JP2006313565A - Method and device for making three dimensional product and program for making three dimensional product working model - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize both working quality such as working precision and working surface roughness and high working speed by reducing elastic deformation and plastic deformation of a workpiece. <P>SOLUTION: The device for working three dimensional product comprises a dividing section for making a line on the surface of a frame by connecting each support and dividing along the line into one working direction side of concave shape and the other working direction side of convex shape; a first working control means for working an object by controlling the operation of an NC processor following the NC data of the working direction side of concave shape of the three dimensional product working model out of the NC data; and a second working control means for controlling the work of the NC processor following the NC data of the other direction side of convex shape of the three dimensional product working model out of the NC data. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-dimensional product creation method and apparatus, and a three-dimensional product processing model creation program.

  Creation of 3D products uses 3D CAD (Computer Aided Design) equipment to create 3D product processing models according to 3D product shapes using 3D CAD (Computer Aided Manufacturing) models. ) The data is transferred to an apparatus, and NC data is created from the 3D product machining model in this 3D CAM apparatus and transferred to the NC processing machine. This NC processing machine operates in accordance with NC data to cut a workpiece such as a plastic or metal block to cut out a three-dimensional product.

A model for processing a 3D product created by operating a 3D CAD device includes a frame according to the shape of the 3D product and a plurality of supports for supporting the 3D product model in this frame. .
Therefore, in the 3D CAD apparatus, a frame and a plurality of supports are created, and the 3D product model is created by merging the 3D product model with the frames and the plurality of supports.

However, when creating a 3D product processing model by operating a 3D CAD device, knowledge and know-how specific to processing are necessary to determine how to create the shape of the 3D product processing model. is necessary. For this reason, it is difficult for the original designer to determine what the shape of the 3D product processing model should be.
Since the operation of the 3D CAD apparatus becomes more difficult as the shape of the 3D product processing model becomes more complicated, it is necessary to be familiar with the operation of the 3D CAD apparatus. Also, in order to create a 3D product processing model in a short time, the creation of the 3D product processing model must be executed in a short time.

On the other hand, in a 3D product creation method that cuts a 3D product by cutting a workpiece such as a plastic or metal block, the workpiece is elastically deformed or plastically deformed by a processing force applied to the workpiece. Is required to be reduced.
However, in the above three-dimensional product creation method, it is possible to secure or improve the machining dimensional accuracy and the machining surface roughness by reducing the elastic deformation and plastic deformation of the workpiece, and the machining accuracy and the machining surface roughness. It is not considered to achieve both the processing quality such as high speed and the high processing speed.

  For this reason, considering the reduction of elastic deformation and plastic deformation of the workpiece, the machining method by combining the machining process and the tool trajectory that always keeps the thickness of the workpiece that supports the machining point to the maximum, and the three-dimensional product By combining the tool trajectory and the machining process, which always keeps the cross-sectional area of the work piece that supports the machining point of thin-walled structures such as ribs, and keeps the machining force moment acting on the base of the thin-walled structure to the minimum. The processing methods and the processing methods that make these processing methods compatible with high-speed processing are not formulated. Therefore, there is no CAM device for 3D product processing that can create CL data and NC data according to these methods, and the processing of 3D products requires skill and a long processing time.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a three-dimensional product creation method and apparatus capable of reducing the elastic deformation and plastic deformation of a workpiece and achieving both processing quality such as processing accuracy and processing surface roughness and a high processing speed. With the goal.
The present invention also provides a three-dimensional product machining model creation program that reduces elastic deformation and plastic deformation of a workpiece and achieves both machining quality such as machining accuracy and machining surface roughness and a high machining speed. For the purpose.

  The present invention has a three-dimensional product model in which one side is formed into a concave shape and the other side is formed into a convex shape and conforms to the shape of the three-dimensional product, and a plurality of supports are provided in the frame. In the 3D product creation method that creates a 3D product by processing the workpiece and controlling the operation of the NC machine according to the NC data of the 3D product machining model that supports the 3D product model, each support is connected. A first step of creating a line on the frame surface and dividing the line into one processing direction side of the concave shape and the other processing direction side of the convex shape, and a 3D product processing model of NC data A second step of machining a workpiece in accordance with NC data on the one machining direction side that is the concave side shape of the NC, and an NC on the other machining direction side that is the convex side shape of the three-dimensional product machining model in the NC data data Therefore and a third step of processing a workpiece.

  The present invention has a three-dimensional product model in which one side is formed into a concave shape and the other side is formed into a convex shape and conforms to the shape of the three-dimensional product, and a plurality of supports are provided in the frame. In a 3D product creation device that controls the operation of an NC machine according to NC data of a 3D product machining model that supports a 3D product model, and creates a 3D product by machining a workpiece with the NC machine. The support is connected to create a line on the frame surface, and this line divides the concave shape into one processing direction side and the other processing direction side of the convex shape, and 3D product processing of NC data The first machining control means for machining the workpiece by controlling the NC machine in accordance with the NC data on the one machining direction side that becomes the concave shape of the model for machining, and the three-dimensional product machining model of the NC data And an NC processing machine controls the operation in accordance with the NC data in the other working direction of the convex side shape and a second processing control means for processing a workpiece.

