JP2006306211A - Welding structural member of tailored blank material - Google Patents

Welding structural member of tailored blank material Download PDF

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JP2006306211A
JP2006306211A JP2005129722A JP2005129722A JP2006306211A JP 2006306211 A JP2006306211 A JP 2006306211A JP 2005129722 A JP2005129722 A JP 2005129722A JP 2005129722 A JP2005129722 A JP 2005129722A JP 2006306211 A JP2006306211 A JP 2006306211A
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tailored blank
notch
blank material
weld
welded
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JP4568161B2 (en
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Toyoki Yamamoto
豊樹 山本
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a welding structural member for loosening stress concentration of a welding part by providing specific notches on both sides of the welding part especially when a tailored blank material is applied to a member, to which a load is repeatedly applied, such as a frame (member) or an arm of a chassis of an automobile. <P>SOLUTION: In this welding structural member, a tailored blank material is butt-welded or mush seam welded, and a welding part of the tailored blank material forms a flange end. Notches are provided on both sides of the tailored blank material. When the flange width of the structural member is designated as D (mm) and the notch depth is designated as d (mm), the relationship of D/10≤d≤D/4 is satisfied. When the length from a notch bottom center to a stop end on a thin side of the tailored blank welding part is designated as 1 (mm), the relationship of 2.0d≤1≤3.0d is satisfied. When the curvature radius of the notch bottom is designated as ρ(mm), the relationship of d≤ρ<(d<SP>2</SP>+1<SP>2</SP>)/2d is satisfied. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、テーラードブランク材を適用した構造部材の溶接部の応力緩和に関するもので、特に自動車のシャーシーのフレーム（メンバー）やアームのように繰返し荷重がかかる部材にテーラードブランク材を適用した箇所の溶接部の応力が緩和された溶接構造部材に関する。   The present invention relates to stress relaxation in a welded portion of a structural member to which a tailored blank material is applied. In particular, the present invention relates to a portion where a tailored blank material is applied to a member that is repeatedly loaded such as a frame (member) or arm of an automobile chassis. The present invention relates to a welded structure member in which stress at a welded portion is relaxed.

近年、自動車のシャーシーには、車体重量軽減および車体強度アップの観点からサブフレームとして図１に示すようなテーラードブランク材の適用が検討されている。   In recent years, application of a tailored blank material as shown in FIG. 1 as a subframe has been studied for automobile chassis from the viewpoint of reducing vehicle weight and increasing vehicle strength.

このテーラードブランク材が、自動車のシャーシーに用いられる場合、図２（ａ）に示すようにテーラードブランク材１同士、或いはテーラードブランク材と他の部材とが溶接されている溶接部材で構成されるのが一般的であるが、このテーラードブランク材の溶接部２には、自動車走行時に、タイヤまたはタイヤを保持するアーム類から、繰返し引張り、或いは繰返し曲げに曝され、その結果、図２（ｂ）に示すように溶接部にその溶接段差や溶着金属の形状に起因する応力集中によるき裂Ｋが発生し、重大な事故に繋がる恐れがある。   When this tailored blank material is used for an automobile chassis, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the tailored blank material 1 or the tailored blank material and other members are welded to each other. However, the tailored blank material welded portion 2 is subjected to repeated pulling or bending from the tire or the arms holding the tire during traveling of the automobile, and as a result, FIG. 2 (b). As shown in FIG. 2, a crack K due to stress concentration caused by the welding step and the shape of the weld metal occurs in the welded portion, which may lead to a serious accident.

