JP2006291662A - House - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a house capable of offering convenient dwelling over a long period of time by creating the optimum indoor environment suited to all seasons with the minimum air conditioning load and an excellent energy efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: A house 1 has a double skin space 4 built with an outer skin 2 equipped with ventilating windows 21 and 22 installed to an exterior wall as well as an inner skin 3 built along at least to one peripheral line in adjacent to the main living space and behind the outer skin 2 with a space made permitting the traffic of the resident between the outer skin 2 and the inner skin 3. At a location separated from the double skin space 4, a staircase 7 continuous from the lowest floor to the highest floor with an opening 72 to the outside at the highest floor is provided thereby permitting to take in fresh air from the ventilating windows 21 and 22 in the outer skin 2, circulate air through the living space inside the inner skin 3 and the staircase 7, and exhaust the air to the outside from the opening 72 at the top of the staircase 7. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a house with enhanced comfort as a living space while suppressing environmental burden.

  Conventionally, in a low-rise building such as a detached house, it has been common to open a window of a living room according to the weather or indoor and outdoor temperature, and perform ventilation and ventilation as appropriate. However, in recent years, in order to realize a highly airtight and highly insulated house, there is a tendency to enhance the hermeticity of the house and to make the indoor environment comfortable by using highly efficient air conditioning equipment.

  On the other hand, in high-rise buildings such as office buildings and commercial buildings, for the purpose of reducing the air conditioning load of the building, a closed space is formed with a double skin of the outer wall and windows, and this sealed space is used. Therefore, a mechanism has been proposed that can block the outdoors and indoors, improve heat insulation and sound insulation, and reduce the air conditioning load in the perimeter zone.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a building outer peripheral structure including an outdoor side window disposed on the outer peripheral surface of a building and an indoor side window disposed opposite to the inside of the outdoor side window with an air layer interposed therebetween. Are listed. The indoor side window is formed of highly heat insulating double glazing, and the indoor side window is adapted to reflect long-wavelength thermal radiation energy while incorporating short-wavelength solar energy into the room. In addition, a catwalk is provided as an inspection scaffold between the outdoor side window and the indoor side window.

By adopting a double skin structure on the outer peripheral surface of such a building, the air layer formed between the outdoor side window and the indoor side window acts as a heat insulating layer, and the outside of the indoor side window is kept warm in the winter. In addition to reducing the load, it is expected to moderate the rise in indoor temperature by reducing intense solar radiation reaching the indoor window in the summer.
JP 2001-253734 A

  As described above, in a building such as a house, due to high airtightness and high thermal insulation, seasonal changes and temperature changes which can be originally felt have been eliminated. For this reason, while various highly functional air conditioning facilities have been developed, there has been an increasing demand for indoor air conditioning in a more natural form.

  However, in urban areas where houses are densely populated, buildings are often close to neighboring doors and public roads, and even with natural ventilation and ventilation, simply opening the windows does not allow for satisfactory ventilation. Since it was not preferable from the viewpoint of crime prevention, there was a current situation that it was still necessary to rely on air conditioning equipment.

  In addition, the double skin structure on the outer peripheral surface of a high-rise building as described above prevents the outdoor side window from being opened and closed, and the space between the outdoor side window and the indoor side window can be used during window cleaning operations and maintenance inspections. It is a maintenance space that can be used by entering and exiting from the room during work, and does not have the comfort of daily use. Therefore, this type of double skin structure is unsuitable for homes, and it has been difficult to apply to homes in terms of cost, so no rational measure has been proposed.

