JP2006313053A - Electric floor heating control device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the value of an inrush current of a PTC heater generating when an electric floor heating device using the PTC heater comes into a cold operation so as to bring the value close to the rated current value of a control device, and to allow the PTC heater corresponding to the rated power value of the control device to be connectable without an overload. <P>SOLUTION: In the electric floor heating device that uses a PTC heater having a PTC characteristic, the PTC heater is divided into a plurality of heater blocks 19-24, and triacs 10-15 that can directly control AC power are allocated to the respective circuits. The triacs are configured into circuits such that the conducting time and nonoperating time are freely adjustable in half cycles without controlling a conduction angle. Furthermore, the device is configured to allocate conducting times to the divided heater block circuits one by one and to heat up all of the heater blocks simultaneously while suppressing a load current of the floor heating device. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is an electric floor heating apparatus using a PTC heater having a PTC characteristic as a heating element that generates heat when energized, and a temperature at which the body temperature of the PTC heater can be directly measured with a triac that can directly control the AC power applied to the PTC heater. The present invention relates to an electric floor heating control device configured to control heat generation by a sensor.

  As a heating element of this type of electric floor heating apparatus, a PTC heater having PTC characteristics (self-temperature control characteristics by using a material having a large positive resistance temperature coefficient) is often used. In other words, this type of PTC heater increases its electrical resistance and its current value automatically decreases as its body temperature rises. Therefore, if the installation environment temperature is constant, the body temperature of the PTC heater is directly measured. Even if feedback control is not performed, the main body temperature of the PTC heater can be maintained at a substantially constant temperature only by an ON / OFF switch using a mechanical relay, and is frequently used as a heating element of the electric floor heating device described above. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  JP-A-6-104070

  However, in the electric floor heating apparatus using the PTC heater described above, since the main body temperature of the PTC heater is low at the start of cold operation, the electrical resistance becomes small, and the inrush current value becomes 250% of the rated current value. The rated current value of the breaker installed for overcurrent protection is set to 200% of the rated current value of the control device, and the rated power consumption value of the connected PTC heater is reduced to 80% of the rated power value of the control device. It was necessary to take measures such as rating to avoid an overcurrent trip of the breaker.

In addition, the rated current value of the mechanical relay in the control device is often set to 100% in the same manner as the rated current value of the control device, which causes problems of contact life and contact welding.
Furthermore, it is necessary to consider that the electrical capacity of the switchboard equipment that supplies power to the electric floor heating system is such that the short-time rated power of the control device will be 200% or more. There was also the negative effect of increasing the electricity bill because it was not possible.

For this reason, in an electric floor heater using a PTC heater having PTC characteristics, a triac capable of directly controlling AC power is connected to the PTC heater, and the conduction angle of the triac is changed between 0 ° and 180 ° within a half cycle. A control method is known.
However, in order to keep the inrush current value at the start of cold operation from 250% to 100%, the conduction angle of the triac needs to be 78 °, so the conduction time is only 44% and the PTC heater heats up for a long time. Take it. Further, since harmonics are generated when the triac is turned on, the filter circuit of the control device must be strengthened as an EMC countermeasure.

  Further, in an electric floor heating apparatus using a PTC heater having PTC characteristics, for example, as disclosed in JP-A-2002-267194, the PTC heater is divided into a plurality of heater blocks, and AC power is supplied to each circuit. A temperature sensor that can directly measure the temperature of the PTC heater body of the divided heater block is affixed at the time of floor construction, and energization is started from the higher priority heater block at the start of cold operation. There has also been proposed a method of controlling the heater blocks in order of priority when the current value is lowered to a stable temperature.

  However, in such a conventional control method, not all the heater blocks can be heated up at the same time, and it takes time to heat up by the heater block division multiple of the normal heat-up time. In addition, since the other heater blocks must be stopped until the current value of the last heater block is low and stable, the heater block with higher priority falls in temperature, and re-enters when all heater blocks are re-energized. Electric current is generated and does not make sense.

  Furthermore, even if all heater blocks with high priority are operated without being stopped, the rated current value will be exceeded due to the inrush current that occurs when the last heater block is energized, so the heater block is divided finely. There is also a problem that the control device becomes complicated by increasing the amount of the relay circuit and the temperature sensor divided.

  Moreover, in an electric floor heating apparatus using a PTC heater having PTC characteristics, for example, as disclosed in JP-A-2005-42979, the PTC heater is divided into two heater blocks, and AC power is supplied to each circuit. Assign a relay circuit and parallel half-wave rectifier diodes in opposite directions, and attach a temperature sensor that can directly measure the temperature of the PTC heater body of the divided heater block at the time of floor construction, and at the start of cold operation A method is proposed in which both relay circuits are opened and both relay circuits are short-circuited and controlled when the half-cycle inrush currents flowing in opposite directions flow through the two heater blocks and the energizing current value is low and stable. Has been.

