JP2006336233A - Window - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a window superior in energy-saving performance and practical use, capable of surely preventing condensation in winter, and superior in space-saving performance and mass productivity with a simple structure, by reducing heating and cooling cost by supplementally heating and cooling by heating or cooling the inside of a double glass structure, by improving heat insulating performance and heat reserving performance by forming a heat pipe or a sealed air layer on a surface inside the double glass structure. <P>SOLUTION: This window 1 has an indoor plate 6, an outdoor plate 7 oppositely arranged by separating from the indoor plate, a pressure reduction layer 8 formed by being sealed between the indoor plate and the outdoor plate, a window part body 3 having a working liquid sealed inside the pressure reduction layer, and at least any one of a working liquid heating part for heating the working liquid or a working liquid cooling part for cooling the working liquid, which is arranged in any one of the window part body, a window frame part for arranging the window part body and a wall part for arranging the window frame part. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a window having a cooling and heating function, excellent heat insulation, and capable of preventing condensation in winter.

Conventionally, in order to improve the heat insulation performance and sound insulation performance of the glass window, a double glass window in which an air layer is formed between the indoor side glass and the outdoor side glass has been proposed. It has better heat insulation than ordinary glass windows, and the temperature difference between the indoor and outdoor surfaces of the indoor glass can be reduced during indoor heating in winter. Generation can be reduced.
However, in such a double glass window, since the temperature difference between the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature is large, there is a problem that condensation occurs on the indoor side surface of the outdoor glass. Since the dew condensation generated inside the double glass window cannot be removed, the field of view is poor, and the dew condensation moisture hangs down along the surface of the glass, so that it looks bad.
In order to solve this problem (Patent Document 1), “a support that is a rectangular frame made of an upper horizontal frame member, a lower horizontal frame member, and left and right vertical frame members that do not transmit heat to the indoor side and the outdoor side. In a double glass window with a frame, an indoor side glass attached in an airtight state near the indoor side of the support frame, and an outdoor side glass attached in an airtight state near the outdoor side of the support frame, continuous with the vertical frame material in the vertical direction The hollow portion is formed, and the upper portion of the hollow portion is communicated with the air layer between the indoor side glass and the outdoor side glass through the internal air introduction hole, and the hollow portion is communicated with the lower horizontal frame member. An anti-condensation structure for a double glass window characterized in that an external air introduction hole is formed. "
JP-A-10-37607

However, the above conventional techniques have the following problems.
(1) In (Patent Document 1), since the air layer between the indoor side glass and the outdoor side glass opens to the outside, condensation occurs on the indoor surface of the outdoor side glass when the room is heated in winter. However, since the outdoor air penetrates into the inside of the double glass window, the heat insulation and sound insulation properties inherent to the double glass window are impaired, and there is a problem that the efficiency of air conditioning is lacking. .
In addition, when the indoor side glass is cooled by the outdoor air that has entered the inside of the double glass window, there is a problem that condensation occurs on the indoor side surface of the indoor side glass due to a temperature difference from the indoor. It was.
Furthermore, since it is necessary to prevent dust blown into the hollow part from the external air introduction hole from entering the air layer, the structure of the support frame becomes complicated, and there is a problem that the mass productivity and the space saving are lacking. It was.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is possible to improve heat insulation and heat retention by forming a heat pipe or a sealed fluid layer inside the double window structure. By heating or cooling the inside, air conditioning can be supplementarily performed, reducing the cost of air conditioning, which is excellent in energy saving and practicality, and can reliably prevent dew condensation in winter, and can be saved with a simple structure. The object is to provide a window with excellent space and mass productivity.

In order to solve the above problems, the window of the present invention has the following configuration.
The window according to claim 1 of the present invention includes an indoor plate, an outdoor plate spaced apart from the indoor plate, and a decompression layer formed sealed between the indoor plate and the outdoor plate. And a hydraulic fluid sealed inside the decompression layer, a window body, the window body, a window frame in which the window body is disposed, and a wall in which the window frame is disposed And a hydraulic fluid heating unit that heats the hydraulic fluid and / or a hydraulic fluid cooling unit that cools the hydraulic fluid.
This configuration has the following effects.
(1) Since the window main body has a double window structure having an indoor plate and an outdoor plate arranged to face each other via a decompression layer, the indoor heat insulation and heat retention are excellent.
(2) Since the hydraulic fluid is enclosed in the decompression layer of the window body, the window body is heated or heated by the heat pipe action by heating or cooling the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic fluid heating section or the hydraulic fluid cooling section. It can be cooled, and auxiliary air conditioning can be performed.
(3) A hermetic pressure reduction layer is formed between the indoor plate and the outdoor plate, and the hydraulic fluid can be heated by the hydraulic fluid heating unit to warm the indoor plate, so that the temperature of the outside air is kept on the indoor plate. The temperature difference between the outdoor side surface of the indoor plate and the indoor side surface can be reduced during indoor heating in winter, and the occurrence of condensation on the indoor side surface of the indoor plate can be prevented.
(4) In the decompression layer formed between the indoor plate and the outdoor plate, the amount of water vapor that causes condensation is small, and the hydraulic fluid can be heated by the hydraulic fluid heating unit to warm the outdoor plate. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of condensation on the indoor side surface of the outdoor plate during indoor heating in winter.

