JP2006341180A - Cyclone separator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cyclone separator capable of reducing the length of a vessel mainbody, surely separating a material to be separated, and dealing with horizontal installation, besides vertical installation. <P>SOLUTION: This cyclone separator is provided with: the cylindrical vessel main body 1; a flow-in pipe 2 provided axially at one end side 1A in the tangential direction in relation to the circumferential wall of the vessel main body 1 and introducing fluid containing the material to be separated; a discharge pipe 5 provided axially at the other end side 1B in the tangential direction in relation to the circumferential wall of the vessel body 1 and discharging the separating object; a tapered pipe 7 disposed near the flow-in pipe 2 coaxially with the vessel body 1, drifting flow-in fluid to the discharge pipe 5 side, and formed to be reduced in diameter toward the discharge pipe 5; an opening part provided on the discharge pipe 5 side of the tapered pipe 7; and a flow-out pipe 8 inserted along a central axis of the vessel body 1 from the other end side 1B of the vessel body 1 and allowing the fluid separated from the material to flow out. The flow-out port of the flow-out pipe 8 is provided in an inserted state into the tapered pipe 7 from the opening part of the tapered pipe 7. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a cyclone separator for removing a separation target from a fluid containing the separation target flowing in from an inflow pipe and flowing out.

  Such cyclone separators are used in various industrial fields. For example, it is necessary when separating solids and liquids in the post-process of reaction products, unreacted substances, and crystallization in chemical plants and food plants. In addition, it is necessary to separate and remove foreign substances from water in the fields of thermal power, hydropower, nuclear power generation, steelmaking, chemicals, papermaking and other industries, water and sewage treatment, waste recycling, and agriculture.

  In addition, the removal of dust in the air is required in terms of the quality of products manufactured in the factory and in terms of maintaining a good working environment, and separation of gas (air) and solid or liquid is necessary in the manufacturing process. It becomes. Furthermore, separation of solids and liquids in air or gas is necessary in combustion, chemical reaction, grinding, and transportation processes.

  As described above, a cyclone separator is known as an apparatus intended to separate an object to be separated from a gas or a liquid (which corresponds to a fluid). This apparatus is configured to generate a swirling flow and to separate a separation object by centrifugal force.

  As an example of such a cyclone separator, there is a cyclone separator shown in Patent Document 1 below. This device separates fine powder suspended in a gas stream, a cylindrical chamber with a vertical axis, an outlet for precipitated material having a downward taper at the bottom of the chamber, and a top of the chamber. It is provided with a central outlet for the gas provided, a tangentially arranged inlet duct for introducing the gas flow into the upper part of the side wall of the chamber, and means for imparting a deflection force to change the gas flow downwards.

  Also. The cyclone type oil separation device disclosed in the following Patent Document 2 aims to separate and remove oil contained in a gas flow, and has a cylindrical main body container and a taper disposed on the upper part of the cylindrical main body container. A pipe, an inflow pipe disposed near the taper pipe for inflowing gas from the tangential direction of the main body container, a downwardly tapered portion provided in the lower part of the main body container, and a lowermost part of the main body container A collecting hopper to be disposed and a gas outlet pipe provided at an upper portion of the main body container are provided.

Japanese Patent No. 2690319 JP-T-2002-540338

  The problems in the above prior art will be described. In these Patent Documents 1 and 2, a tapered container part (inverted conical part) having a downward taper is provided at the lower part of the main body container, and the separated object to be centrifuged is lowered from the lowermost point. Although draining, such a configuration has the problem that the tapered container portion must be lengthened. The fluid flowing in from the inflow pipe descends while swirling, and the separation object descends while being separated by centrifugal force. However, if the inverse conical taper angle is large, the separated separation object that swirls its container wall surface position. This is because a force acts to lift (back flow) the object along the taper. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the taper angle of the tapered container portion, and as a result, there arises a problem that the length of the tapered container portion becomes long. Therefore, when installing a cyclone separator that requires a large capacity, if there is a restriction on the height of the indoor ceiling or if indoor installation is difficult, it is necessary to install a long pipe, a large capacity pump, or a blower. As a result, power loss is significant.

  Further, the cyclone separators shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a configuration in which the tapered container portion is arranged at the lower part of the main body container, and the separation object is separated not only by the action of centrifugal force but also by the action of gravity. Therefore, the axis of the main body container must be arranged vertically. That is, the main body container needs to be installed vertically, and cannot be installed and operated horizontally. That is, if it is installed horizontally, separation by gravity becomes difficult. Therefore, when there is no room in the space in the height direction of the installation location, there is a problem that the configurations of Patent Documents 1 and 2 cannot cope with it.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the problem is that the length of the main body container can be suppressed, and the separation object can be reliably separated, not only vertically placed but also horizontally placed. It is to provide a cyclone separator that can cope with the above.

In order to solve the above problems, a cyclone separator according to the present invention is:
A cylindrical body container;
An inflow pipe that is provided tangentially to the circumferential wall surface of the main body container on one end side in the axial direction of the main body container, and introduces a fluid containing a separation object;
A discharge pipe that is provided tangentially to the circumferential wall surface of the main body container on the other axial end of the main body container, and discharges the separation target;
A tapered portion that is arranged in the vicinity of the main body container in the vicinity of the inflow pipe, deflects the fluid that has flowed in toward the discharge pipe, and has a smaller diameter toward the discharge pipe;
An opening provided on the discharge pipe side of the tapered portion;
An outflow pipe that is inserted along the central axis of the main body container from the other axial end side of the main body container and outflows the fluid from which the separation target is separated, and the outlet of the outflow pipe is the opening of the tapered portion It is provided in the state inserted in the inside of the taper part.

