JP2006340678A - Root vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a root vegetable harvester without getting a block of the root vegetables before the cutting-off position of their stems and leaves even on conveying the root vegetables to a rotary blade part continuously in a row. <P>SOLUTION: This root vegetable harvester is provided by cutting-off the stems and leaves of the root vegetables by a pair of rotary blades 13, 13 on conveying them to a rear position by a nip-conveying device 3 for conveying the root vegetables dig-up from a field from a lower position to an upper position. The planar shape of the rotary blades 13, 13 is selected from circular, polygonal, star and petal shapes, and if the planar shape of one of the rotary blades 13 is the circular shape, another planar shape of the rotary blade 13 is selected from the polygonal, star or petal shape, and also the planar shapes of both of the rotary blades 13, 13 are selected from the polygonal, star and petal shapes. Also, by having a constitution that any of the pair of the rotary blades 13, 13 is laminated with a raking-in plate 13' having a diameter larger than the maximum diameter of the blade, the biting-in of the rotary blade tip into the root vegetables becomes further easier, the cutting effect is improved and the harvesting property of the root vegetables becomes better. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a root vegetable harvester, and more particularly to a rotary blade for cutting the roots and leaves of root vegetables of a root vegetable harvester.

  An example of a conventional root vegetable harvesting machine will be described below by taking carrots as an example of root vegetables. In the conventional carrot harvester, the soil around the carrot is loosened with a digging blade (soiler) as the carrot harvester moves forward in the field, and the carrots and leaves of the carrot are pulled up by the pulling means, and then the carrot harvester It is a machine that pulls out the foliage while sandwiching the foliage and conveys it backward, and cuts the foliage with a rotary blade during the conveyance.

And the conventional root crop harvesting machine is a pair of rotary blades in which, for example, the rotary blades for cutting the foliage are arranged with the circular blade surfaces facing the horizontal direction as disclosed in the invention described in the following Patent Publication It consists of a structure that cuts the foliage by crossing.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-341910

  With a pair of rotary blades having a circular blade surface used in the conventional root vegetable harvesting machine, it is difficult to scratch the roots and leaves of the root vegetables, especially when harvested and continuously fed to the rotary blade part. In some cases, the root vegetables being conveyed are clogged before the cutting position.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a root vegetable harvesting machine in which root vegetables are not clogged just before the cutting position of the foliage even if root vegetables are continuously conveyed to the rotary blade portion.

The above-mentioned problem of the present invention is solved by the following means.
That is, the invention described in claim 1 includes a traveling vehicle body (2), a nipping and conveying apparatus (3) for nipping and conveying the roots and leaves of root vegetables in the field, and the nipping and conveying apparatus (3). The root vegetable harvesting machine includes a pair of rotary blades (13, 13) that cut the stems and leaves of the root vegetables that are nipped and conveyed at the rear part of the root vegetables, and the pair of rotary blades (13, 13) are The cutting edge overlaps with the cutting part (S), and the cutting edge (S) rotates rearward. The cutting edge part of at least one of the rotary blades (13, 13) is obtuse or acute or A root crop harvester characterized by being formed into a wave shape.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that either one of the pair of rotary blades (13, 13) is formed by laminating a scraping plate (13 ') having a diameter larger than its maximum diameter. 1. A root vegetable harvesting machine according to 1.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the planar shape of the pair of rotary blades (13, 13) is the rotary blade (13, 13) of the present invention as compared to the case where both of the planar shapes are circular rotary blades. When used for one or both, the root vegetables are easily scraped into the cutting site (S) when root vegetables are cut, and the root vegetables are easily cut into the cutting edges of the rotary blades (13, 13). This improves the efficiency of harvesting varieties.

