JP2006346735A - Method for designing continuous casting mold - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for designing a continuous casting mold, by which method, the uniformity of the thickness of a solidified shell can be assured, and the minimum thickness of the shell can be made thicker than the thickness of the shell at the breakout limit. <P>SOLUTION: In the method for designing the continuous casting mold for a molten metal, the inclination or the curvature of the casting mold in the direction of casting is set such that the following conditions are satisfied: (B/A≥X) and (B≥Y), where A is the maximum thickness of the shell and B is the minimum thickness of the shell in an arbitrary mold surface at the lower end of the casting mold, X and Y are specified values respectively. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a continuous casting mold design method that achieves uniform solidification of a slab as much as possible and secures a breakout limit shell thickness or more at the lower end of the mold.

In general, the shape in the casting direction (taper (inclination) shape) of the casting mold for continuous casting is set to a curved surface gradient or a multistage gradient shape so as to match the solidification shrinkage shape of the slab. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a mold in which a short side mold surface is formed in a curved surface gradient or a multistage gradient substantially along a solidification shrinkage amount profile of a short side corner portion of a slab.
Further, in Patent Document 2, the cross-sectional shape of the mold is a quadrangle in which four straight sides are connected by four quarter arcs, and the inner peripheral length is large on the upper end side and smaller on the lower end side. A mold is disclosed in which the inner circumferential length reduction rate decreases from the upper end toward the lower end. In addition, by displacing the molten steel surface up and down, always use a mold part with an inner circumference that is approximately equal to the contraction profile of the initial solidification, so that the contact state between the mold and the solidified shell is kept optimal, As a physical quantity indicating the contact state between the mold copper plate and the solidified shell, one or a combination of two or more of a resistance value in the mold, a copper plate temperature, and a temperature difference between the mold cooling water supply side and the drain side is used. Changing the surface up and down is disclosed.
JP-A-57-79047 JP-A-6-297101

However, since the solidification shrinkage profile near the corner in the mold in continuous casting largely depends on the shape of the mold, it is difficult to design the mold shape from the solidification profile as shown in Patent Document 1. In addition, since it is difficult to quantify the amount of solidification delay caused by the gap between the slab and the mold that occurs in the vicinity of the corner, it is difficult to determine the critical casting speed at which breakout occurs.
Moreover, in patent document 2, as a physical quantity indicating the contact state between the mold copper plate and the solidified shell, one or a combination of one or more of a resistance value in the mold, a copper plate temperature, and a temperature difference between the water supply side and the water discharge side of the mold cooling water is used. However, since the thickness of the solidified shell is not a direct indicator, it is difficult to design a mold shape while avoiding troubles such as cracking of the slab and breakout due to uneven shell thickness.
Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a method for designing a continuous casting mold so that the uniformity of the solidified shell thickness can be ensured and the minimum shell thickness can be made equal to or greater than the shell thickness at the breakout limit. It is.

The gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) When designing a continuous casting mold of molten metal, a value obtained by dividing the minimum shell thickness (B) at an arbitrary mold surface at the lower end of the mold by the maximum shell thickness (A) is a predetermined value (X) or more (B / A Continuous casting characterized by setting the inclination or curvature of the casting direction of the mold such that ≧ X) and the value of the minimum shell thickness (B) satisfies a predetermined value (Y) or more (B ≧ Y) Mold design method.
(2) When designing a continuous casting mold of molten metal, a value obtained by dividing the minimum shell thickness (B) at an arbitrary mold surface at the lower end of the mold by the maximum shell thickness (A) is a predetermined value (X) or more (B / A ≧ X), and the shape of the casting direction of the mold is a combination of straight lines having different inclinations and different curvatures so that the minimum shell thickness (B) satisfies a predetermined value (Y) or more (B ≧ Y). A method for designing a continuous casting mold, characterized in that it is set as a combination of curves, a combination of straight lines and curves, or a combination of straight lines with different slopes and curves with different curvatures.
(3) When designing a molten metal continuous casting mold, the setting value of the inclination or curvature of the casting direction of the mold is larger than the setting value set by the method described in (1) or (2). A method of designing a continuous casting mold, characterized in that
(4) Any one or both of the inclination and the curvature of the casting direction of the casting mold are set so that the restraining force between the casting mold and the shell is not more than a predetermined value (Z). 3) The continuous casting mold design method according to any one of the above.
(5) One or both of the inclination and the curvature of the casting direction of the mold are set so that the maximum value of the gap amount between the mold and the shell is equal to or less than a predetermined value (G) (1 )-(4) The continuous casting mold design method in any one of.
(6) The minimum shell thickness (B), the maximum shell thickness (A), and the space between the mold and the shell at any mold surface at the lower end of the mold with respect to the value of one or both of the inclination and curvature of the casting direction of the mold The continuous casting mold according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the binding force and the gap amount between the mold and the shell are calculated by the following procedures (a) to (d): Design method.
(A) Depending on the steel type to be cast, the heat removal amount (q) in the casting direction is calculated by [Equation 1] using the superheat (ΔT) and the casting speed (Vc) of the molten steel as input conditions, and the heat removal amount in the circumferential direction. The shell thickness (t) is calculated using [Equation 2].
q = α × (z / Vc) ^−β [Formula 1]
t = γ × ∫ (q−δ × ΔT) dt [Formula 2]
z: distance from meniscus,
α, β, γ, δ: constants,
However, q in [Expression 2] uses q ′ in the repeated calculation.
(B) The deformation amount (u) of the shell is calculated by [Equation 3], and the gap amount (gap) between the mold and the shell in the value of one or both of the inclination in the casting direction and the curvature of the mold is [ Calculated according to Equation 4].
[K] {u} = {L _t } + {L _T } + {L _m } + {L _vp } [Equation 3]
gap = u (displacement amount in a method perpendicular to the mold surface) [Formula 4]
u: Displacement (deformation amount)
L _t : External force L _T : Load due to temperature change L _m : Load due to phase transformation L _vp : Viscoplastic load K: Total composite matrix for calculation by FEM ({} column vector)
The restraint force between the mold and the shell is the part where the gap amount (gap) is 0 (no gap between the mold and the shell), and the area of the part is multiplied by the molten steel static pressure acting on the part, and the whole mold Find by integrating with.
(C) The amount of heat removal (q ′) at the site where a gap is generated between the mold and the shell is calculated by [Equation 5].
q ′ = f (gap) × q [Formula 5]
gap: Gap amount f: Arbitrary function inversely proportional to the gap amount (d) The above [Formula 2] to [Formula 5] are repeatedly calculated until the shell deformation amount (u) converges.
(7) The continuous shell according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the minimum shell thickness (B) and the maximum shell thickness (A) at the lower end of the mold are obtained by observing a cast cross-section solidified structure of a slab. Casting mold design method.

  By the method for designing a casting mold for continuous casting of the present invention, it is possible to design the inclination or shape of the casting direction of the casting mold so as to eliminate the solidification unevenness of the slab and further secure the shell thickness to the breakout limit thickness or more. By using a continuous casting mold designed by this method, it is possible to stably cast a high quality slab free from surface cracks and internal cracks of the slab.

The inventor pays attention to the fact that it is important to use the solidified shell thickness as a direct index in order to design a mold capable of stably casting a high quality slab. It came. This will be described in detail below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an index representing the solidification uniformity of the slab at the lower end of the mold. In the vicinity of the corner portion of the mold, voids are easily generated between the mold and the slab due to the solidification shrinkage of the slab mold surface and the inclination and curvature of the mold, and the solidification of the slab is delayed.
Due to such a delay in solidification of the slab near the corner of the mold, there is a concern that a slab having a non-uniform shell thickness may be cast or a breakout may occur during casting at a portion where the shell thickness is thin. The Therefore, it is extremely important to design a continuous casting mold that can cast a slab having a uniform solidified shell thickness as much as possible and can cast a portion having a thin shell thickness with a thickness that does not cause breakout.