  The operation and effect of the cyclone separator having such a configuration will be described. A cylindrical main body container is provided, and an inflow pipe provided tangentially to the circumferential wall surface of the main body container is provided on one axial end side. Since the fluid flows in from the tangential direction, the fluid forms a swirl flow inside the main body container. Further, a tapered portion is provided in the vicinity of the inflow pipe coaxially with the main body container, and the fluid flowing in from the outflow pipe is deflected to the discharge pipe side on the other axial end side of the main body container. That is, since the surface of the taper portion has a tapered surface having a smaller diameter toward the discharge pipe side, the fluid turns toward the discharge pipe while turning by the action of the taper surface. Moreover, the separation target contained in the fluid moves in the direction of the discharge pipe in a state of being aggregated on the inner wall surface of the main body container by the action of the centrifugal force during the turning. Such an action does not depend on gravity, and is performed regardless of the posture of the main body container.

  In addition, by providing a tapered portion, the fluid flowing in from the inflow pipe can also be directed toward the inner wall surface of the main body container. When viewed from the ratio of the inner diameter of the main body container and the diameter of the inflow pipe, the inner diameter of the main body container It is also possible to make the direction smaller. If the linear velocity of the swirl flow is the same, when the inner diameter of the main body container is reduced, the centrifugal force is inversely proportional to the radius, so that there is an advantage that the separation performance is improved.

  On the other end side in the axial direction of the main body container, a discharge pipe is provided in the tangential direction in the same manner as the inflow pipe. Therefore, the separation object moved in the direction of the discharge pipe along the inner wall surface of the main body container can be smoothly discharged from the discharge pipe. A discharge pipe is provided in the tangential direction, and can be discharged by a turning force instead of the action of gravity, and can be discharged regardless of the posture of the main body container.

  On the other hand, the fluid from which the separation object is separated flows out from the outflow pipe, and the outflow pipe is inserted from the other end side in the axial direction of the main body container. It is also inserted inside.

  Next, the nature of the swirling flow will be described. Immediately after flowing in from the inflow pipe, the position close to the inner wall surface of the main body container is the forced vortex that swirls at the highest speed, but the swirling flow moves in the direction of the discharge pipe. The closer you are to the natural vortex. A natural vortex is a vortex in which the vortex center turns at the highest speed. Therefore, although it is a forced vortex in the vicinity of the inflow pipe, it gradually becomes a Rankine vortex composed of a natural vortex and a forced vortex, and approaches the natural vortex state.

  At the end on the other end side in the axial direction of the main body container, the fluid from which the separation object is separated is reversed at the end, moves in a tornado shape along the axis of the main body container, and is set inside the tapered portion. Will be discharged from the outlet. In this case, since it approaches the natural vortex as it goes to the other end side in the axial direction, the separation objects that could not be separated both move along the axis of the main body container described above and are discharged from the outlet. Inconvenience occurs.

  However, in the case of the present invention, since the outflow pipe is arranged at the axial center of the main body container, the outflow pipe exists at the center of the vortex, and the adverse effects due to the natural vortex can be alleviated. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the problem that the separation objects that have not been completely separated are discharged from the outlet.

  Furthermore, since the outflow pipe is inserted to the inside of the taper portion, it is difficult for the separation object that could not be separated to move toward the outflow port. The separation object that cannot be separated and is reversed at the end face on the other end side in the axial direction can be directed again toward the discharge pipe by the action of the centrifugal force due to the swirling flow. As a result, the length of the main body container can be suppressed, the separation object can be reliably separated, and a cyclone separator that can be used not only vertically but also horizontally can be provided.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that a regulating member for regulating the swirling of the fluid is provided in the tapered portion.

  The outlet of the outflow pipe is inserted inside the tapered portion, and it is necessary to flow out the fluid from which the separation object is separated from the outlet. Since the inside of the taper portion is also formed on the taper surface, when a swirl flow is formed inside the taper portion, the separation object that has entered the inside of the taper portion and cannot be separated is the action of the taper portion. It tries to go to the direction of the outlet. Therefore, by providing a regulating member that regulates the swirling of the fluid, it is possible to suppress the generation of the swirling flow and to prevent the separation target from being discharged from the outlet.

  The regulating member according to the present invention is preferably a regulating blade arranged so as to straddle between the inner surface of the tapered portion and the outer surface of the outflow pipe.

  By providing such a regulation blade, it is possible to reliably block the movement of the swirling flow and more reliably prevent the separation target from flowing out.

  The regulating member according to the present invention is preferably arranged on the other end side in the axial direction from the position of the outlet.

  By arrange | positioning in this position, generation | occurrence | production of the swirl | vortex flow in the vicinity of an outflow port can be suppressed, and it can prevent reliably that a separation target object is discharged | emitted from an outflow port.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that the position of the outflow port is set at substantially the same position as the inflow pipe or in the direction of one end side in the axial direction from the position of the inflow pipe.

