JP2006300678A - Visual inspection method and visual inspection assisting device for product - Google Patents

Visual inspection method and visual inspection assisting device for product Download PDF

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JP2006300678A
JP2006300678A JP2005121684A JP2005121684A JP2006300678A JP 2006300678 A JP2006300678 A JP 2006300678A JP 2005121684 A JP2005121684 A JP 2005121684A JP 2005121684 A JP2005121684 A JP 2005121684A JP 2006300678 A JP2006300678 A JP 2006300678A
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product
inspection
defective portion
appearance
visual inspection
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JP4680659B2 (en
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Tomoyuki Kaneko
智之 金子
Norihiro Honda
徳弘 本田
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Bridgestone Corp
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Bridgestone Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C25/00—Apparatus or tools adapted for mounting, removing or inspecting tyres
    • B60C25/002—Inspecting tyres

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of carrying out efficiently and surely visual inspection for a product surface by an inspection person. <P>SOLUTION: A position of a defective portion of a product tire 10 is preliminarily detected by an automatic visual inspection device 20 for detecting only the position of the defective portion, when the inspection person P inspects an appearance of the product tire 10, to be displayed on a display 41 of an indication means 40 installed in the vicinity of a working table 30 for the inspection person P to inspect visually the product tire 10, and the inspection person P makes the inspection while confirming the position of the defective portion of the product tire 10 on the display 41. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、製品の外観検査方法に関するもので、特に、検査員が製品の外観を検査する方法の改良に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for inspecting the appearance of a product, and more particularly to an improvement in a method for an inspector to inspect the appearance of a product.

従来、タイヤ表面の傷や汚れなどを検査する製品の外観検査には、検査員が目視あるいは触診にて検査する方法と、撮像装置と画像処理装置と演算装置とを備え、当該製品をカメラで撮影し、得られた外観データを画像処理して、変色や傷あるいは汚れなどの大きさや形状などを算出して製品の外観の良否を自動的に判定する外観自動検査装置を用いる方法とが行われている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
特開平８−２０９３８６号公報 Conventionally, the appearance inspection of a product for inspecting a tire surface for scratches or dirt, etc., includes a method in which an inspector visually inspects or palpates, an imaging device, an image processing device, and an arithmetic device, and the product is processed by a camera. A method of using an automatic appearance inspection device that automatically measures the appearance of a product by taking a picture and processing the obtained appearance data and calculating the size and shape of discoloration, scratches or dirt, etc. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
JP-A-8-209386

しかしながら、上記検査員が検査する方法では、製品のどこに傷や汚れがあるか分からないので、製品表面全体をくまなく見てまわらなければならないため、検査に時間がかかるだけでなく、表面の大部分は不良が生じていない箇所であるので、検査効率が悪いといった問題点があった。例えば、製品タイヤの外観検査を行う場合には、その表面全体の約１．６ｍ2を検査しなければならないため、検査時間を３０秒とすると、そのペースは１秒で約Ａ４用紙１枚の面積を検査することになる。したがって、熟練した検査員でないと設定された検査時間よりも時間がかかるだけでなく、検査ミスによる不良品の流出も発生していた。また、製品表面の不良箇所につき客観的なデータを残す余裕がないので、発生した不良位置の統計を取り対策を立てることが困難であった。
一方、外観自動検査装置を用いる方法では、撮像装置の分解能をある程度大きくしないと傷や汚れを検出できないことや、データ処理のためには容量の大きな記憶手段や演算手段が必要であることから装置が大掛かりになるだけでなく、画像から傷や汚れなどを抽出したり判定したりするためのデータ処理が複雑になってしまうという欠点があった。 However, the method inspected by the inspector does not know where the product has scratches or dirt, so the entire surface of the product must be looked at. Since the portion is a portion where no defect occurs, there is a problem that inspection efficiency is poor. For example, when an appearance inspection of a product tire is performed, about 1.6 m 2 of the entire surface must be inspected. If the inspection time is 30 seconds, the pace is about one A4 sheet per second. The area will be inspected. Therefore, if it is not a skilled inspector, not only will it take longer than the set inspection time, but defective products will also flow out due to inspection errors. In addition, since there is no room for leaving objective data for defective parts on the product surface, it is difficult to take measures by taking statistics of the positions of the defects.
On the other hand, in the method using the automatic appearance inspection apparatus, scratches and dirt cannot be detected unless the resolution of the imaging apparatus is increased to some extent, and a large-capacity storage means and arithmetic means are necessary for data processing. However, there is a drawback that the data processing for extracting and determining scratches and dirt from the image becomes complicated.

