JP2006329491A - Solar heat collecting system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solar heat collecting system capable of collecting high temperature heat available for power generation including for domestic purpose. <P>SOLUTION: Circulation paths 22 and 24 are formed to connect a tank 12 and a plurality of solar collectors 14 irradiated with sunlight having passed a Fresnel lens 18 by a connecting pipe 20, and a heat medium is put in the circulation paths 22 and 24. By applying heat from the sunlight to the heat medium in each solar collector 14, and generating a temperature difference in the heat medium in the circulation paths 22 and 24, the heat medium naturally circulates within the circulation paths 22 and 24. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar heat collecting apparatus for collecting sunlight as heat energy.

  Conventionally, a solar heat collecting apparatus for collecting sunlight and taking it out as heat energy is known in Patent Document 1. This Patent Document 1 collects sunlight from a light converging device at a focal point, guides the sunlight collected at the focal point to an absorption heating plate via an optical fiber, and uses the absorption heating plate as a heat source, for example, in a hot water tank. It warms water.

JP 61-3953 A

  In the case of using an optical fiber, since one optical fiber is required for each light converging device, there is a disadvantage that the cost is increased. Since the cost of the optical fiber is high, a heat collector in which a heat medium passes through the inside and transfers heat is used instead of the optical fiber. Conventionally known heat collectors have the disadvantage that the amount of heat collected in a high temperature region exceeding 150 ° C. and the heat collection efficiency (the amount of heat collected / incident energy) are low. The cause of this drawback was that the sun had originally only a low energy density (up to about 1 kW per square meter in sunny weather) and a technical problem. As a technical problem, when a container-shaped collector having a wide plane for absorbing the sun is used, the energy density that can be absorbed is low, and the absorbed heat is also absorbed from the collector having a wide plane. There is a drawback that much of the heat is lost as it is by infrared rays or convective heat transfer. In particular, the higher the temperature, the higher the heat loss rate and the lower the thermal efficiency.

  Increasing the energy density by using a collector such as a reflector or lens as a countermeasure for the low heat collection efficiency and low heat collection efficiency in the high temperature range exceeding 150 ° C, which is a disadvantage of the conventional heat collector. Generally known. However, when using a collector such as a reflector or lens for power generation, place a tank of high-temperature heat medium (for example, pressurized water) separately from the heat collector, and pump the heat medium using a pump. It is carried out. The higher the temperature of the heat medium, the greater the temperature difference from the surroundings, and the greater the heat loss in the long forced circulation path, the more expensive the heat pump used, and the higher the running cost of the pump drive. In Japan, it is generally considered that solar power generation is not economically viable.

  Outside of Japan, solar thermal power generation is a large-scale facility with a high-end system complete with a solar tracking control system, and there was no home system for small size and low cost.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a solar heat collecting apparatus capable of collecting high-temperature heat that can be used for power generation including home use.

  The solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention is a light converging means for concentrating sunlight in one place, a heat collector for receiving sunlight light collected by the light converging means, a tank, A connection pipe that connects the heat collector and the tank, a circulation path through which the heat medium circulates inside the heat collector, the tank, and the pipe, and each position of the heat medium that moves through the circulation path The heat medium naturally circulates and moves in the circulation path due to the temperature difference.

