JP2006315753A - Bag removing method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bag removing apparatus capable of taking out contents by automatically removing a bag without damaging the contents of the bag, such as a mushroom bed. <P>SOLUTION: The empty space of the bag 16 is fixed by chucks 24A and 24B and a cut is made in it with an opening cutter 42 provided at a frame 32. The chucks 24A and 24B are opened to the left and right, and also a mushroom bed 14 in the bag is pushed out by a pusher 22 so as to be passed through a frame 32. Consequently, the sides of the bag 16 are torn to the left and right by cutters 38 and 44, and the mushroom bed 14A is pushed out from the bag. Thus, the bag 16 can be automatically peeled off. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a bag removal or opening method for taking out contents from a bag and an apparatus thereof (hereinafter collectively referred to as “bag removal device”), for example, for bag removal or opening of a fungus bed for growing mushrooms and the like. The present invention relates to a suitable bag removing method and an apparatus therefor.

  At present, as a method for cultivating various mushrooms such as shiitake mushrooms, a method using a fungus bed is mainly used. The fungal bed is a generic term for a medium (such as sawdust) adjusted for mushroom cultivation, a seed inoculated with an inoculum, or a mycelium grown in the medium. In this method, water and a culture medium additive are added to a culture medium base material, boiled and sterilized and cooled, then inoculated with mushroom inoculum and cultured under a predetermined condition for a certain period of time. After the cultivation is completed, the bed should be treated appropriately for each mushroom, such as (1) cutting a part of the bag and making a hole, (2) removing the top, and (3) removing all of the mushroom. And then moved to a more suitable environment for mushroom development and growth.

  Among them, in particular, the cultivation method (3) requires an operation to take out the packed fungus bed from the bag. However, such removal of the fungus bed is a process of removing the bag after cutting the bag. The current situation is that it is done by work.

  By the way, when cutting the bag, it is required to open the bag so as to hold the fungus bed and slightly change the direction so as not to damage the fungus. If a part of the fungus bed is peeled off at the time of opening, it will be difficult to repair the hypha of the missing part, and various bacteria will enter and the quality of the product will be greatly reduced. However, in the above-described manual work, there are inconveniences that cutting methods differ depending on the worker, bacteria are damaged, and efficiency changes depending on the skill level of the worker. In addition, when the bag is peeled off, the lye from the fungus bed scatters, which may cause rough hands with bare hands. Furthermore, the fungus bed has various weights of about 1 kg to 2.5 kg. However, since a large-scale cultivation factory has to process thousands of fungus beds in a single operation, it is extremely laborious. Therefore, regardless of the skill level of the operator, if the bag can be automatically removed without damaging the fungus bed, it is very convenient in terms of improving work efficiency. The method (3) is mainly used for shiitake cultivation, and there are cultivation bases on an individual scale throughout the country. With the aging of growers, the labor reduction by automatically removing the bags can be expected to have immeasurable effects.

  The present invention pays attention to the above points, and an object thereof is to automatically take out or assist the bacteria bed from the bag without damaging the bacteria bed. Another object is to automatically and satisfactorily take out the contents of various types of bagging from the inside of the bag.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention presses the vicinity of both ends of the ears of the bag, then makes a cut near the center of the pressed ears, and then sets the pressed portions of the ears of the bag in both end directions. While pulling, the content is pushed out in the direction of the ear. The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

  According to the present invention, the vicinity of both ends of the ears of the bag is pressed, then a cut is made near the center of the pressed ear, and then the pressed portion of the ear of the bag is pulled in both directions, By performing a series of operations of pushing an object in the direction of the ear, it is possible to automate the opening or removing of the bag.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail based on examples.

  First, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of this embodiment, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are views showing the operation of this embodiment. The bag removal apparatus of the present embodiment is for automatically taking out a fungus bed from a bag in artificial cultivation of moss using a culture bag. As shown in FIG. 1, the bag-containing fungus bed 14 to be processed by the apparatus of the present invention has a fungus bed body 14 </ b> A wrapped in a bag 16, and an ear 16 </ b> A is provided on one blank side of the bag 16. Is formed. The material of the bag 16 is, for example, PE (polyethylene) or PP (polypropylene).