本発明は、上記従来の問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、検査員による製品の外観検査を効率よく、かつ、確実に行うことのできる方法と、外観検査ラインに導入される外観検査補助装置を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and a method capable of efficiently and reliably performing an appearance inspection of a product by an inspector, and an appearance inspection auxiliary device introduced into an appearance inspection line. The purpose is to provide.

本願の請求項１に記載の発明は、検査員が製品の外観を検査する製品の外観検査方法であって、上記製品の不良箇所の位置を、製品の不良箇所の位置のみ、あるいは、不良箇所の位置と不良の種類のみを検出する自動外観検査装置により予め検出する工程と、上記検出された製品の不良箇所の位置を指示する指示手段により、上記不良箇所の位置を上記検査員に視認させる工程とを付加したことを特徴とする。
請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の製品の外観検査方法において、上記指示手段を、製品とその不良箇所の位置とを映像的に表示する映像装置としたものである。
請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の製品の外観検査方法において、上記指示手段を、製品の不良部位の位置に可視光を照射するビームポインタとしたものである。
また、請求項４に記載の発明は、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の製品の外観検査方法において使用される製品の外観検査補助装置であって、外観を検査する製品の不良箇所の位置のみ、あるいは、不良箇所の位置と不良の種類のみを検出する自動外観検査装置と、上記検出された製品の不良箇所の位置を表示もしくは指示する手段とを備えたことを特徴とするものである。 The invention according to claim 1 of the present application is a product appearance inspection method in which an inspector inspects the appearance of a product, and the position of the defective portion of the product is determined only by the position of the defective portion of the product or the defective portion. The inspector visually recognizes the position of the defective portion by the step of detecting in advance by an automatic visual inspection apparatus that detects only the position of the product and the type of the defect, and the instruction means for instructing the position of the detected defective portion of the product. The process is added.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the visual inspection method for a product according to the first aspect, the instruction means is a video device that visually displays the product and the position of the defective portion.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the product appearance inspection method according to the first aspect, the instruction means is a beam pointer that irradiates visible light to a position of a defective part of the product.
The invention described in claim 4 is a product visual inspection auxiliary device used in the product visual inspection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the defective portion of the product whose visual inspection is to be performed is provided. An automatic visual inspection apparatus that detects only the position, or only the position of the defective part and the type of defect, and means for displaying or indicating the position of the detected defective part of the product are provided. is there.

本発明によれば、検査員が製品の外観を目視あるいは触診等により検査する際に、上記製品の不良箇所の位置を、不良箇所の位置のみ、あるいは、不良箇所の位置と不良の種類のみを検出する自動外観検査装置により予め検出しておき、検査員が、例えば、製品とその不良箇所の位置とを映像的に表示する映像装置や、製品の不良部位の位置に可視光を照射するビームポインタなどの指示装置の指示する上記不良箇所の位置を視認しながら製品の外観検査を行うことができるようにしたので、検査員は上記指示箇所を重点的に検査して上記不良箇所を確認するだけでよく、検査効率を大幅に改善することができる。また、これにより、不良箇所を見逃してしまう確率も殆どなくなるので、検査ミスを大幅に低減することができる。   According to the present invention, when the inspector inspects the appearance of the product by visual inspection or palpation, the position of the defective part of the product is determined only for the position of the defective part, or only for the position of the defective part and the type of the defect. A beam that is detected in advance by an automatic visual inspection device to be detected and an inspector displays, for example, the product and the position of the defective portion in a visual manner, or a beam that irradiates the position of the defective portion of the product with visible light. Since the appearance inspection of the product can be performed while visually recognizing the position of the defective portion indicated by the pointing device such as a pointer, the inspector focuses on the indicated portion to confirm the defective portion. The inspection efficiency can be greatly improved. Moreover, since there is almost no probability of missing a defective part, inspection errors can be greatly reduced.

