JP2006348613A - Plate-like material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plate-like material capable of solving problems occurring in the case a woody material such as a plaster board, a calcium silicate plate and plywood or the like is used for a wall material and having the excellence in strength and non-combustibility, etc. <P>SOLUTION: In the plate-like material 10 used for the wall material of a house or the like, the calcium silicate plates 2 and 2 mixed with vermiculite are respectively stuck on both sides of a woody plate 1, and the whole both sides are coated with the calcium silicate plates 2 and 2. As the woody plate 1, it is preferable to use the plywood, a strand board and a unified plate-like body of an MDF and the strand board. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a plate-like material used for a wall material such as a house.

In the past, plywood and plaster were often used as plate-like materials such as interior wall materials in buildings such as houses, but in recent years, plaster boards that can be mass-produced industrially are often used. Plasterboard is inexpensive, non-flammable, and has good surface smoothness, making it convenient as a base material for walls.
There is also a calcium silicate board as an incombustible building material. This is superior to the plaster board in terms of strength, and has a feature that does not require a managed disposal site at the time of disposal.
On the other hand, it is common to use a structural plywood as an exterior wall base. The structural plywood has excellent holding power for nails and wood screws, and has excellent strength. Especially in Japanese houses where earthquakes and storms and floods occur frequently, the strength of the walls can be improved relatively easily. In addition, since depletion of wood resources for plywood is a problem, woody materials such as OSB, which is a kind of strand board, and some ceramic-based building materials may be used.

Among calcium silicate plates, those mixed with vermiculite are particularly excellent in terms of humidity adjustment, deodorizing effect, formaldehyde absorption, and the like (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
Moreover, the invention about the roof base material which combined the plywood and the calcium-silicate board as building materials other than a wall material is disclosed (for example, refer patent document 2).
JP 2003-146718 A JP 2000-34809 A

  However, wood materials such as plasterboard, calcium silicate board, and plywood, which are widely used as conventional wall materials, have the following drawbacks.

(1) Plaster board and calcium silicate board <Strength>
Plaster, which is the main component of plasterboard, is basically brittle and easily breaks. Careful handling is required for transportation and construction, since it may be violently handled during transportation or broken even if the corners touch lightly.
Although the calcium silicate board is considerably improved in this respect, it is still inferior to the plywood and needs to be handled with care.
<Holding power of wood screws and nails>
Wood screws, nails, etc. can be driven into the plaster board even if they can be easily removed, and the installation of furniture fixtures and handrails as an earthquake countermeasure is limited to places where there are pillars on the back of the wall material. Fixing relatively lightweight accessories such as foreheads and watches also requires special board nails.
Although the calcium silicate plate is considerably improved in this respect, it is still inferior to the plywood and practically requires a thickness of about 12 mm or more.
<Decoration>
Paper is used for the front and back of the plaster board, but it has poor makeup, and finishing materials such as vinyl cloth are essential in the living room. However, vinyl cloth has a low durability and is a plastic material mainly composed of vinyl chloride, which may generate toxic gas in the event of a fire. In addition, in the case of contamination or damage, partial repair is difficult and often has to be replaced.
The calcium silicate plate can be used as it is, and some contamination and damage can be removed by grinding with sandpaper.
<Disposal>
Plasterboards are integrated with paper and difficult to separate, and when rainwater hits them, harmful gases are generated and wastewater is contaminated, so a managed disposal site where these are handled is necessary. Therefore, reuse as a resource is extremely difficult.
<Formaldehyde emission>
There is no emission of formaldehyde from the plaster board itself, but there is a risk of emission of formaldehyde from the adhesive used in the construction of the vinyl cloth adhered thereon. Also, plasterboard does not have formaldehyde absorption capacity.
<Nonflammable>
Plasterboard uses paper on the front and back for manufacturing, so it burns here, but the main body is nonflammable. Therefore, it is classified as a non-combustible material. However, since the strength is low, there is a risk of damage if an external force is applied during a fire.

