JP2006298539A - Abnormality detecting device for elevator device - Google Patents

Abnormality detecting device for elevator device Download PDF

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JP2006298539A
JP2006298539A JP2005121037A JP2005121037A JP2006298539A JP 2006298539 A JP2006298539 A JP 2006298539A JP 2005121037 A JP2005121037 A JP 2005121037A JP 2005121037 A JP2005121037 A JP 2005121037A JP 2006298539 A JP2006298539 A JP 2006298539A
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car
speed
detection device
synchronous motor
current
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JP5084113B2 (en
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Takehiko Kubota
猛彦 久保田
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an abnormality detecting device for an elevator device capable of detecting abnormal speed of a car due to abnormality in elevator control, while preventing erroneous operation due to swing of the car. <P>SOLUTION: The elevator device using a hoisting machine using a permanent magnet type synchronous motor 5 is provided with a position detecting device 10 for detecting a distance from both of an upper and a lower ends of an elevator shaft to the car 3, a current detecting device 14 for detecting the current of the synchronous motor, a motor electric speed detecting unit 13 for computing frequency of the synchronous motor current detected by the current detecting device, and a setting means 13 for changing abnormal speed detection level in response to position of the car inside the shaft. A safety device is operated when an output of the motor electric speed detecting unit exceeds the abnormal speed detection level. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明はエレベーター装置の異常検出装置、特に永久磁石式同期電動機を用いたギヤレス巻上機を適用したエレベーター装置の異常検出装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an abnormality detection device for an elevator device, and more particularly to an abnormality detection device for an elevator device to which a gearless hoisting machine using a permanent magnet type synchronous motor is applied.

通常、エレベーター装置には、エレベーターかごが昇降路下部ピットに衝突するのを防止するために、複数の安全装置が設けられている。代表的な安全装置としては、調速器、非常停止装置、緩衝装置（バッファ）がある。   Usually, the elevator apparatus is provided with a plurality of safety devices in order to prevent the elevator car from colliding with the lower pit of the hoistway. Typical safety devices include a governor, an emergency stop device, and a shock absorber (buffer).

調速器は、かごの速度が所定の制動速度（例えば、定格速度の1.3倍の速度）を超えると、かごを吊り下げている主索が巻き掛けられた巻上機を制動するものである。非常停止装置は、巻上機の制動にも係わらずかごの速度が制動速度を超えて非常停止速度（例えば、定格速度の1.4倍の速度）を上回ると、かごを強制的に停止させるものである。緩衝装置は、かごがピットに突入した場合でも乗客の安全を確保する減速特性をもってかごを停止させるものである。   When the speed of the car exceeds a predetermined braking speed (for example, 1.3 times the rated speed), the governor brakes the hoisting machine around which the main rope hanging the car is wound. . The emergency stop device forcibly stops the car when the speed of the car exceeds the braking speed and exceeds the emergency stop speed (for example, 1.4 times the rated speed) despite the hoisting machine braking. is there. The shock absorber stops the car with a deceleration characteristic that ensures the safety of passengers even when the car enters the pit.

かごの上昇速度が所定の設定速度を超えた場合には、昇降路上部とかごとの衝突を防止するために、最上階に停止した時のかごの頂部と昇降路天井部との間に十分な緩衝領域（オーバーヘッド寸法）を確保している。最近では、かごの移動と共に回転する回転体と、この回転体の回転量から昇降路内におけるかごの位置を検出する検出手段とを設け、かごの位置に応じて異常速度検出レベルを変化させ、異常速度検出レベルを超えた時に安全装置を作動させることも提案されている。（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   If the car ascending speed exceeds the set speed, it will be sufficient between the top of the car and the hoistway ceiling when stopped on the top floor to prevent collision with the upper part of the hoistway and the car. A buffer area (overhead size) is secured. Recently, a rotating body that rotates with the movement of the car and a detecting means for detecting the position of the car in the hoistway from the amount of rotation of the rotating body are provided, the abnormal speed detection level is changed according to the position of the car, It has also been proposed to activate a safety device when an abnormal speed detection level is exceeded. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

特開２００３−１０４６４６号公報JP 2003-104646 A

従来のエレベーター装置は、上述のように、かご速度のみを監視しているため、エレベーターが正常に走行していたとしても、かごがいたずら等により揺すられた場合においては、かご速度が瞬間的に異常速度検出レベルを超過し、安全装置が作動してしまうという問題点があった。   Since the conventional elevator apparatus monitors only the car speed as described above, even if the elevator is running normally, if the car is shaken due to mischief, etc., the car speed is instantaneous. There was a problem that the abnormal speed detection level was exceeded and the safety device would operate.