  However, in such a conventional control method, it is necessary to provide a separate relay circuit in order to completely cut off the energization current to the two heater blocks, and there is a problem that the transformer of the distribution panel equipment is DC-biased. The two heater blocks cannot be controlled individually. Further, since there are only two current directions that can be controlled, the heater block cannot be divided into three or more.

  Furthermore, in an electric floor heating apparatus using a PTC heater having PTC characteristics, the installation area may be installed in a wide place such as a gymnasium. In such a case, the PTC heater is assigned to a heater zone that can be controlled for each of a plurality of control devices, and a relay drive signal is output from the master unit so that each control device can be operated in an interlocked manner. A method for controlling the above is considered.

  In such a method, since the inrush current value of the PTC heater generated at the start of cold operation is double the number of control devices used, the electrical capacity of the distribution panel equipment for supplying power is also rated for the short time of the entire electric floor heating device. It is necessary to consider that the electric power becomes 200% or more, and the capacity of the transformer to be used must be increased, so that the equipment cost becomes high. In addition, in order to connect two or more slave units, relay drive signals for the number of slave units must be output from the master unit. Driving becomes difficult.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and in an electric floor heating apparatus using a PTC heater having PTC characteristics, the inrush current value of the PTC heater generated at the start of cold operation is calculated as the rated current of the control apparatus. By limiting the value close to the value and connecting a PTC heater equivalent to the rated power value of the control device without derating, the floor area that can be heated can be expanded and the contract current with the electric power company is reduced. The present invention also provides an electric floor heating control device that can reduce the cost of electricity and can reduce the equipment cost because the electrical capacity of the switchboard equipment that supplies power to the control device can be reduced.

  In order to meet such an object, an electric floor heating control apparatus according to the present invention (the invention according to claim 1) is an electric floor heating apparatus using a PTC heater having a PTC characteristic. A plurality of heater block circuits configured by dividing the plurality of heater blocks, a plurality of triacs that directly control AC power to each circuit, and a plurality of temperature sensors that directly measure the temperature of the PTC heater in each heater block. It is characterized in that AC power is fixed to each circuit at a conduction angle of 180 °, and the energization time and the rest time can be arbitrarily controlled in half-cycle units.

  According to the first aspect of the invention, in the electric floor heating apparatus using the PTC heater having the PTC characteristic, the inrush current value of the PTC heater generated at the start of the cold operation can be suppressed close to the rated current value of the control device. The PTC heater corresponding to the rated power value of the control device can be connected without derating, and the floor area that can be heated by one control device can be expanded. In addition, according to the present invention, so-called zero-cross power time control operation is performed, which is excellent in terms of power factor, and since there is no significant shift in the energization start time due to the difference in priority to the heater block circuit, The heater block can be heated up at the same time, and the time to reach a comfortable temperature can be shortened.

  The present invention (invention of claim 2), in an electric floor heating apparatus using a PTC heater having PTC characteristics, a plurality of heater block circuits configured by dividing the PTC heater into a plurality of heater blocks, A plurality of triacs that directly control the AC power to the circuit are provided, and the AC power is fixed at a conduction angle of 180 ° in each circuit, and the energization time and the rest time can be arbitrarily controlled in half-cycle units. The heater block circuits are allotted in turn and all the heater blocks are heated up simultaneously while suppressing the load current of the electric floor heating system. Set the energization time to be shorter than the predetermined response time of the breaker, Average effective value by adding a predetermined pause time during the energization time of the can and controls to be less than 100%.

  According to the invention described in claim 2, during the low-speed heat-up operation in which all heater blocks are heated up simultaneously while suppressing the load current of the electric floor heating device by sequentially assigning the energization time to the divided heater block circuits. Since the inrush current value of the PTC heater generated at the start of the cold operation is 250% of the rated current value, even if the heater block is divided into two parts of 50% each, the inrush current value is In order to avoid the problem of overcurrent trip when the rated current value of the breaker installed for overcurrent protection is 100%, the energization time to all the divided heater block circuits is 125%. Is set to be shorter than the breaker response time (for example, within 1 second) and the energization time to each heater block circuit Add a certain pause time is controlled so that the average effective value is below 100% while, in which so as to perform the required slow heat-up operation.

  According to the present invention (invention of claim 3), in the electric floor heating control apparatus of claim 2 described above, a plurality of temperature sensors for directly measuring the temperature of the PTC heater in each heater block are provided, and these temperatures are provided. If at least one temperature measured by the sensor is lower than the specified temperature, the low-speed heat-up operation is automatically performed. If all the temperatures measured by the temperature sensor are equal to or higher than the specified temperature, the low-speed heat-up operation is performed. Is controlled so as to finish the heat-up operation in a short time by canceling and automatically shifting to the next operation mode.