  In the bag removing apparatus 10 of this embodiment, a holder (or an inlet) 20 for loading a bag-containing fungus bed 14 is formed on the upper part of the apparatus main body 12, and the fungus bed is placed on the front side thereof. A pusher (pushing device) 22 for pushing in the transfer direction is provided. The pusher 22 can be reciprocated in the direction indicated by the arrow F1 in FIG. 1 by the push-out mechanism 56, and is connected to the sequencer 54 by wiring.

  In front of the holder 20, a pair of chucks 24 </ b> A and 24 </ b> B are provided that can be opened / closed or slid in a direction substantially perpendicular to the transfer direction of the bag-containing bacteria bed 14. The chuck 24A is formed with a notch 26 for inserting a bag ear 16A of the bag-containing fungus bed 14 loaded in the holder 20, and the lower surface of the notch 26 has an upper surface side. A hole 30 is provided for receiving a rod 28 (see FIG. 2) that is pushed out from the cylinder. The rod 28 can be moved up and down in the direction of the arrow F3 by the lifting mechanism 60. The rod 28 is lowered while the bag ear 16A is inserted into the notch 26, and the tip of the rod 28 is received by the hole 30. Thus, the bag ear 16A can be fixed. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the chuck 24A is slidable in the left-right direction (in the direction of the arrow F2 in the figure) substantially perpendicular to the transfer direction of the bagged bacteria bed 14 by an opening / closing mechanism 58. Both the elevating mechanism 60 and the opening / closing mechanism 58 are connected to the sequencer 54 by wiring. The other chuck 24B has the same basic structure as that of the chuck 24A except that it has a symmetrical shape.

  Further, a substantially square frame 32 having a plurality of cutters for cutting the bag 16 is provided in front of the holder 20. The frame 32 is attached to an elevating member 34 that can move up and down in a substantially vertical direction. A cutter holder 36 protruding toward the front side is provided at the upper edge of the frame 32, and the tip of the tearing cutter 38 sandwiched between the cutter holders 36 protrudes downward. Further, a cutter holder 40 protruding toward the front side is provided at the lower edge portion of the frame 32. The cutter holder 40 is attached with two of a substantially V-shaped opening cutter 42 facing downward and a tearing cutter 44 projecting upward. The unsealing cutter 42 is for making a cut at a substantially central part on the blank side (ear 16A side) of the bag 16 fixed to the chucks 24A and 24B in the closed state. Thus, even if the bag 16 is slightly deformed, the shape is devised so that the tip of the bag 16 can be surely cut. Further, the tearing cutters 38 and 44 are for tearing the upper and lower side surfaces of the bag 16 when the bag-containing bacterial bed 14 passes through the frame 32 in the lowered state. When the bag 16 is cut, the fungus bed main body 14A may also be cut somewhat. However, when the line breaks as in this embodiment, the fungus is restored to its original state within a few days. This eliminates the risk of introducing bacteria. The cutters 38, 42, and 44 can be attached to and detached from the cutter holders 36 and 40 by bolts and nuts (not shown).

  In addition, by making the cutter holder 36 detachable with respect to the elevating member 34, the cutters 38, 42, 44 may be replaced instead of being replaced. That is, a cutter holder to which a new cutter is attached is prepared separately, and this is replaced with a used cutter holder. By doing in this way, simplification of the exchange operation | work of cutter 38,42,44 can be achieved.