Here, as a material of the indoor plate and the outdoor plate, a synthetic resin such as methacrylic resin is preferably used in addition to glass. The indoor plate and the outdoor plate may be transparent or translucent, and may be colorless or colored.
At least the outer periphery of the reduced pressure layer of the window body is sealed with packing. As a material for the packing, synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, or the like is preferably used. A window part main body is attached to the window frame part arrange | positioned at the wall part of buildings, such as a house and a building. The window portion main body may be fixed to the window frame portion, or may be slidably or pivotably disposed so as to be opened and closed. By arranging the sash on the outer periphery of the window body, the indoor plate and the outdoor plate can be protected, and the window frame can be easily fixed and opened / closed. The indoor plate and the outdoor plate can be fixed to the sash with the above-described packing or the like.
Any hydraulic fluid may be used as long as it undergoes a phase change from gas to liquid due to a temperature difference, and alcohol such as conventionally used pure water or propylene glycol is preferably used. In the case where the hydraulic fluid is a liquid having a large surface tension such as pure water, a surfactant may be added. Thereby, like alcohol etc., the wetting angle on the surface of an indoor board and an outdoor board can be made small, and since a working fluid spreads like a film, dripping does not stand out and it is excellent in visibility from a window part main part. The same effect can be obtained when a hydrophilic treatment is applied to the outdoor side surface of the indoor plate or the indoor side surface of the outdoor plate instead of adding the surfactant to the working fluid.

As the hydraulic fluid heating unit, an electric heater such as a sheathed heater that performs heating with a heating wire such as a nichrome wire, a hot water pipe, a heat pipe, or the like is preferably used. In addition, the position where the hydraulic fluid heating unit is disposed is preferably the lower end side of the window body. This is for efficiently heating the working fluid accumulated on the lower end side of the decompression layer.
As the hydraulic fluid cooling unit, a Peltier element, cold water piping, heat pipe, or the like is preferably used. Moreover, as an arrangement position of the hydraulic fluid cooling unit, the upper end side of the window body is preferable. This is because the vaporized hydraulic fluid is efficiently cooled and liquefied. In addition, when using a Peltier element, it is preferable to provide the ventilation hole opened outdoors on the wall part etc. which arrange | position a window, and to discharge | release the waste heat of a Peltier element to the outdoors. Further, by disposing a fan, heat can be efficiently radiated in a short time, and the utility is excellent. The Peltier element can also be used as a hydraulic fluid heating unit with the heat absorption surface and the exhaust heat surface reversed.

When installing the hydraulic fluid heating unit or hydraulic fluid cooling unit in the window body, embed the hydraulic fluid heating unit or hydraulic fluid cooling unit in the packing of the decompression layer so that it is in direct contact with the hydraulic fluid. Can do. In addition, a heat transfer plate made of metal such as aluminum, stainless steel, copper, etc. is embedded in the packing so as to contact the hydraulic fluid, and a hydraulic fluid heating unit or a hydraulic fluid cooling unit is provided indirectly so as to contact the heat transfer plate. Alternatively, the hydraulic fluid may be heated or cooled. When the hydraulic fluid heating unit and hydraulic fluid cooling unit are arranged via a heat transfer plate, the hydraulic fluid heating unit and hydraulic fluid cooling unit can be attached and detached while ensuring the sealed state of the decompression layer. Etc. and easy to maintain. In particular, when the hydraulic fluid heating unit or hydraulic fluid cooling unit is installed on the window frame or wall, the hydraulic fluid heating unit or hydraulic fluid cooling unit and the heat transfer plate are in contact with each other when the window body is closed. If it does so, a hydraulic fluid can be heated or cooled via a heat transfer board, and it is excellent in practicality. The heating and cooling temperatures by the hydraulic fluid heating unit and the hydraulic fluid cooling unit can be appropriately selected according to the outside air and the room temperature.
The hydraulic fluid heating unit and the hydraulic fluid cooling unit may be driven manually, or may be automatically driven in conjunction with a timer, a dew condensation sensor, a temperature sensor, or the like.

The window according to claim 2 is a fluid formed by sealing a fluid between an indoor plate, an outdoor plate that is spaced from and opposed to the indoor plate, and the indoor plate and the outdoor plate. A window body having a layer, the window body, a window frame in which the window body is disposed, and a wall in which the window frame is disposed, and the fluid It has the structure provided with at least any one of the fluid heating part which heats, or the fluid cooling part which cools the said fluid.
This configuration has the following effects.
(1) Since the fluid in the fluid layer formed on the window body can be heated or cooled by the fluid heating unit or the fluid cooling unit, the window body can be heated or cooled by the convection of the fluid. Air conditioning can be performed.
(2) Since a sealed fluid layer is formed between the indoor plate and the outdoor plate, and the fluid can be heated by the fluid heating unit to warm the indoor plate, the temperature of the outside air is hardly transmitted to the indoor plate. During the indoor heating in winter, the temperature difference between the outdoor side surface and the indoor side surface of the indoor plate can be reduced, and the occurrence of condensation on the indoor side surface of the indoor plate can be prevented.
(3) Since the fluid heating part can heat the fluid in the fluid layer to warm the outdoor plate, it is not easily affected by the temperature of the outside air, and even when the fluid is a gas, the indoor side of the outdoor plate during indoor heating in winter It is possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of condensation on the surface.

Here, the structure of the window body is the same as that of claim 1 except that a fluid layer is formed instead of the decompression layer. The fluid sealed between the indoor plate and the outdoor plate may be gas or liquid. As the gas, air, nitrogen or the like is preferably used. As the liquid, water, oil such as silicone oil, and antifreeze liquid are preferably used. In the case of a liquid, it can be colored in a desired color according to the indoor color pattern and the like, and is excellent in decoration.
As the fluid heating unit and the fluid cooling unit, those similar to the hydraulic fluid heating unit and the hydraulic fluid cooling unit can be preferably used, respectively. The fluid heating unit and the fluid cooling unit can be driven manually or automatically in the same manner as the hydraulic fluid heating unit and the hydraulic fluid cooling unit, and the heating and cooling temperatures are appropriately selected according to the outside air and the room temperature. be able to.
In addition, when enclosing gas in a fluid layer, it is preferable to arrange | position a safety valve or to reduce pressure. Since volume expansion due to temperature change can be reduced, deformation and breakage of the window main body can be prevented, and the reliability is excellent.