  In the present invention, a plurality of the heat collectors are provided, and a heat medium in the circulation path circulates in order through the plurality of heat collectors and the tank. In the present invention, the light converging means is a Fresnel lens. In the present invention, the periphery of the light converging means and the periphery of the heat collector are covered with a reflecting member that communicates in a cylindrical shape, and the reflecting surface of the reflecting member is disposed inside the cylindrical shape. In the present invention, the reflecting member is formed from four plate-shaped members. In the present invention, an infrared reflecting member having a reflecting surface facing the heat collector side is provided on the side opposite to the light converging means of the heat collector. In the present invention, at least a part of the connecting pipe is a flexible pipe. In the present invention, the heat exchanger is provided in the tank. In the present invention, the tank has a double structure of an internal space and an external space, the heat medium is passed through the internal space, and the external space is a vacuum space. The present invention includes a case for housing the heat collector, the tank, the connecting pipe, and the reflecting member therein. In the present invention, the tank and the connecting pipe are disposed on the back surface side of the reflecting surface of the reflecting member and on the inner side of the case, and on the back surface side of the reflecting surface of the reflecting member and inside the case. The side is filled with a heat insulating material. In the present invention, the case is attached to a sun tracking drive device, and the case is moved by the sun tracking drive device so that the light converging means irradiates sunlight vertically. According to the present invention, in the heat medium circulation path in the tank, a degassing pipe that communicates with the outside is always connected to a location that is always higher even by displacement by the solar tracking drive device. According to the present invention, a connecting pipe that communicates with the heat collector is always connected to a lower position in the circulation path in the tank even when the displacement is caused by the solar tracking drive device. The present invention is provided with a protective container in which a heat retaining material having a large latent heat at the time of change between a solid and a liquid is vacuum-sealed in the circulation path of the tank with a melting point of a temperature exceeding 150 ° C. is there.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to increase the light collection ratio by the light converging means, and the heat collector can be made small. Moreover, since the circulation path which connects a small heat collector and a tank can be made small, heat radiation can be made small and the heat obtained by the heat collector can be used efficiently. In particular, high heat collection efficiency at a heat collection temperature of 150 ° C. can be secured for a long time. In the present invention, the heat collector in the circulation path is irradiated with solar heat, but the solar heat is not irradiated on the other circulation path, so that a temperature difference occurs in the heat medium in the circulation path in the inclined state. However, the heat medium in the circulation path circulates and moves due to the temperature difference, and the heat medium can be moved without power.

  In the present invention, by using a plurality of heat collectors, the light collecting effect can be further enhanced, the temperature difference of the heat medium in the circulation path can be further increased, and the heat collection efficiency can be increased. In the present invention, the light converging means is a Fresnel lens, so that the light collection efficiency is high, and it is lightweight, compact and inexpensive. By covering the periphery of the light converging means and the periphery of the heat collector with a reflecting member that communicates in a cylindrical shape, the light collection efficiency to the heat collector can be increased. By configuring the reflecting member from four plate-shaped members, it is easy to attach the reflecting member around the heat collector, and it is easy to cover the entire plane with the reflecting member. By making the tank a double structure of the internal space and the external space, allowing the heat medium to pass through the internal space, and making the external space a vacuum space, heat dissipation from the heat medium can be suppressed. The heat collector, tank, and connecting pipe are put in the case, covered with a reflective member, and the back side of the reflective member is filled with heat insulation inside the case, thereby suppressing heat dissipation from the heat medium flowing through the circulation path. it can. Condensing efficiency can be improved by attaching the case to the sun tracking drive device and irradiating the light converging means with sunlight in a perpendicular direction. By connecting a degassing pipe that communicates with the outside to a location that is always higher in the tank, when gas is generated in the high-temperature heat medium, the gas generated from the heat medium can be discharged to the outside. By connecting a connecting pipe that communicates with the heat collector to a location that is always lower in the tank, the heat medium having the lowest temperature in the tank can be moved toward the heat collector. By providing a container in which a heat retaining material that melts at a temperature exceeding 150 ° C. is vacuum-sealed in the circulation path of the tank, the heat retaining material keeps the temperature of the heat medium in the tank at a predetermined temperature or higher. Heat can be stably given to the exchanger.