  According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, the presence of the stir plate (13 ') improves the effect of the root vegetables.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 shows a left side view of a root vegetable harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 shows a right side view of the root vegetable harvester of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the root vegetable harvester of FIG. FIG. 4 shows a rear view of the root vegetable harvester shown in FIG. In the present specification, the forward direction of the root vegetable harvester is referred to as the forward direction, the backward direction is referred to as the backward direction, and the left and right toward the forward direction are referred to as the left direction and the right direction, respectively.

  The case where carrots are harvested as root vegetables by the root vegetable harvesting machine shown in FIGS. The root vegetable harvesting machine of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 holds the stems and leaves of the root vegetables harvested by digging up on the left side of the vehicle body 2 equipped with a pair of left and right crawlers 1a, 1b for running the aircraft. In addition, a nipping and conveying device 3 is provided which conveys the root vegetables diagonally upward on the rear side and extracts and conveys root vegetables from the field, and a root vegetable which is provided on the right side of the vehicle body 2 with a conveyor 7 for conveying the harvested root vegetables to the container 6. It is a kind harvester.

  Of the left and right crawlers 1a, 1b, a grounding wheel 9 is attached to the front portion of the vehicle body 2 at the front position of the crawler 1a provided with the nipping and conveying device 3. The grounding wheel 9 is configured to be movable up and down. is there. Further, a soiler 8 is provided at a position below the starting end portion of the sandwiching and conveying device 3 to advance the soil and loosen the soil.

  Further, a traveling mission device 10 is provided at a lower position in the front portion of the vehicle body 2, and a pair of left and right crawlers 1a and 1b are wound around a driving sprocket 11 of a wheel shaft that is provided extending from the traveling mission device 10 to the left and right sides. It is configured to be able to run. The traveling mission device 10 is connected to an engine (not shown) mounted on the vehicle body 2 so as to be capable of transmission, and includes a transmission, a side clutch, a side brake, etc. (not shown), and the crawler 1a, It is set as the structure which operates 1b.

  Further, the vehicle body 2 is provided with the control seat 4 arranged at the front part of the left and right intermediate positions, and using the space from the left side to the rear part and further to the right side, the holding and conveying device 3, the vertical pulling device 28, A lateral pulling device 29, a shoulder aligning belt 12, which is a series of processing and conveying devices, a leaf stem cutting device (rotating blade) 13, a leaf discharging belt 14, a conveying conveyor 7, a container table 17 on which a container 6 is placed, and the like are arranged. It constitutes a carrot harvester.

  The vertical pulling device 28 is provided with a large number of pulling lugs 28a, and the pulling lugs 28a circulate in the front-rear direction to cause the foliage hanging in the left-right direction of the crop. The horizontal pulling device 29 is provided with a large number of pulling lugs 29a, and a weeding tool 29b is provided in front of the lugs 29a. After weeding the crop with the weeding tool 29b, the pulling lag 29a that circulates in the left-right direction causes the foliage of the crop that is vegetated and droops from the field.

  The holding and conveying device 3 is composed of a pair of left and right holding belts 3a and 3b. The starting end side of the holding belts 3a and 3b is wound around floating pulleys 18 and 18 pivoted to the left and right of the tip, and the end side is driven left and right. The pulleys 19 and 19 are wound around. The holding and conveying device 3 is provided on the left side of the vehicle body 2 with the conveyance start end facing the ground at the lower front position and the conveyance terminal end positioned at the rear higher portion, and provided in an inclined state in a side view. 19, the clamping belts 3a and 3b are transmitted. In the case of the present embodiment, the holding and conveying device 3 provided with the vertical pulling device 28 and the horizontal pulling device 29 is connected to the vehicle body 2 integrally as a rear portion and is firmly connected to the machine frame 31 extended rearward and downward. The rear end portion of the body frame 31 is used as a pivot, and the body frame 31 is turned up and down to freely move up and down, and the conveyance start end portions of the clamping belts 3a and 3b move in the up and down direction, and the conveyance The height position of the starting end can be adjusted.