  On the other hand, one end of a protective sheet 46 is attached to the rear side of the lower edge of the frame 32. The protective sheet 46 covers the surface of the discharge part 48 of the bag-containing fungus bed 14 when the frame 32 is lowered, and the fungus bed main body 14 from which the bag 16 has been peeled is damaged by a step. It protects it from happening. The fungus bed main body 14 discharged sideways on the protective sheet 46 raises one end of the protective sheet 46 together with the frame 32 when the frame 32 is raised, thereby assisting movement of the center of gravity of the fungus bed. , Get up. In addition, the length of the protective sheet 46 is adjusted so that it does not fall further due to the recoil at the time of start-up, or in order to make it stand up stably even if the bag-containing fungus bed 14 is in a dumpling state by performing continuous work. Has been. The elevating member 34 that supports the frame 32 configured as described above can be moved up and down in the direction indicated by the arrow F3 in FIG. The lifting mechanism 62 is connected to the sequencer 54 by wiring.

  Further, a control box 50 having various switches and buttons 52 is provided below the apparatus body 12. A sequencer 54 is provided inside the control box 50. When the switch or button 52 is operated, the sequencer 54 performs drive control of connected motors and the like. A cycle operation button 64 provided on the right side of the holder 20 and an emergency stop button 66 provided on the left side are also connected to the sequencer 54 in the upper part of the apparatus main body 12. A frame 70 for ensuring safety is provided above the bag removing apparatus 10 having the above-described configuration, and the whole can be moved by a caster 72 provided on the bottom surface.

  The push-out mechanism 56 described above includes a rail or guide for defining the sliding direction of the pusher 22, a drive source such as a motor or an actuator, and a drive element such as a rack and pinion as required. The same applies to the opening / closing mechanism 58 and the lifting mechanisms 60 and 62.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. First, it is confirmed that the power switch is “OFF”, the power plug is connected, and the main power is turned on (none of which is shown). After confirming safety and turning on the power, the operation start button of the control box 50 is pressed to prepare for cycle operation. When the bag removing device 10 is ready, as shown in FIG. 2A, with the chucks 24A and 24B closed (closed to the center), the notch 26 has an ear (end) of the bag 16 in the notch 26. The portion 16A is put, the bag-containing bacterial bed 14 is loaded into the holder 20, and the cycle operation button 64 is pushed. When the bag removing apparatus 10 is actuated, first, as shown in FIG. 2 (B), the rod 28 descends from the left and right chucks 24A and 24B in the direction of the arrow F3, and the tip of the rod 28 fits into the hole 30 and 16A is fixed. Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (C), the frame 32 is lowered, and a cut is made to the tip at the substantially central portion of the bag ear 16A by the V-shaped opening cutter 42 on the lower side of the cutter holder 40. . When the cut is made, the chucks 24A and 24B are opened as shown in FIG. Note that the frame 32 continues to descend while the chucks 24A and 24B are open.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (A), when the chucks 24A and 24B are sufficiently opened and the frame 32 is completely lowered to a position where the bag-containing bacteria bed 14 in the holder 20 can pass through the inside, the pusher 22 is activated to enter the bag. The fungus bed 14 is pushed in the direction of arrow F1. When the bag-containing bacteria bed 14 that has been pushed out passes through the frame 32, the bag 16 is cut along the transfer direction by the upper cutting cutter 38 and the lower cutting cutter 44. At this time, since the ear 16A is still sandwiched between the chucks 24A and 24B, as the pusher 22 pushes out, the bag 16 is peeled off from the fungus bed main body 14A and caught by the frame 32, and only the contents are protected by the protective sheet 46. Is sent out to the discharge port 48 (see FIG. 3B). In addition, as mentioned above, even if it cut | disconnects linearly, the bagged bacteria bed 14 will not hurt.

  When the microbial bed main body 14 is completely discharged, as shown in FIG. 3C, the frame 32 is raised, the left and right chucks 24A and 24B are closed, and the pusher 22 is returned to the original position. At this time, since the one end side of the protective sheet 46 is lifted as the frame 32 is raised, the microbial bed main body 14 discharged sideways comes to stand up as shown in FIGS. 4 (C) and 4 (D) in order. . The rising microbial bed main body 14 is transferred to a predetermined environment by an operator. On the other hand, when the rods 28 of the chucks 24A and 24B returned to the closed position are lifted, the bag 16 peeled off from the bacteria bed main body 14A comes out of the chucks 24A and 24B. When processing the next bag-containing microbial bed 14, the remaining bag 16 is removed, the process returns to FIG. 2 (A), and the above operation up to that shown in FIG. 3 (D) is repeated. After the work is completed, a stop switch (not shown) is pressed, the main power is turned off, and cleaning is performed. Moreover, the tearing cutters 38 and 44, the opening cutter 42, etc. are replaced | exchanged as needed.