  The present invention has a three-dimensional product model in which one side is formed into a concave shape and the other side is formed into a convex shape and conforms to the shape of the three-dimensional product, and a plurality of supports are provided in the frame. Create a 3D product processing model that can be read by a computer that controls the operation of the NC machine according to the NC data of the 3D product processing model that supports the 3D product model, and processes the workpiece to create a 3D product. A program that connects each support to create a line on the frame surface and divides the line into one processing direction side of the concave shape and the other processing direction side of the convex shape by the line; Of these, the step of machining the workpiece in accordance with the NC data on one of the machining directions, which is the concave shape of the 3D product machining model, And a step of processing a workpiece according to the other working direction of the NC data which is convex side shape of use model.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the three-dimensional product preparation method and apparatus which can reduce elastic deformation and plastic deformation of a workpiece, and can make processing quality, such as processing precision and processing surface roughness, and high processing speed compatible are provided. .
Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a model creation program for machining a three-dimensional product that reduces elastic deformation and plastic deformation of a workpiece and achieves both machining quality such as machining accuracy and machining surface roughness and a high machining speed. Can be provided.

Hereinafter, a case where a three-dimensional product is applied to a mock-up that is a product prototype will be described with reference to the drawings as an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a mockup creation apparatus. The main control unit 1 calculates various data according to a mock-up machining model creation program. The main control unit 1 includes a storage device 2, a display 3 such as a liquid crystal display or a CRT, an operation input unit 4 such as a keyboard and a mouse, and a memory for reading data stored in a storage medium such as a flexible disk FD. A transmission unit 6 and an NC processing machine 7 that perform data transmission via a telephone line (Internet) or the like are connected between the medium reading unit 5 and an external device such as a three-dimensional CAD device.

  The storage device 2 includes a program memory 2a, a product model database 2b as a database device, a processing machine database 2c that stores the processing machine data shown in FIG. 2, and a tool database 2d that stores the tool data shown in FIG. A product template database 2e that stores the product template data shown in FIG. 4 is formed.

The program memory 2a stores a mock-up machining model creation program. The mock-up processing model creation program is installed from the flexible disk FD via the storage medium reading unit 5 or received from the external device via the telephone line by the transmission unit 6 and installed from the transmission unit 6. .
The product model database 2b stores various types of three-dimensional product model data.
Processing machine data of the NC processing machine 7 is stored in the processing machine database 2c. As shown in FIG. 2, the processing machine data includes, as attribute data, the name and number of the processing machine, the name and number of the tool used for the processing machine, the diameter of the tool, the tool length, and the frame. It consists of a minimum frame thickness W ′ necessary for mounting on a processing machine.

  The frame 8 is formed in a quadrangular shape as shown in FIG. 5, for example, and has outer diameter dimensions X, Y, and Z on the XYZ axes. The frame 8 has a thickness W ′. The frame 8 supports, for example, a three-dimensional product model 9 which is a mockup as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 through a plurality of supports 10 in the frame. 6 is a view of the three-dimensional product model 9 as viewed from one surface side (second processing direction side described later), and FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the three-dimensional product model 9 on the other surface side (first processing described later). It is the figure seen from the direction side.

The tool data database 2d stores tool data related to tools used in the NC machine 7 or the like. As shown in FIG. 3, the tool data includes, as attribute data, a tool name and its number, a tool diameter, a tool length, and a frame gradient value θ. Of these, the name of the tool and its number coincide with the usable tool name and its number possessed by the processing machine data. The frame gradient value θ is the gradient angle of the gradient surface 11 added to the inner surface of the frame 8 as shown in FIG.
The product template database 2e stores product templates related to various three-dimensional product models 9. As shown in FIG. 4, the product template includes a product name, support 10 dimensions, and the number N of supports 10 as attribute data. Of these, the dimensions of the support 10 include a width Ws, a height Ts, and a minimum length Ls as shown in FIG.

  The main control unit 1 executes an mock-up machining model creation program stored in the database device 2, whereby an initial value data setting unit 12, a frame creation unit 13, a support placement unit 14, and a support creation unit 15, a machining data model creation unit 16, an NC data creation unit 17, a first machining control unit 18, and a second machining control unit 19.

The initial value data setting unit 12 has a function of reading processing machine data, tool data, and a template stored in the database device 2 and setting a set of initial value data obtained by combining these data. This initial value data setting unit 12 has a function for calculating the external dimensions X ₀ , Y ₀ , Z ₀ of the read three-dimensional product model 9, a function for setting reference coordinates in the three-dimensional product model 9, and a frame 8. A function for setting the gradient value θ to be added and a function for setting the dimensions (width Ws, height Ts, minimum length Ls) of the support 10 and the number (support number) N of the supports 10 are provided.

For the setting of the reference coordinates, for example, the average vector of the average unit normal vector is set to + Z for all the surfaces on the three-dimensional product model 9, and this direction is set as the first processing direction. The second processing direction is opposite to the first processing direction.
One processing direction (first processing direction) side is the three-dimensional product model 9 side shown in FIG. 7, and the other processing direction (second processing direction) side is the three-dimensional product model shown in FIG. 9 side.

The frame creation unit 13 reads the minimum length Ls of the support 10 and the width W ′ of the frame 8 from the outer diameter dimensions X ₀ , Y ₀ , Z ₀ of the three-dimensional product model 9 and the initial value data set, and these minimum lengths The following formulas (1) to (4) are calculated using Ls and the width W ′ of the frame 8 to determine the dimensions X, Y, Z, and W of the frame 8, and the dimensions X, Y, Z, and W It has a function of creating the frame 8 as a single part of the frame 8 according to the reference coordinates.