(2) Woody materials such as plywood <Decoration>
For woody materials such as plywood, the decorativeness will be good if a veneer veneer is attached. However, repair is difficult. When vinyl cloth is pasted, it is low in durability and is a plastic material mainly composed of vinyl chloride, which may generate toxic gas in the event of a fire. Also, in the case of contamination or damage, partial repair is difficult and often has to be replaced.
<Formaldehyde emission>
Woody materials such as plywood may generate formaldehyde depending on the type of adhesive. In some cases, formaldehyde is generated from the wood itself depending on the wood species used as a veneer. Although it is common to use an adhesive with a small amount of formaldehyde, there is a problem that it is expensive and has a slightly poor adhesive strength.
<Nonflammable>
Woody materials such as plywood are flammable because they use wood as a raw material. In an actual fire, it has been demonstrated that a carbonized layer is formed as the combustion progresses, and this becomes a heat insulating layer and the combustion speed decreases. However, a thin plywood of about 6 to 9 mm is useful as a heat insulating layer. There is a high probability that it will burn and collapse before the layer is formed.

  Therefore, the present invention is for solving the above-mentioned conventional problems, and solves the problems that occur when wood materials such as plasterboard, calcium silicate board, and plywood are used for the wall material, in terms of strength and incombustibility. The present invention provides a plate-like material excellent in the above.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the plate-like material of the invention according to claim 1 is a plate-like material (10) used for a wall material of a house or the like, and is provided on each of the front and back surfaces of the wooden board (1). A calcium silicate plate (2, 2) mixed with vermiculite is adhered, and the entire front and back surfaces are covered with the calcium silicate plate (2, 2).

  The plate-like material of the invention according to claim 2 is a plate-like material (20) used for a wall material of a house or the like, and a wood board (2) on each of the front and back surfaces of the calcium silicate plate (2) mixed with vermiculite. 1, 1) is pasted, and the entire front and back surfaces are covered with the wood board (1, 1).

  The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wood board (1) is a plywood (3).

The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wood board (1) is a strand board (4).
The strand board is a plate material formed by laminating and bonding rectangular thin pieces (strands). In particular, it is preferable to use OSB (Oriented Strand Board) in which the fiber direction of the cut pieces (strands) is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the front and back layers of the plate material and the center layer.

  The invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wooden board (1) is an integrated plate-like body (5) of MDF (medium density fiber board) and strand board. It is characterized by being.

  Symbols in parentheses indicate the best mode for carrying out the invention and corresponding elements or matters described in the drawings.

According to invention of Claim 1 or Claim 2, since a calcium silicate board is stuck on each front and back of a wooden board, or a wooden board is stuck on each front and back of a calcium silicate board, strength is inferior. A plate-like material having sufficient strength as a wall material can be obtained by bonding a calcium silicate plate and a wood plate having excellent strength.
In addition, since the wooden board is lighter than the calcium silicate board, the weight can be reduced by bonding the wooden board to the calcium silicate board having the same thickness.
Moreover, although the holding force of a wood screw and a nail is weak only with a calcium silicate board, the holding force of a wood screw or a nail can be ensured by sticking a wood board.
In addition, the management-type disposal site is not particularly necessary for disposal of calcium silicate boards and wood boards, and they can be decomposed and returned to the soil over a long period of time.
Moreover, since a calcium silicate plate mixed with vermiculite is used, formaldehyde can be absorbed and decomposed.

  Moreover, according to invention of Claim 1, since the whole front and back of a wooden board is covered with the calcium silicate board, it is excellent in nonflammability. If used in a place where decoration is required, the calcium silicate plate becomes the outer surface, and some contamination and damage can be removed by grinding with sandpaper.

  Further, according to the invention described in claim 2, since the entire front and back surfaces of the calcium silicate plate are covered with the wooden board, it is gentle to the sense of sight and touch. Moreover, the both sides of the front and back are wood boards, and it is excellent in terms of strength.

  According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effects of the invention described in claim 1 or claim 2, since a plywood is used as the wood board, a plate-like material particularly excellent in terms of strength is obtained. be able to.

  Further, according to the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the effects of the invention described in claim 1 or 2, since the strand board is used as the wooden board, sufficient strength as the wall material is secured. It is possible to effectively use wood resources.