  The sandwiching and transporting device 3 sandwiches the base of the carrot leaf stalk (portion close to the shoulder of the carrot pulp part) between the pair of left and right sandwiching belts 3a and 3b at the transport start end, While pulling out the carrot from the farm scene by the upward conveying force of the nipping and conveying device 3, the carrot is conveyed and harvested by being conveyed upward and backward in a suspended state. Further, as can be seen in the plan view of FIG. 3, the nipping and conveying device 3 is located above one side (left side) of the crawler 1a, and as shown in the side views of FIGS. 1 and 2, the front end of the crawler 1a. It is configured to extend forward and downward from the section and approach the farm scene.

  The pair of soilers (digging blades) 8 are positioned below both sides of the carrot in the soil sandwiched between the sandwiching belts 3a and 3b below the conveyance start end portion of the pair of sandwiching belts 3a and 3b. A pair of left and right sides are provided, and the front end portion is shaped to embed the surrounding soil and vibrate, and the rear portion is constructed to vibrate while being supported on the horizontal axis. In this case, the soiler 8 is configured such that vibration power is transmitted from the vibrator 20 via the crank lot 21a and the swing arm 21b.

A carrot lower cutting device 23 is provided below the intermediate portion of the nipping and conveying device 3. The carrot lower cutting device 23 is provided with guide rods 24 (FIG. 1) formed in a mountain shape at predetermined intervals in the left-right direction. A rotating tool equipped with a blade is pivotally supported.
When the conveyed carrot tail portion passes through the guide rod 24 of the carrot lower cutting device 23, the lower carrot tail portion is cut by a cutting blade (not shown).

As described above, after the predetermined position on the lower side opposite to the leaf portion of the carrot is cut by the cutting blade of the carrot lower cutting device 23 while being transferred to the upper portion by being held by the holding and conveying belts 3a and 3b, the holding belt A shoulder aligning belt 12 disposed below the terminal portions of 3a and 3b and provided in a substantially horizontal shape inherits carrots from the sandwiching belts 3a and 3b and conveys them backward.
The shoulder alignment belt 12 is composed of a pair of belts 12, 12. The carrot is moved upward in relation to the sandwiching belts 3 a, 3 b, sandwiched while aligning the shoulders of the pulp, and conveyed to the rear of the vehicle body 2. It is configured.

  The leaf stem cutting device 13 comprises a pair of left and right disk-shaped rotary blades 13 and 13 as shown by phantom lines in FIG. It is configured to cut the base of the carrot leaf stem that is sandwiched by the tapping belt 26 and supplied in a suspended state. Moreover, it is set as the structure which mutually overlaps the cutting | disconnection site | part S in planar view, and rotates toward the back of a body from the cutting | disconnection site | part S mutually.

  The principal part top view of a pair of polygonal rotary blades 13 and 13 which is an example of a present Example is shown to Fig.5 (a), and principal part sectional drawing is shown in FIG.5 (b). FIG. 6 (a) shows a plan view of the main parts of the pair of star-shaped rotary blades 13 and 13, FIG. 7 (b) shows a cross-sectional view of the main parts, and FIG. 7 (a) shows a pair of petals. The principal part top view of the shape rotary blades 13 and 13 and its principal part sectional drawing are shown in FIG.7 (b).

  The cutting edges of the outer peripheral portions of the polygonal rotary blades 13 and 13 shown in FIG. 5 are formed at an obtuse angle part 13a having an angle of 90 degrees or more, and this obtuse angle part 13a acts on the root vegetables being nipped and conveyed. The action of cutting the root vegetables and scratching the cutting site S is provided.

  The edge of the outer peripheral portion of the star-shaped rotary blade 13 shown in FIG. 6 is formed as an acute angle portion 13b having an angle of less than 90 degrees, and like the obtuse angle portion 13a in FIG. It acts to cut root vegetables and scrape them into the cutting site S.