  According to invention of Claim 3, the temperature sensor which can directly measure the temperature of the main body of the PTC heater of the divided | segmented heater block was affixed at the time of floor surface construction, and the temperature sensor affixed on the main body of the PTC heater measured here If even one temperature is less than a specified temperature (for example, less than 10 ° C), the low-speed heat-up operation described above is automatically entered, but all the temperatures measured by the temperature sensor are above the specified temperature (for example, 10 ° C or more). Then, since the cold inrush current value of the PTC heater generated at the start of operation does not exceed 200% of the rated current value, the inrush current value when the heater block is divided into two parts of 50% is also less than 100%. Based on the fact that the breaker installed for overcurrent protection does not trip overcurrent, the low-speed heat-up operation described above is stopped and the next operation mode is automatically set. Is shifted to, performs a slow heat-up avoidance operation that terminates the heat-up operation in a short time.

  According to the present invention (invention of claim 4), in the electric floor heating control apparatus of claim 2, at the start of cold operation, the low-speed heat-up operation is automatically performed, and the temperature of the PTC heater gradually increases. When the energization current value does not exceed 200% of the rated current value, the energization time for all the divided heater block circuits is extended by a predetermined time, and the pause is put between the energization time for each heater block circuit. A so-called medium-speed heat-up operation is performed by controlling the total energization time to be 100% by deleting the time.

  According to the invention described in claim 4, when the cold operation starts, the low-speed heat-up operation is automatically entered. However, when the temperature of the PTC heater gradually increases and the energization current value does not exceed 200% of the rated current value. When the heater block is divided into two portions of 50%, the energization current value is also less than 100%, and the breaker installed for overcurrent protection does not trip overcurrent. Accordingly, the energization time for all the divided heater block circuits is extended (for example, 5 seconds), and the pause time between the energization times for the respective heater block circuits is deleted so that the total energization time becomes 100%. The medium speed heat-up operation is performed.

  According to the present invention (invention according to claim 5), in the electric floor heating control apparatus according to claim 4, a plurality of temperature sensors for directly measuring the temperature of the PTC heater in each heater block are provided, and these temperature sensors measure the temperature. If even one temperature is less than the specified temperature, the medium speed heat-up operation is automatically performed. If all the temperatures measured by the temperature sensors are equal to or higher than the specified temperature, the medium speed heat-up operation is performed. Control is made to end the heat-up operation in a short time by stopping and automatically shifting to the next operation mode.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, if even one temperature measured by the temperature sensor affixed to the PTC heater is less than a specified temperature (for example, less than 40 ° C.), the medium speed heat-up operation is automatically entered. However, if all the temperatures measured by the temperature sensor are higher than a specified temperature (for example, 40 ° C. or higher), the energization current value of the PTC heater generated at the start of operation is almost close to 100% of the rated current value. Even if 100% is continuously energized, the breaker installed for overcurrent protection does not trip overcurrent. Therefore, the medium-speed heat-up operation is stopped and automatically shifted to the next operation mode, so that the heat-up operation is controlled in a short time to perform a so-called medium-speed heat-up avoidance operation.

  According to the present invention (invention of claim 6), in the electric floor heating control apparatus of claim 2, at the start of the cold operation, the medium-speed heat-up operation is automatically performed from the low-speed heat-up operation, and the PTC When the heater temperature gradually rises and the energization current value is close to 100% of the rated current value, 100% continuous energization is performed for each of the divided heater blocks so that the heat-up operation is completed in a short time. The so-called high-speed heat-up operation is performed.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, at the start of the cold operation, the low-speed heat-up operation automatically enters the medium-speed heat-up operation, but the temperature of the PTC heater gradually increases and the energization current value becomes the rated current value. When it is almost close to 100%, the divided heater blocks are each continuously energized 100% and controlled so as to finish the heat-up operation in a short time, so-called high-speed heat-up operation is performed.

  According to the present invention (invention of claim 7), in the electric floor heating control apparatus of claim 6, a plurality of temperature sensors for directly measuring the temperature of the PTC heater in each of the heater blocks are provided, and these temperature sensors are If even one of the measured temperatures is below the specified temperature, the system will automatically enter the high-speed heat-up operation described in the previous section, but if all the temperatures measured by the temperature sensor are above the specified temperature, it will be within the set temperature range. Since it is almost close to the upper limit, the high-speed heat-up operation is stopped and automatically shifted to the next operation mode, so that the heat-up operation is controlled in a short time.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, if even one temperature measured by the temperature sensor attached to the PTC heater is less than a specified temperature (for example, less than 50 ° C.), the high-speed heat-up operation is automatically entered. If the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is all equal to or higher than a specified temperature (for example, 50 ° C. or higher), it is almost close to the upper limit of the set temperature range (for example, 35 ° C. to 55 ° C.). By automatically shifting to the next operation mode, control is performed so that the heat-up operation is completed in a short time, and so-called high-speed heat-up avoidance operation is performed.