Thus, according to the first embodiment, there are the following effects.
(1) The blank portion of the bag 16 is fixed by the chucks 24A and 24B, the cut is made by the opening cutter 42 provided on the frame 32, the chucks 24A and 24B are opened to the left and right, and the bagbed bacteria bed 14 is formed by the pusher 22. The extrusion was performed so as to pass through the frame 32. For this reason, the bag 16 can be automatically peeled without damaging the fungus bed body 14, and the working efficiency is greatly improved as compared with the case of manual work.
(2) Since the bagged fungus bed 14 is pushed out in the horizontal direction, the working posture is stabilized, and the extensibility of the process can be provided by providing a conveyor after the fungus bed is pushed out.
(3) A protective sheet 46 is provided at the rear of the frame 32, and when the bag-containing fungus bed 14 is pushed out, the protective sheet 46 is placed on the discharge port 48, so that the fungus bed body 14 is protected from pain. Can do. Further, by lifting one end side of the protective sheet 46, the bacterial bed main body 14A in a lying state can be raised.
(4) Since the cutters 38, 42 and 44 can be removed, maintenance is easy.

  Next, Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, the same code | symbol shall be used for the component which is the same thru | or corresponding to Example 1 mentioned above. Although the said Example 1 is a structure which carries out the bag removal by conveying the bacteria bed 14 in a horizontal direction, this Example 2 carries out the bag removal by conveying the said bacilli bed 14 in a vertical direction. It has a configuration.

  In FIG. 4, the bag removing apparatus 100 has a configuration in which a work table 106 surrounded by a frame 104 is provided on the front surface 102 </ b> A side of the apparatus main body 102 in which a drive mechanism and the like are accommodated. An elevating table 108 is provided substantially at the center of the work table 106, and the bag-containing fungus bed 14 contained in the bag 16 can be placed thereon. A pair of chucks 111 for sandwiching the ears 16 </ b> A are provided on the upper portion of the bag 16, and are attached to the rotary shaft 112. The rotating shaft 112 is rotatable in the direction of the arrow FP, and one end is supported by a bearing 114 provided on the frame 104 and the other end is supported by a bearing (not shown) in the apparatus main body 102. . That is, the chuck 111 is configured to sandwich the ear 16A of the bag 16 and to rotate so as to open the bag 16 by rotating in the direction of the arrow FP.

  In the apparatus main body 102 described above, a cutting cutter 120 is provided at a position close to the bagbed bacterial bed 14 that is moved up and down by the lifting table 108, and the cutting cutter 102 and the bagged bacterial bed 14 are sandwiched therebetween. On the opposite side, another tearing cutter 122 is provided on the frame 104. Among these, the tearing cutter 102 also functions as an opening cutter and is slidable in the arrow FQ direction. Further, in the apparatus main body 102, drive mechanisms (not shown) for the respective parts described above are provided.

  Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described. The operator places the bag 16 of the bag-containing fungus bed 14 on the lifting table 108, rotates the chuck 111, and inserts the ear 16A of the bag 16 into the bag. . When a switch (not shown) is pushed in this state, the chuck 111 sandwiches the ear 16A of the bag 16 by the drive mechanism in the apparatus main body 102, and the lifting table 108 is raised. Then, the cutting cutter 120 cuts the ear 16A of the bag 16 and rotates it in the direction of the chuck 111 arrow FP to open the bag 16. When the elevating table 108 is further raised, the tearing cutter 120 is retracted into the apparatus main body 102 and the side surface of the bag 16 is torn by the tearing cutters 120 and 122. When the lifting table 108 is further raised and the chuck 111 is rotated in the direction of the arrow FP, the fungus bed main body 14A is exposed from the bag 16. Thus, also according to the present embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

  Next, Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 5 (A), the bag removing apparatus 200 of the present embodiment has a configuration in which claws 202A and 202B are provided on the left and right sides of the distal end surface of the pusher 22, respectively. Other parts are the same as those in the first embodiment. The positions of the claws 202 </ b> A and 202 </ b> B can be adjusted by screw means and are positioned so as to have an appropriate gap Δ between the claws 202 </ b> A and 202 </ b> B and the wall surface of the holder 20.