  Further, according to the invention described in claim 5, in addition to the function and effect of the invention described in claim 1 or 2, since the integrated plate-like body of MDF and strand board is used as the wooden board, the wall material As a result, it is possible to effectively use wood resources while ensuring sufficient strength.

Next, with reference to FIG. 1, the plate-shaped material which concerns on embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a plate-like material 10 according to this embodiment.
The plate-like material 10 is composed of a wooden board 1 disposed in the center layer, and calcium silicate boards 2 and 2 that are adhered to the front and back surfaces of the wooden board 1 with an adhesive. The entire front and back surfaces of the wooden board 1 are covered with calcium silicate boards 2 and 2. Further, vermiculite is mixed in the calcium silicate plate 2.
If the thickness of the wooden board 1 and the thickness of the calcium silicate board 2 are both 3 to 6 mm and the total thickness of the plate-like material 10 is 9 to 15 mm, the handling is easy and the strength as a wall material is increased. Can be used without any problem.

Next, a plate material according to another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a plate-like material 20 according to another embodiment.
The plate-like material 20 is composed of a calcium silicate plate 2 disposed in the center layer, and wooden boards 1 and 1 adhered to the front and back surfaces of the calcium silicate plate 2 with an adhesive. The entire front and back surfaces of the calcium silicate plate 2 are covered with the wooden boards 1 and 1. Further, vermiculite is mixed in the calcium silicate plate 2.
If the thickness of the calcium silicate board 2 and the thickness of the wood board 1 are both 3 to 6 mm and the total thickness of the plate-like material 20 is 9 to 15 mm, the handling is easy and the strength as a wall material is increased. Can be used without any problem.

Next, with reference to FIG. 3 thru | or FIG. 5, the wood material which can be used as the wood board 1 in the said embodiment is demonstrated. As sectional views of the wood board 1, FIG. 3 shows a plywood 3, FIG. 4 shows a strand board 4, and FIG. 5 shows an integrated plate-like body 5 of MDF (medium density fiber board) and strand board.
In addition, as the wood board 1, LVL, particle board, MDF, etc. can be used.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the plywood 3 is formed as a single plate by stacking the single plates 31, 32, and 33 so that their fiber directions (grain directions) intersect, and applying and bonding an adhesive. Yes. Since the fiber directions are crossed, it is an excellent woody material that has high strength and little stretch.

  The strand board 4 is a wood material formed by laminating and bonding rectangular thin pieces (strands). Here, among the strand boards, as shown in FIG. 4, OSB (Oriented Strand Board) in which the fiber directions of the chips are arranged so that the strand layers 41 and 43 on the front and back surfaces are orthogonal to the central strand layer 42. However, it exhibits the same effect as plywood and is excellent in strength.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the MDF (medium density fiberboard) and strand board integrated plate-like body 5 has fiber layers (fiber layers) 51 and 53 arranged on the front and back surfaces and a strand layer 52 arranged in the center. ing. Accordingly, the front and back surfaces are smooth and hard like MDF, and the central portion is excellent in nail holding power and strength like the strand board. In addition, the fiber layers 51 and 53 and the strand layer 52 are manufactured by laminating them in a separated state and integrating them by heat and pressure, instead of sticking them after separately manufacturing them in a plate shape.

  Table 1 thru | or Table 3 is a plaster board, a wooden board, a silicic acid about the performance about the plate-shaped material 10 which stuck the calcium-silicate board 2 to the front and back of the wooden board 1 as shown in FIG. 1 among the said embodiment. This is a comparison with the case where each calcium plate is used alone. Of these, Table 1 shows a case where a plywood 3 is used as the wood board 1, Table 2 shows a strand board 4, and Table 3 shows a case where an integrated plate-like body 5 of MDF and strand board is used.

  As shown in Tables 1 to 3, the plate-like material 10 can exhibit excellent performance by compensating for the defects of the wooden board 1 and the calcium silicate board 2.

  According to the plate-like material 10 or the plate-like material 20, the calcium silicate plate 2 is attached to each of the front and back surfaces of the wood plate 1, or the wood plate 1 is attached to each of the front and back surfaces of the calcium silicate plate 2. By bonding together the inferior calcium silicate plate 2 and the wood plate 1 having excellent strength, the plate-like materials 10 and 20 having sufficient strength as wall materials can be obtained. In normal handling, it is possible to handle almost the same as plywood.