X = X ₀ + 2 · Ls + 2 · W ′ (1)
Y = Y ₀ + 2 · Ls + 2 · W ′ (2)
Z = Z ₀ +10 (3)
W = W '(4)
The support placement unit 14 has a function of placing each support position (support placement point) where a plurality of supports 10 should be created for the frame 8 based on the initial value data. The support placement unit 14 has a function of extracting parting lines in the three-dimensional product model 9 (for example, boundaries between surfaces having different angles) and placing the support 10 on the parting line. The support placement unit 14 has the function of the support placement check unit 14a. The support placement check unit 14a checks whether or not each support placement point is appropriate based on the cross-sectional area of the support 10 created at the support placement point. As a result of the check, the support placement point is inappropriate. If there is, it has a function of correcting or deleting the support placement point.

  The support creation unit 15 has a function of creating a cross section of the support 10 at each of a plurality of support placement points based on the initial value data set, and creating the support 10 by extending the support cross section to the three-dimensional product model 9. Specifically, the support creation unit 15 has functions of a projection unit 15a, a cross-section creation unit 15b, a trim unit 15c, an extrusion unit 15d, and a volume check unit 15e.

The projection unit 15 a has a function of projecting the support arrangement point onto the side surface inside the frame 8.
The cross-section creating unit 15b has a function of reading the dimensions X, Y, Z, W and the thickness W ′ of the support 10 from the initial value data, and creating a support cross-section according to these dimensions and thickness.
The trim portion 15 c has a function of trimming the support cross section according to the shape of the three-dimensional product model 9.
The extruding portion 15 d has a function of extruding the support cross section to the inner surface of the three-dimensional product model 9 to create the support 10.
The volume check unit 15e has a function of calculating the volume of the created support 10 and correcting the support placement point if the volume of the support 10 is smaller than the reference volume.

  The processing data model creation unit 16 merges the frame 8, the plurality of supports 10, and the three-dimensional product model 9, and performs processing from the first processing direction side on the three-dimensional product model 9 side shown in FIG. 7. The first machining data model is created, and a second machining data model for machining from the second machining direction side on the three-dimensional product model 9 side shown in FIG. 6 is created. Specifically, the machining data model creation unit 16 includes a dividing unit 16a, a first machining model creation unit 16b, and a second machining model creation unit 16c.

The dividing portion 16a creates a line on the inner surface of the frame 8 by connecting the end points of the plurality of supports 10 by curves or straight lines, and the inner surface of the frame 8 is connected to the first machining direction side and the second machining by this line. It has the function of dividing into the direction side.
The first machining model creation unit 16b merges the frame 8, the plurality of supports 10, and the three-dimensional product model 9, and creates a first machining data model for machining from the first machining direction side. It has a function.
The second machining model creation unit 16c has a function of creating a second machining data model for machining from the second machining direction side.

The NC data creation unit 17 has a function of creating NC data for controlling the operation of the NC machine 7 based on the first and second machining data models.
The first machining control unit 18 has a function of controlling the operation of the NC machine 7 according to the NC data of the concave shape on the first machining direction side shown in FIG. 7 in the mock-up machining model of the NC data.
After the operation control of the first machining control unit 18 is finished, the second machining control unit 19 has a convex-shaped NC on the second machining direction side shown in FIG. 6 in the mock-up machining model of the NC data. It has a function of controlling the operation of the NC machine 7 according to the data.
These first and second processing control units 18 and 19 control the position of the tool of the NC processing machine 7 along the tool trajectory according to the NC data, and process a workpiece made of a metal or plastic block. It has a function to make it.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the tool trajectory is used to create a mock-up shape (mock-up machining model) Q of the three-dimensional product model 9 in the machining area of the workpiece 20 made of a plastic or metal block. A plurality of layers 21-1 to 21-n are formed in a direction perpendicular to the axis direction (Z-axis), and these layers 21-1 to 21-n are sequentially processed along the axial direction of the tool one by one. It is a contour tool trajectory. The thickness ΔZ of one layer is set to 1 mm, for example.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a contour tool trajectory in a certain plane H. FIG. In the figure, a contour line R generated by cutting the mockup shape Q at the surface H used for generating the layer and a normal direction F of the surface including the contour line R of the mockup shape Q are shown. Yes. The contour tool trajectory is processed into a shape Qf including a predetermined value offset with respect to the mockup shape Q as shown in FIG.

  The mock-up shape Q has a thin structure 22 such as a rib as shown in FIG. For the thin structure 22, the workpiece 20 is processed using a tool 23 having a radius larger than the height of the thin structure 21. As shown in FIGS. 13 (a) and 13 (b), the tool 23 has a shape in which the difference from the radius of the actually used tool 23 has a radius of 0.5 times or more the height of the thin structure 22. . The reference shape 24 of the tool shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 (a) (b) has a radius sufficiently long with respect to the height of the thin structure 22, and the Z axis is a rotationally symmetric axis. It consists of the sum of a hemisphere having a plane in the Z + direction and a cylinder having a radius equal to this and having the Z axis as a rotational symmetry axis.

13 (a) and 13 (b), na is a tool 23 so as to be in contact with the mock-up shape Q along the contour line R generated by cutting the desired mock-up shape Q by a plane perpendicular to the Z-axis. Is a trajectory generated by the tip of the hemispherical surface. nb is a locus obtained by offsetting the locus generated by the hemispherical tip point toward the normal direction of the surface constituting the mock-up shape Q at a certain interval, for example, 1 mm.
The NC processing machine 7 performs processing at high speed, and is controlled in operation by a first processing control unit 18 and a second processing control unit 19.