  5 (B) to 5 (D) are top views of the operating state. As shown in FIG. 5 (B), with the chucks 24A and 24B closed (closed to the center), the ear (end) 16A portion of the bag 16 is put into the notch 26, and the fungus bed body 14A Is loaded into the holder 20. Thereafter, the same operation as in Example 1 is performed, and the microbial bed main body 14A as shown in FIG. 5C is pushed out. Since the ear 16A is sandwiched between the chucks 24A and 24B, the bag 16 is turned over by pushing out the bacteria bed 16 by the pusher 22 and is caught by the claws 202A and 202B at the tip of the pusher. In addition, if the stroke of the pusher 22 is made larger than that of the first embodiment, the bag 16 will be satisfactorily caught on the claws 202A and 202B.

  In this state, when the chucks 24A and 24B are opened and the pusher 22 is returned, since the bag 16 is caught by the claws 202A and 202B, the pusher 22 comes back as shown in FIG. The bag 16 that has become unnecessary can be discarded easily.

In addition, this invention is not limited to the Example mentioned above, A various change can be added in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention. For example, the following are also included.
(1) The shape and size of each part in the above-described embodiment is an example, and can be appropriately changed as necessary.
(2) The cutter position, conveyance position, direction, etc. shown in the above embodiment are also examples, and by changing or adjusting these, the degree of bag removal can be adjusted, etc., and can be changed as necessary. It is. For example, when the bag 16 is formed of a material that is relatively easy to tear, the tearing cutters 38 and 44 may be omitted. Furthermore, in the said Example, after opening a bag, the bactericidal bed 14 with a bag was started by the protective sheet 46, However, You may abbreviate | omit this operation. For example, the bag-containing bacteria bed 14 may be sent to the conveyor while being laid down.
(3) As the fixing mechanism, the gripping mechanism, the lifting mechanism, and the pushing mechanism in the above-described embodiment, various known mechanisms may be applied as long as they have the same effect. For example, a configuration using a rack or a pinion may be used, or a configuration using an actuator such as a hydraulic pressure or a pneumatic pressure may be used. The sequencer is also the same, and various known configurations may be used so as to achieve the same effect.
(4) Further, individual processing is performed for each one taken out by the discharge unit, a plurality of collective operations are performed by placing containers, and a conveyor is provided for automatic conveyance. Various known mechanisms and devices may be added as necessary, such as providing a drain receiver for receiving lye.
(5) In the above embodiments, shiitake round fungus beds have been described as examples. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various other fungal beds can be obtained by changing the dimensions of each part of the apparatus. In addition, the bag removing apparatus of the present invention is applicable. Furthermore, it is applicable not only when the fungus bed is removed but also when various solid materials packed in a bag are taken out from the bag.
(6) The degree of the stroke of the pusher 22 shown in the above embodiment may be changed as appropriate. For example,
a, If the stroke is increased, the bag 16 can be almost fully opened.
b, If the stroke is reduced, the bag 16 can be in a half-open state. A part of the microbial bed main body 14A remains in the bag 16 and is manually removed. In this case, this device can be considered as a bag removal assistance device.
c, No stroke or slight stroke, and the chucks 24A and 24B may be opened to the left and right by the length of the bag to push out and remove the fungus bed body 14A. The opening and closing of the chucks 24A and 24B may be a linear locus as in the above embodiment, or may be an arcuate miracle. This method is suitable when the bag 16 is made of a material that is relatively easy to tear. In this case, a cutting cutter is added in the vicinity of the opening cutter 42 shown in the above embodiment. And if this cutting cutter is raised simultaneously with the opening cutter 42 and the bag 16 stretched by the chucks 24A, 24B is cut, the workability of collecting the bag 16 is further improved.