  By setting the position of the outlet to such a position, it is possible to prevent the separation object that has not been completely separated from being discharged from the outlet.

  In the present invention, the second discharge pipe provided in the tangential direction with respect to the circumferential wall surface of the main body container on the one end side in the axial direction of the main body container and discharging the separation object that has entered the inside of the tapered portion is provided. Is preferred.

  By disposing the second discharge pipe provided in the tangential direction with respect to the circumferential wall surface of the main body container inside the tapered portion, even if a separation object that could not be completely separated enters the inside of the tapered portion, 2 Can be discharged from the discharge pipe. Thereby, a separation target object can be separated reliably. In the case of this configuration, it is preferable to generate a swirling flow inside the tapered portion, and therefore, no regulating member is disposed inside the tapered portion.

  The inner surface of the tapered portion according to the present invention is preferably formed so as to have a larger diameter toward the discharge pipe side.

  If the inner surface of the tapered portion is made larger in diameter toward the discharge pipe, the separation object that has entered the inside of the tapered portion can be directed toward the discharge pipe by the action of the inner tapered surface. Thereby, the separation object can be reliably discharged from the discharge pipe.

  A preferred embodiment of a cyclone separator according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

<First Embodiment>
<Configuration>
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a cyclone separator according to a second embodiment. FIG. 1A is a front view (including a cross-sectional view in a direction perpendicular to the axis), and (b) is a side view (including a cross-sectional view along the axial direction).

  The main body container 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and is installed in a state where its axis is vertical (vertically placed). An inflow pipe 2 is provided tangential to the circumferential wall surface of the main body container 1 on the upper end side 1 </ b> A (corresponding to one axial end side) of the main body container 1. From the outflow pipe 2, air (corresponding to a fluid) containing foreign matter (separation target) flows. A flange 1 a is formed on the upper end side 1 </ b> A of the main body container 1, and a container lid 3 is coupled to the flange 1 a by bolts and nuts 4. By removing the container lid 3, it is possible to perform attachment of internal members, internal cleaning, and other maintenance. The container lid 3 is formed in a disk shape. The inflow pipe 2 is located immediately below (in the vicinity of) the container lid 3.

  On the lower end side 1B (corresponding to the other end side in the axial direction) of the main body container 1, a discharge pipe 5 is provided in a tangential direction with respect to the circumferential wall surface of the main body container 1. The foreign matter separated from the air is discharged from the discharge pipe 5. A container lid 6 is coupled to the main body container 1 by welding on the lower end side 1B of the main body container 1.

  A tapered tube 7 (corresponding to a tapered portion) is attached to the upper end side 1 </ b> A of the main body container 1 coaxially with the main body container 1. The tapered tube 7 has a large-diameter upper end side 7a and a small-diameter lower end side 7b, and includes a tapered surface 7c whose diameter decreases toward the lower side. The tapered surface 7c is attached at a position just opposite to the inlet of the inflow pipe 2. A flange member 7d formed in a donut shape is integrally connected to the upper end side 7a of the tapered tube 7c by welding. The flange member 7 d is fixed by being sandwiched between the flange 1 a of the main body container 1 and the container lid 3.

  The lower end side 7b of the taper tube 7 is located further below the lower end portion of the outer diameter of the inlet of the inflow tube 2. An opening is formed on the lower end side 7 b of the taper tube 7. The taper tube 7 is manufactured by cutting an iron plate into a fan shape, rounding it by roll processing, and welding the end faces together. The dimension of the upper end side 7 a of the tapered tube 7 is set to be substantially the same as the inner diameter of the inner wall surface of the main body container 1.

  An outflow pipe 8 for outflowing air from which foreign matter has been separated is provided so as to be inserted from the lower end side 1B of the main body container 1, and the outflow pipe 8 is disposed at the position of the central axis of the main body container 1. The The outlet 8 a of the outflow pipe 8 is located at the upper end portion of the outflow pipe 8, and the outflow pipe 8 a is installed in a state of being inserted into the tapered pipe 7. The height of the outflow port 8a is set to be substantially the same as the position of the upper end portion of the outer diameter of the inflow pipe 2. Further, the height of the outlet 8 a corresponds to a position that is about ½ of the total height of the tapered tube 7.

  A regulation blade 9 is provided inside the taper tube 7 in order to regulate the movement of air due to the swirling flow. As shown in FIG. 1A, six restricting blades 9 are attached at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. The regulating blade 9 has a plate shape, and is attached to the tapered tube 7 by welding so as to straddle the inner surface of the tapered tube 7 and the outer peripheral surface of the outflow tube 8 so that the plate surface has a vertical posture. However, the inner side of the regulating blade 9 and the outer peripheral surface of the outflow pipe 8 are set so that a gap is provided, and the taper pipe 7 can be removed when the container lid 3 is removed. The lower end side of the restriction blade 9 coincides with the lower end side 7b of the taper tube 7, and the upper end side of the restriction blade 9 coincides with the height of the outlet 8a. The number of the restricting blades 9 is set to six, but is not limited to this, and may be set to other numbers.

  The main body container 1, the taper tube 7, the inflow tube 2, the outflow tube 8 and the like can be manufactured from a metal material such as SS (carbon steel).