以下、本発明の最良の形態について、図面に基づき説明する。
図１は、本最良形態に係る製品タイヤの外観検査方法の概要を示す図である。本例では、検査員Ｐがタイヤ表面の傷や汚れなどを検査する際に、検査ラインに、ＣＣＤカメラなどの撮像装置２１と、この撮影された画像を画像処理して不良箇所の位置のみを検出する画像処理装置２２と、上記検出された不良箇所の位置を記憶する記憶手段２３とを備えた自動外観検査装置２０と、上記記憶手段２３に記憶された不良箇所の位置を表示するディスプレイ４１を備えた指示装置４０とを導入して、上記検査員Ｐによる外観検査を補助するようにしたもので、上記自動外観検査装置２０と上記指示装置４０とにより、本発明の外観検査補助装置を構成する。
次に、上記外観検査補助装置を用いた外観検査方法について説明する。
まず、検査する製品タイヤ１０の不良箇所の位置を、上記不良箇所の位置のみを検出する自動外観検査装置２０により予め検出する。具体的には、製品タイヤ１０を上記撮像装置２１で撮影し、画像処理装置２２にて、この撮影された画像を画像処理して不良箇所の座標を検出し、これを記憶手段２３に記憶する。そして、上記検出データを、検査員Ｐが製品タイヤ１０を目視検査する作業机３０の近傍に設置された指示手段４０に送り、上記指示手段４０のディスプレイ４１上に表示する。検査員Ｐは、同図の丸や三角などで表わされた上記ディスプレイ４１上の当該製品タイヤ１０の不良箇所の場所を確認して、上記表示された不良箇所のみを重点的に検査する。
なお、検査員Ｐの検査方法は、従来同様、目視あるいは触診による検査である。これにより、上記検査員Ｐは、従来のように、タイヤ全体を検査する必要がないので、検査効率を大幅に改善することができるだけでなく、不良箇所を見逃してしまう確率も殆どなくなるので、検査ミスを大幅に低減することができる。
また、上記自動外観検査装置２０は、傷や汚れの不良箇所の位置のみを検出し、その種類の判定や、傷や汚れの定量的な検出は行わないので、従来の自動外観検査装置に比べて演算装置や記憶装置が少なく小型化できるとともに、画像処理が簡単なので処理時間が短く、その結果、不良箇所の位置検出を速やかに行うことができるという利点を有する。 Hereinafter, the best mode of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a product tire appearance inspection method according to the best mode. In this example, when the inspector P inspects the scratches or dirt on the tire surface, the image pickup device 21 such as a CCD camera and the captured image are processed on the inspection line, and only the position of the defective portion is detected. An automatic visual inspection apparatus 20 having an image processing device 22 to be detected and a storage means 23 for storing the position of the detected defective portion, and a display 41 for displaying the position of the defective portion stored in the storage means 23. Is introduced to assist the appearance inspection by the inspector P. The automatic appearance inspection device 20 and the instruction device 40 provide the appearance inspection assistance device of the present invention. Constitute.
Next, an appearance inspection method using the appearance inspection auxiliary device will be described.
First, the position of the defective portion of the product tire 10 to be inspected is detected in advance by the automatic appearance inspection device 20 that detects only the position of the defective portion. Specifically, the product tire 10 is photographed by the imaging device 21, and the image processing device 22 performs image processing on the photographed image to detect the coordinates of the defective portion, and stores this in the storage means 23. . Then, the detection data is sent to the instruction means 40 installed near the work desk 30 where the inspector P visually inspects the product tire 10 and displayed on the display 41 of the instruction means 40. The inspector P checks the location of the defective part of the product tire 10 on the display 41 represented by circles or triangles in the figure, and inspects only the displayed defective part.
In addition, the inspection method of the inspector P is an inspection by visual inspection or palpation as in the past. As a result, the inspector P does not need to inspect the entire tire as in the prior art, so not only can the inspection efficiency be greatly improved, but also the probability of missing a defective portion is almost eliminated. Mistakes can be greatly reduced.
Further, the automatic visual inspection apparatus 20 detects only the position of a defective part of a scratch or dirt, and does not perform the type determination or quantitative detection of the scratch or dirt, so that it is compared with a conventional automatic visual inspection apparatus. Thus, there are advantages in that the number of arithmetic devices and storage devices can be reduced and the size can be reduced, and since the image processing is simple, the processing time is short, and as a result, the position of the defective portion can be detected quickly.