Invention of Claim 3 is the window of Claim 2, Comprising: It replaces with the said fluid heating part or the said fluid cooling part, The heating fluid circulation part which circulates a heating fluid between the said fluid layers, or It has the structure provided with at least any one of the cooling fluid circulation part which circulates a cooling fluid between the said fluid layers.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the second aspect, the following operation is provided.
(1) Instead of the fluid heating part or the fluid cooling part, by having the heating fluid circulation part or the cooling fluid circulation part, it is possible to circulate the heating fluid or the cooling fluid between the fluid layers, so in a short time The window body can be heated or cooled, and the efficiency of air conditioning is excellent.
(2) Since the heating fluid circulation section can supply and circulate the heating fluid between the indoor plate and the outdoor plate to warm the indoor plate and the outdoor plate, it is difficult for the temperature of the outside air to be transmitted to the indoor plate. During indoor heating, the temperature difference between the outdoor side surface and the indoor side surface of the indoor plate can be reduced, and the occurrence of condensation on the indoor side surface of the indoor plate can be prevented.
(3) Since the heating fluid can be circulated by the heating fluid circulation section to warm the outdoor plate, it is not easily affected by the temperature of the outside air, and even when the fluid is a gas, the indoor side surface of the outdoor plate during indoor heating in winter It is possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of dew condensation.

  Here, the heating fluid circulation unit and the cooling fluid circulation unit include a fluid supply unit for supplying heating fluid and cooling fluid to the fluid layer, and a fluid recovery unit for recovering fluid from the fluid layer. The opening end of the fluid supply unit or the fluid recovery unit may pass through the packing, or a supply port or discharge port that penetrates the packing and communicates with the fluid layer through the window frame or sash is embedded in the fluid supply unit or You may make it connect with the opening end of a fluid collection | recovery part so that attachment or detachment is possible. When the supply port or discharge port is connected to the fluid supply unit or fluid recovery unit by providing an open / close unit such as a check valve that is opened when the window body is closed, the fluid layer The heating fluid or the cooling fluid can be reliably circulated between them, and a sealed state can be secured. Since the heating fluid or the cooling fluid can be circulated, the fluid can be surely replaced, the volume expansion of the fluid layer does not occur, and the reliability is excellent. In addition, when a check valve that closes the ends of the supply port and the discharge port when the window body is opened is provided, the heating fluid or the cooling fluid can be prevented from leaking and the reliability is excellent.

By providing the above-described fluid heating unit and / or fluid cooling unit between the fluid supply unit and the fluid discharge unit, the fluid can be heated or cooled. In addition, when the fluid is a gas, it is preferable to dehumidify the gas. This is because the generation of condensation can be effectively prevented by reducing the amount of water vapor contained in the gas. In addition, the heating fluid circulation unit and the cooling fluid circulation unit may share the same path, or may separately provide another path.
The heating fluid and the cooling fluid circulated by the heating fluid circulation unit and the cooling fluid circulation unit are preferably the same as the fluid initially sealed in the fluid layer. This is to prevent mixing of different fluids.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is the window according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the window body is spaced from the outdoor plate and opposed to the outside of the outdoor plate. And an external vacuum layer formed by sealing between the outdoor plate and the external auxiliary plate, or an external gas layer in which gas is sealed.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of any one of claims 1 to 3, the following operation is provided.
(1) Since the window main body has a triple window structure having an external auxiliary plate disposed opposite to the outside of the outdoor plate via an external vacuum layer or an external gas layer, it is possible to further improve the heat insulation and heat retention in the room. it can.
(2) In the case of having an external vacuum layer, it is particularly excellent in heat insulation, so that the air conditioning performance by the window body can be improved and the energy saving property is excellent. (3) The external vacuum layer or the external gas layer is placed outside the outdoor plate. By installing an external auxiliary plate, it is difficult for the temperature of the outside air to be transmitted to the outdoor plate and the indoor plate, and it is effective to generate condensation on the indoor side surface of the indoor plate and the indoor side surface of the outdoor plate during winter indoor heating. Can be prevented.

Here, as an external auxiliary | assistant board, the thing similar to the above-mentioned indoor board and an outdoor board is used suitably. Further, the outer peripheries of the external vacuum layer and the external gas layer are sealed with the same packing as the above-described decompression layer.
As the gas sealed in the external gas layer, an inert gas such as argon, krypton, or xenon is preferably used in addition to air and nitrogen. In the case of air, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of condensation in the external gas layer by enclosing dry air dehumidified in advance. In addition, when an inert gas with low thermal conductivity and high viscosity is used, heat loss due to thermal conduction and convection can be reduced, and heat insulation is excellent. The external gas layer is preferably decompressed or provided with a safety valve. Since volume expansion due to temperature change can be reduced, deformation and breakage of the window main body can be prevented, and the reliability is excellent.

The invention according to claim 5 is the window according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the outdoor surface of the indoor plate and the outdoor plate are provided in the decompression layer or the fluid layer. It has the structure provided with the space | interval holding member contact | abutted to the indoor side surface.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of any one of claims 1 to 4, the following operation is provided.
(1) In the decompression layer or the fluid layer, the width of the decompression layer or the fluid layer can be kept constant by providing a spacing member that abuts against the outdoor surface of the indoor plate and the indoor surface of the outdoor plate. The deformation and breakage of the indoor plate and the outdoor plate can be prevented.

