JP2006307804A - Engine provided with supercharger - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce effect of radiant heat on an engine from exhaust gas passing from an exhaust manifold to a supercharger, while ensuring a space for the engine to back off in case of a head-on collision in the engine provided with a supercharger. <P>SOLUTION: In the engine provided with a supercharger of an in-line multiple-cylinder transverse-type, the upstream part of an exhaust manifold 32a is bent downward and connected with the supercharger 4. Out of water-jackets 1b formed in the rear of the cylinder block 1 in the vehicle, at least the water-jacket adjacent to an inlet 41a of a turbine casing 41 is extended at least to the same height as that of the inlet 41a. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a supercharged engine arranged horizontally in an engine room at the front of a vehicle.

  As one of the engine layout methods, there is a so-called horizontal placement method in which the cylinder row direction faces the vehicle width direction. When the engine is placed horizontally in the engine room at the front of the vehicle, the engine intake system is placed on the front side of the vehicle and the exhaust system is placed on the rear side of the vehicle. There is a case where a layout to be arranged is adopted (Patent Document 1 or the like).

JP 2004-340016 A

  Here, in order to improve the collision safety at the front collision of the vehicle, a certain space as a crushable zone between the engine and the dash panel, that is, the retreat space where the engine can retreat without interfering with the dash panel at the front collision. It is desirable to ensure. In this regard, when adopting a layout in which a supercharger exists on the rear side of the engine, it is necessary to secure a certain space as a crushable zone between the supercharger and the dash panel. For this reason, it is desirable that the supercharger be disposed as close to the engine as possible as close as possible to the front of the vehicle. However, since high-temperature exhaust gas flows from the exhaust manifold to the supercharger, the radiant heat causes the engine to flow. There is a risk of heating and adversely affecting the engine (eg, local deformation of the cylinder block).

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to reduce the influence of the radiant heat on the engine from the exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust manifold to the supercharger while ensuring the backward space of the engine at the time of the front impact for the supercharged engine. There is.

  According to the present invention, a plurality of cylinders are arranged in series, and are arranged horizontally in the engine room at the front of the vehicle so that the cylinder row direction is the vehicle width direction, and the exhaust manifold is disposed at the side of the vehicle rear side. In the engine with a supercharger in which a supercharger is connected to the exhaust manifold, the exhaust manifold is curved upstream so that the exhaust passage from each cylinder faces downward as viewed from the cylinder row direction. And a downstream part that joins exhaust passages from each cylinder to communicate with the inlet of the turbine chamber of the supercharger, and a straight line downward from the upstream part toward the downstream part when viewed from the cylinder row direction. An intermediate portion forming an exhaust passage extending in a shape, and the turbine chamber is formed such that an axis of a turbine housed in the turbine chamber is positioned on a vehicle rear side with respect to the introduction port, and the turbocharger Engine Among the water jackets formed on the vehicle rear side of the cylinder block, there is provided a supercharged engine characterized in that at least a water jacket adjacent to the introduction port extends to at least the same height as the introduction port. The

  According to the present invention, the supercharger can be arranged close to the cylinder block by hanging the exhaust manifold substantially downward along the wall surface of the cylinder block on the vehicle rear side. The space for retreating the engine can be secured between the aircraft and the dash panel. Further, among the water jackets formed on the vehicle rear side of the cylinder block of the turbocharged engine, at least the water jacket adjacent to the introduction port is extended to at least the same height as the introduction port, thereby The cooling water flowing through the engine can reduce the influence of radiant heat on the engine from the exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust manifold to the supercharger.

  In the present invention, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which at least the water jacket adjacent to the introduction port extends downward from the height of the introduction port. According to this configuration, the influence of radiant heat on the engine from the exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust manifold to the supercharger can be further reduced by the cooling water flowing in the water jacket.

  In the present invention, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which at least the water jacket adjacent to the introduction port extends to the same height as at least the axis of the turbine. According to this configuration, the influence of radiant heat on the engine from the exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust manifold to the supercharger can be further reduced by the cooling water flowing in the water jacket.

  In the present invention, the intermediate portion may be configured such that the center line of the exhaust passage is inclined so that the downstream portion side is closer to the cylinder block than the upstream portion side. According to this configuration, it is possible to further ensure a reverse space for the engine between the supercharger and the dash panel.