<Action>
Next, the operation of the cyclone separator shown in FIG. 1 will be described. Air containing foreign matter is introduced from the inflow pipe 2 in a compressed air state. Since the inflow pipe 2 is attached to the main body container 1 in a tangential direction, a high-speed swirling flow is generated inside the main body container 1. By the action of the centrifugal force generated by the swirling flow, iron rust or fine water droplets having a specific gravity higher than that of the pressure air can be concentrated in the direction of the inner wall surface of the main body container 1.

  Since the swirling flow is deflected in the direction toward the discharge pipe 5 (lower end side 1B) by the action of the taper surface 7c of the taper pipe 7, foreign matter such as iron rust containing concentrated moisture is swung downward while turning. Moving. The foreign matter moved while turning to the inner surface of the container lid 6 on the lower end side 1B of the main body container 1 is discharged out of the main body container 1 together with compressed air from a discharge pipe 5 attached to the main body container 1 in a tangential direction. Further, the air from which the foreign matter has been separated is discharged from the outlet 8 a of the outflow pipe 8.

  The operation of the tapered tube 7 will be described in a little more detail. When the tapered tube 7 is viewed from the flow direction of the inflow tube 2, the tapered surface 7 c forms an obliquely downward bank. For this reason, since the air flow from the inflow pipe 2 is deflected toward the inner wall surface of the main body container 1, a swirl flow along the inner wall surface of the main body container 1 can be formed. As described above, in combination with the provision of the inflow pipe 2 in the tangential direction, the taper pipe 7 can efficiently convert it into a swirl flow, and a centrifugal separation effect by swirling at a higher speed can be generated. That is, the air flow near the center of the main body container 1 of the inflow pipe 2 can also contribute to the generation of the swirling flow, and a higher-speed swirling flow can be formed.

  If there is no taper tube 7, only the air that flows in near the wall surface of the main body container 1 in the inflow tube 2 contributes to the generation of the swirling flow. Accordingly, in order to efficiently generate the swirling flow, the main body container 1 having an inner diameter that is considerably larger than the diameter of the inflow pipe 2 is required. However, by providing the tapered pipe 7 as in the present invention, the inflow pipe 2 is provided. The flow direction of the air flowing in from the main body container 1 can be deflected to the wall surface of the main body container 1 by the taper tube 7, and the inner diameter of the main body container 1 can be made thinner in the ratio of the inner diameter of the main body container 1 to the diameter of the inflow pipe 2. This is advantageous in terms of miniaturization. Further, if the linear velocity of the swirling flow is the same, the centrifugal force is inversely proportional to the radius, so that the separation performance is improved by making the main body container 1 thinner.

  The centrifugally separated iron rust containing moisture settles at a high speed under the action of two forces of gravity and a downward flow caused by the taper tube 7. Therefore, even if the axial dimension of the main body container 1 is short, it can be discharged from the discharge pipe 5 provided on the lower end side 1B.

  Next, the nature of the swirl vortex will be described. In the vicinity of the height at which the inflow pipe 2 of the main body container 1 is provided, a forced vortex becomes faster toward the outer side in the radial direction. However, the nature of the natural vortex becomes stronger as it goes downward from the position of the inflow pipe 2. The natural vortex has a higher linear velocity toward the center and a lower linear velocity toward the outer side in the radial direction. Therefore, the lower part of the main body container 1 is a Rankine vortex that is a composite of forced vortex and natural vortex, and the tendency of natural vortex becomes stronger as it approaches the lower end side 1B.

  The flow of the compressed air flowing in from the inflow pipe 2 is a downward flow as already described in the portion close to the inner wall surface of the main body container 1, and the air from which foreign matters are separated at the lowermost end is the lower end (container lid). 6 is reversed and becomes an upward flow at the center of the swirling flow. A typical example of this upward flow is a tornado. This tornado has a high ascending speed, and there is a disadvantage that it is accompanied by iron rust that has not been sufficiently separated by centrifugal force, particularly fine iron rust and mist-like moisture.

  In order to eliminate such inconvenience, the outflow pipe 8 is arranged at the center of the main body container 1 (corresponding to the center of the vortex). If the outflow pipe 8 is not configured to be inserted from the lower end side 1B of the main body container 1, the vortex center is on the central axis (vertical line) of the main body container 1, but the outflow pipe 8 having a predetermined outer diameter. The center of the vortex becomes the outer peripheral surface of the outflow pipe 8. Thereby, the effect | action by an inconvenient high-speed upward flow can be disperse | distributed, and the accompanying of the foreign material by a high-speed upward flow can be suppressed.

  Since the flow of the compressed air that has been reversed and raised continues to swirl while rising, the foreign matter that could not be removed at the bottom would rise while receiving the action of centrifugal force. It can be directed toward the inner wall.

  Further, if the gap between the opening on the lower end side 7b of the taper pipe 7 and the outer peripheral surface of the outflow pipe 8 is made small, the foreign matter that has moved upward due to the upward flow will try to enter the inside of the taper pipe 7. Can be difficult. The rising foreign matter that could not enter the inside of the taper pipe 7 will be taken into the swirling flow of air from the inflow pipe 2 again, and will again ride the downward flow and head toward the discharge pipe 5. Can do.