  According to the present invention (invention of claim 8), in the electric floor heating control apparatus of claim 2, a plurality of temperature sensors for directly measuring the temperature of the PTC heater in each heater block are provided, and these temperature sensors are If the measured temperature is lower than the set temperature, the power supply time of the triac is extended within the specified proportional cycle time to increase the average AC power, and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is equal to or higher than the set temperature. If there is, the triac energization time is shortened within a predetermined proportional cycle time, and the average AC power is reduced, so that the temperature is controlled without being influenced by the self-temperature control characteristics of the PTC heater. A surface temperature proportional control operation is performed.

  According to the invention described in claim 8, if the temperature measured by the temperature sensor affixed to the PTC heater is less than the set temperature (for example, less than 45 ° C.), the energization time of the triac can be set within the determined proportional cycle time. Extend the average AC power to increase the average AC power, and if the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is equal to or higher than the set temperature (for example, 45 ° C or higher), reduce the TRIAC energization time within the specified proportional cycle time and average AC By reducing the electric power, the temperature is controlled to a set temperature regardless of the self-temperature control characteristic of the PTC heater body, and so-called floor surface temperature proportional control operation is performed.

  The present invention (invention according to claim 9), in an electric floor heating apparatus using a PTC heater having PTC characteristics, a plurality of heater block circuits configured by dividing the PTC heater into a plurality of heater blocks, A plurality of triacs that directly control the AC power to the circuit in the circuit are provided, and the AC power is fixed to a conduction angle of 180 ° in each circuit so that the energization time and the rest time can be arbitrarily controlled in half-cycle units, and the heat By starting the operation in order within the specified proportional cycle time, the power consumption start time for the divided heater block circuit after the end of the up operation is controlled so that power consumption can be averaged, so-called power consumption leveling operation is performed. It is characterized by performing.

  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, control is performed so that the start time of energization to the heater block circuit divided after the end of the heat-up operation is started in order within a predetermined proportional cycle time, and the power consumption can be averaged. By doing so, so-called power consumption leveling operation is performed.

  The present invention (invention of claim 10) is an electric floor heating apparatus using a PTC heater having a PTC characteristic, in a heater zone in which a PTC heater having a large installation area such as a gymnasium can be controlled by a control device per unit. A plurality of heater block circuits configured by dividing the PTC heaters of the respective heater zones into a plurality of heater blocks, and a plurality of triacs that directly control AC power to the respective circuits. A communication circuit is configured from the parent device to the child device and from the child device to the grandchild device so that each control device can be operated in conjunction with each other, and each communication circuit starts / runs the operation from the parent device. The end command is transmitted from the slave unit to the grandchild unit by a serial signal.

  According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, when the electric floor heating apparatus is operated in an interlocked manner using a plurality of control devices, an operation start / operation end command is received from the master unit using a communication circuit connecting the control devices. By transmitting serial numbers from the slave unit to the grandchild unit using a serial signal, it is possible to add any number of units without changing the electrical specifications of the master unit.

  According to the present invention (invention according to claim 11), in the electric floor heating control apparatus according to claim 10, the energization start / energization time to the divided heater zones is changed from the parent device to the child device and from the child device to the grandchild device. By starting and ending the operation sequentially with a delay time, all the heater zones are controlled to heat up almost simultaneously while suppressing fluctuations in power consumption.

  According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the operation start / end time for the divided heater zones is set to be delayed from the parent device to the child device and from the child device to the grandchild device, and the operation is started / finished in order. Thus, control is performed so that all heater zones are heated up almost simultaneously while suppressing fluctuations in power consumption, and so-called power consumption fluctuation suppressing operation is performed.

  As described above, according to the electric floor heating control apparatus according to the present invention, when performing the operation control of the electric floor heating apparatus using the PTC heater having the PTC characteristic, the rush of the PTC heater generated at the start of the cold operation is performed. Since the current value can be suppressed close to the rated current value of the control device, a PTC heater corresponding to the rated power value of the control device can be connected without derating, and the floor area that can be heated by one control device can be increased.

  In addition, according to the present invention, when performing the operation control of the electric floor heating apparatus using the PTC heater having the PTC characteristic, the zero cross control operation is performed, so that it is excellent in terms of power factor, and has priority over the heater block circuit. Since there is no significant shift in the energization start time due to the difference in order, all the heater blocks can be heated up at the same time, and the time until the comfortable temperature is reached can be shortened.

  Further, according to the present invention, when performing the operation control of the electric floor heating apparatus using the PTC heater having the PTC characteristic, the energization start time to the heater block circuit divided after the heat-up operation is finished is within the determined cycle time. Since the load current of the electric floor heating device can be averaged by starting the operation in turn, if the heat-up operation is completed before other devices are operated by the timer operation function of the control device, Because the contract current is reduced, electricity costs can be saved.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, when performing operation control of an electric floor heating device using a PTC heater having PTC characteristics using a plurality of control devices, the inrush current value of the PTC heater generated at the start of cold operation is calculated. Since the rated current value of the control device can be suppressed to nearly twice the number of units used, the electrical capacity of the distribution panel equipment that supplies power does not need to take into account the short-time rated power of the entire electric floor heating system. Equipment costs can be reduced by lowering the capacity.