  In the present invention, among the water jackets formed on the vehicle rear side of the cylinder block, the water jacket adjacent to the introduction port is more than the other water jackets formed on the vehicle rear side of the cylinder block. A configuration extending downward can be employed. According to this configuration, it is possible to achieve both warm-up performance of the engine and reduction of the influence of radiant heat on the engine from the exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust manifold to the supercharger.

  In the present invention, of the water jacket formed on the vehicle rear side of the cylinder block, the water jacket adjacent to the introduction port is lower than the water jacket formed on the vehicle front side of the cylinder block. An extended configuration can be employed. According to this configuration, it is possible to achieve both warm-up performance of the engine and reduction of the influence of radiant heat on the engine from the exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust manifold to the supercharger.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the effect of radiant heat on the engine from the exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust manifold to the supercharger is ensured with respect to the engine with the supercharger while ensuring the backward space of the engine at the time of the front collision. Can be reduced.

  FIG. 1 is a view showing a side portion on the vehicle rear side of a supercharged engine A according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a main part is shown by a solid line and the others are shown by a broken line. The supercharged engine A includes a cylinder block 1 and a cylinder head 2 provided on the cylinder block 1, and a plurality of cylinders (four cylinders in the present embodiment) in the cylinder block 1 are arranged in series. This is an inline 4-cylinder gasoline engine. The supercharged engine A according to the present embodiment is premised on being arranged horizontally in the engine room at the front of the vehicle so that the cylinder row direction is the vehicle width direction. An intake system element is disposed on the front side, and an exhaust system element is disposed on the vehicle rear side. Hereinafter, the exhaust system elements will be described.

  An exhaust manifold 3 is connected to the cylinder head 2. The exhaust manifold 3 includes branch pipes 31 to 34 that form an exhaust passage for each cylinder. Hereinafter, when each cylinder is individually referred to, the cylinders are referred to as cylinders # 1, # 2, # 3, and # 4 in order from the right cylinder in FIG. A supercharger 4 is connected to the exhaust manifold 3.

  The supercharger 4 includes a turbine chamber 41 and a compressor chamber 42. The exhaust manifold 3 and the turbine chamber 41 are in communication with each other. Exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold is introduced into the turbine chamber 41, and a rotational force is applied to the turbine in the turbine chamber 41 to connect to an exhaust pipe (not shown). It is discharged from the exhaust port 43. A compressor coaxial with the turbine is housed in the compressor chamber 42, and air from an air cleaner and an air flow meter (not shown) is sucked from the intake port 44 by the rotation of the compressor and supercharged. The supercharged air is discharged from the intake outlet 45, passes through a pipe, an intercooler, etc. (not shown), and is introduced into the air intake 2a disposed on the front side of the vehicle.

  A negative pressure actuator 46 is attached to the supercharger 4 and opens and closes a bypass valve (not shown) via an operating rod 46a. The bypass valve opens and closes a bypass passage that exhausts exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold 3 to the exhaust port 43 without passing through the turbine chamber 42.

  Next, the configuration of the water jacket in the exhaust manifold 3, the supercharger 4, and the cylinder block 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of an essential part taken along line XX in FIG. 1, and the cylinder head 2 is indicated by a broken line.

  The branch pipes 31 to 34 constituting the exhaust manifold 3 are respectively upstream portions 31a to 34a that are curved so that the exhaust passages from the exhaust ports of the cylinders are directed downward, as viewed from the cylinder row direction, and the branch pipes 31. And the downstream portions 31b to 34b that join the exhaust passages 34 to 34 to communicate with the introduction port 41a of the turbine chamber 41, and the exhaust passage that extends linearly downward from the upstream portion toward the downstream portion when viewed from the cylinder row direction. Intermediate portions 31c to 34c for forming the. In the case of this embodiment, the exhaust manifold 3 is integrally formed with the turbine housing of the supercharger 4 at each of the downstream portions 31b to 34b.