  Next, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the solar heat collecting apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in which the solar heat collecting apparatus of FIG. 1 is in an inclined state, and FIG. The top view of FIG. 1 of the state which removed the light converging means with which the upper part of the heat apparatus was removed, FIG. 4 is a block diagram which shows the connection state of the principal part component of this invention. The solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention includes one tank 12 as a heat storage tank and a plurality of container-like heat collectors 14 as light receiving means inside a case 10 having an upper opening. As shown in FIG. 1, the plurality of heat collectors 14 are arranged at positions close to the bottom 16 of the case 10. The upper opening of the case 10 is provided with a Fresnel lens 18 as light converging means for irradiating the sunlight irradiated thereto toward the heat collector 14, and the inside of the case 10 is provided by the Fresnel lens 18. Is closed. Corresponding to each heat collector 14, each Fresnel lens 18 is used. The light converging means is not limited to the Fresnel lens as long as it concentrates sunlight on the heat collector 14. However, the Fresnel lens 18 can irradiate, for example, sunlight irradiated to a Fresnel lens having an area of 100 square centimeters onto the heat collector 14 having an area of 1 square centimeter, and has high light collection efficiency, is lightweight, compact and inexpensive. For this reason, it is desirable to use a Fresnel lens as the light focusing means.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in this embodiment, six heat collectors 14 are provided, and the six heat collectors 14 are connected to a plurality of heat collectors 14, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, and 14f. To do. As shown in FIG. 4, the tank 12 and the three heat collectors 14a, 14b, 14c are connected by four connecting pipes 20 to form a first circulation path 22, and the tank 12 and the three heat collectors are connected. The containers 14d, 14e, and 14f are connected by four connecting pipes 20 to form a second circulation path 24. That is, the tank 12 and the heat collector 14a are connected by the connecting pipe 20p, the heat collector 14a and the heat collector 14b are connected by the connecting pipe 20a, and the heat collector 14b and the heat collector 14c are connected by the connecting pipe 20b. Then, the first circulation path 22 is formed by connecting the heat collector 14c and the tank 12 with the connecting pipe 20C. A heat medium such as oil is accommodated in the first circulation path 22 so as to circulate. The tank 12 and the collector 14d are connected by a connecting pipe 20q, the collector 14d and the collector 14e are connected by a connecting pipe 20d, and the collector 14e and the collector 14f are connected by a connecting pipe 20f. Then, the second circulation path 24 is formed by connecting the heat collector 14f and the tank 12 by the connecting pipe 20f. A heat medium such as oil is set to circulate in the second circulation path 24. The heat medium automatically moves in the first circulation path 22 and the second circulation path 24 due to its own temperature difference. That is, the heat medium having a high temperature moves to a high position in the first circulation path 22 and the second circulation path 24, and the heat medium having a low temperature is a low position in the first circulation path 22 and the second circulation path 24. Move to.

  In this embodiment, the first circulation path 22 and the second circulation path 24 are set so as to pass through the three heat collectors 14, but the number of the heat collectors 14 is not limited to three. Absent. Moreover, although the two circulation paths of the first circulation path 22 and the second circulation path 24 are provided, the number of the circulation paths 24 may be one or three or more. The connecting pipe 20 (20p, 20q, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f) for connecting the tank 12 and the heat collector 14 or connecting the heat collectors 14 is more than 200 ° C. from the freezing point. In consideration of the temperature change of the other heat medium, it is desirable that part or all of them be flexible pipes such as bellows. By making the connecting pipe 20 a flexible pipe, it is possible to prevent damage to the connecting portion of the connecting pipe 20 to the tank 12 and the heat collector 14 due to concentration of thermal stress.

  Covering between the heat collector 14 and the Fresnel lens 18 in a cylindrical shape so as to connect the periphery of the heat collector 14 and the periphery of the Fresnel lens 18 with a reflecting member 26 made of, for example, an aluminum foil or a reflecting mirror. (FIGS. 1 and 3). A space 28 is formed by the heat collector 14, the Fresnel lens 18, and the reflection member 26, and the reflection surface of the reflection member 26 is disposed toward the space 28. By making the heat collector 14 and the Fresnel lens 18 into a quadrangle when viewed from above, the reflecting member 26 can be formed into four plates, and the reflecting member 26 can be made at low cost. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, it is possible to easily spread portions other than the heat collector 14 with the reflecting member 26 when viewed from above. The reflecting member 26 has a function of directing sunlight out of the irradiation direction to the heat collector 14 when the direction of sunlight irradiated from the Fresnel lens 18 to the heat collector 14 deviates from the heat collector 14. To do. The tank 12 is disposed below the reflecting member 26 (on the side opposite to the space 28).

