JP2006328653A - Converging connection method for tunnel and converging connection device used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide converging connection method for a tunnel capable of inproving the excavating resistance and the cutter load of a following shield machine when a following tunnel constructed by the following shiled machine is connected to a preceding tunnel contructed by a preceding shield machine so that these tunnels are converged to each other. <P>SOLUTION: The preceding tunnel 3 in which outer segments 6 axially connectable to predetermined parts in the circumferential direction for excavation are disposed is constructed by the preceding shield machine. Inner segments 10 are assembled in the preceding tunnel 3 so as to surround the outer segments 6 through a space 9 and a filler 12 allowed to excavate is charged in the space 9. The following shield machine 4 is moved near the preceding tunnel 3 to cut out the outer segments 6 and the filler 12 and excavate so that it does not touch the inner segments 10 to construct the following tunnel 5 overlappingly with the preceding tunnel 3. Then, the tunnels 3 and 5 at the overlapped portions are allowed to communicate with each other. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a tunnel joining method used when joining and branching a sub-tunnel to a main tunnel and a joining device used therefor.

  In a tunnel for roads, it is necessary to connect a sub-tunnel, which is a ramp line, to a main tunnel, which is a main line, so as to join and branch at a junction. In this case, conventionally, connection work has been performed according to the following procedure.

  (1) Build a main tunnel with a shield machine. (2) The ground will be improved and the water barrier will be formed near the connection part of the sub-tunnel with respect to the main tunnel and the connection influence range. (3) Perform excavation, etc. in the range of ground improvement and water blocking wall formation, install retaining wall, sheet pile, upset, cut beam, and temporarily construct a sub-tunnel. (4) Establish a sub-tunnel and connect it to the main tunnel.

  However, with this construction method, it is basically sufficient to improve the ground only in a narrow area where the sub-tunnels join and branch with respect to the main tunnel, but the ground in the entire range from the ground to the main tunnel and sub-tunnels. Because the ground has been improved, the cost is increased and the construction period is prolonged.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 14, a special segment composed of a wall body part b having an arcuate recess a formed on the outside and an excavation body c provided in the recess a is used in part by a preceding shield machine. The main tunnel d is constructed, and the excavation body c is excavated together with the natural ground by the following shield machine, so that the following tunnel is constructed close to the preceding tunnel d so that the circular cross section overlaps, and then these There is known one in which tunnels communicate with each other (Patent Document 1).

JP 11-159297 A

  In this construction method, the excavation body c is disposed in all the portions where the circular cross sections of the tunnel overlap, and the excavation body c must be excavated by a cutter of a trailing shield machine. Therefore, when the trailing shield machine is excavated, excavation resistance corresponding to the cross-sectional area of the excavation body c is generated, and the burden on the cutter of the trailing shield machine is in accordance with the cross-sectional area. In addition, the cutter burden becomes a problem.

  That is, the excavated body c must be soft enough to be excavated by the cutter of the trailing shield machine, but on the other hand, it is necessary to withstand the pressing force by the propulsion jack provided in the preceding shield machine. You can't be soft against the dark clouds. In this way, the excavation body c having a certain degree of hardness is arranged in all the portions to be superposed and excavated by the cutter of the trailing shield machine. Unfavorable due to cutter burden.

  Therefore, the object of the present invention is to reduce the excavation resistance and cutter burden of the trailing shield machine when joining the leading tunnel constructed by the leading shield machine so as to join the trailing tunnel constructed by the trailing shield machine. An object of the present invention is to provide an improved tunnel junction method and a junction device used therefor.

  In order to achieve the above object, a first invention is a method of joining a preceding tunnel constructed by a preceding shield machine to join a succeeding tunnel constructed by a succeeding shield machine so as to join the preceding shield. By using a machine, a preceding tunnel in which an outer segment that can be excavated in an axial direction is arranged at a predetermined portion in the circumferential direction is constructed, and the inner segment is assembled inside the preceding tunnel so as to surround the outer segment through a space. And filling the space with excavable filler, bringing the trailing shield machine close to the preceding tunnel, cutting the outer segment and the filler, and digging so as not to contact the inner segment. , After constructing the subsequent tunnel by superposing it on the preceding tunnel, the tunnels in the superposed part are communicated with each other. .