  Further, according to the present invention, when the operation control of the electric floor heating apparatus using the PTC heater having the PTC characteristic is performed using a plurality of control apparatuses, the operation is linked from the parent machine to the child machine and from the child machine to the grandchild machine. Since it is possible to add as many control devices as possible to operate, there is no need to consider the printed circuit board mounting space for outputting relay drive signals for the number of slave units from the master unit, even if the installation area is large like a gymnasium The heating effect can be demonstrated.

FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of an electric floor heating control device according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the operation of the electric floor heating device is controlled by a plurality of control devices.
Here, in this embodiment, a case is shown in which three control devices are a master unit A / slave unit B / grandchild unit C, and control PTC heaters composed of three zones, heater zones A to C, respectively.

  In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a distribution board facility, and AC power is supplied from individual breakers A to C (indicated by reference numerals 3 to 5) distributed from a main breaker 2 therein, and between the main unit A and the sub unit B and An energization start / energization end signal from the parent device A is also transmitted to the child device B and the grandchild device C through the communication cable 9 connected between the child device B and the grandchild device C.

  The heater zones A to C (reference numerals 16 to 18) are equally divided into heater blocks A1 / A2 (19, 20), heater blocks B1 / B2 (21, 22), and heater blocks C1 / C2 (23, 24), respectively. AC power is supplied to the 6-block PTC heaters through the triacs A1 / A2 (10, 11), the triacs B1 / B2 (12, 13), and the triacs C1 / C2 (14, 15) installed in the individual control devices. Supplied.

  Further, the thermistors THA1 / THA2 (25, 26), thermistors THB1 / THB2 (27, 28), thermistors THC1 / THC2 (29, 30) for directly measuring the main body temperature of the PTC heater are included in the individual heater blocks 19-24. ) Is affixed at the time of floor construction and is connected to individual control devices to be used during low-speed / medium-speed / high-speed heat-up operation or floor temperature proportional control operation.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a power control method for an electric floor heating apparatus using a triac in the present invention.
That is, FIG. 2 (a) shows a method in which the AC voltage is phase-controlled by changing the conduction angle of the conventional triac between 0 ° and 180 °. The conduction angle θ1 <θ2 <θ3 is supplied to the PTC heater. As the AC power increases, the inrush current at the start of cold operation can be suppressed by reducing the conduction angle θ, but since it has a stepped voltage waveform, it contains a lot of harmonic components.

  On the other hand, FIG. 2 (b) is a method of controlling the AC voltage in half cycle units with the conduction angle of the triac of the present invention fixed at 180 °, in which the pause time T0 is fixed in half cycle units. Therefore, the AC power supplied to the PTC heater increases as the energization time is increased to T1 <T2 <T3 in half-cycle units. Therefore, to reduce the inrush current at the start of cold operation, the conduction time T can be reduced. In addition to being able to cope with this, harmonic components can be reduced because switching between conduction / rest is performed at the zero cross point of the voltage waveform.

FIG. 3 is an example of PTC heater temperature characteristics in each operation mode of an electric floor heating apparatus using a PTC heater in the present invention.
In the temperature range (for example, 0 ° C to 10 ° C) until the inrush current value at the start of cold operation decreases from 250% to 200% of the rated current value, low-speed heat-up operation is applied, and the inrush current value is the rated current. In the temperature range (for example, 10 ° C. to 40 ° C.) until the value decreases from 200% to nearly 100%, a medium speed heat-up operation is applied, and the temperature range (for example, near the upper limit of the set temperature range) 40 ° C. to 50 ° C.), high-speed heat-up operation is applied, and floor temperature proportional control operation is applied in a temperature range for maintaining a set temperature (for example, 35 ° C. to 55 ° C.).

  At this time, the operation mode to be automatically applied is selected according to the body temperature of the PTC heaters 19 to 24 measured by the thermistors 25 to 30 attached at the time of floor construction. If the body temperature of the PTC heaters 19 to 24 cannot be measured because the thermistors 25 to 30 are not used, the low-speed heat-up time TS0 until the inrush current value decreases from 250% to 200% of the rated current value, and the inrush The medium speed heat-up time TM0 until the current value decreases from 200% of the rated current value to nearly 100% and the high-speed heat up time TF0 until the current value reaches the center value of the set temperature range are stored in the control device in advance. In addition, the PTC heater body is operated for the specified time TS0 / TM0 / TF0 for the low-speed / medium-speed / high-speed heat-up operation regardless of the cold / warm state, and finally the floor temperature proportional control operation is performed. Configure to enter.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a low-speed heat-up operation of an electric floor heating apparatus using a PTC heater in the present invention. 4A shows an AC current waveform supplied to the PTC heaters of the heater block A1 / B1 / C1, and FIG. 4B shows an AC current supplied to the PTC heaters of the heater block A2 / B2 / C2. The current waveform is shown.
The conduction time TS1 / TS2 to the heater block circuit is set to be shorter than the response time (for example, within 1 second) of the individual breakers A to C, and a fixed pause time is set between energization times of the respective heater block circuits. TS3 is added to control the average effective value to be 100% or less.

