分離するステップと、
NGLを、第1の温度および圧力の条件下で浮体に位置する第1のタンクに貯蔵および輸送し、かつ軽質ガスを、第2の温度および圧力の条件下で浮体に位置する分離した第2のタンクに貯蔵および輸送するステップとを含む、方法。 - 前記NGLを貯蔵するステップは、前記NGLを、それを液体に保つために十分に低い温度で前記第1のタンクにおいて維持するステップを含み、
前記軽質ガスを貯蔵するステップは、前記軽質ガスを、気体の状態でおよび数バールの圧力下で、前記第2のタンクにおいて維持するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記NGLを貯蔵するステップは、それを液体に保つのに十分に低い温度で維持するステップを含み、
前記軽質ガスを貯蔵するステップは、前記軽質ガスを水和物に変換し、かつ前記水和物を、実質的に気体ではない状態で前記第2のタンクにおいて維持するステップとを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記NGLを貯蔵するステップは、それを液体の状態に維持するステップを含み、
前記軽質ガスを貯蔵するステップは、それを20バールを超えない圧力でおよび約0℃を超えない温度で、水和物として氷の結晶において貯蔵するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 海底の貯蔵部からの炭化水素を生成するための方法であって、生成された炭化水素は、室温で気体の状態を保つ炭化水素を含み、ガスは貯蔵部で限界収益ガスを構成し、
ガスを、主に各々の分子が3個から6個の炭素原子を有する炭化水素ガスからなる第1のグループと、主に各々の分子が1個から2個の炭素原子を有する炭化水素ガスからなる第2のグループとに分離するステップと、
第1のグループを、浮体に位置する第1のタンクに貯蔵および輸送し、かつ第2のグループを、浮体に位置する第2のタンクに貯蔵および輸送するステップとを含み、
前記第2のグループを貯蔵および輸送するステップは、第2のグループを水和物として氷の結晶において貯蔵するステップを含む、方法。 - 前記第2のグループを貯蔵および輸送するステップは、水和物を、およそ水の氷点の温度に維持するステップを含む、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のグループおよび前記第2のグループの前記水和物の各々は、20バールを超えない圧力でおよび−40℃よりも低くない温度で貯蔵される、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のグループを保持する前記タンクおよび前記第2のグループの水和物を保持する前記タンクは、同じ浮体に位置し、双方は同じ冷却システムによって冷却される、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 海底の貯蔵部からの炭化水素を生成する海洋生成設備における限界収益ガスを利用するためのシステムであって、炭化水素は、少なくともプロパンを含む重質ガスと、プロパンよりも軽く、かつ少なくともメタンを含む軽質ガスとを含み、
前記重質ガスを前記軽質ガスから分離する分離機(40)と、
前記軽質ガスおよび水のみを水和物に結合する水和物形成装置(50)と、
前記重質ガスを貯蔵する第1のタンク(44)と、
前記水和物を貯蔵する第2のタンク(52)とを含む、システム。 - 輸送船(12)を含み、前記第1のおよび第2のタンクの双方は前記船に装着され、前記重質ガスは液体であり、前記水和物は、固体の氷の結晶のスラリーと、前記タンクの双方を冷却する、前記船上の冷却システム(60)とを含む、請求項9に記載のシステム。
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US10/349,375 US7017506B2 (en) | 2003-01-22 | 2003-01-22 | Marginal gas transport in offshore production |
PCT/IB2003/005559 WO2004065748A2 (en) | 2003-01-22 | 2003-11-28 | Marginal gas transport in offshore production |
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JP2006519882A true JP2006519882A (ja) | 2006-08-31 |
JP4275075B2 JP4275075B2 (ja) | 2009-06-10 |
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AU (1) | AU2003286290A1 (ja) |
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CN112709552B (zh) * | 2020-10-19 | 2022-03-08 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | 基于水合物法开发海洋天然气水合物系统的装置及方法 |
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GB1548096A (en) * | 1976-05-07 | 1979-07-04 | Mobil Oil Corp | Method and apparatus for processing a petroleum production stream |
JPS5599325A (en) * | 1979-01-24 | 1980-07-29 | Toshiba Corp | Gas separator |
GB2229519A (en) | 1989-03-15 | 1990-09-26 | Foster Wheeler Energy Ltd | Treatment process for gas stream |
GB9103622D0 (en) * | 1991-02-21 | 1991-04-10 | Ugland Eng | Unprocessed petroleum gas transport |
GB9306157D0 (en) * | 1993-03-25 | 1993-05-19 | Barnard Alexander C | Floating methanol production complex |
US5477924A (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1995-12-26 | Imodco, Inc. | Offshore well gas disposal |
NO953797L (no) * | 1995-09-25 | 1997-03-26 | Norske Stats Oljeselskap | Fremgangsmåte og anlegg for behandling av en brönnström som produseres fra et oljefelt til havs |
NO301792B1 (no) * | 1996-07-01 | 1997-12-08 | Norske Stats Oljeselskap | Fremgangsmåte og anlegg for flytendegjöring/kondisjonering av en komprimert gass/hydrokarbonström utvunnet fra en petroleumforekomst |
US6012530A (en) * | 1997-01-16 | 2000-01-11 | Korsgaard; Jens | Method and apparatus for producing and shipping hydrocarbons offshore |
US6019174A (en) * | 1997-01-16 | 2000-02-01 | Korsgaard; Jens | Method and apparatus for producing and shipping hydrocarbons offshore |
US6082118A (en) * | 1998-07-07 | 2000-07-04 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Storage and transport of gas hydrates as a slurry suspenion under metastable conditions |
EP1004746A1 (en) * | 1998-11-27 | 2000-05-31 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons |
US6116050A (en) * | 1998-12-04 | 2000-09-12 | Ipsi Llc | Propane recovery methods |
JP2001279279A (ja) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-10 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | ガスハイドレート製造装置及び多段ガスハイドレート製造装置 |
-
2003
- 2003-01-22 US US10/349,375 patent/US7017506B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-11-28 JP JP2004567049A patent/JP4275075B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-11-28 AU AU2003286290A patent/AU2003286290A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-11-28 EP EP03777033A patent/EP1585799B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-11-28 WO PCT/IB2003/005559 patent/WO2004065748A2/en active IP Right Grant
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2005
- 2005-08-19 NO NO20053883A patent/NO20053883L/no unknown
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WO2004065748A3 (en) | 2004-10-07 |
US7017506B2 (en) | 2006-03-28 |
AU2003286290A8 (en) | 2004-08-13 |
EP1585799A2 (en) | 2005-10-19 |
NO20053883D0 (no) | 2005-08-19 |
JP4275075B2 (ja) | 2009-06-10 |
EP1585799B1 (en) | 2006-10-25 |
NO20053883L (no) | 2005-10-13 |
US20040140100A1 (en) | 2004-07-22 |
AU2003286290A1 (en) | 2004-08-13 |
WO2004065748A2 (en) | 2004-08-05 |
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