  Further, the second invention is a tunnel junction connecting device used in the above-described tunnel junction joining method, an erector provided in the preceding shield machine for assembling the outer segment, and a direction of digging more than the preceding shield machine And another erector arranged in the preceding preceding tunnel behind to assemble the inner segment.

  According to the present invention, when joining the preceding tunnel constructed by the preceding shield machine so as to merge the succeeding tunnel constructed by the succeeding shield machine, the excavation resistance and the cutter burden of the succeeding shield machine are made possible. Can be made smaller.

  Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the tunnel junction method and the junction junction apparatus used for the tunnel according to the present embodiment, when joining the ramp tunnel 2 to the main tunnel 1 at the junction of the road tunnel, are joined. Used. Such a y-shaped tunnel basically has a main tunnel 3 (preceding tunnel) constructed by a preceding shield machine as shown in FIGS. This is realized by superposing the machine 4 (wrapping) and digging, and building the ramp line tunnel 5 (following tunnel) with a part of the preceding tunnel 3. Here, when the trailing shield machine 4 wraps a part of the preceding tunnel 3 and digs, the excavation resistance and the cutter load of the trailing shield machine 4 are made as small as possible by various devices described below. ing.

  Hereinafter, the junction joining method of the tunnel and the junction joining apparatus used therefor will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the above joining and joining method joins the preceding tunnel 3 constructed by the preceding shield machine (not shown) so that the succeeding tunnel 5 constructed by the succeeding shield machine 4 joins. To do. First, the preceding tunnel 3 is constructed by the preceding shield machine. The preceding tunnel 3 is configured by arranging the outer segment 6 that can be excavated by the following shield machine 4 in an axial direction with a predetermined portion in the circumferential direction. Has been built.

  The outer segment 6 is assembled to the predetermined portion on the inner side of the shield frame in the same manner as the normal segment 7 by the erector (segment assembly device) of the preceding shield machine. That is, the outer segment 6 is assembled to the predetermined portion in a water-stopped space ahead of the portion where the tail seal provided on the tail portion of the shield frame is pressed against the existing segment.

  The predetermined portion is set in accordance with the excavation cross section (lap cross section) of the trailing shield machine 4. In the example shown in the figure, the circumferential area of the predetermined portion gradually expands immediately after the trailing shield machine 4 wraps in the preceding tunnel 3 until the predetermined wrap amount is reached (see FIG. 2). After that, it becomes constant (see FIG. 3). Further, the height of the predetermined portion gradually decreases from FIG. 2 to FIG.

  The outer segment 6 has a mortar, FRP structure, and a structure in which CF wire is arranged on the mortar, and has a strength capable of transmitting a thrust so as not to be damaged when subjected to a digging reaction force by a propulsion jack of a preceding shield machine. Yes. That is, the preceding shield machine presses the propulsion jack against the outer segment 6 and takes a reaction force to dig. Further, the outer segment 6 can be excavated by the cutter 8 of the trailing shield machine 4.

  If the preceding shield machine constructs the preceding tunnel 3 using the outer segment 6 and the normal segment 7 (segment having a predetermined strength that cannot be excavated), the outer segment 6 is surrounded by the space 9 inside the preceding tunnel 3. Assemble inner segment 10 as follows. The inner segment 10 is a segment having a predetermined strength that cannot be excavated by the cutter 8 of the trailing shield machine 4. For example, a steel segment is used.

  The assembly position and area of the inner segment 10 are set according to the excavation cross section (lap cross section) of the trailing shield machine 4. In the example shown in the figure, the assembly area gradually expands immediately after the trailing shield machine 4 wraps in the preceding tunnel 3 until the predetermined wrap amount is reached (see FIG. 2), and is constant after the predetermined wrap amount is reached. (See FIG. 3), the assembly position gradually decreases from FIG. 2 to FIG.