Therefore, using the solidified shell thickness as a direct indicator, the values of both the uniformity of the solidified shell thickness (minimum shell thickness (B) at the lower end of the mold) / (maximum shell thickness (A)) and minimum shell thickness (B) are A new mold design method has been found that sets the inclination (in the case of a straight line) and the curvature (in the case of a curve) of the casting direction of the mold appropriately, using each of which satisfies a predetermined value or more as an index.
Here, the minimum shell thickness of the solidification delay portion on an arbitrary surface of the lower end of the mold is B (usually the shell thickness in the range of about 50 mm near the corner portion), and the maximum shell thickness on the same surface of the lower end of the mold is A (normally) Is defined as the solidification uniformity. When B / A = 1, solidification is uniform in the circumferential direction at the lower end of the mold.
In addition, since the mold has four surfaces, four B / A are defined for each surface, but it is the most strict to use the minimum value among the four B / As for the index of the present invention. It is preferable in terms of evaluation. Further, similarly, four B are defined for each surface, but it is preferable to use the minimum value of the shell thickness B in terms of expressing the breakout limit.

  As described above, B / A satisfies a predetermined value (X) or more set in consideration of required solidification uniformity of a slab, and at the same time, B considers the shell thickness at the breakout limit. By setting so as to satisfy the predetermined value (Y) or more set in this way, it is possible to eliminate the uneven solidification of the slab and ensure the shell thickness to be equal to or greater than the breakout limit thickness. ) And the predetermined value (Y) are not particularly stipulated, and are set as appropriate by prior examination or the like according to the required quality of the slab and the steel type.

Here, the values of B / A and B can be obtained in advance by experiment, and can also be obtained by repeated calculation.
The experimental method is to add a special element such as S during casting and measure the thickness of the solidified shell from the degree of segregation during the solidification process. A method of estimating the shell thickness from the generation (usually near the lower end of the mold) due to the change in the solidified structure is common.
Further, as a method of obtaining by calculation, a method of analyzing by combining solidification calculation and deformation analysis of the slab, which is a method capable of calculating the solidification delay of the corner portion, is effective.

Therefore, as a factor affecting B / A and B, the effect on B / A and B when the inclination of the template was changed was confirmed by actual measurement and calculation. Specifically, using a continuous casting mold for slab having a width of 2000 mm and a thickness of 250 mm, the relationship between the inclination of the short side of the mold (the mold on the side constituting the thickness) and B / A and B was determined. .
In addition, as an example of the calculation method, B and A were obtained by using a method of solving solidification and slab deformation by coupling them as described later. (Here, α, β, γ, and δ in [Expression 1] and [Expression 2] were fitted to match the actual measurement. Specifically, α = 7.0 × 10 ⁵ (W / m ² ), β = 0.5, δ = 5000 W / m ² K, and γ were fitted so as to match the measured shell thickness (in [Formula 1], the unit of (z / Vc) is minutes.)
As a result, B and A had almost no difference between actual measurement and calculation, and only the calculation result is shown in FIG. The short side inclination (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a taper) of the horizontal axis in FIG. 2 is an index of how much the long side width is reduced in the casting direction 1 m, and the unit is% / m. .

Thus, it can be seen that increasing the short side inclination of the mold increases B / A and increases the uniformity of the solidified shell. Further, with regard to the minimum shell thickness (B), it can be seen that the minimum shell thickness (B) can be increased by increasing the inclination of the short side of the mold.
For example, in FIG. 2, a predetermined value (Y) set in consideration of the shell thickness at the breakout limit for B (□ in the figure) is set to 10 mm, and further, B / A (◇ in the figure) is required. When the predetermined value (X) set in consideration of the solidification uniformity of the slab is set to 0.5, the mold short side inclination satisfying these simultaneously is set to an arbitrary value of 1.0% / m or more. Set and design the mold.
Here, since the test was carried out by changing only the taper under constant operating conditions (casting speed 2.0 m / min, same steel type (low carbon steel), molten steel superheated at 30 ° C.), the shell at the lower end of the mold The maximum thickness value A was constant in each test. Therefore, the tendency with respect to the taper of B / A and B was the same. The value of X is more preferably set as appropriate depending on the steel type and the type of defect (internal crack, surface crack, etc.).
As described above, the case where the mold short side is a straight line has been described. Similarly, in the case of a curve, B / A and B can be increased as the curvature is increased. Therefore, if the mold is designed by setting an appropriate curvature. good.