一般に構造体の溶接部への応力集中の緩和については様々な提案がなされている。例えば、特許文献１には、構造部材を繋ぐ連結部材を構造部材に取り付けるためのブラケットのフランジ側面の片側に円弧状の切欠きを形成する方法が提案されているが、取り付け部材が剛性であることからブラケットの隅肉溶接部近傍のピン孔に荷重がかかり、応力の流れが偏よるという点では応力緩和の効果があるも、部材がテーラードブランク材のように薄手材で、極限まで形状最適化した部材では断面積が減少することにより円弧状の切欠き底からき裂が進展するという問題がある。また、ブラケット自体が極限設計されておらず、大きな円弧による応力緩和しか期待できないという問題がある。   In general, various proposals have been made for alleviating stress concentration on the welded portion of a structure. For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a method of forming an arc-shaped notch on one side of the flange side surface of a bracket for attaching a connecting member that connects the structural members to the structural member, but the attachment member is rigid. As a result, a load is applied to the pin hole near the fillet weld of the bracket and the stress flow is biased, but there is an effect of stress relaxation, but the material is thin like a tailored blank and the shape is optimized to the limit There is a problem that cracks propagate from the arc-shaped notch bottom due to the reduced cross-sectional area of the formed member. In addition, the bracket itself is not designed to the limit, and there is a problem that only stress relaxation by a large arc can be expected.

また、特許文献２には、サスペンションアーム部とこれに相互に連結するビーム部との接合端部に応力集中が起こることを緩和するために、ビーム部接合部の車幅方向内側に第二の溶接縁部の延長線近傍に至る深さのノッチを形成する方法が提案されているが、これは２部材が直角に組み込まれ、その一方の部材をもう一方に溶接している端部が一方の部材に対して斜めであり、かつその止端部付近でその角度を変化させている場合に有効な手段であるが、角度変化のないテーラードブランク材の溶接近傍での応力緩和には適用できないという問題がある。   Further, in Patent Document 2, in order to alleviate the stress concentration at the joint end portion between the suspension arm portion and the beam portion connected to the suspension arm portion, the second inward in the vehicle width direction of the beam portion joint portion. There has been proposed a method of forming a notch with a depth reaching the vicinity of the extension line of the weld edge, in which two members are assembled at a right angle and one end is welded to the other. This is an effective means when the angle is changed near the toe part and is not effective for stress relaxation in the vicinity of the welded tailored blank with no angle change. There is a problem.

更に、特許文献３には、自動車のトーションビーム式サスペンションにおいて、トーションビームとトレーリングアームとの連結部における応力集中を緩和する脆弱部を連結部以外の部位に設けることで連結部の強度低下を防止する提案がなされているが、この技術は、大きな変形を許容する部材の隅肉溶接部の止端部における大きな円弧形成による応力集中緩和対策であるため、そのまま本発明が対象とするテーラードブランク材が適用される自動車のシャーシーのフレーム（メンバ）やアームに適用した場合には剛性が不足するためテーラードブランク材の溶接近傍での応力緩和には適用できないという問題がある。   Furthermore, in Patent Document 3, in a torsion beam suspension of an automobile, a weakened portion that relieves stress concentration in a connecting portion between a torsion beam and a trailing arm is provided in a portion other than the connecting portion, thereby preventing a reduction in strength of the connecting portion. Although proposed, this technique is a stress concentration alleviation measure by forming a large arc at the toe of the fillet weld of a member that allows large deformation, so that the tailored blank material that is the subject of the present invention is used as it is. When it is applied to a frame (member) or arm of an applied automobile chassis, there is a problem that it cannot be applied to stress relaxation in the vicinity of welding of a tailored blank material because of insufficient rigidity.

特開２００４−１６９８６４号公報JP 2004-169864 A 特開平７−２７６９４２号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-276742 特開平１０−２３６１２３号公報JP-A-10-236123

本発明は上記課題に鑑み、特に自動車のシャーシーのフレーム（メンバー）やアームのように繰返し荷重がかかる部材にテーラードブランク材を適用した際、そのテーラードブランク材の溶接部の両側に特定のノッチを設けることで溶接部の応力集中を緩和する溶接構造部材を提供する。   In view of the above problems, the present invention has a particular notch on both sides of the welded portion of the tailored blank material, particularly when the tailored blank material is applied to a member that repeatedly receives a load such as a frame (member) or arm of an automobile chassis. Provided is a welded structural member that reduces stress concentration in the welded portion.

