JP2006289362A - Apparatus for mechanically processing dried material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently process various materials having different characteristics without waste. <P>SOLUTION: An apparatus 1 is for mechanically processing materials 7 in a dry state, and a plurality of rollers 3 and at least one diffuser or contrast element 4 for the plurality of rollers are provided inside a casing 2. The casing has at least one input section 5 and output sections 6a and 6b. The rollers 3a and 3b are arranged around the diffuser or contrast element so as to define, for each roller, a gap d between the diffuser or contrast element and the roller, and the diffuser or contrast element is made to be freely rotatable with respect to the plurality of rollers or at least one roller or all of the plurality of rollers are made to be freely rotatable with respect to the diffuser or contrast element. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  In the present invention, at least one rotor and one diffuser that is functionally linked to the rotor perform mechanical action such as compression, extension, or shear on the organic material to be treated via impact. For example, but not exclusively, to a device for mechanically treating organic materials. This device is particularly applicable to the extraction of matrices containing active ingredients, for example derived from organic substances of plant origin in the dry state.

  The terms “dry substance” or “dry substance” are substantially moisture-free and are mechanically treated by compression, stretching, or shearing in a purposely designed device, and then differ It shall mean an organic or inorganic substance that obtains a matrix containing the components and makes it possible to classify them.

  The material to be treated is compressed, stretched, or sheared to crush, pulverize, or pulverize, for example, to reduce the starting material to elemental fibers and to extract the matrix containing the desired component, and to dehydrate Numerous devices are known that mechanically process organic or inorganic materials in the state.

  The mechanical treatment of the starting material is followed by further categorization of the mechanically treated material and, optionally, chemical or heat treatment.

  Patent Document 1 filed in the name of Rohlinger is a pulverizer capable of pulverizing any kind of substance in which a cylindrical rotor with radiating blades is installed in a casing functioning as a reaction element for its action. Teaches how to get the machine. The casing has a charging portion for charging the starting material, which is shaped to allow the starting material to flow in at a position corresponding to the axis of the rotor.

  U.S. Patent No. 6,057,096 filed in the name of Ronning describes a mechanical fractionation device for dry organic substances. In this device, a cylindrical rotor with radiating blades operates in a casing having an inlet for introducing the starting material, installed so that the starting material can flow radially into the rotor.

  U.S. Patent No. 6,057,096, filed in the name of Hesch, relates to a device for disrupting materials and compounds comprising fibers. The device has a casing provided with a rotor with radiation vanes adapted to define a cavity for receiving the substance to be treated.

  U.S. Pat. No. 6,057,096, filed in the name of Gruenewald, relates to an apparatus for mechanically treating fiber materials. In this device, two counter-rotating rollers sandwich and compress material flowing in a direction perpendicular to its axis in a purpose-designed casing.

Patent document 5 filed in the name of Schilling describes an organic material destruction device.
In this device, the rotor is parallel to its axis and has a number of arms that have scored sides and rotate within the circular stator. The stator is provided with a notched inner surface facing the side surface of the arm with a certain gap between the stator and the arm.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,886,254 US Pat. No. 5,421,528 US Pat. No. 6,435,433 U.S. Pat. No. 4,589,923 US Pat. No. 6,661,862

  None of the conventional devices outlined above are perfect, and have considerable drawbacks and disadvantages.

  First, conventional devices lack considerable flexibility in use, are only suitable for certain starting materials, and are hardly applicable to materials that have physical properties that differ from the materials for which the device is intended.

  Furthermore, conventional devices are completely unsuitable for generating a categorizable matrix from the starting material, ie a matrix of product from which various components of the soot obtained after processing can be successfully separated or separated.

  In addition, when conventional devices are used for extraction of matrices containing active ingredients of the type available from the dry organic substances, for example in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic or food sector, from the matrices obtained from these devices. Does not provide a high purity active ingredient, and the active ingredient contained in the matrix lacks stability, and when a conventional apparatus is used to obtain a matrix containing the active ingredient, a large amount of starting material is required. Was found to be useless.

  Accordingly, a first object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for mechanically treating a material, preferably an organic material in a dry state, without the disadvantages of the prior art.

  Therefore, the purpose of the apparatus according to the present invention is to mechanically remove substances such as dried organic matter, which can easily classify the matrix of substances obtained after processing and avoid the generation of a large amount of manufacturing waste. There is to process.

  A second object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus which can start with a dry organic material and obtain a matrix having a high percentage of active ingredients while maintaining high stability and purity.

  It is a third object of the present invention to provide a dry matter processing apparatus that is highly suitable for different matrices intended for processing.

    The above and other objects of the invention are achieved by the apparatus described in the claims.

  According to the apparatus of the present invention, unlike a conventional purpose-oriented apparatus, a matrix containing a high percentage of active ingredients that can easily and efficiently treat substances having various characteristics and that has high stability and purity. And waste of matrix can be avoided.