この発明は上記のような問題点を解消するためになされたものであり、かご揺すり等による誤動作を防止しながら、エレベーターの制御異常によるかごの異常速度を効果的に検出することができるエレベーター装置の異常検出装置を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can efficiently detect an abnormal speed of a car due to an elevator control abnormality while preventing malfunction due to car shaking or the like. An object of the present invention is to provide an abnormality detection apparatus.

この発明に係るエレベーター装置の異常検出装置は、永久磁石式同期電動機を用いた巻上機を適用したエレベーター装置において、エレベーター昇降路の上下の両端からかごまでの距離を検出する位置検出装置と、上記同期電動機の電流を検出する電流検出装置と、上記電流検出装置により検出した同期電動機電流の周波数を算出するモータ電気速度検出器と、上記昇降路におけるかごの位置に応じて異常速度検出レベルを変える設定手段とを備え、上記モータ電気速度検出器の出力が上記異常速度検出レベルを超えた時に安全装置を作動させるようにしたものである。   An abnormality detection device for an elevator apparatus according to the present invention is an elevator apparatus using a hoisting machine using a permanent magnet type synchronous motor.In the elevator apparatus, a position detection apparatus that detects the distance from the upper and lower ends of the elevator hoistway to the car; A current detection device for detecting the current of the synchronous motor, a motor electric speed detector for calculating the frequency of the synchronous motor current detected by the current detection device, and an abnormal speed detection level according to the position of the car in the hoistway. Setting means for changing, and the safety device is activated when the output of the motor electric speed detector exceeds the abnormal speed detection level.

この発明に係るエレベーター装置の異常検出装置は上記のように構成されているため、かご揺すり等の外乱の影響をなくして、エレベーター装置の異常を効果的に検出することができる。   Since the abnormality detection device for an elevator apparatus according to the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to effectively detect an abnormality in the elevator apparatus without the influence of disturbance such as car shaking.

実施の形態１．
以下、この発明の実施の形態１を図にもとづいて説明する。図１は、実施の形態１によるエレベーター装置の異常検出装置の構成を示す概略図である。この図に示すように、巻上機１に巻き掛けられた主索２の一端にかご３が取り付けられ、他端に錘４が取り付けられている。 Embodiment 1 FIG.
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of an abnormality detection device for an elevator apparatus according to Embodiment 1. FIG. As shown in this figure, a car 3 is attached to one end of a main rope 2 wound around a hoisting machine 1, and a weight 4 is attached to the other end.

また、巻上機１と一体に永久磁石式同期電動機５が設けられ、この同期電動機５にエンコーダ６が取り付けられている。一方、昇降路（図示せず）の上部に設置されて回転する調速器７と、昇降路の下部に設置された張り車８との間にロープ９が張架され、このロープ９がかご３と共に上下方向に移動し得るようにされているため、調速器７はかご３の移動に応じて回転し得るようにされている。   A permanent magnet type synchronous motor 5 is provided integrally with the hoisting machine 1, and an encoder 6 is attached to the synchronous motor 5. On the other hand, a rope 9 is stretched between a speed governor 7 installed at the upper part of a hoistway (not shown) and rotating, and a tension wheel 8 installed at the lower part of the hoistway. 3, the speed governor 7 can be rotated according to the movement of the car 3.