  Further, a regulation blade 9 is provided inside the taper tube 7, and the plate surface is attached so as to be vertical. The regulating blade 9 plays a role of stopping the swirling flow. If a foreign substance enters the inside of the taper tube 7, the inner wall surface of the taper tube 7 becomes a tapered surface having a larger diameter toward the upper side. Due to the deflection action, the foreign matter receives upward force and tries to move upward. Since the outflow port 8a of the outflow pipe 8 is disposed above this, there is a disadvantage that foreign matter flows out from the outflow port 8a. In order to eliminate such inconvenience, the generation of the swirling flow can be suppressed by the regulating blade 9 and foreign matters can be prevented from moving in the direction of the outlet 8a.

  As described above, according to the cyclone separator according to the present invention, the contrivance for eliminating the inconvenience that foreign matter is discharged from the outflow pipe 8 is set in multiple layers, so that the foreign matter can be reliably separated. Is possible.

<Experimental result>
The effect of foreign matter separation was confirmed using the cyclone separator of FIG. The fluid used was compressed air (0.5 MPa), the inflow rate was 10 m / s, the temperature was 30 ° C., the foreign material was iron rust (2 to 100 μm), and mist-like moisture. As an operation condition, the discharge pipe 5 was operated in a continuously open state.

  As a result, it was possible to separate and remove iron rust of 5 μm or more. Condensed water was also observed in the outflow pipe 8.

Second Embodiment
<Configuration>
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a cyclone separator according to the second embodiment. Parts having the same functions as those in the structure shown in FIG. In this embodiment, water containing sand or soil as foreign matter is introduced from the inflow pipe 2.

  On the upper end side 1 </ b> A of the main body container 1, a container lid 3 in the shape of a mirror plate is provided. The container lid 3 has a spherical recess protruding outward and contributes to an increase in strength. In addition, an air vent pipe 11 for venting air inside the main body container 1 is connected to the top of the container lid 3 and is opened at an appropriate timing.

  A bank 10 is attached to the inlet of the inflow pipe 2, and has an inner surface 10 a having the same curvature as the inner wall surface of the main body container 1 and a protruding portion 19 b that protrudes into the inflow pipe 2. The bank 10 prevents the fluid flowing in from the inflow pipe 2 from going directly in the direction of the taper pipe 7 and directs the flow toward the inner wall surface of the main body container 1.

  The outer diameter of the upper end side 7 a of the tapered tube 7 is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the main body container 1, and the upper end side 7 a is located on the upper surface of the flange 1 a of the main body container 1. The lower end side 7b of the taper pipe 7 is located at the pipe center of the inflow pipe 3, and the diameter of the opening is set to 2.5 times the diameter of the outer peripheral surface of the outflow pipe 8.

  Inside the taper tube 7, as shown in FIG. 2A, three restricting blades 9 are attached at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. The regulating blade 9 has a plate shape, and is attached to the tapered tube 7 by welding so that the plate surface is in a vertical posture. However, the inside of the regulating blade 9 and the outer peripheral surface of the outflow pipe 8 are set so that a slight gap is provided. The upper end side of the restricting blade 9 coincides with the height of the outlet 8a. The number of the restricting blades 9 is set to three, but is not limited to this, and may be set to other numbers.

  Further, the lower end side of the regulation blade 9 is an inclined end surface 9a, and the outermost radial direction is coincident with the lower end side 7b of the tapered tube 7 and is directed radially inward (outer surface of the outflow tube 8). The inclined end surface 9a has a higher height.

  A flange 1 b is also provided on the lower end side 1 </ b> B of the main body container 1, and the container lid 6 is coupled by a bolt / nut 12.

  The main body container 1, the taper pipe 7, the inflow pipe 2, the outflow pipe 8, the bank 10, and the like can be made of a metal material such as SUS304 steel (a kind of stainless steel).

<Action>
Next, the operation of the cyclone separator 1 shown in FIG. 2 will be described. The basic operation is the same as in the first embodiment. From the inflow pipe 2, water including sand and soil (these correspond to separation objects) is introduced. Foreign matter such as sand and soil having a higher specific gravity than water moves downward while being concentrated on the inner wall surface of the main body container 1, and moves to the inner surface of the container lid 6. Sand and soil are discharged out of the main body container 1.

  The water introduced from the inflow pipe 2 is forced to deflect the water flow in the direction along the inner wall surface in the main body container 1 by the bank 10 provided at the inflow port, so that the swirl flow is efficiently generated. be able to.

  The container lid 3 is provided with an air vent pipe 11 for facilitating the air contained in the water. That is, the air introduced from the inflow pipe 2 is accompanied by air, but this air gradually stays in the upper part of the main body container 1, and when the amount increases, dirt and sand are formed in the air bubbles. It becomes easy to be accompanied, and the separation function of sand and soil is lowered. Therefore, the air is extracted by the air vent pipe 11. The air venting is preferably performed constantly during the separation and removal operation, but may be performed intermittently at an appropriate timing.

  Further, on the lower end side 7b of the tapered tube 7, the inclined end surface 9a is formed on the regulating blade 9 as described above. Therefore, even inside the taper tube 7, a swirling flow is formed in the space of the opening portion of the inclined end surface 9a. Therefore, the foreign matter that has entered the inside of the taper tube 7 due to this swirling flow moves toward the inner wall surface of the taper tube 7, and as a result, the swirl flow due to the water introduced from the inflow tube 2. Can ride and can go in the direction of the discharge pipe 5. Thereby, the isolation | separation function of a foreign material can be improved.