Next, the operation of the apparatus configured as described above will be described with reference to a flowchart for creating a mock-up machining model shown in FIGS.
In the product model reading step (step # 1), the initial value data setting unit 12 reads the data of the three-dimensional product model 9 stored in the product model database 2b, and the external dimension X of the three-dimensional product model 9 is read from this data. _{0, Y} 0, and calculates the _{Z 0.}

Next, in the product model reference coordinate setting step (step # 2), the initial value data setting unit 12 sets reference coordinates in the three-dimensional product model 9. The reference coordinates are set by, for example, setting the average vector of the average unit normal vector to + Z for all surfaces in the three-dimensional product model 9, and the vector direction is the first for the three-dimensional product model 9 as shown in FIG. The processing direction side.
At the same time, the initial value data setting unit 12 sets the direction opposite to the first processing direction (direction opposite to the angle of 180 °) as the second processing direction side with respect to the three-dimensional product model 9 as shown in FIG.

  Next, in the reference coordinate setting step (step # 3) of the product model, the initial value data setting unit 12 processes the NC machine 7 to be used shown in FIG. 2 from the machine database 2c stored in the database device 2. The machine data is selected and read, the tool attached to the NC machine 7 shown in FIG. 3 is selected from the tool database 2d, the tool data is read, and the product template database 2e is related to the three-dimensional product model 9 shown in FIG. A product template is selected and read, and a set of initial value data composed of these data is set.

At this time, the tool name and its number that can be used by selecting the NC machine 7 and the minimum size required for mounting the NC machine 7 on the frame 8 (the thickness of the frame 8 shown in FIG. 5). Set W ′.
By selecting the tool, the gradient value θ added to the frame 8 shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B is set.
By selecting a product template for each product, the dimensions of the support 10 (width Ws, height Ts, minimum length Ls) and the number of supports 10 (number of supports) N are set.

Next, in the frame creation process (step # 4), the frame creation unit 13 creates the outer diameter dimensions X ₀ , Y ₀ , Z _{0 of} the three-dimensional product model 9 calculated in step # 1 and the step # 3. The minimum length Ls of the support 10 and the width W ′ of the frame 8 are read from the set of initial value data, and the minimum length Ls, the width W ′ of the frame 8 and the above equations (1) to (4) are calculated. The dimensions X, Y, Z, and W of the frame 8 shown in FIG.

Next, the frame creation unit 13 creates the frame 8 having the dimensions X, Y, Z, and W as a single part of the frame 8 according to the reference coordinates set in step # 2.
Next, in the parting line creation step (step # 5), the support placement unit 14 determines, for example, each surface of the three-dimensional product model 9 having different angles with respect to the reference coordinate + Z set in step # 2. As shown in FIG. 16, the boundary between the surface where the average normal vector of the surface of the three-dimensional product model 9 is 0 ≦ angle <90 ° and the surface where 90 ° ≦ angle <180 ° is defined as a parting line La. Extract. FIG. 16 shows a parting line La of a part of the three-dimensional product model 9.

  Next, in the support position arrangement step (step # 6), the support arrangement unit 14 reads the number N of supports 10 from the initial value data set created in step # 3, and the three-dimensional product according to the number N of supports 10 On the parting line La extracted on the model 9, N points TNa indicating support placement points for creating the support 10 are arranged at equal intervals as shown in FIG.

Next, in the support placement point check process (step # 7), the support placement check unit 14a orthographically projects a unit vector parallel to the tangent to the parting line La at the point TNa and the unit vector onto the XY plane. An angle θa formed by the generated vector is calculated. The direction of the unit vector is arbitrary.
When the angle θa at the support placement point TNa is, for example, θ ≧ 30 °, when a cross section passing through the support placement point TNa is created in the subsequent process, the area Sa of the cross section 10a of the support 10 is reduced as shown in FIG. In this figure, when the cross-sectional area Sa of the support 10 is obtained with respect to the point TNa of the arc portion in the three-dimensional product model 9, this cross-sectional area Sa is the area of the hatched portion Sb corresponding to the arc portion of the three-dimensional product model 9. It gets smaller by the minute.

Accordingly, since the volume of the support 10 becomes small and the strength becomes insufficient, the support arrangement check unit 14a issues a warning for urging correction of the support arrangement point and displays this warning on the display 3 (step # 8).
Next, when a warning for prompting support placement point correction is issued, in the support location correction step (step # 9), the support placement point TNa whose support placement point correction is prompted is moved or deleted. Done.

  Next, in the step of projecting to the frame side surface (step # 10), the projection unit 15a of the support creating unit 15 places the parting line La and the support arrangement point TNa on the side surface inside the frame 8 as shown in FIG. Orthographic projection is performed, and the parting line La and the support arrangement point TNa are created on the inner surface of the frame. The line created at this time is defined as a line Lb, and the support arrangement point TNa is defined as TNb.

  The normal projection means that the support arrangement point TNa and the parting line La are vertically irradiated with parallel rays, and the shadow is projected on a plane to create the point TNb and the line Lb.

The projection direction is the inner product of the unit vector in the projection direction and the unit normal vector at the support placement point TNa among the four directions of the X axis + direction, the X axis− direction, the Y axis + direction, and the Y axis− direction. Select the direction where becomes the largest.
Next, in the support cross-section creating step (step # 11), the cross-section creating section 15b reads the dimensions X, Y, Z, W and the thickness W ′ of the support 10 from the initial value data set, and these dimensions X, Y, Z , W and thickness W ′, the support cross section 10a passing through the point TNb is created.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 18, the distance l between the end of the support cross section 10a on the second processing direction side and the point TNb is set so that l> 0, for example, 1 mm.