本発明は上記課題を解決するためになされたもので、その要旨は、突合せ溶接またはマッシュシーム溶接されたテーラードブランク材であって、そのテーラードブランク材の溶接部がフランジ端を形成している構造部材において、該構造部材のフランジ幅Ｄ（ｍｍ）に対し、ノッチ深さｄ（ｍｍ）をＤ／１０≦ｄ≦Ｄ／４で、かつノッチ底中心からテーラードブランク溶接部の薄手側の止端部までの長さｌ（ｍｍ）を、２．０ｄ≦ｌ≦３．０ｄ、ノッチ底の曲率半径ρ（ｍｍ）をｄ≦ρ＜（ｄ2 ＋ｌ2 ）／２ｄを満たすノッチをテーラードブランク溶接部の両側に設けることを特徴とするテーラードブランク材を適用した溶接構造部材である。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the gist thereof is a tailored blank material that is butt welded or mash seam welded, and the welded portion of the tailored blank material forms a flange end. In the member, the notch depth d (mm) is D / 10 ≦ d ≦ D / 4 with respect to the flange width D (mm) of the structural member, and the toe on the thin side of the tailored blank weld from the center of the notch bottom Tailored blank welding with a notch satisfying a length l (mm) up to 2.0d ≦ l ≦ 3.0d and a curvature radius ρ (mm) of the notch bottom d ≦ ρ <(d 2 + l 2 ) / 2d It is a welded structural member to which a tailored blank material is provided, which is provided on both sides of the part.

本発明により、テーラードブランク材を適用した構造部材において、繰返し荷重に曝されるテーラードブランク溶接部の耐久性が向上する。   According to the present invention, in a structural member to which a tailored blank material is applied, durability of a tailored blank welded portion that is exposed to repeated loads is improved.

本発明者らは、図２（ｂ）に示すようなテーラードブランク材同士、或いはテーラードブランク材と他の部材とを溶接し、テーラードブランク材の溶接部近傍の繰返し荷重でその溶接段差や溶着金属の形状に起因する応力集中に曝される部位のき裂発生を防止するために種々検討を行ったところ、溶接部両側に特定のノッチ４を設けることで溶接部の応力集中を緩和しうることを知見した。すなわち、図３（ａ）〜（ｃ）に示すようなテーラードブランク材の溶接部近傍の両側にノッチを設けるものである。   The present inventors weld tailored blank materials as shown in FIG. 2 (b), or tailored blank materials and other members, and the welding step and weld metal by repeated load near the welded portion of the tailored blank materials. Various studies have been conducted to prevent the occurrence of cracks in parts exposed to stress concentration due to the shape of the weld. By providing specific notches 4 on both sides of the weld, it is possible to alleviate stress concentration in the weld I found out. That is, notches are provided on both sides in the vicinity of the welded portion of the tailored blank material as shown in FIGS.

しかし、このノッチ４の形状はどんな形状のものでも応力集中を緩和できるものではなく、ノッチ深さ、ノッチ底中心からテーラードブランク溶接部の薄手側の止端部までの長さ、ノッチ底の曲率半径が或る一定の条件を満足する場合に完全に応力緩和が可能となることが判明した。その条件とは、図４（ａ）のテーラードブランク材の突合せ溶接、および図４（ｂ）のマッシュシーム溶接の例に示すように、テーラードブランク材の溶接部がフランジ端を形成している構造部材で、テーラードブランク材の各部位において、フランジ幅をＤ（ｍｍ）とし、ノッチ深さをｄ（ｍｍ）とし、ノッチ底中心からテーラードブランク溶接部の薄手側の止端部までの長さをｌ（ｍｍ）、ノッチ底の曲率半径をρ（ｍｍ）とした時、この構造部材のフランジ幅Ｄに対し、ノッチ深さｄをＤ／１０≦ｄ≦Ｄ／４で、かつノッチ底中心からテーラードブランク溶接部の薄手側の止端部までの長さｌを、２．０ｄ≦ｌ≦３．０ｄ、ノッチ底の曲率半径ρをｄ≦ρ＜（ｄ2 ＋ｌ2 ）／２ｄを満たす条件で、ノッチをテーラードブランク材の溶接部の両側に設けるものである。 However, the shape of the notch 4 is not able to alleviate stress concentration, but the notch depth, the length from the center of the notch bottom to the tail end on the thin side of the tailored blank weld, the curvature of the notch bottom It has been found that the stress can be completely relaxed when the radius satisfies a certain condition. The condition is a structure in which the welded portion of the tailored blank material forms a flange end as shown in the example of the butt welding of the tailored blank material in FIG. 4A and the mash seam welding in FIG. 4B. In each part of the tailored blank material, the flange width is D (mm), the notch depth is d (mm), and the length from the center of the notch bottom to the thin end of the tailored blank weld is the length. When l (mm) and the curvature radius of the notch bottom are ρ (mm), the notch depth d is D / 10 ≦ d ≦ D / 4 with respect to the flange width D of this structural member, and from the center of the notch bottom. The length l of the tailored blank weld to the toe on the thin side satisfies 2.0d ≦ l ≦ 3.0d, and the curvature radius ρ of the notch bottom satisfies d ≦ ρ <(d 2 + l 2 ) / 2d. With the notch, the welded part of the tailored blank It is those provided on both sides.