Since the effectiveness of the calculation is shown here, all subsequent test results show only the calculated value. At that time, the coefficients α, β, γ, and δ in [Expression 1] and [Expression 2] were used in all cases with the above-described fitted values.
Further, as another form of the factors affecting B / A and B, the shape of the casting direction of the mold may be a combination of straight lines having different inclinations, a combination of curves having different curvatures, a combination of straight lines and curves, or a different inclination. It may be set as a combination of curves having different curvatures from the straight line.
As an example, when a casting test is performed using a mold short side (two-stage taper mold) in which the upper inclination is larger than the half height position in the casting direction of the mold and the lower inclination is reduced, and the casting of the mold A case where a casting test is performed using a mold short side (one-step taper mold) having the same direction inclination will be described. Here, when the inclination of the first taper is C (% / m) and the length of the mold is L, C × L = D × L / 2 + E × L / 2 (inclination over the entire length of the mold) The upper slope D and the lower slope E of the two-step taper were set. However, the inclination was adjusted so that D>C> E.

As shown in FIG. 3, the relationship between B / A and one-step taper and two-step taper is shown. When a two-step taper mold short side is used, the solidification shrinkage at the initial stage of solidification is a portion that is large in the casting direction of the mold. By constructing the upper part with a large inclination from the height position, the gap between the solidified shell and the mold that occurs in the vicinity of the corner is reduced, the solidification delay at the corner can be reduced, and the half height position in the casting direction of the mold Since the lower inclination is set smaller, the restriction between the slab and the mold can be relaxed, so that the B / A can be made higher compared to the case where the short side of the one-step taper mold is used. preferable.
Further, since the calculation was performed under the condition of a constant casting speed of 2.0 m / min (the same steel type (low carbon steel), superheat 30 ° C.), A was almost the same value. Accordingly, the minimum shell thickness B is increased corresponding to the increase in B / A.

In this way, by appropriately setting the shape of the casting direction of the mold that can increase B / A and B, solidification uniformity can be increased, cracking due to solidification delay can be prevented, and breakage can be prevented. Out can also be prevented.
The shape in the casting direction of the mold is set not only as a combination of straight lines with different inclinations as described above, but also as a combination of curves with different curvatures, a combination of straight lines and curves, or a combination of straight lines with different inclinations and curves with different curvatures. In addition, each may have a plurality of stages.

Next, when casting is performed for a long time, the shape of the mold is usually reduced due to wear or corrosion, the inclination becomes small, a gap is easily formed between the mold and the shell, and a solidification delay occurs. / A and B become smaller with time.
Therefore, a 200 mm × 200 mm billet mold was used for a long-time casting test. As a mold shape, a mold having a large inclination in the casting direction (1.5% / m) and a mold having a small inclination in the casting direction (1. For 0% / m), it was investigated how B / A and B change. Here,% / m, which is the unit of inclination, is a set value of what percentage of the mold width (200 mm in this case) shrinks while proceeding 1 m in the casting direction.

Here, since the test was carried out at a casting speed constant of 1.5 m / min, the heat removal amount in the mold was almost the same, and the maximum shell thickness (A) was substantially constant. Therefore, since the behavior of the change of B / A and the change of B are the same, only the relationship between the usage time and the time series change of B is shown in FIG. FIG. 4 shows that B decreases with the lapse of the mold use time, but it can be seen that B can be increased even at the end of the mold life when the initial inclination is set larger.
Therefore, when B / A satisfies a predetermined value (X) or more, and at the same time, B is designed to satisfy a predetermined value (Y) or more, the mold is thinned when casting is performed for a long time. In consideration of the B / A and B decrease width due to the above, by setting the inclination and curvature of the casting direction of the mold to be initially set to a large value in advance with respect to these setting values obtained by calculation or experiment Even at the end of the mold life, uniform slab solidification can be reliably realized, and the breakout limit value or more can be ensured more reliably.
Here, it is not particularly specified how much the inclination and curvature in the casting direction of the mold should be set with respect to these set values obtained by calculation or experiment, and it is assumed that the operating conditions are assumed. In consideration of the above, etc., the frictional restraining force between the slab and the mold may be appropriately set within a range in which it does not become extremely large.