<Experimental result>
The effect of foreign matter separation was confirmed using the cyclone separator of FIG. The used fluid is water (0.1 MPa) for food cleaning and reuse, and includes garbage, sand, and soil as separation objects. As an operation condition, the operation was performed so that the discharge pipe 5 was opened intermittently (valve opened for 2 minutes at 18 minute intervals). The speed of water in the inflow pipe 2 is 2 m / s. As a result, it was possible to separate and remove dust, sand and soil of 50 μm or more.

<Third Embodiment>
<Configuration>
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a cyclone separator according to the third embodiment. Parts having the same functions as those in the structure shown in FIG. In this embodiment, coke oven gas containing dust, dust and tar as foreign matter is introduced from the inflow pipe 2.

  In the present embodiment, the main body container 1 is set horizontally. In FIG. 3, the right side of the main body container 1 corresponds to one end side 1A, and the left side corresponds to the other end side 1B. The inflow pipe 2 is provided in a tangential direction with respect to the circumferential wall surface of the main body container 1 so that coke oven gas flows from above the main body container 1.

  In the present embodiment, two discharge pipes 5 are provided, one of which is provided with a first discharge pipe 5 </ b> A on the other end side 1 </ b> B of the main body container 1, and is provided tangentially at the lower part of the main body container 1. The other is provided with a second discharge pipe 5B on one end side 1A of the main body container 1 so as to be in phase with the first discharge pipe 5A.

  The tapered tube 7 is provided at a position where the tapered surface 7 c faces the inflow tube 2. One end side 7a of the taper tube 7 has a large diameter, and the other end side 7b has a small diameter. A flange member 7 d is provided on one end side 7 a of the taper tube 7, and is coupled to a mounting portion 1 b attached to the inner wall surface of the main body container 1 by bolts and nuts 13.

  The diameter of the opening on the other end side 7 b of the taper tube 7 is set to be 1.4 times the diameter of the outer peripheral surface of the outflow tube 8. The position of the other end side 7b of the taper tube 7 is located slightly to the left of the left end of the inner diameter of the inflow tube 2, and the position of the one end side 7a is located slightly to the right of the right end of the inner diameter of the inflow tube 2. . The taper tube 7 is manufactured by cutting out a SUS plate into a fan shape, rounding it by roll processing, and welding and joining the end faces.

  The outflow pipe 8 is inserted into the main body container 1 from the container lid 6, and the outflow port 8 a is in a position protruding from the one end side 7 a of the taper pipe 7. A second discharge pipe 5 </ b> B is provided at a position between one end side 7 a of the taper pipe 7 and the container lid 3. When foreign matter that cannot be completely removed by the first discharge pipe 5A enters the inside of the taper pipe 7, it can be discharged from the second discharge pipe 5B.

  A cleaning liquid injection pipe 14 is provided in the upper part of the main body container 1 at a position facing the second discharge pipe 5B. When the operation of the cyclone separator is stopped, it is used for the purpose of washing and cleaning tar inside the main body container 1. Therefore, when operating the cyclone separator, the cleaning liquid injection pipe 14 is closed.

  The main body container 1, the taper tube 7, the inflow tube 2, the outflow tube 8, the discharge tube 5, the cleaning liquid injection tube 14, and the like can be manufactured from a metal material such as SUS316 steel (a kind of stainless steel).

<Action>
Next, the operation of the cyclone separator 1 shown in FIG. 3 will be described. The basic operation is the same as in the first embodiment. From the inflow pipe 2, coke oven gas containing foreign matter is introduced. Due to the swirling flow generated in the main body container 1, dust, tar and the like having a higher specific gravity than the gas are separated and aggregated on the inner wall surface of the main body container 1. These foreign substances move along the inner wall surface while turning, and are discharged from the first discharge pipe 5A together with the gas. The coke oven gas from which foreign matter has been separated by the action of centrifugal force flows out from the outflow pipe 8.

  By the action of the taper pipe 7 according to the present invention, the gas flow from the inflow pipe 2 is deflected in the direction of the inner wall surface and in the direction of the first discharge pipe 5A. Therefore, the foreign matter contained in the gas can move in the direction of the discharge pipe 5A by this deflection action, so that the foreign matter can be removed even if the main body container 1 is not placed vertically (without the action of gravity). It can be moved in the direction of one discharge pipe 5A.

  The coke oven gas flow in the main body container 1 is directed to the left in FIG. 3 in the vicinity of the inner wall surface. The coke oven gas from which the foreign matter has been separated by the first discharge pipe 5A is reversed at the left end (inner surface of the container lid 6) by the behavior of the vortex, and becomes a rightward flow at the center of the swirl flow (tornado). If the outflow pipe 8 is not at the axial center of the main body container 1, the flow velocity in the right direction of the center of the tornado becomes high, and there is a possibility that foreign substances that could not be separated by the first discharge pipe 5A will be accompanied. . Since the outflow pipe 8 exists, the center of the vortex is dispersed from the line to the surface (outer peripheral surface of the outflow pipe 8), so that entrainment of foreign matters can be reduced.