このように、本最良の形態によれば、製品タイヤ１０の外観を検査員Ｐが検査する際に、検査ラインに、不良箇所の位置のみを検出する自動外観検査装置２０と上記検出された不良箇所の位置を表示するディスプレイ４１を備えた指示装置４０とから成る外観検査補助装置を導入して、上記製品タイヤ１０の不良箇所の位置を上記自動外観検査装置２０にて予め検出しておき、これを、検査員Ｐが製品タイヤ１０を検査する作業机３０の近傍に設置された上記指示手段４０のディスプレイ４１上に表示し、検査員Ｐが上記ディスプレイ４１上の当該製品タイヤ１０の不良箇所の場所を確認しながら目視あるいは触診等によるによる外観検査を行うようにしたので、検査効率を大幅に改善することができるだけでなく、検査ミスを大幅に低減することができる。
また、上記外観検査補助装置の自動外観検査装置２０は、製品の不良箇所の座標のみを算出するだけでよいので、従来の自動外観検査装置に比べて演算装置や記憶装置の容量が少なくて済み、かつ、処理時間を大幅に短縮することができる。また、製品表面の不良箇所につき客観的なデータを残すことができるので、発生した不良位置の統計を取るようにすれば、有効な不良対策を立てることが可能となる。 Thus, according to this best mode, when the inspector P inspects the appearance of the product tire 10, the automatic appearance inspection device 20 that detects only the position of the defective portion on the inspection line and the detected defect Introducing a visual inspection auxiliary device comprising a pointing device 40 provided with a display 41 for displaying the position of the location, the automatic visual inspection device 20 detects the position of the defective location of the product tire 10 in advance, This is displayed on the display 41 of the instruction means 40 installed in the vicinity of the work desk 30 where the inspector P inspects the product tire 10, and the inspector P has a defective portion of the product tire 10 on the display 41. Visual inspection by visual inspection or palpation is performed while checking the location of the inspection. Not only can inspection efficiency be greatly improved, but inspection errors can be greatly reduced. It is possible.
Further, the automatic visual inspection device 20 of the visual inspection auxiliary device only needs to calculate the coordinates of the defective part of the product, so that the capacity of the arithmetic unit and the storage device can be reduced as compared with the conventional automatic visual inspection device. In addition, the processing time can be greatly shortened. Further, since objective data can be left for the defective part on the product surface, it is possible to devise effective defect countermeasures by taking statistics of the position of the generated defect.