  As shown in FIG. 1, an infrared reflecting member 32 such as an aluminum foil or a reflecting mirror is provided below the lower surface of the heat collector 14 (side closer to the bottom 16 of the case 10) with an interval (space) 30. Is provided. The infrared reflecting member 32 is for reflecting the infrared rays emitted to the lower side of the heat collector 14 upward and returning the infrared rays to the heat collector 14 to increase the heat collecting efficiency to the heat collector 14. is there. In addition, although it demonstrated that the space | interval 30 was provided between the lower side of the heat collector 14, and the reflection member 32 for infrared rays, the space | interval 30 does not need to be provided.

  FIG. 5 shows a horizontal cross section of the heat collector 14 (14a), and FIG. 6 shows a cross section taken along the line BB of FIG. It is desirable that the heat collector 14 is made of a thin plate made of, for example, SUS, and has a rectangular parallelepiped container shape in which the aspect ratio is close to the aspect ratio of the upper lens and is low. Inside the heat collector 14, for example, three passages 36 are formed by two partition walls 34. In the heat collector 14a, a heat medium enters the inlet from the connection pipe 20p, and then the heat medium passes through the three passages 36 almost evenly to reach the connection pipe 20a from the outlet. In the heat collector 14, the heat medium passing through the heat collector 14 is heated by sunlight concentrated by the Fresnel lens 18. The top surface 37 on which the sunlight in the heat collector 14 hits is subjected to a selective absorption process in which the absorption rate of the solar spectrum is close to 100% and the emissivity of the infrared spectrum is close to zero.

  The heat collector 14 serves to absorb heat from sunlight, whereas the tank 12 serves as a heat storage tank. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tank 12 is composed of a double tank including a cylindrical closed inner tank 40 having a space 38 and a cylindrical outer tank 42 covering most of the inner tank 40. . A space 38 of the inner tank 40 is a part of the circulation paths 22 and 24, and a large amount of heat medium is accommodated in the space 38. A space 44 between the inner tub 40 and the outer tub 42 is evacuated and plays a role of a heat insulating effect of the heat medium accommodated in the space 38 of the inner tub 40. In FIG. 4, both ends of the inner tub 40 are shown as being not covered with the outer tub 42, but the entire inner tub 40 may be covered with the outer tub 42.

  A heat exchanger 46 for receiving heat from the heat medium and supplying heat to a generator (not shown) or the like is provided in the space 38 of the inner tank 40 of the tank 12. It is desirable to further include a protective container (container) 50 such as quartz glass in which a heat holding material 48 such as tin-lead eutectic solder is vacuum sealed inside the space 38 of the inner tank 40. The heat retaining material 48 changes a phase between a liquid and a solid with a temperature exceeding 150 ° C. as a melting point, for example, and has a large latent heat (a large amount of heat is released or absorbed) when the phase is changed. Is. The tin-lead eutectic solder as the heat retaining material 48 changes phase at about 183 ° C. The heat retaining material 48 preferably has a phase change temperature of about 180 ° C. to 200 ° C., but is not limited to that temperature. The reason why the protective container 50 is made of quartz glass is that the tin-lead eutectic solder and quartz do not react at a high temperature. However, since quartz glass is vulnerable to impact and easily damaged, it is desirable to protect the outside with a strong cover or the like.

  As the heat retaining material 48, for example, lead-free tin-lead eutectic solder or ternary solder can be used in addition to tin-lead eutectic solder. Further, a salt such as sodium hydrogen sulfide, an organic substance such as camphor, etc. having a phase change temperature of about 180 ° C. to 200 ° C. may be used. In this case, the material of the protective container 50 is SUS. Solder has good thermal conductivity because it is a metal, but when it is made of salt or organic matter, it has poor thermal conductivity. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the surface area of these materials to compensate for the poor thermal conductivity. Is stored in multiple tubes.