As shown in FIG. 19, the trim portion 15c trims the support cross section 10a according to the shape of the three-dimensional product model 9 with the first processing direction side seen from the line Lb. This prevents the support 10 from biting into the three-dimensional product model 9 and affecting the shape of the three-dimensional product model 9.
Here, when the distance l shown in FIG. 18 is l> 0, and the angle θa at the support placement point TNa calculated in step # 7 is θ> 0, the second cross-section direction side of the support cross section 10a. As a result, the entire edge of the cross section interferes with the three-dimensional product model 9, and even after trimming, the gap between the edge on the second machining direction side of the support cross section 10a and the three-dimensional product model 9 can be eliminated. . That is, the contact area between the support 10 and the three-dimensional product model 9 can be increased, and the strength of the support 10 can be increased.

As shown in FIG. 20, when the edge on the second machining direction side of the support section 10a is on the point TNb and the angle θa> 0, the edge on the second machining direction side of the support section 10a A gap G is generated between the three-dimensional product model 9.
Next, in the support creation step (step # 12), the extruding portion 15d moves the support cross section 10 on the side surface of the frame 8 created in step 11 to the inner side surface 9a of the three-dimensional product model 9 as shown in FIG. Extrude and create a support 10.
The support 10 is created using a solidification method called boundary representation (B-Reps). In the boundary expression, this movement is regarded as a kind of rotation when it goes around the edge of the support cross section 10a, and it is defined that there is a substantial part in the direction in which the right screw advances by the rotation. Here, this operation is expressed as extruding the support cross section 10a, and the direction in which the right screw advances is expressed as the extruding direction. At this time, one support 10 is created as a single part.

As described above, the support 10 is formed by extruding up to the inner surface 9a of the three-dimensional product model 9, so that the joining area between the three-dimensional product model 9 and the support 10 can be increased, and the strength can be secured to a predetermined value or more.
Since the support cross section 10a is not created on the parting line La but on the side surface of the frame 8, the pushing direction of the support 10 can be unidirectional, and the number of times of calculating the pushing distance can be reduced. In the conventional method, it is necessary to calculate the distance from the parting line La to the frame 8 and the distance in two directions from the parting line La to the inner surface 9a of the three-dimensional product model 9.

When the support cross-section 10a passing through the support placement point TNa is created on the outer surface of the three-dimensional product model 9, the surface of the three-dimensional product model 9 is usually a large number of curved surfaces and a gradient is added. Even if the cross-sectional shape is created on the outer surface of the three-dimensional product model 9, it is difficult to grasp and correct.
On the other hand, since the inner surface of the frame 8 is a flat surface and a slope surface, it is easy to grasp the cross-sectional shape of the support 10 and to easily correct the cross-section.
Therefore, in this apparatus, since the support cross section 10a is created on the side surface of the frame 8, the procedure for creating the support cross section 10a can be reduced, and the calculation time can be shortened.

Next, in the support volume check process (step # 13), the volume check unit 15e calculates the volume V of the support 10 created by using the volume calculation function of the three-dimensional CAD apparatus, The reference volume V ₀ is compared.
As a result of this comparison, it is determined that the volume of the support 10 is small when, for example, V ≦ 0.5V ₀ with respect to the volume V of the support 10 and the reference volume V ₀ . If the volume of the support 10 is small, the strength of the support 10 is insufficient. Therefore, the volume check unit 15e issues a warning for prompting correction of the support placement point TNa and displays this on the display 3. Thereby, it returns to a support position correction process (step # 9) as needed, and support arrangement | positioning point TNa is corrected.

  Next, in the frame inner side surface dividing step (step # 14), the dividing unit 16a of the processing data model creating unit 16 is a straight line or a smooth curve between the end points of the support 10 whose Z direction is close to the parting line La. As shown in FIG. 22, a line Lc parallel to the XY plane from the end point to the end of the inner surface of the frame 8 is created. The dividing portion 16a divides the inner side surface of the frame 8 into a first processing direction side and a second processing direction side by the line Lc.

  Next, in the frame gradient adding step (step # 15), the machining data model creation unit 16 creates the first machining direction side surface inside the frame divided in step # 14 in step # 3. The gradient value θ shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B is read from the initial value data set, and a gradient is added in a direction opposite to the three-dimensional product model 9 according to the gradient value θ.

  Next, in the shape data model (MODEL2) creation step (step # 16), the second machining model creation unit 16c merges the three-dimensional product model 9, the frame 8, and the plurality of supports 10 into one part. A second machining data model (MODEL2) for machining from the second machining direction side as shown in FIG. 6 is created.

  Next, in the model copying step (step # 17), the machining data model creation unit 16 copies the second machining data model (MODEL2) created in step # 16 and uses this as the first machining data model. The basic model (MODEL1 ') of the machining model for machining from the direction.

  Next, in the hole closing step (step # 18), the machining data model creation unit 16 creates holes such as horizontal holes and screw holes with respect to the basic model (MODEL1 ′) of the machining model created in step # 17. Cover the area with a surface.

Next, in the surface creation step (step # 19), the machining data model creation unit 16 performs the support 10 and the first machining direction side with respect to the basic model (MODEL1 ′) of the machining model as shown in FIG. A surface Sf (shaded portion) is stretched between the edge of the three-dimensional product model 9 and the line Lc in contact therewith.
Next, in the surface deletion process (step # 20), the machining data model creation unit 16 performs the surface of the 3D product model portion with respect to the basic model (MODEL1 ′) of the machining model copied in step # 17. Of these, all the surfaces on the second machining direction side are deleted from the party line La.