Here, as the shape of the spacing member, a polygonal column shape such as a substantially cylindrical shape, a substantially triangular prism shape, a substantially quadrangular prism shape, a polygonal cone shape such as a substantially conical shape, a substantially triangular pyramid shape, a substantially quadrangular pyramid shape, a substantially hemispherical shape, etc. It can be formed in the shape of a protrusion. By arranging the spacing members at equal intervals or unequal intervals vertically and interspersed at important points, the width of the decompression layer or the fluid layer can be reliably maintained without hindering the movement of the hydraulic fluid or fluid. . In particular, when the area of the window main body is large, the durability can be improved by providing the interval holding member.
As the material of the spacing member, synthetic rubber, synthetic resin such as PE, PET, silicone resin, fluorine resin, or the like is preferably used.

Invention of Claim 6 is the window of Claim 4 or 5, Comprising: In the said external vacuum layer or the said external gas layer, the outdoor side surface of the said outdoor plate, and the indoor side surface of the said external auxiliary plate It has the structure provided with the space | interval holding member which contact | abuts.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the fourth or fifth aspect, the following operation is provided.
(1) In the external vacuum layer or the external gas layer, the width of the external vacuum layer or the external gas layer is made constant by providing a spacing member that contacts the outdoor surface of the outdoor plate and the indoor surface of the external auxiliary plate. It can be maintained, and deformation and breakage of the outdoor plate and the external auxiliary plate can be prevented.
Here, the shape and material of the spacing member are the same as those described in claim 5.

A seventh aspect of the present invention is the window according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the hydraulic fluid heating section, the hydraulic fluid cooling section, and the fluid when the window main body is closed. It has the structure provided with the drive switching mechanism which drives a heating part, the said fluid cooling part, the said heating fluid circulation part, and the said cooling fluid circulation part.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of any one of claims 1 to 6, the following operation is provided.
(1) Since it has a drive switching mechanism that drives the hydraulic fluid heating section, hydraulic fluid cooling section, fluid heating section, fluid cooling section, heating fluid circulation section, and cooling fluid circulation section when the window body is closed, The window body can be efficiently heated or cooled by driving each part only when it is closed, saving energy without unnecessary heating or cooling when opening the window body and taking outside air into the room. Excellent in properties.

  Here, the drive switching mechanism may be any mechanism that can switch driving ON and OFF in conjunction with the closing and opening of the window body. For example, when the power supply unit is embedded in the window frame or wall and the window main unit is closed, the terminals of each unit come into contact with the power supply unit and the power is supplied. A device in which each switch is pressed and each part is driven is preferably used.

As described above, according to the window of the present invention, the following advantageous effects can be obtained.
According to invention of Claim 1, it has the following effects.
(1) The hydraulic fluid encapsulated in the decompression layer can be heated or cooled by the hydraulic fluid heating unit or the hydraulic fluid cooling unit, and the window body can be heated or cooled by the heat pipe action to perform auxiliary cooling and heating. A window excellent in practicality and functionality can be provided.
(2) Since the hydraulic fluid enclosed in the decompression layer can be heated by the hydraulic fluid heating section to warm the indoor plate and the outdoor plate, it is not easily affected by the temperature of the outside air. It is possible to provide a highly reliable window capable of reliably preventing the occurrence of condensation on the indoor side surface and the indoor side surface of the outdoor plate.

According to invention of Claim 2, it has the following effects.
(1) By heating or cooling the fluid in the fluid layer formed on the window body by the fluid heating unit or the fluid cooling unit, the window body is heated or cooled by convection of the fluid, and auxiliary cooling and heating are performed. It is possible to provide a window with excellent practicality and functionality.
(2) Since the fluid heating unit can heat the fluid in the fluid layer to warm the indoor plate and the outdoor plate, it is not easily affected by the temperature of the outside air, and the indoor side surface of the indoor plate during indoor heating in winter It is possible to provide a highly reliable window capable of reliably preventing the occurrence of condensation on the indoor side surface of the outdoor plate.

According to invention of Claim 3, in addition to the effect of Claim 2, it has the following effects.
(1) The heating fluid circulation part or the cooling fluid circulation part circulates the heating fluid or the cooling fluid between the fluid layers, so that the efficiency of the cooling and heating that can heat or cool the window body in a short time is excellent. Window can be provided.
(2) Since the heating fluid circulation section can supply and circulate the heating fluid between the indoor plate and the outdoor plate to warm the indoor plate and the outdoor plate, it is hardly affected by the temperature of the outside air. It is possible to provide a highly reliable window capable of reliably preventing the occurrence of condensation on the indoor side surface of the indoor plate and the indoor side surface of the outdoor plate during heating.

According to invention of Claim 4, in addition to the effect of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3, it has the following effects.
(1) Since the window main body has a triple window structure, it is possible to further improve the heat insulation and heat retention in the room, and to improve the cooling / heating performance by the window main body, and to improve the energy saving performance. Can be provided.
(2) By arranging an external auxiliary plate on the outside of the outdoor plate via an external vacuum layer or an external gas layer, it is difficult for the temperature of the outside air to be transmitted to the outdoor plate or the indoor plate. A highly reliable window capable of effectively preventing the occurrence of condensation on the indoor side surface and the indoor side surface of the outdoor plate can be provided.

According to invention of Claim 5, in addition to the effect of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4, it has the following effects.
(1) The width of the decompression layer or the fluid layer formed between the indoor plate and the outdoor plate can be kept constant by the spacing member that contacts the outdoor surface of the indoor plate and the indoor surface of the outdoor plate. A window excellent in reliability and safety that can prevent deformation and breakage of the indoor plate and the outdoor plate can be provided.

According to invention of Claim 6, in addition to the effect of Claim 4 or 5, it has the following effects.
(1) The width of the external vacuum layer or the external gas layer formed between the outdoor plate and the external auxiliary plate is made constant by the spacing member that contacts the outdoor surface of the outdoor plate and the indoor side surface of the external auxiliary plate. Thus, it is possible to provide a window with excellent reliability and safety that can prevent the deformation and breakage of the outdoor plate and the external auxiliary plate.