  A perspective view of the tank 12 is shown in FIG. On one end side of the inner tank 40 of the tank 12, a downward extension 52 is formed so as to be always located at the lowest position of the space 38 of the inner tank 40 when the solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention is used. The downward extension 52 is connected to the connection pipe 20p of the first circulation path 22 and the connection pipe 20q of the second circulation path 24. That is, the heat medium located at the lowest position of the space 38 of the tank 12 is set to flow out toward the connection pipe 20p of the first circulation path 22 and the connection pipe 20q of the second circulation path 24. Further, the other end side of the inner tank 40 of the tank 12 is connected with a degassing pipe 54 that communicates with a location that is always located at the uppermost position of the space 38 of the inner tank 40 when the solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention is used. Yes. The heating medium circulating through the first circulation path 22 and the second circulation path 24 may exceed 200 ° C. when the temperature is high, and dissolved gas may be generated from the heating medium at a high temperature. The gas generated from the heat medium is discharged from the tank 12 to the atmosphere via the gas vent pipe 54.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a heat insulating material 56 such as rock wool or glass wool is filled between the back surface of the reflecting member 26 (the surface on the opposite side facing the space 28) and the inside of the case 10. . The heat insulating material 56 is formed on the back surface of the reflecting member 26 and the case except for the tank 12, the connecting pipe 20, the space 30 between the lower side of the heat collector 14 and the infrared reflecting member 24 (when the space is opened). It is desirable to fill the entire space between the interior of the ten. Since the first circulation path 22 and the second circulation path 24 are covered by the heat insulating material 56, heat loss of the heat medium flowing through the first circulation path 22 and the second circulation path 24 is prevented by the heat insulating material 56. An air bleeding hose 58 that communicates between the inside of the case 10 and the atmosphere is attached to the case 10. The air vent hose 58 prevents the case 10 from expanding and deforming due to a temperature rise in the case 10 and prevents the positional relationship between the Fresnel lens 18 and the heat collector 14 from shifting.

  Case 10 is attached to solar tracking device 60 (FIGS. 1 and 2). The sun tracking device 60 has a support member 62 that is fixed to the bottom 16 of the case 10, and a drive that enables the support member 62 to swing in the CC direction in FIG. 1 and to change the inclination angle θ in FIG. Means 64. That is, the drive means 64 is for moving the case 10 so that sunlight irradiates the Fresnel lens 18 (the upper surface 37 of the heat collector 14) at a right angle. The sun tracking device 60 moves the case 10 in order to irradiate the Fresnel lens 18 with sunlight at right angles, but the case 10 may be moved by computer control or manually.

  Next, the operation of the solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention will be described. The angle of incidence on the sun varies depending on the season and time. Therefore, the driving means 64 of the solar tracking device 60 adjusts the elevation angle θ of the case 10 in FIG. 2 (the HH line in FIG. 2 is parallel to the horizontal line) according to the season and time, and C in FIG. -Rotate in the C direction. The case 10 is moved over time so that sunlight irradiates at right angles to the Fresnel lens 18 (the upper surface 37 of the heat collector 14). The operating time of the sun tracking device 60 is a time zone in which the sun goes out. For example, in Tokyo, the basic operating time is, for example, from 8 am to 4 pm throughout all seasons, and the operating time is extended toward the summer solstice.

  Here, in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, description will be made on the assumption that sunlight irradiates the Fresnel lens 18 and the heat collector 14 at a right angle. FIG. 8 shows an inclined state of the first circulation path 22 in the state of FIG. The HH line in FIG. 8 is also parallel to the horizontal line. Outside the vicinity of the equator, the elevation angle θ (θ> 0 degrees) is always generated when the Fresnel lens 18 is irradiated with sunlight at a right angle. In the vicinity of the equator, θ may be 0 degrees. In this case, θ is set to about 5 to 10 degrees so that the elevation angle θ does not become 0 degrees. In this case, it is not necessary to irradiate the Fresnel lens 18 with sunlight at a right angle.