  The processing data model creation unit 16 also deletes all surfaces on the second processing direction side from the surfaces in contact with the parting line La in the support 10 portion.

The processing data model creation unit 16 also deletes all the surfaces on the second processing direction side of the frame 8 from the inner surface of the frame 8 with respect to the line Lc.
In the bottom surface creation step (step # 21), the machining data model creation unit 16 is on the second machining direction side with respect to the basic model (MODEL1 ′) of the machining model on which the surface has been processed in step # 20. Cover the frame opening with a surface.

  Next, in the shape data model (MODEL1) creation step (step # 22), the first machining model creation unit 16b performs the basic model (the machining model in which the frame opening is closed by the surface in step # 21). For MODEL1 '), all the surfaces Sf are connected to create one part, and the first machining data model (MODEL1) for machining from the first machining direction side as shown in Fig. 24 is created. To do. FIG. 25 shows the bottom surface of the first machining data model (MODEL1).

Next, in the IGES (initial graphics exchange specification) data writing process (step # 23), the machining data model creation unit 16 and the second machining data model (MODEL2) created in step # 16 and step # 22. The data in the format of IGES with the first machining data model (MODEL1) created in step 1 is written out.
As described above, a mock-up machining model can be easily created in a short time without the skill of creating a mock-up machining model.

Next, the NC data creation unit 17 reads data in the IGES format of the second machining data model (MODEL2) and the first machining data model (MODEL1), and operates the NC machine 7 from this data. NC data to be controlled is created and transferred to the NC machine 7.
Next, a workpiece 20 made of a plastic or metal block is set on the NC processing machine 7. The NC processing machine 7 processes the workpiece 20 according to the processing procedure shown in FIG.

  First, processing on the first processing direction side (concave side) is performed. That is, the first machining control unit 18 controls the operation of the NC machine 7 according to the NC data of the first machining data model (MODEL1, concave side) shown in FIG. 7 in the mock-up machining model of the NC data. .

This NC processing machine 7 processes the workpiece 20 by controlling the position of the tool in the XY plane direction and the Z-axis direction along the tool trajectory according to the NC data.
The movement trajectory of the tool at this time is a contour tool trajectory for creating the first machining data model (MODEL1) as shown in FIG. That is, the contour tool trajectory forms a plurality of layers 21-1 to 21-n in the machining area of the workpiece 20 in a direction perpendicular to the axis (Z-axis) direction of the tool. 21-n is a trajectory for machining one layer at a time along the axial direction of the tool.

The NC processing machine 7 processes one layer at a time from the + Z axis to the Z-direction, that is, from the layer 21-1 to the layer 21-n among the plurality of layers 21-1 to 21-n. When the above processing is completed, the workpiece 20 is processed by sequentially repeating the procedure for processing the next layer. The thickness ΔZ of one layer is set to 1 mm, for example.
Further, as shown above, the contour line R generated by cutting the mop-up shape Q on the surface H used for generating the layer, as shown in the contour tool trajectory in a certain plane H in FIG. 11, and the mop A normal direction F of the surface including the contour line R of the up shape Q is shown.
The contour tool trajectory is processed into a shape Qf including a predetermined value offset with respect to the mockup shape Q as shown in FIG.

On the other hand, the mock-up shape Q has a thin structure 22 such as a rib as shown in FIG. In order to process the thin structure 22, the workpiece 20 is processed by setting a tool 23 having a radius larger than the height of the thin structure 21 on the NC processing machine 7.
As shown in FIGS. 13 (a) and 13 (b), the tool 23 has a shape in which the difference from the radius of the tool 23 that is actually used has a radius that is 0.5 times or more the height of the thin-walled structure 22. It is done.

  The trajectory of the tool 23 at this time has a radius sufficiently long with respect to the height of the thin structure 22 as shown in FIG. 12, for example, a radius of 0.5 times or more of the height, and the Z axis A reference shape 24 consisting of a sum of a hemisphere having a plane in the Z + direction with a rotational symmetry axis and a cylinder having the same radius and the Z axis as a rotational symmetry axis, for example, the shape of a ball end mill is changed to a mock-up shape Q On the other hand, when the translational movement is made so as to contact at a certain interpolation interval, the surface generated by the locus of the hemispherical tip point, that is, the mock-up shape Q is offset by using the reference shape 24.

FIG. 27 shows the relationship between the height H of the thin-walled structure 22, the radius r of the tool 23, and the radius R of the reference shape 24. 0.5H <R−r (5)
Holds.

  Accordingly, the NC processing machine 7 moves the tool 23 according to the trajectories na and nb shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B and processes the workpiece 20. In other words, the NC machine 7 has the tool 23 in contact with the mock-up shape Q along the contour R generated by cutting the desired mock-up shape Q along a plane perpendicular to the Z-axis. Is moved along the locus na generated by the hemispherical tip.

  The NC processing machine 7 moves the tool 23 along the locus nb obtained by offsetting the locus generated by the hemispherical tip point toward the normal direction of the surface forming the mock-up shape Q at a certain interval, for example, 1 mm. Move. As a result, as shown in FIG. 28, the offset portion 25 corresponding to 0.5H is created for the thin-walled structure 22 as shown in the above formula (5), and thereafter the offset portion 25 is offset using the tool 23 having the radius r. The thin structure 22 can be processed by processing the portion 25.