  In the example shown in FIG. 5, the inner segment 10 is assembled by another erector 11 separated from the preceding shield machine in the preceding tunnel 3 behind the preceding shield machine in the digging direction D. Thereby, the assembly of the inner segment 10 can be performed separately from the construction of the preceding tunnel 3 by the preceding shield machine, and the construction speed of the preceding tunnel 3 is not limited by the assembly of the inner segment 10.

  Thus, if the inner segment 10 is assembled by another erector 11, the erector of the preceding shield machine may be a standard type structure that can assemble general arc-shaped segments 6 and 7, It is not necessary to use a special erector that can also assemble the inner segment 10. That is, since the preceding shield machine can use the standard type including the erector, the cost is not increased.

  However, the inner segment 10 may be assembled by a special erector provided in the preceding shield machine. In this case, the special erector is constructed by attaching the outer segment 6 and the normal segment 7 in a ring shape in a water-stopped space ahead of the portion where the tail seal of the preceding shield machine is pressed against the existing segment. 6, the inner segment 10 is assembled inside.

  Although the structure and operation of the another erector 11 will be described later, as shown in FIG. 5, if the inner segment 10 is assembled by the other erector 11, the space 9 between the inner segment 10 and the outer segment 6 is formed. The excavable filler 12 is filled. The filler 12 is easily excavated by the cutter 8 of the trailing shield machine 4. For example, if the earth (fluid earth) excavated by the preceding shield machine is used, the cost becomes low.

  Filling the space 9 with the filler 12 is performed through an opening provided in the inner segment 10. At this time, generation of voids in the space 9 can be prevented by pumping the filler 12 into the space 9 with a predetermined pressure. The filler 12 may be filled while assembling the inner segment 10. In this case, the filler 12 can be consolidated into the space 9 by pressing the filler 12 from the opening 9 a (see FIG. 6) behind the space 9 in the tunnel axis direction.

  Thus, if the preceding tunnel 3 having the outer segment 6 as a part is constructed, the inner segment 10 is assembled therein, and the space 12 between the inner segment 10 and the outer segment 6 is filled with the filler 12, As shown in FIG. 1, the trailing shield machine 4 is brought close to the preceding tunnel 3, and the outer segment 6 and the filler 12 are cut and dug so as not to contact the inner segment 10.

  As a result, the succeeding tunnel 5 is constructed by being superposed on the preceding tunnel 3. That is, the trailing tunnel 5 is constructed by assembling the segments in the shield frame 13 by the erector of the trailing shield machine 4, and the trailing shield machine 4 presses the propulsion jack 14 against the existing segment and takes a reaction force thereto. The outer segment 6, the filler 12, and the natural ground are excavated by rotating the cutter 8 and the like.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the outer segment 6 excavated by the cutter 8 of the trailing shield machine 4 is a small part of the excavation cross section of the cutter 8 and is filled in the remaining portion. Since the material 12 is a fluid earth and sand, the excavation resistance with respect to the cutter 8 is remarkably small as compared with the conventional type in which the excavation body c is provided in the entire excavation cross section of the cutter as shown in FIG.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, when the trailing shield machine 4 wraps the preceding tunnel 3 and digs, the excavation resistance of the trailing shield machine 4 and the burden on the cutter 8 are significantly reduced compared to the conventional type. As a result, the excavation speed of the following shield machine 4, that is, the construction speed of the following tunnel 5 can be increased as compared with the conventional type, and the construction period can be shortened.

  Further, when the trailing shield machine 4 makes a hole in the outer segment 6, the filler 12 is filled with earth and sand from the side natural ground through the hole 9 into the space 9, and the ground (ground surface) above the tunnels 3 and 5. ) Is prevented from sinking. That is, when the filler 12 is not present in the space 9, the trailing shield machine 4 opens a hole in the outer segment 6, and at the same time, the earth and sand in the vicinity flow into the space 9, so that the ground may sink. There is.