  When sunlight irradiates the Fresnel lens 18, the sunlight that has passed through the Fresnel lens 18 is concentrated on the three heat collectors 14a, 14b, and 14c in the first circulation path 22 shown in FIG. The heating medium in the containers 14a, 14b, 14c is heated. In the three heat collectors 14, the heat collector 14a is located at the relative lowest position, the heat collector 14b is located at the relatively middle position, and the heat collector 14a is located at the relatively highest position. . When the heating medium is heated, it moves upward. The heating medium located in the lowest heat collector 14a is heated there, and ascends in the connection pipe 20a to reach the heat collector 14b, and is further heated in the heat collector 14b and rises in the connection pipe 20b. Then, it reaches the heat collector 14c, and is further heated by the heat collector 14c, and rises in the connection pipe 20c to reach the tank 12. In other words, the heat medium is heated and moved in order from the heat collector 14 a at the lower position to the heat collector 14 c at the higher position via the middle heat collector 14 b and enters the tank 12.

  The heat medium entering the tank 12 is deprived of heat by contact with the heat exchanger 46 (FIGS. 1 and 2) and the heat holding body 48 (FIGS. 1 and 2). As a result, the temperature of the heat medium in the tank 12 decreases, and the heat medium whose temperature has decreased moves from the high level to the low level in the tank 12 and reaches the downward extending portion 52. The heat medium that has reached the downward extending portion 52 reaches the heat collector 14a via the connecting pipe 20p. As described above, the heat medium in the first circulation path 22 reaches the tank 12 through the lower heat collector 14a, the middle heat collector 14b, and the higher heat collector 14c in this order, and then the tank 12 To the lower heat collector 14a again. Similarly to the flow in the first circulation path 22, the flow of the heat medium in the second circulation path 24 goes from the lower heat collector 14d to the middle heat collector 14e and the higher heat collector 14f in order. The flow reaches the tank 12 and then flows again from the tank 12 to the lower heat collector 14d. Since the heating medium in the first circulation path 22 and the heating medium in the second circulation path 24 are heated at their respective intermediate positions to cause a temperature difference, the temperature difference causes the first circulation path 22 and the second circulation path to be heated. 24 is automatically circulated in the circulation.

  The tank 12 includes a protective container 50 in which a tin-lead eutectic solder heat retaining material 48 having a melting point of 183 ° C. is vacuum-sealed, so that the temperature of the heat medium introduced into the tank 12 is 183 ° C. The solder starts to melt while maintaining its temperature. In principle, the temperature of the heat medium does not exceed this melting point temperature until the solder is completely melted. On the other hand, when the temperature of the heat medium introduced into the tank 12 falls below 183 ° C., the solidification of the solder starts, and the heat medium in the tank 12 is kept at 183 ° C. until the solder is completely solidified. A temperature is provided to the heat exchanger 46.

  When the solder is completely solidified, both the temperature of the heat medium in the tank 12 and the temperature of the solder are lowered. The temperature of the heat medium at all locations in the first circulation path 22 and the second circulation path 24 becomes equal, and the circulation of the heat medium stops. When the circulation of the heat medium stops in the evening or at night, the solar tracking device 60 operates to rotate the case 10 and change the direction to a position where the sunlight irradiates the Fresnel lens 18 at a right angle around 8 am. .

  While the solar tracking device 60 is in operation, the connection point between the tank 12 and the gas vent pipe 54 is set so as to be at the top of the tank 12, so that air is heated from the heat medium that has become hot. Even if it occurs, the air can be discharged to the outside. It should be noted that the shape and structure are such that rainwater, insects and the like do not enter the tank 12 from the gas vent pipe 54. Further, when the inside of the case 10 becomes high temperature, the hot air in the case 10 is discharged to the outside by the air vent hose 58 to prevent the case 10 from expanding and deforming, and the Fresnel lens 18, the heat collector 14, Prevents the positional relationship from being shifted.