  The cutting edge of the outer peripheral portion of the petal-shaped rotary blade 13 in the plan view of FIG. 7 is formed in the corrugated portion 13c, and, like the obtuse angle portion 13a of FIG. And the action of scraping into the cutting site S.

5 to 7, compared with a pair of circular rotary blades, the cutting edges of the rotary blades 13 and 13 act on the shoulder portion of the carrot to be transported and are easily scratched when compared with a pair of circular rotary blades. The rotary blades 13 and 13 are easy to bite and the cutting ability is improved.
5 to 7, each of the pair of rotary blades 13 and 13 has a polygonal shape, a star shape, or a petal shape. However, one may be circular and the other may be formed in the shape described above.

  In addition, in the obtuse angle part 13a, the acute angle part 13b, and the corrugated part 13c of this example, when the obtuse angle part 13a, the acute angle part 13b, and the corrugated part 13c of one place all enter the cutting site S, the adjacent obtuse angle part 13a and acute angle. The part 13b and the waveform part 13c are provided at an interval that does not enter the cutting site S. Therefore, the obtuse angle part 13a, the acute angle part 13b, and the corrugated part 13c can act on root vegetables reliably and can make a cutting action into the cutting site S.

  Further, as shown in the main part plan view of FIG. 8A and the main part sectional view of FIG. 8B, one is a circular rotary blade 13 and the other is a rotary blade 13 having a polygonal plane. On the rotary blade 13 having a square plane, a stiffening plate 13 ′ having a star-shaped plane protruding outward from the apex of the obtuse angle portion 13 a of the rotary blade 13 is laminated. One is a circular rotary blade 13 and the other is a polygonal rotary blade 13, and on the rotary blade 13 having a polygonal plane, a scoring plate 13 ′ protruding outward from the apex of the obtuse angle portion 13a of the rotary blade 13 is provided. As it is laminated, the carrot bites better. Note that the polygon of the present embodiment may be replaced with the aforementioned star-shaped or petal-shaped configuration.

  Further, as shown in the plan view of the main part of FIG. 9A and the cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. 9B, both are circular rotary blades 13 and 13, and the rotary blade 13 is placed on one circular rotary blade 13. The structure is formed by stacking star-shaped scribing plates 13 ′ that protrude outward from the outer peripheral portion of the outer peripheral portion. Even if both are circular rotary blades 13 and 13, a carved bite is formed on one circular rotary blade 13 because a star-shaped scoring plate 13 ′ protruding from the apex outside the outer peripheral portion of the rotary blade 13 is laminated. Will be better.

  Further, as shown in the plan view of the main part of FIG. 10A and the cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. 10B, both are circular rotary blades 13 and 13, and one of the circular rotary blades 13 has an acute angle blade. A star-shaped scribing plate 13 ′ protruding from the apex is integrally laminated, and the other circular rotary blade 13 is sandwiched between the one circular rotary blade 13 and the star-shaped scribing plate 13 ′. Even if both are circular rotary blades 13 and 13, one circular rotary blade 13 and the star-shaped scribing plate 13 ′ are integrated, and the configuration is such that the tip of the other circular rotary blade 13 is sandwiched. The bite is better.

11, the thickness T ₁ of the rotary blade 13 of this embodiment can be made thicker than the thickness T ₂ of the other circular rotary blade 13 and a configuration can be adopted. In the present embodiment, the tip portions of the inclined portions R ₁ and R ₂ between the blade edges are made to oppose each other. Conventionally, in the configuration in which the pair of rotary blades 13 are stacked, there is a disadvantage that a step can be formed at the cut end of the root vegetables when the thickness of the rotary blade 13 is increased. The rigidity of the rotary blade 13 can be maintained while being difficult to be stepped at the cut end. In this embodiment, it is mainly used for the circular rotary blade 13, but it can also be used for rotary blades 13 of other shapes.