ノッチ深さｄをこの構造部材のフランジ幅Ｄに対し、Ｄ／１０≦ｄ≦Ｄ／４とする理由は、ｄ＜Ｄ／１０ではノッチ深さが浅くなりすぎ、溶接部での応力緩和が不十分で、依然として溶接止端部にき裂が発生する。また、ｄ＞Ｄ／４ではノッチ深さが深くなって応力緩和には効果があるものの平均応力が高くなりすぎてノッチ底にき裂が発生する。このき裂が発生するノッチは厚手側よりも平均応力が高い薄手側で発生する。
また、ノッチ底中心からテーラードブランク溶接部の薄手側の止端部までの長さｌを、２．０ｄ≦ｌ≦３．０ｄとした理由は、ｌ＜２．０ｄでは、ノッチ付与により溶接部の応力緩和には効果があるものの溶接両側に付与した２つのノッチの応力集中が重畳しあって平均応力が高い薄手側のノッチ底にき裂が発生することになる。一方、ｌ＞３．０ｄではノッチ付与による応力緩和領域から溶接部が離れるため溶接止端部にき裂が発生する。
更に、ノッチ底の曲率半径ρをｄ≦ρ＜（ｄ2 ＋ｌ2 ）／２ｄとする理由は、ρ＜ｄでは、ノッチ付与により溶接部の応力緩和には効果があるものの溶接両側に付与した２つのノッチの応力集中が重畳しあって平均応力が高い薄手側のノッチ底にき裂が発生する。一方、ρ≧（ｄ2 ＋ｌ2 ）／２ｄでは、付与したノッチが溶接止端部にかかり、溶接止端部のフランジ端が部材の中心側に移動し、付与したノッチの応力緩和領域から外れるため溶接止端部にき裂が発生する。
上記の条件を満たすノッチをテーラードブランク溶接部の片側のみに設けても溶接止端部での応力緩和の効果が低く薄手側の止端部でき裂が発生するので、両側に設けることが必須である。 The reason why the notch depth d is D / 10 ≦ d ≦ D / 4 with respect to the flange width D of this structural member is that when d <D / 10, the notch depth becomes too shallow, and stress relaxation at the welded portion is caused. Insufficient and still cracks occur at the weld toe. Further, when d> D / 4, the notch depth is deep and effective in stress relaxation, but the average stress becomes too high and a crack is generated at the notch bottom. The notch where this crack occurs is generated on the thin side where the average stress is higher than that on the thick side.
Also, the reason why the length l from the center of the notch bottom to the tail end on the thin side of the tailored blank weld is 2.0d ≦ l ≦ 3.0d. Although stress relaxation is effective, the stress concentration of the two notches applied to both sides of the weld overlaps and a crack is generated at the notch bottom on the thin side where the average stress is high. On the other hand, when l> 3.0d, the weld is separated from the stress relaxation region due to notching, and a crack is generated at the weld toe.
Furthermore, the reason why the curvature radius ρ of the bottom of the notch is d ≦ ρ <(d 2 + l 2 ) / 2d is that when ρ <d, the notch is effective to relieve the stress of the weld, but it is applied to both sides of the weld. Cracks are generated at the notch bottom on the thin side where the stress concentration of the two notches overlaps and the average stress is high. On the other hand, when ρ ≧ (d 2 + l 2 ) / 2d, the applied notch is applied to the weld toe, the flange end of the weld toe moves to the center side of the member, and deviates from the stress relaxation region of the applied notch. Therefore, a crack occurs at the weld toe.
Even if notches that satisfy the above conditions are provided only on one side of the tailored blank weld, the stress relaxation effect at the weld toe is low and cracking occurs at the toe on the thin side, so it is essential to provide it on both sides. is there.