  Therefore, in the house, the entire house is efficiently planned so that the double skin space can be actively used while suppressing the environmental load at a low cost, enabling indoor air conditioning in a more natural form, It was required to improve the comfort of living space.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and not only artificially creates an indoor environment with a large-scale air conditioner, but also reduces the air conditioning load as much as possible by optimizing the indoor environment according to the season. However, it is to provide a house that can be created, has excellent energy efficiency, and can live comfortably over a long period of time.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, the house according to the present invention has an outer skin provided with an openable and closable ventilation window on the outdoor side, and the extent to which a person can be allowed to travel on the indoor side of the outer skin. A double skin space is provided along at least one surface of the outer periphery of the building with an inner skin arranged at a distance of, and the roof is penetrated from the lowest floor to the roof floor at a position separated from the double skin space. A staircase is provided with an opening that can be opened and closed facing the floor, and the outside air that has flowed in through the ventilation window of the outer skin is sent to the staircase through the inner skin of the inner skin, and from the opening at the top of the staircase It can be exhausted to the outside.

  According to this configuration, the warm air in the house rises and flows out due to the chimney effect produced by the staircase, and the outside air flows into the double skin space due to the negative pressure. Therefore, the outside air flowing in from the ventilation window of the outer skin circulates in the house through the opened inner skin, is sent to the staircase, and can be exhausted to the outside from the opening at the top of the staircase. By forming such a natural air flow in the house, it is possible to create a comfortable indoor environment without relying too much on the air conditioning equipment.

  Moreover, since the double skin space can be made to function as a heat insulation layer by the said structure, it can bring about a heat retention effect in winter and can play the role of a thermal buffer zone in summer. In other words, the double skin space can be warmed by solar radiation in the winter, so that the indoor heating load can be reduced.In the summer, the double skin space can be insulated to moderate the temperature rise in the room and reduce the cooling load. ing.

  In the house having the above-described structure, the vent skin of the outer skin is preferably provided at least at the upper part and the lower part of the outer skin. In this way, depending on the season, the outer skin can be used by taking in outside air from the lower ventilation window and discharging it from the upper ventilation window, enabling efficient ventilation into the room, as well as appropriate lighting and It can prevent clouding of solar heat.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the top surface portion of the double skin space is a top skin provided with a ventilation window that enables lighting and ventilation to the double skin space. Thereby, the lighting in the double skin space is facilitated, the comfortability is improved, and exhaust and heat dissipation from the double skin space can be effectively performed.

  Furthermore, the floor surface that divides the upper floor and lower floor in the double skin space is a deck, allowing ventilation on both the upper and lower floors and lighting from the upper floor to the lower floor. It is possible to circulate without causing the airflow generated in the air to stay, and effective daylighting becomes possible, so that a more comfortable indoor environment can be formed.

  Further, in the above configuration, by providing a blind on the indoor side of the outer skin, it is possible to efficiently shield the solar radiation in the room according to the climate, and a high heat insulating effect can be obtained. It can greatly contribute to mitigation.

  According to the house of the present invention configured as described above, since a natural airflow can be formed in the house, a comfortable indoor environment can be provided without using an air conditioner during a relatively mild climate. Can be created. Also, in summer and winter, the double skin space functions as a heat insulation layer, so that the air conditioning efficiency can be increased and the air conditioning load can be reduced on the indoor side of the inner skin.

  In addition, the double skin space in the house of the present invention is a living space where people can come and go on a daily basis, unlike a double skin structure in a conventional high-rise building, and can function as a living room. It can be used effectively by bringing some kind of marginal elements, and the outer skin, inner skin, top skin, etc. can be changed appropriately according to the seasonal climate and indoor / outdoor temperature environment. Therefore, it is possible to create a comfortable indoor environment with reduced air conditioning load.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the house according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a house according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the structure of the house, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view schematically showing the house.

  In the following description, the case where the configuration of the present invention is applied to, for example, a two-story house built in an urban area where buildings are densely described will be described. In the illustrated house 1, a double skin space 4 is provided on at least one surface of the outer periphery of the building over the upper and lower floors.

  In the double skin space 4, an outer skin 2 is disposed on the outdoor side, and an inner skin 3 is disposed at a predetermined interval on the indoor side of the outer skin 2. The outer skin 2 is partitioned by the outer skin 2 and the inner skin 3. It is a living room.