According to invention of Claim 7, in addition to the effect of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6, it has the following effects.
(1) The drive switching mechanism drives the hydraulic fluid heating section, hydraulic fluid cooling section, fluid heating section, fluid cooling section, heating fluid circulation section, and cooling fluid circulation section only when the window body is closed to It is possible to provide a window that can be efficiently heated or cooled, and that is excellent in energy saving and that does not perform wasteful heating or cooling when the window body is opened to take outside air into the room.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side view of an essential part showing a window in the first embodiment.
In FIG. 1, 1 is the window in the first embodiment, 3 is the window body of the window 1 disposed on the window frame 2, 4 is disposed on the outer periphery of the window body 3, and the window body 3 is attached to the window frame 2. The sash 5 is held on the inner periphery of the sash 4 and is made of a synthetic rubber or synthetic resin packing, and 6 is made of a synthetic resin such as glass or methacrylic resin and fixed to the sash 4 by the packing 5. An indoor plate, 6a is an indoor surface of the indoor plate 6, 6b is an outdoor surface of the indoor plate 6, 7 is formed of a synthetic resin such as glass or methacrylic resin, and is disposed facing and spaced from the indoor plate 6 by a packing 5. The outdoor plate fixed to 4, 7 a is the indoor surface of the outdoor plate 7, 7 b is the outdoor surface of the outdoor plate 7, and 8 is sealed between the indoor plate 6 and the outdoor plate 7 with a packing 5. The decompression layer 9 is a working fluid such as pure water or alcohol enclosed in the decompression layer 8. A hydraulic fluid heating unit using a sheathed heater embedded in the sash 4 and packing 5 at the lower end side of the main body 3 and heated by a heating wire 10a such as a nichrome wire, 11 is a synthetic rubber, PE, PET, silicone resin, fluorine resin It is a spacing member that is formed in a substantially hemispherical shape with a synthetic resin or the like and is scattered in contact with the outdoor side surface 6 b of the indoor plate 6 and the indoor side surface 7 a of the outdoor plate 7 in the vacuum layer 8.
The window 1 is an openable / closable sliding window in which two window main bodies 3 are slidably arranged in the left-right direction with respect to the window frame portion 2, but for convenience of explanation, one window main body is provided. 3 and the corresponding window frame 2 are shown.

Since the sash 4 is disposed on the outer periphery of the window body 3, the outer periphery of the indoor plate 6 and the outdoor plate 7 is protected and the window frame portion 2 is easily opened and closed. Note that the window body 3 may be rotatable with respect to the window frame 2 to be an opening window or a protruding window. Further, when it is not necessary to open and close the window body 3, it may be fixed to the window frame portion 2 to be a fitting window.
The indoor plate 6 and the outdoor plate 7 may be transparent or translucent, and may be colorless or colored.
The hydraulic fluid 9 may be any fluid that changes phase from gas to liquid depending on the temperature difference. When the working fluid 9 is a liquid having a large surface tension such as pure water, a surfactant may be added. As a result, the wetting angle on the surfaces of the indoor plate 6 and the outdoor plate 7 can be reduced as in the case of alcohol and the like, and since the working fluid 9 spreads in a film shape, the dripping is not conspicuous and the visibility from the window body 3 is visible. Excellent. Further, the same effect can be obtained when a hydrophilic treatment is applied to the outdoor side surface 6b of the indoor plate 6 and the indoor side surface 7a of the outdoor plate 7 instead of adding the surfactant to the hydraulic fluid 9.

The hydraulic fluid heating unit 10 was disposed on the lower end side of the window body 3. Thereby, the working fluid 9 collected on the lower end side of the decompression layer 8 can be efficiently heated. The hydraulic fluid heating unit 10 may be anything that can heat the hydraulic fluid 9, and a hot water pipe, a heat pipe, or the like can be suitably used in addition to the electric heater.
The hydraulic fluid heating unit 10 may be disposed so as to be in direct contact with the hydraulic fluid 9 as in the present embodiment, but is disposed via a heat transfer plate made of metal such as aluminum, stainless steel, or copper. May be. Since the hydraulic fluid heating unit 10 can be attached and detached while the sealed state of the decompression layer 8 is secured by the packing 5 and the heat transfer plate, inspection, replacement, etc. are easy and excellent maintainability.
The interval holding members 11 are arranged at equal intervals or unequal intervals in the vertical and horizontal directions and are scattered at important points. Thereby, the width | variety of the decompression layer 8 can be maintained reliably, without preventing the movement of the hydraulic fluid 9. FIG. Moreover, the deformation | transformation and damage of the indoor board 6 and the outdoor board 7 can be prevented, and it is excellent in reliability.
In the present embodiment, the spacing member 11 is formed in a substantially semi-spherical shape, but may be a substantially cylindrical shape, a substantially triangular prism shape, a polygonal column shape such as a substantially quadrangular prism shape, a substantially conical shape, a substantially triangular pyramid shape, a substantially quadrangular pyramid shape, or the like. It can be formed in various shapes such as a polygonal pyramid.

Next, a drive switching mechanism that switches the drive of the hydraulic fluid heating unit will be described.
FIG. 2 is a cutaway front view of the main part showing the window drive switching mechanism in the first embodiment.
In FIG. 2, reference numeral 12 denotes a wall portion on which the window 1 is attached in which two window main bodies 3 are freely opened and closed on the window frame portion 2, and 13 denotes a terminal 10 b of the hydraulic fluid heating portion 10 embedded in the wall portion 12. This is a drive switching mechanism that supplies power to the hydraulic fluid heating unit 10 by contacting the power supply unit 14.
Electric power can be supplied to the hydraulic fluid heating unit 10 only when the window body 3 is closed, and the window body 3 can be efficiently heated. In addition to this, any drive switching mechanism 13 may be used as long as it can switch driving ON and OFF in conjunction with the closing and opening of the window body 3, and the push button type when the window body 3 is closed. The hydraulic fluid heating unit 10 may be driven by pressing the switch.
The hydraulic fluid heating unit 10 may be driven manually, or may be automatically driven in conjunction with a timer, a dew condensation sensor, or the like.