  A remaining leaf processing device 35 is provided below the leaf stem cutting device (rotating blade) 13 as shown in FIG. The remaining leaf processing device 35 includes a remaining leaf cleaner belt 36 and a remaining leaf roller 37. The leaf stem portion is cut by the leaf stem cutting device 13, and the pulp portion falls on the remaining leaf cleaner belt 36. The carrot dropped on the remaining leaf cleaner belt 36 is conveyed by a remaining leaf roller 37 having a rotating shaft in a direction inclined with respect to the belt conveying direction provided with a gap on the belt 36 while being conveyed. Carrots are conveyed toward the conveyor 7 while removing the remaining leaves. On the other hand, residual leaves remain on the residual leaf cleaner belt 36, and the residual leaves pass through the gap between the belt 36 and the residual leaf roller 37 and are discharged outside the machine.

  The conveyor 7 is configured in a related position for conveying the carrot pulp portion inherited from the residual leaf processing device 35 in the lateral direction (right direction) and supplying it to the container 6 on the rear container stand 17 from the rear end. is doing.

  The seat 27 is provided so that an auxiliary worker sits on the side (right side) of the transport conveyor 7, and the auxiliary worker visually selects defective products by visually checking the carrots sent on the transport conveyor 7 as described above. The container 6 is harvested.

  The container 6 is a flexible container 6, and a pair of support arms 6 a at the upper end of the container 6 is connected to a pair of side support members 7 a and 7 a of the transport conveyor 7 via a connecting member 30. . The pair of side support members 7a, 7a are configured to be movable up and down by a hydraulic cylinder 33 supported at one end by the vehicle body 2, and an operation of the hydraulic cylinder 33 is operated by a foot switch 34 disposed on the traveling vehicle body 2. It operates by stepping on.

  With the above configuration, the capacity of the flexible container 6 can be freely changed according to the amount of carrot harvested.

Next, the operation of the root vegetable harvester will be described.
First, the root crop harvester starts the engine and starts the above-described harvesting operation, and the operator lowers the grounding wheel 9 pivoted on the front position of the crawler 1a on the side of the soiler 8 to ground it. Start work. Carrot harvesting operation is started while the digging height (pull-out position) of the nipping and conveying device 3 is set in advance while driving the rotating parts of the machine body 2 and the vehicle body 2 is advanced in the field by transmitting the crawlers 1a and 1b. To do. In this case, the soiler 8 is lowered integrally with the holding and conveying device 3 and the tip portion is depressed in the soil.

  And the carrots planted in the field are in a state where the leaves and stems that have reached the range of action of the vertical pulling device 28 that protrudes in the forward direction from the low position that touches the ground at the front and rotates upward It is guided and guided upward, and is further caused by the action of the lateral pulling device 29. Subsequently, the soiler 8 reaches the side of the carrot as the vehicle body 2 advances while continuing to vibrate in the soil, softens the surrounding soil by vibration, makes it easy to pull out, and holds the carrot on the holding belts 3a and 3b. The starting end portion sandwiches and pulls upward.

  In this way, the carrot is nipped between the pair of left and right nipping belts 3a and 3b and conveyed upward, reaches the shoulder alignment belt 12 and is changed, and the conveying direction is changed rearward and reaches the tapping belt 26. The leaf stem and the flesh portion are cut by the leaf stem cutting device 13 while being transferred. The cut foliage is discharged out of the machine by the leaf discharging shooter 42.

  The fallen carrot (pulp portion) is supplied onto the conveyor 7 after undergoing a residual leaf processing action if there is residual leaf in the pulp portion by the residual leaf cleaner belt 36. Carrots are sorted by the auxiliary worker (selector) sitting on the seat 27 in the process of being transported on the transport conveyor 7, and only non-defective products are filled into the container 6 from the end of the transport conveyor 7. The

  When the harvesting operation is continued as described above and the container 6 from which the carrots are harvested becomes full, the auxiliary worker (sorting worker) first moves the container 6 to the transport conveyor 7 side and replaces the empty container 6. .