  The apparatus for mechanically processing a dry substance according to the present invention comprises a casing equipped with a dry substance input part and a discharge part. Within the casing are preferably a plurality of rollers having axes parallel to each other and at least one diffuser or reaction element for the plurality of rollers. The rollers are disposed around the diffuser or reaction element so as to define a constant or variable gap between the diffuser or reaction element and the side of each roller.

  Further, the apparatus of the present invention is a means for rotatably installing the diffuser or reaction element with respect to the plurality of rollers, or at least one roller or all of the plurality of rollers is rotatably installed with respect to the diffuser or reaction element. Means to do.

  When the roller is pivotably arranged around the diffuser or reaction element, the dry starting material is optimally varied in different ways during the relative rotation of the diffuser element relative to the roller or relative rotation of the roller relative to the diffuser element. It has been found that the dry starting material can be given mechanical action that has biochemical properties and can disintegrate into a matrix containing the desired components from the starting material.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, by making the rollers detachable and therefore replaceable, the user can use rollers having different configuration shapes or surface roughness, and each roller and diffuser or reaction element can be used. The gap between can be changed. Moreover, a diffuser or a reaction element can be detachably loaded in the casing.

  In this way, the device according to the invention can be made easily usable for starting materials having different physical, geometrical or biochemical properties.

  According to another aspect of the invention, the diffuser or reaction element comprises a cylindrical portion having an axis parallel to the roller axis and a side surface at least partially opposite the side surface of the roller itself when the roller axes are parallel to each other. The roller may have at least one outer surface portion having surface characteristics different from the remaining portion of the side surface. In particular, as the roller side surface portion, a side surface region extending over the entire length of the roller can be considered.

  The apparatus can also be provided with means for blocking the at least one roller having the different surface portions at a certain angle with respect to the diffuser or reaction element.

  In this way, the user can rotate the roller around its axis and fix it at a desired angular position so that the surface with the roller having a suitable shape and surface characteristics can be faced with the diffuser or the reaction element. By doing so, the conditions of the mechanical action imparted to the starting material can be changed.

  In a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the starting material input of the casing is shaped so that the starting material can be introduced into the device in the same direction as the axis of the diffuser or reaction element.

  According to yet another aspect of the present invention, the apparatus further includes one or more members, such as a cyclone separator or a filter, that are downstream of the casing dispensing portion and that classify the treated material. I have.

  Next, preferred embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  As shown in the drawing, a mechanical processing apparatus 1 for processing a starting material 7 in a dry state has a charging part 5 for charging the starting material 7 at the top and two discharge parts 6a and 6b at the bottom. A casing 2 is provided.

  Housed within the casing 2 are a diffuser or reaction element 4 for the starting material 7 and a plurality of rollers 3. The plurality of rollers 3 includes a diffuser or reaction element 4 so that a gap “d” is formed between the side surface of each of the rollers 3 a and 3 b and the diffuser or reaction element 4. Is provided around.

  In the apparatus of the present invention, the diffuser or the reaction element 4 is provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the plurality of rollers 3, or at least one of the rollers 3 a, 3 b or all of the plurality of rollers 3 is attached to the diffuser or the reaction element 4. And a means (not shown) for holding it rotatably.

  Said means can be constituted by an electric motor, an automatic control device, a drive shaft for transmitting motion, a drive gear, etc., so that the diffuser or reaction element 4 or roller 3a in a manner as schematically shown in FIG. 3b can be activated.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mechanical processing device 1 can be provided with only a means for rotatably supporting the diffuser or the reaction element 4, and a means for operating the plurality of rollers 3 can be omitted. In this way, the diffuser or reaction element 4 can be installed so as to rotate about its axis bb, and the plurality of rollers 3 are swiveled around the diffuser or reaction element 4 as a whole. And can be fixed to the casing 2.

  However, in a preferred embodiment of the mechanical processing device 1 according to the invention, the diffuser or reaction element is centered on its axis a-a by means (not shown) provided with the rollers 3a, 3b for purpose. It is also possible to enable individual rotation in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of 4.

  Depending on whether the rollers 3a and 3b are fixed to the casing 2 or can be rotated about its axis aa, the casing 2 has an outer shape defined by a plurality of rollers 3 as shown in FIG. Shaped to fit.

  Instead of this, the mechanical processing device 1 may be provided with only means for rotating the plurality of rollers 3 around the diffuser or reaction element 4 instead of means for rotatably supporting the diffuser or reaction element 4. . In this case, all the rollers 3 a and 3 b of the plurality of rollers 3 are inevitably turned around the axis line bb of the diffuser or reaction element 4 fixed to the casing 2.

  This particular mode of operation consists of a fixed ring nut (not shown) that is formed and installed so that the diffuser or reaction element 4 has the side surfaces of the rollers 3a, 3b and at least partially abutting the side surfaces. It is desirable if it is.

  In this case, it is necessary to form the casing 2 of the mechanical processing device 1 into a shape such that a plurality of rollers can turn around the axis bb of the diffuser or reaction element 4. For example, the casing 2 is formed into a cylindrical shape having a right circular portion.