The operation of the window according to the first embodiment configured as described above will be described.
In FIG. 1, the hydraulic fluid 9 enclosed in the decompression layer 8 is heated and vaporized by the hydraulic fluid heating unit 10. The window part main body 3 is warmed by the heat pipe action by the hydraulic fluid 9, and can perform auxiliary heating. Further, since the window body 3 is warmed, it is hardly affected by the temperature of the outside air, and the occurrence of condensation on the indoor side surface 6a of the indoor plate 6 and the indoor side surface 7a of the outdoor plate 7 is prevented during indoor heating in winter. be able to.
In the present embodiment, the hydraulic fluid heating unit 10 is embedded in the sash 4 and the packing 5 and disposed on the lower end side of the window body 3, but may be disposed on the window frame 2 and the wall 12. When the hydraulic fluid heating unit 10 is disposed on the wall 12, when the window main body 3 is closed, the hydraulic fluid heating is performed from the lower end side or one side of the window main body 3 through the heat transfer plate. The hydraulic fluid 9 can be heated by the part 10.
Further, in the present embodiment, only the hydraulic fluid heating unit 10 is disposed, but a hydraulic fluid cooling unit using a Peltier element, a cold water pipe, a heat pipe, or the like may be disposed. The upper end side of the window body 3 is preferable as the arrangement position of the hydraulic fluid cooling unit. This is because the vaporized working fluid 9 is efficiently cooled and liquefied. When the hydraulic fluid cooling unit is provided, the window body 3 can be cooled, and can be used as auxiliary cooling in summer. When a Peltier element is used as the hydraulic fluid cooling unit, it is preferable to provide a vent hole that opens to the wall 12 or the like in which the window 1 is disposed to release the exhaust heat of the Peltier element to the outdoors. In addition, when an air cooling fan is provided, heat can be radiated efficiently in a short time, and the utility is excellent. Further, the Peltier element can be used as a hydraulic fluid heating unit with the heat absorption surface and the exhaust heat surface reversed.

As described above, the window according to Embodiment 1 has the following effects.
(1) Since the window main body 3 has a double window structure having an indoor plate 6 and an outdoor plate 7 that are opposed to each other with the decompression layer 8 interposed therebetween, it is excellent in indoor heat insulation and heat retention.
(2) Since the hydraulic fluid 9 is enclosed in the decompression layer 8 of the window main body 3, the hydraulic fluid heating unit 10 heats the hydraulic fluid 9 so that the window main body 3 can be moved in a short time by the heat pipe action. It can be heated and auxiliary heating can be performed.
(3) Since the hermetic pressure reducing layer 8 is formed between the indoor plate 6 and the outdoor plate 7 and the working fluid 9 can be heated by the working fluid heating unit 10 to warm the indoor plate 6, the outside air The temperature of the indoor plate 6 is difficult to be transmitted to the indoor plate 6, and the temperature difference between the outdoor surface 6 b and the indoor surface 6 a of the indoor plate 6 can be reduced during indoor heating in winter. Can be prevented.
(4) The decompression layer 8 formed between the indoor plate 6 and the outdoor plate 7 has a small amount of water vapor that causes condensation, and the hydraulic fluid heating unit 10 heats the hydraulic fluid 9 to warm the outdoor plate 7. Therefore, it is difficult to be influenced by the temperature of the outside air, and it is possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of condensation on the indoor side surface 7a of the outdoor plate 7 during indoor heating in winter.
(5) By disposing the hydraulic fluid heating unit 10 on the lower end side of the window body 3, the hydraulic fluid 9 accumulated on the lower end side of the decompression layer 8 can be efficiently heated.
(6) By providing the interval holding member 11 in contact with the outdoor side surface 6b of the indoor plate 6 and the indoor side surface 7a of the outdoor plate 7 in the reduced pressure layer 8, the width of the reduced pressure layer 8 can be kept constant. The deformation and breakage of the indoor plate 6 and the outdoor plate 7 can be prevented.
(7) The width of the decompression layer 8 can be reliably maintained without hindering the movement of the hydraulic fluid 9 by arranging the spacing members 11 vertically and horizontally at regular intervals or at irregular intervals and interspersing them at important points. it can. In particular, when the area of the window body 3 is large, it is possible to prevent deformation and breakage of the indoor plate 6 and the outdoor plate 7 by providing the interval holding member 11.
(8) Since the drive switching mechanism 13 that drives the hydraulic fluid heating unit 10 when the window main body 3 is closed is provided, the hydraulic fluid heating unit 10 is driven only when the window main body 3 is closed so that the window main body 3 can be efficiently used. The window portion body 3 is opened and the outside air is taken into the room, so that unnecessary heating is not performed and the energy saving property is excellent.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional side view of the main part showing the window in the second embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a cutaway front view of the main part showing the window in the second embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the thing similar to Embodiment 1, and description is abbreviate | omitted.
3 and 4, the window 1 a in the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the window body 3 a is sealed with a packing 5 between the indoor plate 6 and the outdoor plate 7 instead of the decompression layer 8. An external auxiliary plate 15 is disposed outside the outdoor plate 7 so as to be separated from the outdoor plate 7 and between the outdoor plate 7 and the external auxiliary plate 15. The point which has the external vacuum layer 16 sealed and formed with the packing 5, and the space | interval holding member 17 which contact | abuts the outdoor side surface 7b of the outdoor board 7 and the indoor side surface 15a of the external auxiliary board 15 in the external vacuum layer 16 are provided. And a heating fluid circulation section 20 that circulates a heating fluid between the fluid layer 8a and embedded in the wall section 12 instead of the hydraulic fluid heating section 10.
Incidentally, 15b is the outdoor surface of the external auxiliary plate 15, 21 is a fluid heating part of the heating fluid circulation part 20, 21a is disposed in the fluid supply part 22 described later, and the fluid supply part 22 is closed when the window body 3a is opened. A leakage prevention valve such as an electromagnetic valve for preventing leakage of the heated fluid, 22 is a fluid supply unit that is connected to the fluid heating unit 21 and supplies the heated fluid heated by the fluid heating unit 21 to the fluid layer 8a, and 23 is a fluid. A fluid recovery unit that is connected to the heating unit 21 and recovers fluid from the fluid layer 8a, and 24 is a supply port that is embedded in the lower portion of the sash 4 and penetrates the packing 5 to connect the fluid layer 8a and the open end 22a of the fluid supply unit 22 24a is an opening / closing part such as a check valve which is disposed at the end of the supply port 24 and opens the supply port 24 when the window body 3a is closed, and 25 is embedded in the upper part of the sash 4 and penetrates the packing 5 to make fluid flow. Open end of the layer 8a and the fluid recovery part 23 Outlet connecting 3a, 25a is a switching unit such as a check valve to open the discharge port 25 when closed to be disposed at an end of the discharge outlet 25 windows body 3a.