図３（ａ）に示したテーラードブランク材同士を溶接して構成したテーラードブランク材の溶接構造部材Ｎｏ．１〜Ｎｏ．１４を準備し、それぞれに引張・圧縮応力を付与して疲労試験を実施した。長さがそれぞれ３００ｍｍで、引張強さ４４０ＭＰａ級の厚さｔ＝１．８ｍｍの鋼板と、２７０ＭＰａ級の厚さｔ＝２．２ｍの鋼板を、表１に示すフランジ幅を有し、深さ５０ｍｍとなるようにプレス成形した後、スポット溶接し、１００ｍｍ□の断面を有する溶接構造物を製造した。その結果を表１に示した。具体的な試験方法は、従来材であるノッチなし部材（Ｎｏ．１）の疲労限を求め、その疲労限の１２０％負荷にて疲労試験を実施した。   The welded structure member No. 1 of the tailored blank material constituted by welding the tailored blank materials shown in FIG. 1-No. No. 14 was prepared, and a fatigue test was performed by applying tensile / compressive stress to each. A steel plate having a length of 300 mm, a tensile strength of 440 MPa class, a thickness t = 1.8 mm, and a 270 MPa class thickness t = 2.2 m, each having a flange width shown in Table 1, and a depth After press forming so as to be 50 mm, spot welding was performed to manufacture a welded structure having a cross section of 100 mm □. The results are shown in Table 1. The concrete test method calculated | required the fatigue limit of the notched member (No. 1) which is a conventional material, and implemented the fatigue test by 120% load of the fatigue limit.

Figure 2006306211
Figure 2006306211

表１から分かるように、本発明で規定したノッチ条件を満足する部材（Ｎｏ．３、Ｎｏ．５、Ｎｏ．７〜１０およびＮｏ．１３）は溶接およびノッチ底にも何らき裂が発生せず疲労強度が向上していた。   As can be seen from Table 1, the members (No. 3, No. 5, No. 7 to 10 and No. 13) satisfying the notch conditions defined in the present invention are not cracked at the bottom of the weld and notch. The fatigue strength was improved.