  The outer skin 2 is configured by, for example, glass such as laminated glass, single plate glass, or special glass having polarization / dimming function by charging being fitted into a sash, and at least two protruding windows at the upper and lower portions Ventilation windows 21 and 22 having an opening / closing type such as the above are provided.

  Moreover, the inner skin 3 is a joinery constructed by, for example, plain glass, double-glazed glass, Low-E double-glazed glass, and the like, and a living room 6 and a double skin space 4 arranged on the indoor side are provided. Each partition is built in a retractable or retractable manner, such as a retractable or swing door type.

  Further, a top skin 5 having a gradient is provided on the top surface portion of the double skin space 4 defined by the outer skin 2 and the inner skin 3. The top skin 5 can be daylighted into the double skin space 4, for example, a special glass having a dimming function by heat or a glass such as a heat ray absorbing glass is fitted in a sash, or the top skin 5 is transparent to these. An optical solar panel is provided. The top skin 5 is also provided with a ventilation window 51 having an opening / closing type such as a protruding window on the water side, and allows ventilation to the double skin space 4.

  As described above, the louver is arranged on the outdoor side of the outer skin 2 depending on the case where the house 1 is built in an urban area where the buildings are densely spaced and the distance from the neighboring buildings is not sufficient or the direction in which the outer skin 2 faces. It is preferable to arrange the blind 23 on the indoor side of the outer skin 2. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a blind 23 is provided on the indoor side of the outer skin 2, thereby making it easy to capture solar heat into the double skin space 4 while preventing strong solar radiation and blocking the line of sight from the vicinity. As the blind 23, it is desirable to be able to wind upward and adjust the light shielding angle as appropriate.

  In the double skin space 4 having such a configuration, a deck 41 is employed on the floor surface that divides the first floor and the second floor. By arranging the deck 41, the ventilation from the second floor to the first floor or the first floor to the second floor and the sunlight brought to the double skin space 4 through the top skin 5 are transmitted from the second floor to the first floor. The lighting on the first floor can be made possible. Moreover, by using the deck surface of the skin space 4 as the deck 41, it is possible to feel the signs of the residents of the house 1 on both the upper and lower floors and to communicate with each other.

  Here, the double skin space 4 can function sufficiently as a living room by setting the distance between the outer skin 2 and the inner skin 3 to a distance that allows people to come and go. As a result, it is possible to provide the double skin space 4 with a function as an “edge” that has recently become difficult to provide in a house due to the denseness of houses and the deterioration of security. Specifically, by setting the distance between the outer skin 2 and the inner skin 3 to about 1.5 to 2 m, an edge-side element is brought into the double skin space 4, and a semi-outdoor space with the inflow of outside air is created. It becomes a comfortable living room where you can spend while grasping the outdoor weather through the outer skin 2 and the top skin 5 and feeling the change of the seasons.

  The house 1 is provided with a staircase 7 at a position separated from the double skin space 4. The staircase 7 is provided so as to penetrate from the first floor to the rooftop floor, and is arranged in the vicinity of the opposite side of the outer wall surface where the double skin space 4 is provided in the illustrated embodiment. The uppermost part of the staircase 7 is a tower 71 on the roof floor, and has an opening 72 that can be opened and closed facing the roof floor. Further, the roof surface is a flat roof and can be used as the rooftop 8.

  An exhaust fan 73 for urging the air in the staircase 7 to the outside is installed on the ceiling of the tower 71 that is the top of the staircase 7. Further, by providing a slope on the roof surface of the tower 71, the airflow generated in the staircase 7 can be easily exhausted from the opening 72.