  Moreover, since the space 9 is filled with the filler 12, the excavation of the trailing shield machine 4 is stabilized. That is, if the filler 12 does not exist in the space 9, the cutter 8 of the trailing shield machine 4 has a significantly smaller excavation burden on the space 9 than the excavation burden on the opposite ground portion. Although it is difficult to stably excavate the shield machine 4, by filling the space 9 with the filler 12, the difference between the excavation burdens can be reduced and the excavation is stabilized.

  Thus, as shown in FIG. 1, if the subsequent tunnel 5 is constructed by wrapping on the outer segment 6 portion of the preceding tunnel 3, the vicinity of the wrap portion (overlapping portion) as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The ground improvement 15 is performed by injecting a drug from at least one of the tunnels 3 or 5. Since the tunnels 3 and 5 are sufficiently close to each other, the range of the ground improvement 15 is enough to reduce the cost and the construction period.

  If the water stoppage can be secured by the ground improvement 15, the inner segment 10 of the preceding tunnel 3 is removed or cut, and a part of the segment of the subsequent tunnel 5 facing the inner segment 10 is removed or cut. The tunnels 3 and 5 communicate with each other. In this way, the subsequent tunnel 5 is joined to the preceding tunnel 3 and joined.

  Next, another erector 11 used in the above method will be described below.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, this other erector 11 is arranged in the preceding tunnel 3 so as to be separated from the preceding shield machine and arranged behind the digging direction D and to be slidable in the tunnel axial direction. It has a trunk X, a middle trunk Y, and a rear trunk Z. Each cylinder is provided with grippers A, B, C made of jacks via frames 16X, 16Y, 16Z, respectively, and propulsion jacks α, β are provided between the cylinders.

  As a result, each of the grippers A, B, and C and the propulsion jacks α and β is appropriately expanded and contracted to advance another erector 11 like a scale insect. For example, in the state where the grippers A and C are extended and the B is contracted, the propulsion jack α is contracted and the β is extended, so that the inner cylinder Y moves forward in the digging direction D, and the grippers A and B are extended and the propulsion jack β is contracted. Is retracted, the rear cylinder F is advanced, and the front cylinder X is advanced by extending the grippers B and C and extending the propulsion jack α in a state where A is contracted.

  A base ring 17 is fitted to the front barrel X so as to be slidable in the axial direction by the adjusting jack 18 and not rotatable in the circumferential direction. A rotating ring 19 is fitted to the base ring 17 so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction. The rotating ring 19 is engaged with a pinion 22 of a motor 21 attached to the base ring 17 with a ring gear 20 attached thereto. The structure is rotated.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the rotary ring 19 is provided with a single gate-type erector part 23 and two cantilevered erector parts 24 and 25 arranged so as to sandwich the gate-type erector part 23. Yes. One cantilever erector 24 is assembled with the lower inner segment 10L as shown in FIG. 8, the portal erector 23 is assembled with the middle inner segment 10C as shown in FIG. 9, and the other cantilever erector 25 is assembled. Assemble the upper inner segment 10U as shown in FIG.

  Here, since each trunk | drum X, Y, Z and the rotation ring 19 are offset-arranged from the center of the preceding tunnel 3 in the opposite direction of the inner segment 10, each erector part 23, 24, 25 is inner segment 10L, 10C. A work space for assembling 10U at a predetermined position (described above) can be secured. In other words, if it is assumed that each cylinder X, Y, Z and the rotating ring 19 are concentric with the center of the tunnel 3, the inner segments 10L, 10C, and 10U are connected to each of the elector parts 23, 24, and 25 shown in the figure. It cannot be assembled in place.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the rotating ring 19 is provided with an assembly arm 31 for assembling a columnar reinforcing member 30. As shown in FIG. 5, the reinforcing member 30 is disposed in a region where the inner segment 10 is assembled, and as shown in FIG. 7, an upper beam 30 a connected to the upper inner segment 10 U and horizontally spanned, and a lower portion The lower beam 30b is connected to the inner segment 10L and spans horizontally, the upper column 30c supporting the upper beam 30a, and the lower column 30d supporting the lower beam 30b.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, when the reinforcing member 30 is dug so that the trailing shield machine 4 wraps in the preceding tunnel 3, the pressure due to the excavation of the trailing shield machine 4 and the earth pressure of the natural ground It acts on the inner segment 10 and is provided to counteract these pressures and earth pressures before applying the ground improvement 15. However, there are cases where the reinforcing member 30 can be omitted when the earth pressure or the like does not matter so much, such as in a relatively shallow tunnel.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, not only the trailing shield machine 4 is stopped in the middle of the preceding tunnel 3 and the sub-tunnel 2 is joined to the main tunnel 1 to construct the following shield. A sub-tunnel that branches off from the main tunnel 1 may be constructed by digging the shield machine 4 away from the preceding tunnel 3 again. In this case, the inner segment 10 at the right end in FIG. 1 is constructed not in a step shape but in a smooth taper shape as in the left side in FIG.