  FIG. 4 (c) shows current waveforms in the control unit of the master unit A / slave unit B / grandchild unit C passing through the individual breakers A to C, and the heater block A1 / B1 / C1 and the heater block A2 / B2 / Since the peak currents IS1 / IS2 flowing through C2 are equally divided, they have the same value, and since the current waveforms do not overlap each other, the total peak current IS0 also has the same value.

  FIG. 4 (d) shows the change in the current value of the control unit alone as the PTC heater temperature rises during the low-speed heat-up operation. When the heater block is not divided, the inrush current value is the rated current value as shown by curve I. However, when the heater block is equally divided into two and energized alternately, the inrush current value becomes 125%, which is half of the rated current value, as shown by curve II. Furthermore, when a pause time for one cycle is added during the energization time for four cycles as in the current waveform of FIG. 4 (c), the inrush current value becomes 100% of the rated current value as shown by curve III. Therefore, even if the rated current values of the individual breakers A to C are set to 100%, the same as the rated current value of the control device, no overcurrent trip occurs.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the medium-speed heat-up operation of the electric floor heating apparatus using the PTC heater in the present invention. Here, FIG. 5A shows an alternating current waveform supplied to the PTC heaters of the heater block A1 / B1 / C1, and FIG. 5B shows an alternating current supplied to the PTC heaters of the heater block A2 / B2 / C2. The current waveform is shown.
Since the conduction time TM1 / TM2 to the heater block circuit is not restricted by the response time (for example, within 1 second) of the individual breakers A to C, it is set to about five times the time, and during the energization time to each heater block circuit Also, the total off time is controlled to be 100% by deleting the pause time.

  FIG. 5 (c) shows current waveforms in the control unit of the main unit A / sub unit B / grand unit C passing through the individual breakers A to C. The heater block A1 / B1 / C1 and the heater block A2 / B2 / Since the peak currents IM1 / IM2 flowing through C2 are equally divided, they have the same value, and since the current waveforms do not overlap each other, the total peak current IM0 also has the same value.

  FIG. 5 (d) shows the change in the current value of the control unit alone as the PTC heater temperature rises during the medium-speed heat-up operation. When the heater block is not divided, the inrush current value is the rated current value as shown by curve I. However, when the heater block is equally divided into two and energized alternately, the inrush current value becomes 100%, which is half of the rated current value, as shown by curve II.

  FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of high-speed heat-up operation of an electric floor heating apparatus using a PTC heater in the present invention. 6A shows the AC current waveform supplied to the PTC heaters of the heater block A1 / B1 / C1, and FIG. 6B shows the AC current supplied to the PTC heaters of the heater block A2 / B2 / C2. The current waveform is shown. The energization time to each heater block circuit is controlled so as to be continuously energized by removing all the rest time.

  FIG. 6 (c) shows current waveforms in the control unit of the main unit A / sub unit B / grand unit C passing through the individual breakers A to C. The heater block A1 / B1 / C1 and the heater block A2 / B2 / Since the peak current IF1 / IF2 flowing through C2 is equally divided, it has the same value, and since the current waveforms overlap each other, the total peak current IF0 has a double value.

  FIG. 6 (d) shows the change in the current value of the control unit alone with the rise in the temperature of the PTC heater during the high-speed heat-up operation, and the curve I is shown in the same way as when the heater block is divided into two evenly. The inrush current value becomes 100% which is the same as the rated current value.

  FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of the floor surface temperature proportional control operation of the electric floor heater using the PTC heater in the present invention. Here, FIG. 7A shows a change in the AC power supplied to the PTC heater when the conventional ON / OFF control is performed. Since the switching frequency is limited in the relay system, the hysteresis width is increased with respect to the set temperature. It is necessary to set, and the floor surface temperature measurement value PV varies within this hysteresis temperature range with respect to the floor surface temperature setting value SV.

  On the other hand, FIG. 7B shows a change in the AC power supplied to the PTC heater when proportional control is performed according to the present invention. Since the switching frequency is not limited in the triac method, the triac is within a relatively short proportional cycle time TC. The floor surface temperature measurement value PV is kept constant with respect to the floor surface temperature setting value SV by adjusting the conduction time T4 of each half cycle and controlling the average AC power supplied to the PTC heater by changing in fine steps. Can be kept in. If the temperature of the PTC heater main body cannot be measured because the thermistor is not used, the average AC power supplied to the PTC heater and the final equilibrium floor surface temperature of the PTC heater main body are stored in the control device in advance. The average AC power corresponding to the set value SV is supplied to keep the floor surface temperature predicted value PV constant with the help of the self-temperature control function of the PTC heater body.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of power consumption leveling operation of an electric floor heating apparatus using a PTC heater in the present invention. Here, FIG. 8A shows a change in AC power supplied to the PTC heaters of the heater block A1 / B1 / C1, and FIG. 8B is supplied to the PTC heaters of the heater block A2 / B2 / C2. Shows the change in AC power.
By starting the operation by shifting the energization start time to the heater block circuit divided after the heat-up operation by a delay time T5 corresponding to 50% of the proportional cycle time TC, Control to prevent duplication.