On the other hand, B / A and B can be increased by designing the casting direction tilt and curvature larger, but if the tilt and curvature are too large, the friction between the slab and the mold at the lower end of the mold. Since the restraining force increases and a phenomenon (bleed) in which the solidified shell is broken and the molten steel is produced is likely to occur, it is preferable to set a limit value for the mold inclination and shape.
Therefore, it is preferable to set the inclination and curvature of the casting direction of the mold so that the restraining force between the mold and the solidified shell is not more than a predetermined value (Z). Here, the predetermined value (Z) of the restraining force is not particularly defined, and may be set as appropriate depending on the steel type, casting conditions, and the like.
The binding force between the mold and the solidified shell can be solved by installing a load cell in the mold and measuring the pulling force generated in the mold, etc. It can also be calculated by a method.

Another factor in designing the casting direction inclination and curvature of the mold is the amount of gap between the mold and the solidified shell. In particular, as the gap amount generated in the corner portion increases, surface cracking due to insufficient heat removal tends to occur. Therefore, the gap amount of the corner portion, which is the maximum gap amount in a normal mold, is set to a predetermined value (G ) The following is preferable.
Here, the predetermined value (G) of the gap amount is not particularly specified, and may be set as appropriate depending on the steel type, casting conditions, and the like.
The gap amount between the mold and the solidified shell can be obtained by estimating a temperature measurement element such as a thermocouple on the mold copper plate and estimating the measured temperature data. It can also be calculated by a method of coupling and solving.

Here, in the billet mold of 200 mm × 200 mm, the maximum value of the gap amount between the mold and the solidified shell and the restraining force (constant casting speed 1.5 m / min constant) were performed using the short side of the one-step taper mold. FIG. 5 shows a study of the influence of the mold taper shape on the calculated estimated values. The vertical axis in FIG. 5 is normalized by the maximum value of the binding force and the gap amount when the taper is relatively weak (1% / m).
In this way, increasing the taper of the mold increases the binding force and decreases the maximum gap amount (using an analysis method that combines solidification and slab deformation described later) Indicated.
Therefore, the larger the taper of the mold, the smaller the gap amount. This is preferable, but at the same time, the binding force also increases. Therefore, it is important to design the mold taper to satisfy each predetermined value. I understand.

As described above, the factors (B / A, B, binding force, gap amount) for designing the inclination or curvature of the casting direction of the mold have been described. The present inventors calculated these factors by calculation. Estimated. That is, the present inventors have found a method for accurately estimating B / A, B, binding force, and gap amount by calculation when an inclination or curvature in the casting direction of a mold is set to an arbitrary value.
Preferred procedures (a) to (d) for estimating these factors by calculation are shown below.

(A) Depending on the steel type to be cast, the heat removal amount (q) in the casting direction is calculated by [Equation 1] using the superheat (ΔT) and the casting speed (Vc) of the molten steel as input conditions, and the heat removal amount in the circumferential direction. The shell thickness (t) is calculated using [Equation 2].
q = α × (z / Vc) ^−β [Formula 1]
t = γ × ∫ (q−δ × ΔT) dt [Formula 2]
z: distance from meniscus,
α, β, γ, δ: constants,
However, q in [Expression 2] uses q ′ in the repeated calculation.
For constants α, β, γ, and δ in [Formula 1] and [Formula 2], a thermocouple is installed in the mold and a temperature measurement is performed along with a shell thickness measurement by a casting test according to the type of steel to be cast. It is preferable to determine by changing various operating conditions such as steel type and casting speed.
However, the above [Equation 1] is generally estimated from the fact that the shell thickness of solidification is proportional to the square root ((z / Vc) ^0.5 ) of the solidification time (z / Vc) (steel manual, etc.) β = 0.5 can be used.
Furthermore, since [Equation 2] is (heat removal amount from mold q) − (heat input amount from molten steel δ × ΔT) = latent solidification heat × (shell thickness increment), shell thickness (t) is q−δ Since xΔT can be obtained by integration over time, it can be obtained.
However, t can be calculated by the simple method of [Formula 2], or by the enthalpy method, the equivalent specific heat method, or the like.