  The turbine chamber 41 of the supercharger 4 has an axis 41b ′ (substantially parallel to the vehicle width direction) that is the center of rotation of the turbine 41b that is rotatably housed inside the turbocharged engine A mounted on the vehicle. It is formed so as to be located on the vehicle rear side with respect to the introduction port 41a. In FIG. 2A, a line L1 indicates a vertical line passing through the axis 41b '. The setting of the axis 41b 'of the turbine 41b means that the exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold 3 generates a swirling flow in the direction indicated by the arrow d1. That is, the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port is guided to the exhaust passage of the exhaust manifold 3 and flows downward, and is introduced into the turbine chamber 41 to generate a swirling flow that rises toward the vehicle rear side. .

  In this configuration, the supercharger 4 can be arranged closer to the side of the supercharged engine A on the vehicle rear side, and the turbine chamber 41 projects to the vehicle rear side below the exhaust manifold 3. Thus, a certain space can be obtained above the supercharger 4 (on the vehicle rear side of the exhaust manifold 3). For this reason, the retreat space which can reverse | retreat a supercharged engine without interfering with a dash panel at the time of a front collision can be ensured more widely between the dash panel which exists behind the engine A with a supercharger.

  Further, in the present embodiment, as representatively shown for the branch pipe 32 in FIG. 2A, when the engine with a supercharger is mounted on the vehicle, the exhaust passages of the intermediate portions 31c to 34c of the branch pipes 31 to 34 are provided. The center line (L2) has a constant inclination θ with respect to the vertical line (L3), and the center line (L2) is a cylinder block on the downstream portion 31b to 34b side than on the upstream portion 31a to 34a side. It is inclined so as to be close to 1. According to this configuration, the turbocharger 4 can be disposed closer to the side of the cylinder block 1 on the vehicle rear side, and the supercharged engine A moves backward without interfering with the dash panel at the time of a front collision. The retreat space that can be secured can be secured even wider.

  On the other hand, in this embodiment, the exhaust manifold 3 extends downward along the side of the cylinder block 1 on the vehicle rear side, and is arranged close to the cylinder block 1. Since the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust manifold 3 is high in temperature, the radiant heat heats the cylinder block 1 and may adversely affect local deformation of the cylinder block 1. In particular, the inlet 41a of the turbine chamber 41 into which the exhaust gas that has passed through the branch pipes 31 to 34 joins is introduced to a higher temperature, and the radiant heat heats the cylinder block 1.

  Here, the cylinder block 1 is provided with a series of water jackets 1a and 1b through which a coolant for cooling each cylinder flows. The water jacket 1a shows the vehicle front side (intake system side), and the water jacket 1b shows the vehicle rear side (exhaust system side). Such a water jacket is generally provided on the side of each cylinder or between the cylinders. In the present embodiment, of the water jacket 1b formed on the vehicle rear side of the cylinder block 1, at least the water jacket 1b adjacent to the introduction port 41a is extended downward to at least the same height (line L4) as the introduction port 41a. Thus, the influence of radiant heat from the inlet 41a, which is particularly high, is prevented by the coolant flowing through the water jacket 1b. That is, in addition to cooling each cylinder, the water jacket is also used to prevent the influence of radiant heat. As the water jacket 1b adjacent to the introduction port 41a, in this embodiment, since the introduction port 41a is disposed between the cylinder # 2 and the cylinder # 3, the cylinder # 2 shown in FIG. The water jacket between the sides of the cylinder # 3 or between them is a target.

  In the case of this embodiment, the lower end of the water jacket 1b extends to the height of the line L6. That is, it extends at least to the same height (line L5) as the axis 41b 'of the turbine 41b. Thereby, the influence of the radiant heat from the exhaust gas which passed the inlet 41a can also be prevented effectively. Here, the outer edge of the cross section of the housing of the turbine chamber 41 is formed in a substantially semicircular shape, and is gradually separated from the cylinder block 1 as indicated by the widths d2 and d3 below the axis 41b ′. Is transmitted to the cylinder block 1 gradually. Therefore, when the water jacket 1b is extended to the same height (line L5) as the axis 41b 'of the turbine 41b, it is possible to cover an area where the radiant heat is transmitted most.

  Next, the configuration of the water jacket 1b on the vehicle rear side other than the water jacket 1a on the vehicle front side and the water jacket 1b adjacent to the introduction port 41a will be described. In general, increasing the water jacket increases the cooling efficiency of the cylinder block 1, but on the other hand, the warm-up performance of the engine is inferior. Therefore, unnecessarily increasing the water jacket is not desirable in terms of warm-up performance.