  In the above embodiment, the trailing tunnel 5 has a smaller diameter than the preceding tunnel 3, but the reverse relationship is established, and the trailing tunnel 5 ′ is larger than the preceding tunnel 3 ′ as shown in FIGS. It is good also as a diameter. In other words, the large-diameter trailing tunnel 5 ′ constructed by the trailing shield machine 4 ′ may be joined to the small-diameter leading tunnel 3 ′ constructed by the leading shield machine S ′ so as to join. Note that this embodiment is the same as the above-described embodiment except that the trailing tunnel 5 ′ has a larger diameter than the preceding tunnel 3 ′. Is omitted.

It is a plane sectional view of a tunnel for explaining a junction joining method of a tunnel as a suitable embodiment of the present invention. It is the II-II sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a plane sectional view of the road tunnel constructed | assembled by the said confluence | merging joining method. It is a top sectional view of a preceding tunnel which shows another erector which constitutes a part of merge joining device used for the above-mentioned joining method. It is the elements on larger scale of FIG. 5 which shows the said another erector. It is the VII-VII sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the assembly of the inner segment by said another erector. It is explanatory drawing which shows the assembly of the inner segment by said another erector. It is explanatory drawing which shows the assembly of the inner segment by said another erector. It is a plane sectional view of a tunnel showing a modification in which a preceding tunnel has a small diameter and a succeeding tunnel has a larger diameter. It is the XII-XII sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the XIII-XIII sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the prior art.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Leading tunnel 4 Trailing shield machine 5 Trailing tunnel 6 Outer segment 9 Space 10 Inner segment 11 Another erector 12 Filler 15 Ground improvement D Excavation direction S 'Leading shield machine 3' Leading tunnel 4 'Trailing shield machine 5' Trailing tunnel 6 'Outer segment 9' Space 10 'Inner segment 12' Filler 15 'Ground improvement

Claims (6)

A method of joining a preceding tunnel constructed by a preceding shield machine to join a succeeding tunnel constructed by a succeeding shield machine,
A preceding tunnel having an outer segment that is axially connected to a predetermined portion in the circumferential direction is arranged by a preceding shield machine, and the inner segment is enclosed in the preceding tunnel via a space. As well as filling the space with a drillable filler,
After the trailing shield is made close to the preceding tunnel, the outer segment and the filler are cut and dug out so as not to contact the inner segment, and then the succeeding tunnel is superposed on the preceding tunnel and constructed. A method for joining and joining tunnels, wherein the tunnels in the polymerized portion are communicated with each other.   2. The method for joining and joining tunnels according to claim 1, wherein the ground in the vicinity of the overlapped portion is ground improved from the inside of at least one of the tunnels before communicating the tunnels in the overlapped portion.   The tunnel joining method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein earth and sand excavated by the preceding shield machine is used as the filler.   The method for joining and joining tunnels according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a reaction force is applied to the outer segment to advance the preceding shield machine.   The tunnel junction joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the outer segment is assembled inside the preceding shield machine, and the inner segment is assembled behind the shield machine in the digging direction. A tunnel junction and connection apparatus for use in the tunnel junction method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the tunnel is provided in the preceding shield machine and assembles the outer segment, and the direction of digging more than the preceding shield machine A junction joining device for a tunnel, comprising another erector arranged in the preceding tunnel behind and assembling the inner segment.

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