  As described above, in the conventional solar heat collector, the heat collection efficiency at the heat collection temperature of 150 ° C. in the environment of the air temperature of 25 ° C. was difficult to reach 50%, but in the present invention, the heat collection temperature is 150 ° C. The heat collection efficiency of more than 60% could be maintained for 5 hours or more per day.

It is sectional drawing which shows the solar heat collecting device which concerns on this invention. It is the AA line cross section of FIG. 1 in which the solar heat collecting device which concerns on this invention exists in an inclined state. It is a top view of FIG. 1 of the state which removed the light converging means with which the upper part of the solar heat collecting apparatus of FIG. 1 was removed. It is a block diagram which shows the connection state of the principal part component of this invention. It is a horizontal cross section of a heat collector. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 5. It is a perspective view of the tank of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the flow of the heat medium which circulates the principal part component of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Case 12 Tank 14 Heat collector 18 Fresnel lens 20 Connection pipe 22 1st circulation path 24 2nd circulation path 26 Reflective member 32 Infrared reflective member 46 Heat exchanger 48 Heat holding member 50 Protection container 54 Degassing pipe 56 Thermal insulation material 58 Air bleeding hose 60 Solar tracking device

Claims (15)

  A light converging means for concentrating sunlight in one place, a heat collector for receiving sunlight light collected by the light converging means and having a passage formed therein, a tank, At each position of a connection pipe that connects the heat collector and the tank, a circulation path through which the heat medium circulates between the heat collector, the tank, and the pipe, and a heat medium that moves through the circulation path A solar heat collecting apparatus, wherein the heat medium naturally circulates in the circulation path due to a temperature difference between the two.   The solar heat collector according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the heat collectors are provided, and a heat medium in the circulation path circulates through the plurality of heat collectors and the tank in order.   The solar heat collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the light converging means is a Fresnel lens.   The solar heat collector according to claim 1, wherein the periphery of the light converging means and the periphery of the heat collector are covered with a reflecting member communicating in a cylindrical shape, and the reflecting surface of the reflecting member is disposed inside the cylindrical shape. Thermal device.   The solar heat collecting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the reflecting member is formed of four plate-like members.   The solar heat collecting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an infrared reflecting member having a reflecting surface facing the heat collector side on the opposite side of the light collecting means of the heat collector.   The solar heat collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the connection pipe is a flexible pipe.   The solar heat collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger is provided in the tank.   The solar heat collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the tank has a double structure of an internal space and an external space, the heat medium passes through the internal space, and the external space is a vacuum space.   The solar heat collecting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a case for housing the heat collector, the tank, the connecting pipe, and the reflecting member therein.   The tank and the connecting pipe are disposed on the back surface side of the reflection surface of the reflection member and on the inner side of the case, and the heat insulating material is disposed on the back surface side of the reflection surface of the reflection member and on the inner side of the case. The solar heat collecting apparatus according to claim 10, wherein   11. The solar heat collector according to claim 10, wherein the case is attached to a solar tracking drive device, and the case is moved by the solar tracking drive device so as to irradiate sunlight vertically to the light converging means. Thermal device.   13. The solar heat collecting apparatus according to claim 12, wherein in the heat medium circulation path in the tank, a degassing pipe that communicates with the outside is always connected to an upper position even by displacement by the solar tracking drive device.   The solar heat collector according to claim 10, wherein a connecting pipe that communicates with the heat collector is connected to a position that is always lower than the displacement by the solar tracking drive device in the circulation path in the tank. .   2. A protective container in which a heat retaining material having a large latent heat at the time of a change between a solid and a liquid is vacuum-sealed in the circulation path of the tank so as to have a temperature exceeding 150 ° C. as a melting point. The solar thermal collector described.

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