When the machining on the first machining direction side is completed, the workpiece 20 is set in the NC machine 7 with the machining direction to the workpiece 20 reversed as shown in FIG.
Next, processing on the second processing direction side (convex side) is performed. That is, the second machining control unit 19 controls the operation of the NC machine 7 according to the NC data of the second machining data model (MODEL2, convex side) shown in FIG. 6 in the mock-up machining model of the NC data. .

  This NC processing machine 7 processes the workpiece 20 by controlling the position of the tool in the XY plane direction and the Z-axis direction along the tool trajectory according to the NC data. The tool movement trajectory at this time is a contour tool trajectory for creating the second machining data model (MODEL2), as shown in FIG.

When the processing on the second processing direction side is completed, the mock-up shape Q of the three-dimensional product model 9 is supported by the plurality of supports 10 inside the frame 8.
In the next step, these supports 10 are cut and the mock-up shape Q is cut off from the frame 8. As a result, a mockup shape Q is obtained.
As described above, according to the above-described embodiment, the machine data, tool data, and the product template of the 3D product model 9 related to the 3D product model 9 are read to set a set of initial value data. A frame 8 is created based on the set of data, and each support position where a plurality of supports 10 are to be created is arranged with respect to the frame 8, and a cross section of the support 10 is created at each of these support arrangement points. Is extended to the 3D product model to create the support 10, and the frame 8, the plurality of supports 8 and the 3D product model 9 are merged to create the first and second machining data models. A model for mock-up machining can be easily created in a short time even without the skill to create a model for the machine.

When the mock-up processing model is created, if the volume of the support 10 is small, the strength is insufficient. Therefore, a warning for urging the support arrangement point can be issued, and the support arrangement point can be moved or deleted.
The entire edge of the support cross section 10a interferes with the three-dimensional product model 9, and the gap between the edge of the support cross section 10a and the three-dimensional product model 9 can be eliminated. The strength of the support 10 can be increased by increasing the contact area with 9.

Since the support cross section 10a is created on the side surface of the frame 8, the procedure for creating the support cross section 10a can be reduced and the calculation time can be shortened.
Since the volume V of the support 10 is checked, if the volume V of the support 10 is smaller than the reference volume V ₀ , the strength of the support 10 is insufficient. Therefore, a warning for urging the support placement point TNa is issued and the support placement point TNa is set. Can be corrected.
Further, according to the above-described embodiment, the workpiece 20 is machined according to the concave shape NC data of the mock-up machining model NC data, the workpiece 20 is inverted, and then the convex shape Since the workpiece 20 is machined according to the NC data, and after these steps, the mock-up machining model Q is separated by cutting the plurality of supports 10 supporting the mock-up machining model Q with respect to the frame 8. Elastic deformation and plastic deformation of the workpiece 20 made of a plastic or metal block can be reduced, and both processing quality such as processing accuracy and processing surface roughness and a high processing speed can be achieved.

  In particular, a plurality of layers 21-1 to 21-n are formed in a machining area of the workpiece 20 in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the tool 23, and these layers 21-1 to 21-n are sequentially formed one by one. A thin-walled structure having a shape including a predetermined value offset with respect to the mock-up machining model Q by moving the tool 23 along the contour tool trajectory machined along the axial direction of the machine 23 to machine the workpiece 20 For the object 22, the workpiece 20 is processed using the reference shape 24 having a radius R that is 0.5 times or more larger than the height H of the thin-walled structure 22, so that the processing to the thin-walled structure 22 is performed. Elastic deformation and plastic deformation of the thin-walled structure 22 due to the internal processing force can be reduced, and required processing dimensional accuracy and processing surface roughness can be ensured.

If the processing method of the mock-up processing model Q is standardized, a three-dimensional CAM device capable of generating CL data and NC data necessary for the processing can be developed.
Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be variously modified without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage.
Furthermore, the above embodiments include inventions at various stages, and various inventions can be extracted by appropriately combining a plurality of disclosed constituent requirements. For example, even if some constituent elements are deleted from all the constituent elements shown in the embodiment, the problem described in the column of the problem to be solved by the invention can be solved, and is described in the column of the effect of the invention. If the effect is obtained, a configuration from which this configuration requirement is deleted can be extracted as an invention.

  For example, in addition to processing machine data, tool data, and product template data, it is possible to automate the creation of NC data for mop-up processing by having processing information having processing conditions. By executing this process in the mock-up three-dimensional data creation program, the mopp-up processing model is completed, and at the same time, NC data is created, thereby reducing man-hours and working time.