As the fluid sealed in the fluid layer 8a, a gas such as air or nitrogen, or a liquid such as water, oil or antifreeze was used. In the case of enclosing gas, a safety valve (not shown) was disposed or pressure was reduced to reduce volume expansion due to temperature change, thereby preventing deformation and breakage of the window body 3a. In addition, when gas is dehumidified and the amount of water vapor | steam is reduced, generation | occurrence | production of dew condensation can be prevented effectively. In the case of a liquid, it can be colored in a desired color according to the indoor color pattern and the like, and is excellent in decoration.
By arranging the external auxiliary plate 15 oppositely through the external vacuum layer 16 on the outside of the outdoor plate 7, the window body 3a can have a triple window structure, further improving the heat insulation and heat retention in the room. Yes. The spacing member 17 is formed in the same manner as the spacing member 11.
By providing the fluid supply part 22 with a leakage prevention valve 21a and closing the fluid supply part 22 when the window body 3a is opened, the leakage of the heated fluid can be reliably prevented and the reliability is excellent. Further, by providing the supply port 24 and the discharge port 25 with opening / closing portions 24a, 25a such as check valves, the window body 3a is closed, and the fluid supply unit 22, the fluid recovery unit 23, the supply port 24, and the discharge port 25 are provided. When connected, the heated fluid is reliably circulated between the fluid layer 8a and the heated fluid circulation unit 20, and the sealed state of the fluid layer 8a is secured. When a check valve that closes the ends of the supply port 24 and the discharge port 25 when the window body 3a is opened is provided, leakage of the heating fluid or cooling fluid can be prevented, and the reliability is excellent.
The heating fluid supplied from the heating fluid supply unit 20 was the same as the fluid initially sealed in the fluid layer 8a. As a result, mixing of different fluids can be prevented, and the reliability is excellent.

The operation of the window in the second embodiment configured as described above is different from that in the first embodiment in that, instead of heating the hydraulic fluid 9 by the hydraulic fluid heating unit 10, the heated fluid is forcibly placed inside the fluid layer 8a. Is to supply and circulate. Thereby, the window part main body 3a can be heated in a short time.
As the fluid heating unit 21, an electric heater such as a sheathed heater similar to the hydraulic fluid heating unit 10 was used. Further, in addition to the heating fluid circulating unit 20, a cooling fluid circulating unit may be provided. At this time, the cooling fluid circulation unit may be provided with another route independently from the heating fluid circulation unit 20, or may share the same route. When sharing the path of the heating fluid circulation unit 20 and the cooling fluid circulation unit, the fluid heating unit 21 and the fluid cooling unit are arranged in parallel between the fluid supply unit 22 and the fluid recovery unit 23, and either one is selected. It is only necessary to drive automatically.
By disposing the cooling fluid circulation section, the window body 3a can be cooled and can be used as auxiliary cooling in the summer. Cooling can be efficiently performed by circulating the fluid in the opposite direction to that during heating during cooling.
Instead of the external vacuum layer 16, an external gas layer in which a gas such as air, nitrogen, or an inert gas is enclosed may be formed. Although it is inferior to the external vacuum layer 16, it can improve heat insulation and heat retention compared with the double window structure of the first embodiment. In particular, when an inert gas is used, heat loss due to heat conduction and convection can be reduced and heat insulation is excellent. Moreover, when forming an external gas layer, volume expansion due to temperature change was reduced by reducing the pressure, and deformation and breakage of the window body 3a were prevented.