(B) The deformation amount (u) of the shell is calculated by [Equation 3], and the gap amount (gap) between the mold and the shell in the value of one or both of the inclination in the casting direction and the curvature of the mold is [ Calculated according to Equation 4].
[K] {u} = {L _t } + {L _T } + {L _m } + {L _vp } [Equation 3]
gap = u (displacement amount in a method perpendicular to the mold surface) [Formula 4]
u: Displacement (deformation amount)
L _t : external force L _vp : viscoplastic load L _T : load due to temperature change L _m : load due to phase transformation K: total composite matrix for calculation by FEM ({} column vector)
Here, the external force (L _t ) can be obtained from a molten steel static pressure, a reaction force due to contact with the mold, or the like. The viscoplastic load (L _vp ) can be obtained by determining the stress-strain relationship from a material creep test or the like. The load due to temperature change (L _T ) can be calculated by the linear expansion coefficient of the material × temperature difference (temperature decrease amount). The load (L _m ) due to phase transformation is the load when transforming between phases with different linear expansion coefficients in the solidification process according to the carbon content of steel, and from the iron-carbon binary phase diagram from the temperature and carbon content. Can be determined.
Here, [Equation 3] can be obtained by, for example, referring to a document (Wang et al., Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, A, Vol. 53, No. 492) or creating a program or using a general-purpose finite element method structural analysis software. It can be calculated by the method of taking in a subroutine. When general-purpose finite element method structural analysis software is used, it is preferable that the software can be handled in consideration of the material nonlinearity of each term of [Equation 3].
Furthermore, since the deformation amount of the shell is obtained by [Equation 3], the gap amount between the mold and the shell is obtained by [Equation 4].
In addition, regarding the binding force between the mold and the shell, the gap amount (gap) is zero (no gap between the mold and the shell), and the area of the part is multiplied by the molten steel static pressure acting on the part. It can be obtained by integrating the entire mold.

(C) Calculate the amount of heat removal (q ′) at the site where a gap is formed between the mold and the shell, using [Equation 5].
q ′ = f (gap) × q [Formula 5]
gap: Amount of gap f: Arbitrary function inversely proportional to the amount of gap As for [Equation 5], it is generally assumed that when a gap occurs between the mold and the shell, the heat conduction becomes worse as the distance increases (the heat flux is Therefore, f can be obtained as a function inversely proportional to gap. The inversely proportional coefficient is preferably obtained by fitting as appropriate from actual measurements of the shell thickness.

(D) The above [Expression 2] to [Expression 5] are repeatedly calculated until the shell deformation (u) converges.
Here, the convergence condition of the deformation amount (u) of the shell is not particularly defined, and may be set as appropriate in consideration of the accuracy of the calculation result and the calculation time.
The minimum shell thickness (B) and the maximum shell thickness (A) at an arbitrary mold surface portion at the lower end of the mold are obtained by the shell thickness (t) obtained by [Expression 2] when the deformation amount (u) of the shell converges.
Similarly, when the deformation amount (u) of the shell converges, the gap amount (gap) between the mold and the shell is obtained by [Equation 3], and the gap amount (gap) is 0 (between the mold and the shell). By multiplying the area of the part by the molten steel static pressure acting on the part and integrating the whole mold, the binding force between the mold and the shell can be obtained.

Each factor (B / A, B, restraint force, gap amount) when setting to the value of the casting direction inclination or curvature of the casting mold used as the premise of the calculation by the above procedures (a) to (d). ) Is obtained (B is the minimum value at the lower end of the mold of T, A is the maximum value at the lower end of the mold of t), and it is confirmed whether or not the values of these factors are the desired values. If not, the casting direction inclination or curvature value is newly set, and the values of each factor (B / A, B, binding force, gap amount) are obtained again by the steps (a) to (d). .
Thus, while performing trial and error, the study for setting the inclination or curvature of the casting direction of the mold can be performed by calculation, and an appropriate mold can be designed.

The solidified shell thickness can be measured not by calculation but also by observing the cross section of the cast slab after casting.
Therefore, for example, samples of slabs obtained by casting using various molds are prototyped, and cross-sectional observation of those samples is performed, so that the minimum shell thickness (B) and the maximum shell thickness (A) are data. By creating a base, it is possible to design a mold according to the purpose.
Here, as a method of measuring from the cross-sectional observation of the solidified shell thickness, a special element (for example, S) can be added during casting, and the shell thickness can be determined from the segregation amount. It can also be estimated from the position of a solidified tissue change (white band) caused by the flow or the like (usually near the lower end of the mold).