また、調速器７には調速器７の回転と共に回転するようにされたアブソリュートエンコーダ１０が取り付けられている。１１はエレベーター制御装置で、エンコーダ６及び同期電動機５の電流検出器１２の出力により永久磁石式同期電動機５を制御するようにされている。１３はエレベーター制御用電流検出器１２とは別に設けられたモータ電流検出器１４とアブソリュートエンコーダ１０の出力にもとづいてエレベーター制御装置１１の異常を検出する異常検出装置である。   The speed governor 7 is attached with an absolute encoder 10 that rotates with the rotation of the speed governor 7. Reference numeral 11 denotes an elevator control device which controls the permanent magnet type synchronous motor 5 by the outputs of the encoder 6 and the current detector 12 of the synchronous motor 5. Reference numeral 13 denotes an abnormality detection device that detects an abnormality of the elevator control device 11 based on the output of the motor current detector 14 and the absolute encoder 10 provided separately from the elevator control current detector 12.

次に、実施の形態１の動作について説明する。
調速器７に取り付けられたアブソリュートエンコーダ１０によって、昇降路内のかごの位置が連続的に検出される。検出されたかごの位置は異常検出装置１３に送られ、異常検出装置１３はかごの位置に対応した異常速度検出レベルを設定する。 Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.
The absolute encoder 10 attached to the speed governor 7 continuously detects the position of the car in the hoistway. The detected position of the car is sent to the abnormality detecting device 13, and the abnormality detecting device 13 sets an abnormal speed detection level corresponding to the position of the car.

図２は、かご３の位置及び走行速度と異常速度検出レベル等との関係を示す図で、横軸はかご位置を示し、縦軸は速度を示す。図中、ａはかごの走行速度を示し、ｂは異常速度検出レベルを示す。また、Voはかごの定格速度、Vosは調速器７が動作する制動速度を示し、VＴＲは非常停止速度をそれぞれ示す。 FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the position and traveling speed of the car 3 and the abnormal speed detection level, and the horizontal axis indicates the car position, and the vertical axis indicates the speed. In the figure, a indicates the traveling speed of the car, and b indicates the abnormal speed detection level. Vo represents the rated speed of the car, Vos represents the braking speed at which the governor 7 operates, and VTR represents the emergency stop speed.

異常速度検出レベルｂは図示のように、終端階では低くなるように設定され、速度異常発生時に非常停止した場合の昇降路下部に設けられた緩衝装置（図示せず）へのかご３または錘４の衝突速度を制限し、緩衝装置の適用速度やオーバーヘッドを小さくすることに効果があるようにされている。   As shown in the figure, the abnormal speed detection level b is set to be low at the terminal floor, and the car 3 or the weight to the shock absorber (not shown) provided in the lower part of the hoistway when an emergency stop occurs when the speed abnormality occurs. 4 is effective in limiting the impact speed and overhead of the shock absorber.

永久磁石式同期電動機では、正常に制御されている場合は、同期電動機の回転周波数は通電される電流の周波数に比例する。従って、高価なエンコーダを用いなくても電流の周波数を計測することにより同期電動機の回転周波数を計測することが可能である。   In a permanent magnet type synchronous motor, when normally controlled, the rotational frequency of the synchronous motor is proportional to the frequency of the energized current. Therefore, the rotational frequency of the synchronous motor can be measured by measuring the current frequency without using an expensive encoder.

エレベーターの速度指令が異常となり、エレベーターが減速出来なくなった場合は、電動機の速度、かごの速度の両方が図２に示す異常速度検出レベルｂを超過するため、異常検出装置１３はアブソリュートエンコーダ１０から算出されるかご速度及び電流検出器１４から算出される電動機速度から異常を検出し、それらが調速器動作速度Vosを超えたとき、エレベーター制御装置１１を停止させる。   When the elevator speed command becomes abnormal and the elevator cannot decelerate, both the motor speed and the car speed exceed the abnormal speed detection level b shown in FIG. When an abnormality is detected from the calculated car speed and the motor speed calculated from the current detector 14, and they exceed the governor operating speed Vos, the elevator controller 11 is stopped.

かご３内でいたずら等によりかご３が揺すられ、かご３の速度が異常速度検出レベルｂを超過するような場合においては、かご３のみが揺すられ、同期電動機５は異常速度にはならないので、異常検出装置１３は速度異常を誤検出することはない。   When the car 3 is shaken by mischief or the like in the car 3 and the speed of the car 3 exceeds the abnormal speed detection level b, only the car 3 is shaken, and the synchronous motor 5 does not become an abnormal speed. The abnormality detection device 13 does not erroneously detect a speed abnormality.