  FIG. 8C shows a change in AC power in the control unit of the main unit A / sub unit B / grand unit C passing through the individual breakers A to C. The heater block A1 / B1 / C1 and the heater block A2 / The AC peak power P1 / P2 flowing in B2 / C2 is equally divided and thus has the same value, and the AC peak power P0 during the time when the AC powers overlap each other is twice the value of P1 / P2. When the energization time is 50% or less with respect to the proportional cycle time TC, the AC power does not overlap each other, so the AC peak power is halved.

FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of the electric power consumption fluctuation suppressing operation of the electric floor heater using the PTC heater in the present invention. Here, FIGS. 9 (a), (b), and (c) show changes in the AC power in the control units of the base unit A / slave unit B / grandchild unit C that pass through the individual breakers A / B / C, respectively. FIG. 9D shows a change in the total AC power passing through the main breaker.
If the control units of the master unit A / slave unit B / grandchild unit C are started / stopped simultaneously, the total AC power fluctuates greatly from 0 → PA0 + PB0 + PC0 = PT0 → 0. May malfunction. Therefore, when the delay time T6 is set from the parent device A to the child device B and from the child device B to the grandchild device C, and the operation is started / stopped in order, the total AC power is 0 → PA0 → PA0 + PB0 → PT0 → PB0 + PC0 → Since PC0 → 0 gradually changes in a stepped manner, fluctuations in power consumption of the entire electric floor heating apparatus can be reduced.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the structure demonstrated by embodiment mentioned above, It cannot be overemphasized that the shape, structure, etc. of an electric floor heating apparatus or each part of its control apparatus can be suitably changed and changed.

  It is a schematic structure figure showing one embodiment of an electric floor heating control device concerning the present invention.   It is a figure for demonstrating the power control method in the electric floor heating control apparatus which concerns on this invention.   In the electric floor heating control device according to the present invention, it is a PTC heater temperature characteristic in each operation mode of the electric floor heating device.   In the electric floor heating control apparatus according to the present invention, it is a characteristic diagram for explaining the state at the time of low-speed heat-up operation of the electric floor heating apparatus.   In the electric floor heating control apparatus according to the present invention, it is a characteristic diagram for explaining the state at the time of medium speed heat-up operation of the electric floor heating apparatus.   In the electric floor heating control apparatus according to the present invention, it is a characteristic diagram for explaining the state at the time of high-speed heat-up operation of the electric floor heating apparatus.   In the electric floor heating control apparatus according to the present invention, it is a characteristic diagram for explaining the floor surface temperature proportional control operation of the electric floor heating apparatus.   In the electric floor heating control apparatus according to the present invention, it is a characteristic diagram for explaining the power consumption leveling operation of the electric floor heating apparatus.   In the electric floor heating control apparatus according to the present invention, it is a characteristic diagram for explaining the power consumption fluctuation suppression operation of the electric floor heating apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

  1 ... switchboard equipment, 2 ... main breaker, 3 ... individual breaker A, 4 ... individual breaker B, 5 ... individual breaker C, 6 ... master unit A, 7 ... slave unit B, 8 ... grandchild unit C, 9 ... communication cable DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Triac A1, 11 ... Triac A2, 12 ... Triac B1, 13 ... Triac B2, 14 ... Triac C1, 15 ... Triac C2, 16 ... Heater zone A, 17 ... Heater zone B, 18 ... Heater zone C, 19 ... Heater block A1, 20 ... Heater block A2,21 ... Heater block B1,22 ... Heater block B2,23 ... Heater block C1,24 ... Heater block C2,25 ... Thermistor THA1,26 ... Thermistor THA2,27 ... Thermistor THB1, 28 ... Thermistor THB2, 29 ... Thermistor THC1, 30 ... Thermistor TH 2.

Claims (11)