Moreover, since the wooden board 1 is lighter than the calcium silicate board 2, compared with the calcium silicate board 2 of the same thickness, the direction bonded together with the wooden board 1 can reduce a weight.
The plywood (specific gravity 0.5-0.7) is lighter than the same thickness vermiculite-mixed calcium silicate plate (specific gravity 0.9-1.0). For example, the vermiculite-mixed calcium silicate plate 3 mm with specific gravity 1.0 When two sheets of 3 mm plywood with a specific gravity of 0.55 are laminated on both sides, the weight is reduced by 30%.

  Further, the holding power of wood screws and nails is weak with only the calcium silicate plate 2, but the holding power of wood screws and nails can be secured by sticking the wood board 1. In actual use, it can be handled almost the same as plywood. In addition, due to the tenacity of the wooden board 1, even if there is some breakage or loosening of the screw, rapid breakage is unlikely to occur.

  Further, when the calcium silicate board 2 and the wood board 1 are disposed of, a management-type disposal site is not particularly required, and can be decomposed and returned to the soil over a long period of time.

Further, since the calcium silicate plate 2 mixed with vermiculite is used, formaldehyde can be absorbed and decomposed.
Here, the wood board 1 has a slight risk of formaldehyde generation from the adhesive used, but the calcium silicate board 2 mixed with vermiculite does not emit formaldehyde but actively absorbs and decomposes. There is also an effect.
Therefore, when bonded to the wooden board 1, not only does it hardly occur as a whole, but also has an action of absorbing and decomposing surrounding formaldehyde. Even if the adhesive for producing the wood board 1 does not bother to use a low-formaldehyde adhesive which is expensive and inferior in adhesive performance, it is possible to obtain sufficient performance even with an adhesive which generates some formaldehyde. In addition, formaldehyde generated from other furniture can be actively absorbed and decomposed.

  Moreover, according to the plate-shaped material 10, since the whole front and back surface of the wooden board 1 is covered with the calcium silicate board 2, it is excellent in nonflammability. When used in a place where decoration is required, the calcium silicate plate 2 becomes the outer surface, and some contamination and damage can be removed by grinding with sandpaper.

  Moreover, according to the plate-shaped material 20, since the whole front and back surface of the calcium silicate board 2 is covered with the wooden board 1, it is gentle to visual sense and touch. Moreover, the both sides of the front and back are the wooden boards 1, and are excellent in an intensity | strength surface.

Further, by using the plywood 3 as the wood board 1, it is possible to obtain plate-like materials 10 and 20 that are particularly excellent in strength.
Further, by using the strand board 4 as the wood board 1, it is possible to effectively use wood resources while ensuring sufficient strength as a wall material.
Moreover, by using the integrated plate-like body 5 of MDF and strand board as the wood board 1, it is possible to effectively utilize wood resources while ensuring sufficient strength as a wall material.

It is sectional drawing which shows the plate-shaped material which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the plate-shaped material which concerns on another embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows a plywood. It is sectional drawing which shows a strand board. It is sectional drawing which shows the integrated plate-shaped body of MDF and a strand board.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wood board 2 Calcium silicate board 3 Plywood 4 Strand board 5 MDF and strand board integrated board 31 Single board 32 Single board 33 Single board 41 Strand layer 42 Strand layer 43 Strand layer 51 Fiber layer 52 Strand layer 53 Fiber layer

Claims (5)

It is a plate-like material used for wall materials such as houses,
A plate-like material, characterized in that a calcium silicate plate mixed with vermiculite is attached to each of the front and back surfaces of a wooden board, and the entire front and back surfaces are covered with the calcium silicate plate. It is a plate-like material used for wall materials such as houses,
A plate-like material, wherein a wooden board is attached to each of the front and back surfaces of a calcium silicate plate mixed with vermiculite, and the entire front and back surfaces are covered with the wooden board.   The plate material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wooden board is a plywood.   The plate-like material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wooden board is a strand board. The plate-like material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wood board is an integrated plate-like body of MDF and strand board.

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