It is a schematic diagram which shows the definition of the minimum shell thickness B and the maximum shell thickness A of the solidification delay part produced in the corner vicinity. It is a figure which shows a mold short side inclination, and the relationship between B / A and B. It is a figure which shows the relationship between a casting_mold | template short side 2 step | paragraph taper and a 1 step | paragraph taper limit, and B / A. It is a figure which shows the usage time of a casting_mold | template, and the relationship of B. FIG. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the maximum value of the gap amount between a casting_mold | template and a solidification shell, restraint force, and a casting_mold | template short side taper.

Claims (7)

When designing a continuous casting mold of molten metal, a value obtained by dividing the minimum shell thickness (B) at an arbitrary mold surface at the lower end of the mold by the maximum shell thickness (A) is a predetermined value (X) or more (B / A ≧ X) In addition, the design of the continuous casting mold is characterized in that the inclination or curvature of the casting direction of the mold is set so that the value of the minimum shell thickness (B) satisfies a predetermined value (Y) or more (B ≧ Y). Method. When designing a continuous casting mold of molten metal, a value obtained by dividing the minimum shell thickness (B) at an arbitrary mold surface at the lower end of the mold by the maximum shell thickness (A) is a predetermined value (X) or more (B / A ≧ X) And the shape of the casting direction of the mold is a combination of straight lines with different inclinations and a combination of curves with different curvatures so that the value of the minimum shell thickness (B) satisfies a predetermined value (Y) or more (B ≧ Y). A method for designing a continuous casting mold, characterized by being set as a combination of a straight line and a curve, or a combination of a straight line having a different slope and a curved line having a different curvature. When designing a continuous casting mold of molten metal, the setting value of the inclination or curvature of the casting direction of the mold is set to a larger value than the setting value set by the method according to claim 1 or 2. A method for designing a continuous casting mold. Either or both of the inclination and the curvature of the casting direction of the casting mold are set so that the restraining force between the casting mold and the shell is a predetermined value (Z) or less. The continuous casting mold design method described. The tilt or curvature of the casting direction of the mold or the curvature is set so that the maximum value of the gap amount between the mold and the shell is not more than a predetermined value (G). The design method of the continuous casting mold in any one. The minimum shell thickness (B), the maximum shell thickness (A), and the binding force between the mold and the shell at any mold surface at the lower end of the mold with respect to the value of either or both of the casting direction inclination and curvature The method for designing a continuous casting mold according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a gap amount between the mold and the shell is calculated by the following procedures (a) to (d).
(A) Depending on the steel type to be cast, the heat removal amount (q) in the casting direction is calculated by [Equation 1] using the superheat (ΔT) and the casting speed (Vc) of the molten steel as input conditions, and the heat removal amount in the circumferential direction. The shell thickness (t) is calculated using [Equation 2].
q = α × (z / Vc) ^−β [Formula 1]
t = γ × ∫ (q−δ × ΔT) dt [Formula 2]
z: distance from meniscus,
α, β, γ, δ: constants,
However, q in [Expression 2] uses q ′ in the repeated calculation.
(B) The deformation amount (u) of the shell is calculated by [Equation 3], and the gap amount (gap) between the mold and the shell in the value of one or both of the inclination in the casting direction and the curvature of the mold is [ Calculated according to Equation 4].
[K] {u} = {L _t } + {L _T } + {L _m } + {L _vp } [Equation 3]
gap = u (displacement amount in a method perpendicular to the mold surface) [Formula 4]
u: Displacement (deformation amount)
L _t : External force L _T : Load due to temperature change L _m : Load due to phase transformation L _vp : Viscoplastic load K: Total composite matrix for calculation by FEM ({} column vector)
The restraint force between the mold and the shell is the part where the gap amount (gap) is 0 (no gap between the mold and the shell), and the area of the part is multiplied by the molten steel static pressure acting on the part, and the whole mold Find by integrating with.
(C) The amount of heat removal (q ′) at the site where a gap is generated between the mold and the shell is calculated by [Equation 5].
q ′ = f (gap) × q [Formula 5]
gap: Gap amount f: Arbitrary function inversely proportional to the gap amount (d) The above [Formula 2] to [Formula 5] are repeatedly calculated until the shell deformation amount (u) converges. The method for designing a continuous casting mold according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the minimum shell thickness (B) and the maximum shell thickness (A) at the lower end of the mold are obtained by observing a cast cross-section solidified structure of the slab. .

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