  The coke oven gas flow continues to swirl in a place near the inverted rightward vortex center, and the foreign matter that cannot be completely separated by the first discharge pipe 5A is subjected to centrifugal separation by swirling, Move to. Among these foreign substances, those present near the center of the vortex penetrate into the taper tube 7. Further, the foreign matter that has not entered the tapered tube 7 is discharged again toward the first discharge tube 5 </ b> A while turning along the inner wall surface of the main body container 1 again. In addition, the foreign matter that has entered the inside of the taper tube 7 can continue to rotate because the regulating blade is not provided inside the taper tube 7 and is subjected to the second centrifugal separation action. The foreign matter subjected to the centrifugal separation is discharged from the second discharge pipe 5B to the outside of the main body container 1.

<Experimental result>
The effect of foreign matter separation was confirmed using the cyclone separator shown in FIG. The fluid used is coke oven gas, and the separation object includes foreign matters such as dust, dust and tar. As the operating condition, the first and second discharge pipes 5A and 5B were continuously opened. The flow rate of the gas from the inflow pipe 2 is 15 m / s. As a result, dust containing tars of 10 μm or more could be removed. In the outflow pipe 8, no dust was observed. The first discharge pipe 5A has a lot of dust, and the second discharge pipe 5B has a lot of tar.

<Fourth embodiment>
<Configuration>
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a cyclone separator according to the fourth embodiment. Parts having the same functions as those in the structure shown in FIG. In this embodiment, water containing metallic nickel fine powder is introduced from the inflow pipe 2 as a foreign substance. Moreover, the main body container 1 is an example which is not made of metal but made of resin.

  The main body container 1 is installed vertically, and is separated as an upper main body 100, a middle main body 101, and a lower main body 102, and these are coupled by a bolt / nut 20 in a sandwiched manner. The main body container 1 is made of, for example, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene. An O-ring 21 is attached to the boundary between the upper body 100 and the middle body 101 and the boundary between the middle body 101 and the lower body 102.

  Inner wall surfaces 100a, 101a, and 102a are formed on the main bodies 100, 101, and 102, and have the same inner diameter. The upper main body 100 is formed with an inflow pipe mounting hole 100b in the horizontal direction, and the inflow pipe is press-fitted therein. The mounting hole 100b is formed in the tangential direction of the inner wall surface 100a of the upper body 100.

  The lower main body 102 is formed with a mounting hole 102b for the discharge pipe in the horizontal direction, and the discharge pipe is press-fitted therein. The mounting hole 102b is also formed in the tangential direction of the inner wall surface 102a of the lower main body 102. A ring-shaped recess 102c is formed on the bottom surface of the lower main body 102, and an attachment hole 102b is formed in the recess 102c. In addition, a horizontal surface 102d is formed at the bottom center of the lower main body 102, and the height thereof is slightly higher than the mounting hole 102b.

  A tapered surface 70 that functions as a tapered portion is integrally formed inside the upper body 100. The taper surface 70 is set so that the outer diameter decreases toward the lower side, and the dimension at the lowermost end is set to 0.65 times the inner diameter dimension of the inner wall surface 100a. In addition, the position of the lowermost end is located slightly below the position of the inflow pipe, and the tapered surface 70 is disposed at a position facing the inflow pipe. Further, the diameter of the tapered surface 70 does not change linearly but changes in a curved line.

  A conical surface 71 is formed inside the tapered surface 70 and is set to have a larger diameter toward the lower end side. The top portion 72 of the conical surface 71 is formed into a spherical surface.

  A mounting hole 102e for press-fitting the outflow pipe 8 is provided in the lower center of the lower body 102. An outlet 8 a is provided at the tip of the outflow pipe 8 and is inserted into the conical surface 71. A tapered chamfer is formed on the outer peripheral surface in the vicinity of the outlet 8 a in accordance with the shape of the conical surface 72.

<Action>
Next, the operation of the cyclone separator 1 shown in FIG. 4 will be described. The basic operation is the same as in the first embodiment. Water containing nickel powder is introduced from the inflow pipe. When water is introduced, a swirl flow along the inner wall surface 100a is generated, and nickel powder (foreign matter) having a larger specific gravity than water is concentrated in the direction of the inner wall surface, and moves downward while swirling. It is discharged with water from the pipe.

  In addition, when the foreign matter that has not been completely separated rises and enters the inside of the conical surface 71, the conical surface 71 is formed with a larger diameter toward the lower side, and therefore moves in the direction of the conical surface 71 by centrifugal force, It receives a downward force and is driven out of the conical surface 71. The expelled foreign matter rides on the flow of water moving downward again and heads toward the discharge pipe.

  The main body container 1 (including the tapered portion) can be manufactured using ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (for example, Polypenco U-PE100 manufactured by Nippon Polypenco). The inflow pipe, the outflow pipe, the discharge pipe, and the like can be manufactured using polyvinylidene fluoride (for example, Polypenco PVDF manufactured by Nippon Polypenco). The O-ring 21 can be made of silicon rubber.

<Experimental result>
The effect of foreign matter separation was confirmed using the cyclone separator of FIG. The fluid used is water (0.7 MPa), and metallic nickel fine powder is contained as an object to be separated. As an operation condition, the discharge pipe was continuously opened. The flow rate of water in the inlet pipe was 4 m / s. As a result, nickel powder of 10 μm or less could be separated.

<Another embodiment>
Although four embodiments have been described with respect to this embodiment, various embodiments can be employed. In addition, the structure employed in each embodiment can be employed in any other embodiment.