As described above, the window according to the second embodiment has the following effects.
(1) By having the heating fluid circulation part 20, the heating fluid can be forcibly supplied and circulated inside the fluid layer 8a, so that the window body 3a can be heated in a short time, Excellent efficiency.
(2) Since the heating fluid circulation unit 20 can supply and circulate the heating fluid between the indoor plate 6 and the outdoor plate 7 to warm the indoor plate 6, the temperature of the outside air is not easily transmitted to the indoor plate 6. During indoor heating in winter, the temperature difference between the outdoor surface 6b and the indoor surface 6a of the indoor plate 6 can be reduced, and the occurrence of condensation on the indoor surface 6a of the indoor plate 6 can be prevented.
(3) Since the heating fluid circulation unit 20 can circulate the heating fluid to warm the outdoor plate 7, it is not easily affected by the temperature of the outside air, and condensation on the indoor-side surface 7a of the outdoor plate 7 during indoor heating in winter Can be reliably prevented.
(4) The supply port 24 connecting the fluid supply unit 22 of the heated fluid circulation unit 20 and the inside of the fluid layer 8a is opened when the window body 3a is closed, and the opening end 22a of the fluid supply unit 22 and the supply port 24 are connected. By providing the opening / closing part 24a such as a check valve, the heating fluid can be reliably supplied to the inside of the fluid layer 8a and the sealed state of the fluid layer 8a can be secured.
(5) The discharge port 25 connecting the fluid recovery unit 23 of the heated fluid circulation unit 20 and the inside of the fluid layer 8a is opened when the window body 3a is closed, and the open end 23a of the fluid recovery unit 23 and the discharge port 25 are connected. By providing the opening / closing part 25a such as a check valve, when the fluid recovery part 23 and the discharge port 25 are connected, the fluid can be reliably recovered from the inside of the fluid layer 8a, and the fluid layer 8a A sealed state can be secured.
(6) Since the window main body 3a has a triple window structure having the external auxiliary plate 15 disposed opposite to the outside of the outdoor plate 7 via the external vacuum layer 16, it is possible to further improve the heat insulation and heat retention in the room. it can.
(7) By having the external vacuum layer 16, the air conditioning performance by the window body 3 a can be improved and the energy saving is excellent. (8) The external auxiliary plate 15 is disposed outside the outdoor plate 7 via the external vacuum layer 16. By arranging, it is difficult for the temperature of the outside air to be transmitted to the outdoor plate 7 and the indoor plate 6, and it is effective to generate condensation on the indoor side surface 6 a of the indoor plate 6 and the indoor side surface 7 a of the outdoor plate 7 during indoor heating in winter. Can be prevented.
(9) In the fluid layer 8a, the width of the fluid layer 8a can be kept constant by providing the spacing member 11 that contacts the outdoor surface 6b of the indoor plate 6 and the indoor surface 7a of the outdoor plate 7. The deformation and breakage of the indoor plate 6 and the outdoor plate 7 can be prevented.
(10) Within the external vacuum layer 16, by providing the interval holding member 17 that contacts the outdoor surface 7 b of the outdoor plate 7 and the indoor surface 15 a of the external auxiliary plate 15, the width of the external vacuum layer 16 is kept constant. Therefore, deformation and breakage of the outdoor plate 7 and the external auxiliary plate 15 can be prevented.

  The present invention can improve heat insulation and heat retention by forming a heat pipe or a sealed fluid layer on the inside of the double window structure, and heating or cooling the inside of the double window structure. As a result, it is possible to perform air conditioning with supplementary air conditioning, reducing the cost of air conditioning, which is excellent in energy saving and practicality, and can surely prevent dew condensation in the winter, with a simple structure for space saving and mass productivity. An excellent window can be provided, and it can be suitably used as a window for general houses, factories, high-rise buildings, various facilities, and the like.

Cross-sectional side view of the main part showing the window in the first embodiment The principal part fracture | rupture front view which shows the drive switching mechanism of the window in Embodiment 1 Cross-sectional side view of a main part showing a window in the second embodiment The principal part fracture | rupture front view which shows the window in Embodiment 2

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a Window 2 Window frame part 3, 3a Window part main body 4 Sash 5 Packing 6 Indoor plate 6a, 7a, 15a Indoor side surface 6b, 7b, 15b Outdoor side surface 7 Outdoor plate 8 Decompression layer 8a Fluid layer 9 Hydraulic fluid 10 Hydraulic fluid heating unit 10a Heating wire 10b Terminals 11, 17 Spacing member 12 Wall 13 Drive switching mechanism 14 Power supply unit 15 External auxiliary plate 16 External vacuum layer 20 Heating fluid circulation unit 21 Fluid heating unit 21a Leak prevention valve 22 Fluid supply unit 22a, 23a Open end 23 Fluid recovery part 24 Supply port 24a, 25a Opening / closing part 25 Discharge port

Claims (7)

An indoor plate, an outdoor plate disposed opposite to and spaced from the indoor plate, a decompression layer formed hermetically sealed between the indoor plate and the outdoor plate, and an operation enclosed within the decompression layer A window body having a liquid, the window body, a window frame in which the window body is disposed, and a wall in which the window frame is disposed, and the operation. A window comprising at least one of a hydraulic fluid heating unit for heating the hydraulic fluid and a hydraulic fluid cooling unit for cooling the hydraulic fluid. A window body having an indoor plate, an outdoor plate disposed to face and separate from the indoor plate, and a fluid layer formed by sealing a fluid between the indoor plate and the outdoor plate; A fluid heating unit that heats the fluid or cools the fluid disposed in any one of a window body, a window frame portion in which the window body is disposed, and a wall portion in which the window frame portion is disposed A window characterized by comprising at least one of the fluid cooling sections. Instead of the fluid heating unit or the fluid cooling unit, at least one of a heating fluid circulation unit that circulates a heating fluid between the fluid layers and a cooling fluid circulation unit that circulates a cooling fluid between the fluid layers. The window according to claim 2, comprising one side. An external auxiliary plate that is spaced apart from the outdoor plate and opposed to the outside of the outdoor plate, and an external vacuum layer that is hermetically sealed between the outdoor plate and the external auxiliary plate, or The window according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an external gas layer in which gas is enclosed. The space holding member which contacts the outdoor side surface of the indoor plate and the indoor side surface of the outdoor plate in the decompression layer or the fluid layer is provided. The window according to item 1. The space holding member which contacts the outdoor side surface of the outdoor plate and the indoor side surface of the external auxiliary plate in the external vacuum layer or the external gas layer is provided. Window. A drive switching mechanism that drives the hydraulic fluid heating unit, the hydraulic fluid cooling unit, the fluid heating unit, the fluid cooling unit, the heating fluid circulation unit, and the cooling fluid circulation unit when the window body is closed; The window according to claim 1, wherein the window is a window.

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