In an electric floor heating apparatus using a PTC heater having PTC characteristics,
A plurality of heater block circuits configured by dividing a PTC heater into a plurality of heater blocks, a plurality of triacs that directly control AC power to each circuit, and a temperature of the PTC heater in each heater block are directly measured. Providing a plurality of temperature sensors,
An electric floor heating control apparatus characterized in that AC power is fixed to a conduction angle of 180 ° in each circuit, and the energization time and rest time can be arbitrarily controlled in half-cycle units. In an electric floor heating apparatus using a PTC heater having PTC characteristics,
A plurality of heater block circuits configured by dividing the PTC heater into a plurality of heater blocks, and a plurality of triacs that directly control the AC power to each circuit are provided,
The AC power is fixed at a conduction angle of 180 ° in each circuit, and the energizing time and the resting time can be arbitrarily controlled in half cycle units.
Energization of all divided heater block circuits during low-speed heat-up operation in which all heater blocks are heated up at the same time while suppressing the load current of the electric floor heating system by sequentially assigning energization time to the divided heater block circuits The time is set to be shorter than the predetermined response time of the breaker, and a certain pause time is added during the energization time to each heater block circuit to control the average effective value to be 100% or less. An electric floor heating control device characterized by that. In the electric floor heating control device according to claim 2,
A plurality of temperature sensors for directly measuring the temperature of the PTC heater in each heater block are provided,
If at least one temperature measured by these temperature sensors is less than a specified temperature, the low-speed heat-up operation is automatically performed, and if all the temperatures measured by the temperature sensors are equal to or higher than the specified temperature, the low-speed heat-up operation is performed. An electric floor heating control device that controls to finish the heat-up operation in a short time by stopping the heat-up operation and automatically shifting to the next operation mode. In the electric floor heating control device according to claim 2,
When the cold operation starts, the low-speed heat-up operation is automatically performed. When the temperature of the PTC heater gradually rises and the energization current value does not exceed 200% of the rated current value, all the heater block circuits are divided. Medium-speed heat-up operation by extending the energizing time for a predetermined time and controlling the overall energizing time to be 100% by deleting the pause time between the energizing times for each heater block circuit. An electric floor heating control device characterized by performing. In the electric floor heating control device according to claim 4,
A plurality of temperature sensors for directly measuring the temperature of the PTC heater in each heater block are provided,
If even one temperature measured by these temperature sensors is less than the specified temperature, the medium speed heat-up operation is automatically performed, and if all the temperatures measured by the temperature sensors are equal to or higher than the specified temperature, An electric floor heating control device that controls to finish the heat-up operation in a short time by stopping the medium-speed heat-up operation and automatically shifting to the next operation mode. In the electric floor heating control device according to claim 2,
When the cold operation is started, the low-speed heat-up operation to the medium-speed heat-up operation are automatically performed, and when the temperature of the PTC heater gradually increases and the energization current value becomes almost 100% of the rated current value, the operation is divided. An electric floor heating control device that performs high-speed heat-up operation by controlling the heater blocks so that each heater block is continuously energized 100% and finishes the heat-up operation in a short time. In the electric floor heating control device according to claim 6,
A plurality of temperature sensors for directly measuring the temperature of the PTC heater in each heater block are provided,
If even one of the temperature measured by these temperature sensors is less than the specified temperature, the system will automatically enter the high-speed heat-up operation described in the previous section, but it will be set if all the temperatures measured by the temperature sensors are above the specified temperature. Because it is almost close to the upper limit of the predetermined temperature range, the high-speed heat-up operation is stopped and automatically shifted to the next operation mode, thereby controlling the heat-up operation to be completed in a short time. Electric floor heating control device. In the electric floor heating control device according to claim 2,
A plurality of temperature sensors for directly measuring the temperature of the PTC heater in each heater block are provided,
If the temperature measured by these temperature sensors is less than the preset temperature, the AC power is increased by extending the triac energization time within the specified proportional cycle time, and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is set. If the temperature is equal to or higher than the set temperature, the triac power supply time is shortened within a predetermined proportional cycle time to reduce the average AC power, thereby reducing the temperature to the set temperature regardless of the self-temperature control characteristics of the PTC heater. An electric floor heating control device that controls and performs floor surface temperature proportional control operation. In an electric floor heating apparatus using a PTC heater having PTC characteristics,
A plurality of heater block circuits configured by dividing the PTC heater into a plurality of heater blocks, and a plurality of triacs that directly control the AC power to each circuit are provided,
The AC power is fixed at a conduction angle of 180 ° in each circuit, and the energizing time and the resting time can be arbitrarily controlled in half cycle units.
By controlling the power consumption to be averaged by starting the operation in order within the specified proportional cycle time, the energization start time to the heater block circuit divided after the heat-up operation is completed, and the power consumption leveling operation is performed. An electric floor heating control device characterized by performing. In an electric floor heating apparatus using a PTC heater having PTC characteristics,
A plurality of heaters configured by dividing a PTC heater having a large installation area like a gymnasium into heater zones that can be controlled by a control device per unit, and dividing the PTC heater in each heater zone into a plurality of heater blocks A plurality of control devices provided with a block circuit and a plurality of triacs that directly control AC power to each circuit,
A communication circuit is configured from the parent device to the child device and from the child device to the grandchild device so that each control device can be operated in an interlocked manner. An electric floor heating control device configured to be transmitted from a machine to a grandchild machine. In the electric floor heating control device according to claim 10,
Energizing start / end time for the divided heater zones is set with a delay time from the master unit to the slave unit, and from the slave unit to the grandchild unit, so that the operation can be started / stopped in order, all while suppressing fluctuations in power consumption. An electric floor heating control device, wherein the heater zone is controlled to heat up substantially simultaneously.

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