In this way, the carrot harvesting operation is performed continuously.
In addition, the rotary blade 13 of the present embodiment can be made to drop the shoulder portion of the cut root vegetables toward the remaining leaf roller 37 side by increasing the rotary blade 13 outside the machine body or by increasing the rotation speed. it can.

  The present invention can be used as a root vegetable harvester for crop harvesting operations.

The left view of the root vegetable harvester of the Example of this invention is shown. The right view of the root vegetable harvester of FIG. 1 is shown. The top view of the root vegetable harvester of FIG. 1 is shown. The rear view of the root vegetable harvester of FIG. 1 is shown. The structure of the rotary blade of one Example of the root crop harvesting machine of FIG. 1 (FIG. 5 (a) is a principal part top view, FIG.5 (b) is principal part sectional drawing) is shown. The structure of the rotary blade of one Example of the root crop harvesting machine of FIG. 1 (FIG. 6 (a) is a principal part top view, FIG.6 (b) is principal part sectional drawing) is shown. The structure of the rotary blade of one Example of the root crop harvesting machine of FIG. 1 is shown (FIG. 7 (a) is a plan view of relevant parts, and FIG. 7 (b) is a cross-sectional view of relevant parts). The structure of one Example of the rotary blade of the root vegetable harvesting machine of FIG. 1 (FIG. 8A is a principal part top view, FIG.8B is principal part sectional drawing) is shown. The structure of one Example of the rotary blade of the root vegetable harvesting machine of FIG. 1 (FIG. 9 (a) is a principal part top view, FIG.9 (b) is principal part sectional drawing) is shown. The structure of one Example of the rotary blade of the root vegetable harvesting machine of FIG. 1 (FIG. 10 (a) is a principal part top view, FIG.10 (b) is principal part sectional drawing) is shown. The principal part sectional drawing of the structure of one Example of the rotary blade of the root vegetable harvester of FIG. 1 is shown.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a, 1b Crawler 2 Traveling vehicle body 3 Nipping conveyance apparatus 3a, 3b Nipping belt 4 Pilot seat 5 Harvest root vegetable processing apparatus 6 Container 7 Conveying conveyor 7a Conveying conveyor side support member 8 Moat raising blade (soiler)
8a Arm part 8b Blade part
8c Upper end 9 Ground ring
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Traveling mission apparatus 11 Drive sprocket 12 Shoulder alignment belt 13 Leaf stem cutting device
13 'scoring plate 13a obtuse angle part
13b acute angle part 13c corrugated part 14 leaflet belt 17 container stand 18 idle pulley 19 drive pulley 20 vibrator 21a crank lot 21b swing arm 22 machine frame 23 carrot lower cutting device 24 guide rod 26 tapping belt 27 seat 28 vertical raising device 28a Raising lug 29 Lateral raising device 29a Raising lug 30 Connecting member 31 Airframe frame
32 Rotating fulcrum 33 Hydraulic cylinder 34 Foot switch 35 Residual leaf processing device 36 Residual leaf cleaner belt 37 Residual leaf roller 42 Leaf shooter S Cutting part

Claims (2)

The traveling vehicle body (2), a nipping and conveying device (3) for nipping and conveying the roots and leaves of root vegetables in the field, and the foliage are nipped and conveyed by a rear portion of the nipping and conveying device (3). In a root crop harvesting machine provided with a pair of rotary blades (13, 13) for cutting the stems and leaves of the root crops,
The pair of rotary blades (13, 13) are configured such that the cutting edges overlap with each other at the cutting site (S) of the foliage, and are configured to rotate rearward from the cutting site (S). (13, 13) A root crop harvesting machine characterized in that the cutting edge portion of (13, 13) is formed into an obtuse angle, an acute angle, or a wave shape.   The root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein either one of the pair of rotary blades (13, 13) is configured by laminating a scraper plate (13 ') having a diameter larger than the maximum diameter.

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