  The direction in which the fluid from the inflow pipe 2 swirls may be either clockwise or counterclockwise. When the inflow pipe 2, the outflow pipe 8, and the discharge pipe 5 are provided in the tangential direction (on the circumferential wall surface) of the main body container 1, they may be provided at any phase of 360 °.

  As materials for the main body container 1, the inflow pipe 2, the outflow pipe 8, the taper pipe 7, the discharge pipe 5, and the like, it is possible to use a combination of metal, resin containing reinforced plastic, ceramics, and various composite materials. For example, steel (carbon steel, alloy steel including stainless steel), nickel, nickel alloy (Hastelloy, etc.), copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, aluminum, aluminum alloy, clad steel (steel and metal other than steel are bonded together) Material) can be used. As the resin, unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin, phenol resin as thermosetting resin can be used, PVC, ABS, PS, PPS, POM, acrylic resin (PMMA), fluorine resin (PTFE etc.) as thermoplastic resin ), Polycarbonate resin (PC), nylon resin (PA), PPE resin, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polycyclopentadiene resin. As the fiber reinforced resin (FRP), a composite material of a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin and carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, or polyester fiber can be used.

  In addition, as rubber used for rubber lining on the inner wall surface of the main body container 1 or the like, NR rubber, IR rubber, BR rubber, CR rubber, NBR rubber, EPDM rubber, KFM rubber, natural rubber, chloroprene rubber, SBR rubber, Niloryl rubber, polyurethane, silicone rubber, fluorine rubber, etc. can be used.

  The fluid to be processed and the separation target in the cyclone separator according to the present invention are not limited to the fluid (gas, liquid) or substance described in the present embodiment, but for various fluids and substances. Applicable. Further, in the present embodiment, an example in which the main body container 1 is installed horizontally or vertically is described. The present invention is applicable to any case, and may be set in an oblique state.

  As an embodiment of the taper portion, the configuration by the taper tube 7 manufactured from the metal plate and the example of forming the resin as shown in FIG. 4 have been described, but the specific configuration of the taper portion is limited to these. However, various modifications are possible. The angle of the taper surface 7c is set to about 45 °, but is preferably set to an appropriate angle according to the size of the main body container 1 and the distance between the inflow pipe 2 and the discharge pipe 5.

  In the present invention, the timing for opening the discharge pipe 5 can be set as appropriate. That is, it may be always open during operation, or may be configured to open intermittently.

  In the configuration in which the outflow pipe 8 is inserted into the tapered pipe 7 (tapered portion), the position of the outflow port 8a may remain inside the tapered pipe 7 (see FIG. 1 and the like) or penetrate the tapered pipe 7. You may insert to a position (refer FIG. 3). Thus, the position of the outflow port 8a may be modified as appropriate. Further, the regulating blade 9 may be joined to both the taper tube 7 and the outflow tube 8 or may be joined to only one side and not to the other.

  In the present invention, one end side and the other end side in the axial direction are terms used for convenience of explanation.

The figure which shows the structure of the cyclone separator concerning 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows the structure of the cyclone separator concerning 2nd Embodiment. The figure which shows the structure of the cyclone separator concerning 3rd Embodiment. The figure which shows the structure of the cyclone separator concerning 4th Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

1 Main body container 1A Upper end side (one axial end side)
1B Lower end side (the other end side in the axial direction)
2 Inflow pipes 3, 6 Container lid 5, 5A, 5B Outlet pipe 7 Tapered pipe 7c Tapered surface 8 Outflow pipe 8a Outlet 9 Regulating blade 10 Dyke 100a Upper body 100b Middle body 100c Lower body

Claims (7)

A cylindrical body container;
An inflow pipe that is provided tangentially to the circumferential wall surface of the main body container on one end side in the axial direction of the main body container, and introduces a fluid containing a separation object;
A discharge pipe that is provided tangentially to the circumferential wall surface of the main body container on the other axial end of the main body container, and discharges the separation target;
A tapered portion that is arranged in the vicinity of the main body container in the vicinity of the inflow pipe, deflects the fluid that has flowed in toward the discharge pipe, and has a smaller diameter toward the discharge pipe;
An opening provided on the discharge pipe side of the tapered portion;
An outflow pipe that is inserted along the central axis of the main body container from the other axial end side of the main body container and outflows the fluid from which the separation target is separated, and the outlet of the outflow pipe is the opening of the tapered portion The cyclone separator is provided in a state of being inserted into the inside of the taper portion.   The cyclone separator according to claim 1, wherein a regulating member that regulates the swirling of the fluid is provided in the tapered portion.   The cyclone separator according to claim 2, wherein the restricting member is a restricting blade disposed so as to straddle between the inner surface of the tapered portion and the outer surface of the outflow pipe.   The cyclone separator according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the restricting member is disposed on the other end side in the axial direction from the position of the outlet.   The position of the outflow port is set to be substantially the same position as the inflow pipe or in a direction closer to one end in the axial direction than the position of the inflow pipe. Cyclone separator.   A second discharge pipe is provided on one end side in the axial direction of the main body container so as to be tangential to the circumferential wall surface of the main body container and discharge the separation object that has entered the inside of the tapered portion. The cyclone separator according to claim 1 or 5.   2. The cyclone separator according to claim 1, wherein an inner surface of the tapered portion is formed to have a larger diameter toward a discharge pipe side.

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