  First, in this embodiment, as shown to Fig.2 (a), the water jacket 1b adjacent to the inlet 41a is extended below the water jacket 1a of the vehicle front side. In other words, the water jacket 1a is only long enough to cool each cylinder, and all the water jackets are not uniformly extended as a measure against radiant heat. By doing so, it is possible to achieve both warm-up performance of the engine and reduction of the influence of radiant heat on the engine from the exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust manifold 3 to the supercharger 4.

  Next, among the water jacket 1b formed on the vehicle rear side, the water jacket 1b other than the water jacket 1b adjacent to the introduction port 41a, that is, the water jacket 1b on the side of the cylinder # 1 or the cylinder # 4 will be described. To do. Also for these water jackets 1b, in order to prevent the influence of radiant heat from the branch pipes 31 and 34, for example, as shown in a water jacket 1b ′ shown in FIG. 2B, the water jacket 1b shown in FIG. Similarly, a configuration that extends downward can be employed. However, since it is far from the inlet 41a, the influence of the radiant heat from the inlet 41a is small, and it is only influenced by the radiant heat from the branch pipes 31 and 34. Therefore, the influence of the radiant heat is relatively small. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2 (c), the water jacket 1b 'can have the same length as that of the water jacket 1a on the front side of the vehicle, and the length is sufficient to cool the cylinders # 1 and # 4. That is, the water jacket 1b in FIG. 2A adjacent to the introduction port 41a can be configured to extend downward from the other water jacket 1b on the vehicle rear side. By doing so, it is possible to achieve both warm-up performance of the engine and reduction of the influence of radiant heat on the engine from the exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust manifold 3 to the supercharger 4.

  Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to one in which the exhaust manifold and the turbine housing are integrally molded as in the above-described embodiment, and can be applied to one assembled after separate molding.

It is a figure which shows the side part of the vehicle back side of the supercharged engine A which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a cross-sectional view of a main part taken along line XX in FIG. 1, (b) is a configuration example of a water jacket 1b ′ of cylinders # 1 and # 4, and (c) is a water jacket 1b ′ of cylinders # 1 and # 4. It is a figure which shows the other structural example.

Explanation of symbols

A Engine 1 with a supercharger Cylinder block 1a, 1b, 1b Water jacket 3 Exhaust manifold 4 Supercharger 31a-34a Upstream part 31b-34b Downstream part 31c-34c Intermediate part 41 Turbine chamber 41a Inlet 41b 'Turbine axis

Claims (6)

A plurality of cylinders are arranged in series, are arranged horizontally in the engine room at the front of the vehicle so that the cylinder row direction is the vehicle width direction, and an exhaust manifold is disposed on the side of the vehicle rear side. In a supercharged engine in which a supercharger is connected to the exhaust manifold,
The exhaust manifold is
An upstream portion curved so as to direct the exhaust passage from each cylinder downward when viewed from the cylinder row direction;
A downstream portion that joins exhaust passages from each cylinder and communicates with an inlet of a turbine chamber of the turbocharger;
An intermediate portion that forms an exhaust passage that linearly extends downward from the upstream portion toward the downstream portion when viewed from the cylinder row direction,
The turbine chamber is
The axis of the turbine housed inside is formed so as to be located on the vehicle rear side from the introduction port,
Of the water jacket formed on the vehicle rear side of the cylinder block of the supercharged engine, at least a water jacket adjacent to the introduction port extends to at least the same height as the introduction port. Engine with a feeder.   The supercharged engine according to claim 1, wherein at least a water jacket adjacent to the introduction port extends downward from a height of the introduction port.   The supercharged engine according to claim 1, wherein at least a water jacket adjacent to the introduction port extends to at least the same height as an axis of the turbine.   4. The intermediate portion according to claim 1, wherein a center line of the exhaust passage is inclined so that the downstream portion side is closer to the cylinder block than the upstream portion side. The engine with a supercharger described in 1.   Among the water jackets formed on the vehicle rear side of the cylinder block, the water jacket adjacent to the introduction port extends below the other water jackets formed on the vehicle rear side of the cylinder block. The supercharged engine according to claim 1, wherein the engine is a supercharger.   Among the water jackets formed on the vehicle rear side of the cylinder block, the water jacket adjacent to the introduction port extends below the water jacket formed on the vehicle front side of the cylinder block. The supercharged engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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