1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a three-dimensional product creation apparatus according to the present invention. The schematic diagram of the processing machine data in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. The schematic diagram of the tool data in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. The schematic diagram of the product template in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. The figure which shows the dimension of the flame | frame in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. The figure which looked at the three-dimensional product model currently supported by the flame | frame in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product production apparatus concerning this invention from the one surface side. The figure which looked at the 3D product model currently supported by the flame | frame in one Embodiment of the 3D product preparation apparatus concerning this invention from the other surface side. The figure which shows the frame gradient value in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. The figure which shows the dimension of the support in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. The figure which shows the contour-line tool locus | trajectory of the tool in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. The figure which shows the contour-line tool locus | trajectory in one plane in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. The figure which shows the offset shape of the three-dimensional product shape in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. The figure which shows the tool locus | trajectory with respect to the thin structure in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. 3 is a flowchart for creating a 3D product processing model in an embodiment of the 3D product creation apparatus according to the present invention. 3 is a flowchart for creating a model for processing a three-dimensional product in an embodiment of a three-dimensional product creating apparatus according to the present invention. The figure which shows extraction of the parting line in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. The figure which shows the support arrangement | positioning check by the support cross-sectional area in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. The figure which shows the orthographic projection of the parting line and support arrangement | positioning point in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. The figure which shows the support cross section after trimming in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. The figure which shows the case where a clearance gap produces between a support cross section and a three-dimensional product model in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product production apparatus concerning this invention. The figure which shows creation of the support in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. The figure which shows the division | segmentation into the 1st process direction side and 2nd process direction side in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. The schematic diagram of the 2nd data model for a process (MODEL2) in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. The schematic diagram of the 2nd data model for a process (MODEL1) in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. The model of the bottom face of the 2nd processing data model (MODEL1) in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention. The figure which shows the process sequence in the NC processing machine in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product preparation apparatus concerning this invention. The figure which shows the relationship between the height of a thin structure in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product production apparatus concerning this invention, the radius of a tool, and the radius of a reference shape. The figure which shows the offset part to the thin structure in one Embodiment of the three-dimensional product creation apparatus concerning this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  1: main control unit, 2: storage device, 2a: program memory, 2b: product model database, 2c: processing machine database, 2d: tool data database, 2e: product template database, 3: display, 4: operation input unit, 5: storage medium reading unit, 6: transmission unit, 7: NC processing machine, 8: frame, 9: three-dimensional product model, 10: support, 11: gradient surface, 12: initial value data setting unit, 13: frame creation Part: 14: support placement part, 15: support creation part, 15a: projection part, 15b: section creation part, 15c: trim part, 15d: extrusion part, 15e: volume check part, 16: data model creation part for processing, 16a: division unit, 16b: first machining model creation unit, 16c: second machining model creation unit, 17: NC data creation unit, 18: first machining control Part, 19: second processing control unit, 20: workpiece, 21-1 to 21-n: multiple layers, 22: thin-walled structure, 23: tool, 24: reference shape, 25: offset portion, Q : Mop-up shape (3D product shape).

Claims (6)

One side is formed in a concave shape and the other side is formed in a convex shape, and has a three-dimensional product model according to the shape of the three-dimensional product, and the three-dimensional product is provided via a plurality of supports in a frame. In the 3D product creation method of creating a 3D product by processing the workpiece and controlling the operation of the NC machine according to the NC data of the 3D product machining model that supports the model,
A first step of connecting each support to create a line on the frame surface and dividing the line into one processing direction side of the concave shape and the other processing direction side of the convex shape;
A second step of machining the workpiece in accordance with the NC data on the one machining direction side that is the concave shape of the three-dimensional product machining model of the NC data;
A third step of machining the workpiece in accordance with the NC data on the other machining direction side that becomes the convex shape of the three-dimensional product machining model of the NC data;
A method for producing a three-dimensional product, comprising:   The tool trajectory when machining the workpiece is such that a plurality of layers are formed in the machining area of the workpiece in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the tool, and these layers are sequentially layered one by one in the axial direction of the tool. The three-dimensional product creation method according to claim 1, wherein the tool trace is a contour tool trajectory processed along a line.   The three-dimensional product creation method according to claim 2, wherein the contour tool trajectory is processed into a shape including an offset having a predetermined value with respect to the three-dimensional product processing model. One side is formed in a concave shape and the other side is formed in a convex shape, and has a three-dimensional product model according to the shape of the three-dimensional product, and the three-dimensional product is provided via a plurality of supports in a frame. In a 3D product creation device that controls the operation of an NC machine according to NC data of a 3D product machining model that supports the model, and creates a 3D product by machining a workpiece with the NC machine,
A dividing part that connects the supports to create a line on the frame surface, and divides the line into one processing direction side of the concave side shape and the other processing direction side of the convex side shape,
First machining for machining the workpiece by controlling the operation of the NC machine according to the NC data on the one machining direction side that is the concave shape of the three-dimensional product machining model of the NC data. Control means;
Second machining for machining the workpiece by controlling the operation of the NC machine in accordance with the NC data on the other machining direction side that is the convex shape of the three-dimensional product machining model among the NC data. Control means;
A three-dimensional product creation apparatus characterized by comprising: The first machining control means controls the position of the tool of the NC machine along the trajectory of the tool according to the NC data on the one machining direction side having the concave shape. Process the workpiece,
The second machining control means controls the position of the tool of the NC machine along the locus of the tool according to the NC data on the other machining direction side having the convex side shape, and Process the workpiece,
Each of the tool trajectories forms a plurality of layers in the processing region of the workpiece in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the tool, and sequentially processes these layers along the axial direction of the tool one by one. Contour tool trajectory,
The three-dimensional product creation apparatus according to claim 4. One side is formed in a concave shape and the other side is formed in a convex shape, and has a three-dimensional product model according to the shape of the three-dimensional product, and the three-dimensional product is provided via a plurality of supports in a frame. This is a 3D product processing model creation program readable by a computer that controls the operation of an NC machine according to the NC data of the 3D product processing model that supports the model, and processes the workpiece to create a 3D product. And
Connecting each of the supports to create a line on the frame surface and dividing the line into one processing direction side of the concave shape and the other processing direction side of the convex shape;
Machining the workpiece in accordance with the NC data on the one machining direction side that is the concave shape of the three-dimensional product machining model of the NC data;
Machining the workpiece in accordance with the NC data on the other machining direction side that is the convex shape of the three-dimensional product machining model among the NC data;
A program for creating a model for processing a three-dimensional product, comprising:

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