  According to the present invention, by opening and extruding the bag, it is possible to automatically take out the contents from the bag, so it can be applied to opening and removing bags of various solid materials, It is effective for unpacking bagged bacteria beds.

It is a perspective view which shows the whole structure of Example 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the effect | action of the said Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the effect | action of the said Example 1. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the principal part of Example 2 of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the principal part of Example 3 of this invention, and a figure which shows the effect | action.

Explanation of symbols

10: Bag removal device 12: Device main body 14: Bacteria bed in bag 14A: Bacteria bed main body 16: Bag 16A: Ear or end 20: Holder (input)
22: Pusher (extrusion device)
24A, 24B: Chuck 26: Notch portion 28: Rod 30: Hole 32: Frame 34: Lifting member 36, 40: Cutter holder 38, 44: Tear cutter 42: Opening cutter 46: Protection sheet 48: Discharge port 50: Control Box 52: Switch 54: Sequencer 56: Pushing mechanism 58: Opening / closing mechanism 60, 62: Lifting mechanism 64: Cycle operation button 66: Emergency stop button 70: Frame 72: Caster 100: Bag removal device 102: Device main body 102A: Front surface 104 : Frame 106: Work table 108: Lifting table 111: Chuck 112: Rotating shaft 114: Bearing 120, 122: Tear cutter 200: Bag removal device 202A, 202B: Claw

Claims (9)

A bag removal method for unpacking and removing the packed contents,
A step of pressing near both ends of the ears of the bag,
A step of making a cut near the center of the ear where both ends have been pressed by the above-mentioned steps,
A step of pulling the pressed portion of the ear of the bag in both directions after making the cut, and extruding the contents in the direction of the ear;
A bag removing method comprising: A bag removal device for unpacking and taking out the packed contents,
Chuck means for pressing near both ends of the ears of the bag,
Opening cutter means for making a cut near the center of the ear of the bag,
A pulling means for pulling the portion pressed by the chuck means in both directions of the ear;
With
The chuck means presses the vicinity of both ends of the ears of the bag, the incision cutter means cuts the vicinity of the center of the pressed ears, and the ear parts pressed by the chuck means are extended in both directions by the pulling means. The bag removing device is configured to push the contents in the direction of the ears by pulling on the bag. A bag removal device for unpacking and taking out the packed contents,
Chuck means for pressing near both ends of the ears of the bag,
Opening cutter means for making a cut near the center of the ear of the bag,
A pulling means for pulling the portion pressed by the chuck means in both directions of the ear;
Extrusion means for extruding the contents in the direction of the ear,
With
The chuck means presses the vicinity of both ends of the ears of the bag, the incision cutter means cuts the vicinity of the center of the pressed ears, and the ear parts pressed by the chuck means are extended in both directions by the pulling means. The bag removing device is characterized in that the content is pushed out in the direction of the ear by the pushing means.   4. A bag removing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a claw for hooking the bag is provided on the pushing means.   The bag removing apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein a pair of the chuck means is provided, and the pulling means slides or rotates the chuck means in the opposite direction.   6. A bag removing apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a tear cutter means for tearing a side surface of the extruded bag.   A frame body is provided in the vicinity of the chuck means and is displaced so as to cross the passage of the contents. The tear cutter means is attached so as to face the inside of the frame body, and faces the outside of the frame body. The opening cutter means is provided, the frame body is moved, and the opening cutter means makes a cut near the center of the ear of the bag, and stops the frame body at a position where the contents pass through the inside, The bag removing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein when the contents pass through the body, the side of the bag is cut by the cutting cutter means.   8. The bag removing apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a rising means for raising the contents when the contents pass through the frame and return the frame to the original position. The bag removing apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the content is a fungus bed in which a medium adjusted for mushroom cultivation is inoculated with an inoculum.

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