  Further, the chimney effect generated by the staircase 7 raises and flows out the warm air in the house 1, and the negative pressure causes the outside air to flow into the living room 6 and the double skin space 4. Accordingly, the outside air introduced from the ventilation windows 21 and 22 of the outer skin 2 is sent to the living room 6 through the opened inner skin 3, passes through the living room 6, rises up the staircase room 7, and the upper part of the staircase room 7. The air can be exhausted to the outside through the opening. And by forming such a natural air flow in the house 1, it becomes possible to create a comfortable indoor environment without relying too much on the air conditioner.

  In other words, in spring and autumn when the weather is relatively good, the inner skin 3 that partitions the double skin space 4 and the living room 6 is opened, and outside air is taken into the living room 6 from the upper and lower ventilation windows 21 and 22 of the outer skin 2. The indoor air is circulated from the upper part of the staircase 7 by circulating the appropriate temperature outside air in the house 1, thereby making the room temperature comfortable, and a comfortable wind is obtained in the living room 6 by the natural airflow formed. Even without using, it is possible to provide a comfortable indoor environment.

  Further, the double skin space 4 functions as a heat insulating layer between the outside skin 2 and the outside skin 2 when the ventilation windows 21 and 22 of the outer skin 2 are closed and the living room 6 is closed by the inner skin 3. Can alleviate the influence of cold outside air on the living room 6 and prevent the temperature in the living room 6 from decreasing. On the day when solar radiation is obtained even in winter, the heating load can be reduced by taking the air warmed in the double skin space 4 into the living room 6 by opening the inner skin 3. The living room 1 can remarkably improve the heating efficiency of the living room 6 by these utilization forms.

  On the other hand, in the summer, the double skin space 4 becomes a heat insulating layer, and air introduced from, for example, the ventilation window 22 at the lower part of the outer skin 2 is lifted in the double skin space 4 to By discharging from the ventilation window 21 or the ventilation window 51 of the top skin 5, an increase in the room temperature can be suppressed.

  Furthermore, it is possible to create a more comfortable indoor environment and reduce the air-conditioning load by appropriately changing the opening form of the outer skin 2, the inner skin 3, and the top skin 5 between daytime and nighttime throughout the season. Become.

  In addition, the double skin space 4 which consists of the said structure is not only provided in the one surface of the building outer peripheral part of the house 1, but it provides in two or more surfaces of the house 1, and forms a natural airflow more efficiently, and indoor environment You may make it comfortable.

  With the construction of the house 1 as described above, the indoor space can be managed at a comfortable temperature without using a large-scale air conditioning system, enabling indoor air conditioning in a more natural form and energy efficiency. It is possible to provide a house that can be comfortably lived over a long period of time.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used as a house in consideration of the natural environment that can greatly reduce the air conditioning load and can live comfortably over a long period of time.

It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the house which concerns on this invention. It is the section perspective view showing typically the house concerning the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Housing 2 Outer skin 21, 22 Ventilation window 3 Inner skin 4 Double skin space 5 Top skin 51 Ventilation window 6 Living room 7 Staircase 72 Opening 73 Exhaust fan

Claims (5)

The outer periphery of the building is provided with an outer skin that is provided outside and is provided with a ventilating window that can be opened and closed, and an inner skin that is disposed on the indoor side of the outer skin with a space that allows human traffic. While providing a double skin space along at least one side of the part,
In a position away from this double skin space, a staircase with an opening that opens from the lowest floor to the rooftop and faces the rooftop is provided,
The house characterized in that the outside air flowing in from the ventilation window of the outer skin can be sent to the staircase through the inner skin of the inner skin and exhausted to the outside through the opening at the top of the staircase.   The house according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation window of the outer skin is provided at least at an upper part and a lower part of the outer skin.   3. The house according to claim 1, wherein the top surface portion of the double skin space is a top skin provided with a ventilation window that enables daylighting and ventilation to the double skin space.   The floor surface that divides the upper floor and the lower floor in the double skin space is a deck, and allows ventilation on both the upper and lower floors and lighting from the upper floor to the lower floor. A house listed in any one.   The house according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a blind is provided on the indoor side of the outer skin.

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