脱調等により同期電動機５の制御が異常となった場合は、同期電動機５の電流波形が図３（ａ）に示す正常時の波形に対して図３（ｂ）に示すように、発振状態となり、電動機電流の周波数が上昇するため、異常検出装置１３が算出する電動機速度も同様に異常速度検出レベルｂを超える結果、確実に異常を検出することができる。   When the control of the synchronous motor 5 becomes abnormal due to step-out or the like, the current waveform of the synchronous motor 5 oscillates as shown in FIG. 3B with respect to the normal waveform shown in FIG. Thus, since the frequency of the motor current increases, the motor speed calculated by the abnormality detection device 13 similarly exceeds the abnormal speed detection level b, so that the abnormality can be reliably detected.

また、同期電動機５への通電が停止し、かご３が自由落下するような場合は、電流が０で、かごの速度が異常となるため、この状態を異常検出条件とすることにより確実に異常を検出することができる。   In addition, when the energization to the synchronous motor 5 is stopped and the car 3 falls freely, the current is 0 and the speed of the car becomes abnormal. Can be detected.

更にまた、図４に示すように、同期電動機５の走行速度曲線ａの上下に所定の幅を設定して図中にハッチングで示すような正常速度範囲を設定し、同期電動機速度がその範囲を超え、且つかごの速度が異常速度検出レベルｂを超えた場合に異常と判定するようにしても同様の効果が得られる。   Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, a predetermined width is set above and below the traveling speed curve a of the synchronous motor 5 to set a normal speed range as indicated by hatching in the figure, and the synchronous motor speed is within that range. The same effect can be obtained by determining that the vehicle is abnormal when the car speed exceeds the abnormal speed detection level b.

この発明の実施の形態１によるエレベーター装置の異常検出装置の構成を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the structure of the abnormality detection apparatus of the elevator apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. かごの位置と異常速度検出レベルとの関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between the position of a cage | basket | car, and abnormal speed detection level. 同期電動機電流波形を示す図で、（ａ）は正常時、（ｂ）は異常時の波形を示す。It is a figure which shows a synchronous motor electric current waveform, (a) shows the waveform at the time of normal, (b) shows the waveform at the time of abnormality. 図２に示す異常速度検出レベルの別の形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows another form of the abnormal speed detection level shown in FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 巻上機、 ３ かご、 ５ 永久磁石式同期電動機、 ７ 調速器、
１０ アブソリュートエンコーダ、 １１ エレベーター制御装置、
１３ 異常検出装置、 １４ 電流検出器。 1 hoisting machine, 3 cages, 5 permanent magnet type synchronous motor, 7 speed governor,
10 absolute encoder, 11 elevator control device,
13 Anomaly detector, 14 Current detector.

Claims (5)