一方、ノッチ深さｄが浅いＮｏ．２では溶接部の応力緩和が不十分で従来材のＮｏ．１と同様に溶接止端部にき裂が発生した。また、溶接部からノッチ底までの距離ｌが小さいＮｏ．４では、ノッチ付与により溶接部の応力緩和効果はあるものの、溶接両側に付与した２つのノッチの応力集中が重畳しあい、平均応力が高い薄手側のノッチ底にき裂が発生した。また、ノッチ底の曲率半径ρを小さくしたＮｏ．６ではノッチ付与により溶接部の応力緩和効果はあるもののノッチ底に応力が集中し、平均応力が高い薄手側のノッチ底にき裂が発生した。
更に、ノッチ底の曲率半径ρを大きくしたＮｏ．１１では付与したノッチが溶接止端部にかかり、溶接止端部のフランジ端が部材中心側に移動して付与したノッチの応力緩和領域から外れたため従来材のＮｏ．１と同様に溶接止端部にき裂が発生した。溶接部からノッチ底までの距離ｌを大きくしたＮｏ．１２ではノッチ付与による応力緩和領域から溶接部が離れるため従来材のＮｏ．１と同様に溶接止端部にき裂が発生した。また、ノッチ深さｄが深いＮｏ．１４ではノッチ付与により溶接部の応力緩和効果はあるものの、部材の平均応力が高くなるためノッチ底にき裂が発生した。 On the other hand, no. In No. 2, the stress relaxation of the welded part is insufficient and the conventional material No. As with 1, cracks occurred at the weld toe. In addition, No. 1 having a small distance l from the weld to the bottom of the notch. In No. 4, although the stress relief effect of the welded portion was obtained by applying the notch, the stress concentration of the two notches applied on both sides of the weld overlapped each other, and a crack occurred at the notch bottom on the thin side where the average stress was high. In addition, No. 1 in which the radius of curvature ρ of the notch bottom is reduced. In No. 6, although the stress relief effect of the welded portion was obtained by applying the notch, the stress was concentrated on the notch bottom, and a crack was generated on the notch bottom on the thin side having a high average stress.
Furthermore, No. 1 with a larger curvature radius ρ at the bottom of the notch. In No. 11, the applied notch was applied to the weld toe, and the flange end of the weld toe moved to the center side of the member and moved away from the stress relaxation region of the applied notch. As with 1, cracks occurred at the weld toe. No. 1 with increased distance l from the weld to the bottom of the notch. No. 12 of the conventional material because the weld is separated from the stress relaxation region by notching. As with 1, cracks occurred at the weld toe. In addition, No. having a deep notch depth d. In No. 14, although there was a stress relaxation effect of the welded portion by providing a notch, a crack occurred at the notch bottom because the average stress of the member increased.

自動車のシャーシーにテーラードブランク材を用いたサブフレームを示す図。The figure which shows the sub-frame using the tailored blank material for the chassis of a motor vehicle. （ａ）はテーラードブランク材とその溶接構造を示す図で、（ｂ）は溶接部でのき裂発生状態を示す図。(A) is a figure which shows a tailored blank material and its welding structure, (b) is a figure which shows the crack generation state in a welding part. （ａ）、（ｂ）、（ｃ）は各種テーラードブランク材の溶接構造部材の形状の態様を示す図。(A), (b), (c) is a figure which shows the aspect of the shape of the welded structure member of various tailored blank materials. （ａ）は本発明によるテーラードブランク材の突合せ溶接で構成する場合のノッチ付与条件を示す図で、（ｂ）はマッシュシーム溶接で構成する場合のノッチ付与条件を示す図。(A) is a figure which shows the notch provision conditions in the case of comprising by butt welding of the tailored blank material by this invention, (b) is a figure which shows the notch provision conditions in the case of comprising by mash seam welding.

Claims (1)

突合せ溶接またはマッシュシーム溶接されたテーラードブランク材であって、そのテーラードブランク材の溶接部がフランジ端を形成している構造部材において、該構造部材のフランジ幅Ｄ（ｍｍ）に対し、ノッチ深さｄ（ｍｍ）をＤ／１０≦ｄ≦Ｄ／４で、かつノッチ底中心からテーラードブランク溶接部の薄手側の止端部までの長さｌ（ｍｍ）を、２．０ｄ≦ｌ≦３．０ｄ、ノッチ底の曲率半径ρ（ｍｍ）をｄ≦ρ＜（ｄ2 ＋ｌ2 ）／２ｄを満たすノッチをテーラードブランク溶接部の両側に設けることを特徴とする溶接構造部材。 A tailored blank material butt welded or mash seam welded, in which the welded portion of the tailored blank material forms a flange end, the notch depth relative to the flange width D (mm) of the structural member d (mm) is D / 10 ≦ d ≦ D / 4, and the length l (mm) from the center of the notch bottom to the thin end of the tailored blank weld is 2.0d ≦ l ≦ 3. A welded structure member characterized in that a notch satisfying 0d, a curvature radius ρ (mm) of a notch bottom satisfying d ≦ ρ <(d 2 + l 2 ) / 2d is provided on both sides of a tailored blank weld.
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