なお、上記最良の形態では、自動外観検査装置２０で検出した製品タイヤ１０の不良箇所の位置を、指示手段４０のディスプレイ４１上に表示することにより上記不良箇所を検査員Ｐに視認させるようにしたが、指示手段の形態はこれに限るものではなく、例えば、ビームポインタを準備し、上記自動外観検査装置２０で検出した製品タイヤ１０の不良箇所の位置に上記ビームポインタから可視光を照射して、作業員Ｐに不良箇所の位置を視認させるようにしてもよい。
また、上記例では、自動外観検査装置２０は不良箇所の位置のみを検出したが、これに加えて、傷や汚れなど不良の種類の判定を行っても、傷や汚れの大きさや形状などの定量的な判定を行うわけではないので、従来の自動外観検査装置に比べて容量を少なくできるとともに、処理時間を大幅に短縮することができる。
また、外観検査する製品としては上記製品タイヤ１０に限るものではなく、加硫前のタイヤやタイヤ構成部材、更には、各種機械部品やゴルフのヘッドなどの外観検査にも適用可能である。 In the best mode, the position of the defective portion of the product tire 10 detected by the automatic appearance inspection apparatus 20 is displayed on the display 41 of the instruction means 40 so that the inspector P can visually recognize the defective portion. However, the form of the instruction means is not limited to this, and for example, a beam pointer is prepared, and visible light is irradiated from the beam pointer to the position of the defective portion of the product tire 10 detected by the automatic visual inspection apparatus 20. Then, the worker P may be made to visually recognize the position of the defective portion.
In the above example, the automatic visual inspection apparatus 20 detects only the position of the defective portion. In addition to this, even if the type of the defect such as a scratch or dirt is determined, the size or shape of the scratch or dirt is detected. Since quantitative determination is not performed, the capacity can be reduced as compared with the conventional automatic visual inspection apparatus, and the processing time can be greatly shortened.
In addition, the product to be visually inspected is not limited to the product tire 10 described above, and can be applied to the appearance inspection of tires and tire components before vulcanization, and various machine parts and golf heads.

本発明によれば、製品の外観検査の検査効率を大幅に改善することができるとともに、検査ミスを大幅に低減することができるので、製品外観検査を速やかに行うことができるだけでなく、製品の信頼性についても格段に向上させることができる。   According to the present invention, the inspection efficiency of the product appearance inspection can be greatly improved, and inspection errors can be greatly reduced, so that not only the product appearance inspection can be performed promptly, Reliability can also be greatly improved.

本発明の最良の形態に係る本最良形態に係る製品タイヤの外観検査方法の概要を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the external appearance inspection method of the product tire which concerns on this best form which concerns on the best form of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０ 製品タイヤ、２０ 自動外観検査装置、２１ 撮像装置、２２ 画像処理装置、
２３ 記憶手段、３０ 作業机、４０ 指示手段、４１ ディスプレイ、Ｐ 検査員。 10 product tires, 20 automatic appearance inspection equipment, 21 imaging equipment, 22 image processing equipment,
23 storage means, 30 work desk, 40 instruction means, 41 display, P inspector.

Claims (4)

検査員が製品の外観を検査する製品の外観検査方法において、上記製品の不良箇所の位置を、製品の不良箇所の位置のみ、あるいは、不良箇所の位置と不良の種類のみを検出する自動外観検査装置により予め検出する工程と、上記検出された製品の不良箇所の位置を指示する指示手段により、上記不良箇所の位置を上記検査員に視認させる工程とを付加したことを特徴とする製品の外観検査方法。   In the product appearance inspection method in which the inspector inspects the appearance of the product, the automatic appearance inspection detects only the position of the defective part of the product, or only the position of the defective part and the type of the defect. Appearance of product characterized in that a step of detecting in advance by an apparatus and a step of causing the inspector to visually recognize the position of the defective portion by an instruction means for indicating the position of the detected defective portion of the product Inspection method. 上記指示手段を、製品とその不良箇所の位置とを映像的に表示する映像装置としたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の製品の外観検査方法。   2. The method for inspecting the appearance of a product according to claim 1, wherein the instructing means is an image device that visually displays the product and the position of the defective portion. 上記指示手段を、製品の不良部位の位置に可視光を照射するビームポインタとしたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の製品の外観検査方法。   2. The product appearance inspection method according to claim 1, wherein the instruction means is a beam pointer that irradiates visible light to a position of a defective part of the product. 外観を検査する製品の不良箇所の位置のみ、あるいは、不良箇所の位置と不良の種類のみを検出する自動外観検査装置と、上記検出された製品の不良箇所の位置を表示もしくは指示する手段とを備えたことを特徴とする製品の外観検査補助装置。
An automatic visual inspection apparatus that detects only the position of a defective portion of a product whose appearance is to be inspected, or only the position and type of a defective portion, and means for displaying or instructing the position of the detected defective portion of the product. A device for visually inspecting a product characterized by comprising the device.
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