永久磁石式同期電動機を用いた巻上機を適用したエレベーター装置において、エレベーター昇降路の上下の両端からかごまでの距離を検出する位置検出装置と、上記同期電動機の電流を検出する電流検出装置と、上記電流検出装置により検出した同期電動機電流の周波数を算出するモータ電気速度検出器と、上記昇降路におけるかごの位置に応じて異常速度検出レベルを変える設定手段とを備え、上記モータ電気速度検出器の出力が上記異常速度検出レベルを超えた時に安全装置を作動させることを特徴とするエレベーター装置の異常検出装置。   In an elevator apparatus using a hoisting machine using a permanent magnet type synchronous motor, a position detection device that detects the distance from the upper and lower ends of the elevator hoistway to the car, and a current detection device that detects the current of the synchronous motor, A motor electric speed detector for calculating the frequency of the synchronous motor current detected by the current detection device, and a setting means for changing the abnormal speed detection level according to the position of the car in the hoistway. An abnormality detection device for an elevator apparatus, wherein a safety device is activated when the output of the machine exceeds the abnormal speed detection level. 永久磁石式同期電動機を用いた巻上機を適用したエレベーター装置において、エレベーター昇降路の上下の両端からかごまでの距離を検出する位置検出装置と、上記かごの速度を検出する速度検出装置と、上記同期電動機の電流を検出する電流検出装置と、上記電流検出装置により検出した同期電動機電流の周波数を算出するモータ電気速度検出器と、上記昇降路におけるかごの位置に応じて異常速度検出レベルを変える設定手段とを備え、上記かごの速度検出装置の出力及び上記モータ電気速度検出器の出力が上記異常速度検出レベルを超えた時に安全装置を作動させることを特徴とするエレベーター装置の異常検出装置。   In an elevator apparatus using a hoisting machine using a permanent magnet type synchronous motor, a position detection device that detects the distance from the upper and lower ends of the elevator hoistway to the car, a speed detection device that detects the speed of the car, A current detection device for detecting the current of the synchronous motor, a motor electric speed detector for calculating the frequency of the synchronous motor current detected by the current detection device, and an abnormal speed detection level according to the position of the car in the hoistway. An abnormality detecting device for an elevator apparatus, wherein a safety device is activated when the output of the car speed detecting device and the output of the motor electric speed detector exceed the abnormal speed detecting level. . 永久磁石式同期電動機を用いた巻上機を適用したエレベーター装置において、エレベーター昇降路の上下の両端からかごまでの距離を検出する位置検出装置と、上記かごの速度を検出する速度検出装置と、上記同期電動機の電流を検出する電流検出装置と、上記電流検出装置により検出した同期電動機電流の周波数を算出するモータ電気速度検出器と、上記昇降路におけるかごの位置に応じて異常速度検出レベルを変える設定手段とを備え、上記かごの速度検出装置の出力が上記異常速度検出レベルを超え、且つ上記モータ電気速度検出器の出力が０の時に安全装置を作動させることを特徴とするエレベーター装置の異常検出装置。   In an elevator apparatus using a hoisting machine using a permanent magnet type synchronous motor, a position detection device that detects the distance from the upper and lower ends of the elevator hoistway to the car, a speed detection device that detects the speed of the car, A current detection device for detecting the current of the synchronous motor, a motor electric speed detector for calculating the frequency of the synchronous motor current detected by the current detection device, and an abnormal speed detection level according to the position of the car in the hoistway. An elevator device characterized in that the safety device is operated when the output of the car speed detector exceeds the abnormal speed detection level and the output of the motor electric speed detector is 0. Anomaly detection device. 永久磁石式同期電動機を用いた巻上機を適用したエレベーター装置において、エレベーター昇降路の上下の両端からかごまでの距離を検出する位置検出装置と、上記かごの速度を検出する速度検出装置と、上記同期電動機の電流を検出する電流検出装置と、上記電流検出装置により検出した同期電動機電流の周波数を算出するモータ電気速度検出器と、上記昇降路におけるかごの位置に応じて異常速度検出レベルを変えると共に、上記同期電動機の正常速度範囲を設定する設定手段とを備え、上記かごの速度検出装置の出力が上記異常速度検出レベルを超え、且つ上記モータ電気速度検出器の出力が上記正常速度範囲外となった時に安全装置を作動させることを特徴とするエレベーター装置の異常検出装置。   In an elevator apparatus using a hoisting machine using a permanent magnet type synchronous motor, a position detection device that detects the distance from the upper and lower ends of the elevator hoistway to the car, a speed detection device that detects the speed of the car, A current detection device for detecting the current of the synchronous motor, a motor electric speed detector for calculating the frequency of the synchronous motor current detected by the current detection device, and an abnormal speed detection level according to the position of the car in the hoistway. And setting means for setting a normal speed range of the synchronous motor, the output of the car speed detection device exceeds the abnormal speed detection level, and the output of the motor electric speed detector is the normal speed range. An abnormality detection device for an elevator device, wherein a safety device is activated when the vehicle goes outside. 上記電流検出装置、モータ電気速度検出器及びかごの速度検出装置はエレベーターの制御装置とは独立して設置されることを特徴とする請求項１〜請求項４のいずれか１項記載のエレベーター装置の異常検出装置。   The elevator apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the current detection device, the motor electrical speed detector, and the car speed detection device are installed independently of an elevator control device. Anomaly detection device.
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