  According to another form of the invention, the device 1 may be provided with means for causing the plurality of rollers 3 and the diffuser or reaction element 4 to rotate together with respect to the casing 2. In this case, as schematically shown in FIG. 4, the rotational speed of the rollers 3a and 3b and the diffuser or reaction element 4 is set to be opposite to the rotational direction of the plurality of rollers 3 by rotating the rotation direction of the diffuser or reaction element 4 in reverse. It's not fast, but it can be quite fast.

  The relative rotational speed of the diffuser or reaction element 4 with respect to the rollers 3a and 3b or the roller 3a and 3b with respect to the diffuser or reaction element 4 is usually in the range of 500 rpm to 23,000 rpm, depending on the material to be treated.

  As described above, regardless of the operation mode of the diffuser or reaction element 4 and the rollers 3a and 3b, each of the rollers 3a and 3b of the plurality of rollers 3 can be rotated about the axis aa.

  In this connection, the device 1 can be provided with means for individually rotating the rollers 3a, 3b with respect to the diffuser or reaction element 4 about its own axis. At this time, when the diffuser or the reaction element 4 is operated by a purposely provided means, it is desirable that the rotation direction of the rollers 3a and 3b is opposite to the rotation direction of the diffuser or the reaction element 4. .

  Instead, one or more rollers 3 a, 3 b, or all of the plurality of rollers 3, which can rotate about their own axis aa, resist the resistance of the substance 7 during the rotation of the diffuser or reaction element 4. Thus, it can also be provided so as to idle in the casing 7.

  The drawings show cylindrical rollers 3a, 3b, but instead, for example, conical, frustoconical, twisted cylinders, or other, provided that they are rotatable about axis aa. Note that it can be any shape. In the latter case, the “side surface” of the rollers 3 a, 3 b means the surface of the roller installed so as to be operatively connected to the diffuser or reaction element 4.

  Further, the shape of the rollers 3a and 3b can be changed between the same or a plurality of rollers 3.

  Similarly, in the drawings, the diffuser or reaction element 4 has a conical shape or a cylindrical body with a conical portion 17 at the top, but any other suitable shape may be used for diffusion of the dry starting material and mechanical properties. Can be used for processing. Therefore, for example, the diffuser or the reaction element 4 can be a movable type or a cylindrical ring nut fixed to the casing 2 and having a side surface that is shaped along the contours of the side surfaces of the plurality of rollers 3.

  In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the rollers 3a and 3b are arranged in the casing 2 so that the respective axes aa are parallel to each other and are generally along the circumference (FIGS. 3 and 4). is there. With such an arrangement, the configuration of the apparatus can be considerably simplified.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as described above, the diffuser or reaction element 4 includes the cylindrical portion 17 or the cylindrical portion having the truncated cone portion at the top thereof, and the side surface thereof is at least partly a roller. It faces the side surfaces 3a and 3b. In the embodiment shown, the cylindrical part of the diffuser or reaction element 4 comprises a plurality of vanes 18 which are parallel to the axis bb and are arranged radially with respect to the axis bb.

  The input part 5 for introducing the substance to be treated is preferably at the position corresponding to the conical part or the truncated cone-like part of the diffuser or reaction element 4 or the axis b-b of the diffuser or reaction element 4 or the rollers 3a, 3b. Can be installed on the casing 2 in such a shape that the substance can flow in a direction parallel to the axis aa.

  In a preferred embodiment of the invention, each roller 3a, 3b in the plurality of rollers 3 must be loaded with a new roller 3a, 3b as a function of dry starting material or due to wear occurring during operation of the apparatus. It is detachably loaded in the casing 2 so that it can be replaced when necessary.

  Further, the diffuser or the reaction element 4 can be detachably loaded in the casing 2 for convenience of replacement.

  The rollers 3a, 3b can likewise be loaded on guides that allow radial displacement in the casing 2 relative to the diffuser or reaction element 4 and subsequent fixation in the desired position. In this way, by changing the gap “d” between each roller 3 a, 3 b and the working surface of the diffuser or reaction element 4, the mechanical processing device 1 can have different physical, geometrical dimensions and chemical properties. It can be adapted to the substance it has. The gap “d” between the rollers 3a, 3b and the diffuser or reaction element 4 can be in the range of 0.1 to 40 mm.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side surfaces of the rollers 3a, 3b can extend over the entire length of each roller 3a, 3b and exhibit surface areas 15, 16 having different characteristics. For example, the rollers 3a, 3b may exhibit knurled areas 15, 16 or spiked areas, or notched areas, high roughness smooth areas, or low roughness smooth areas.

  When the rollers 3a and 3b are not rotatably installed by the actuating means, or when the rollers 3a and 3b have different surface areas extending over their entire length, the surface areas 15 and 16 of the respective rollers 3a and 3b are designated as It is desirable that 3 b be opposed to the working surface of the diffuser or reaction element 4 as a function of the angular position installed with respect to the diffuser or reaction element 4.

  In this case, the mechanical processing apparatus 1 may be provided with an appropriate member that blocks the angular position of each roller 3a, 3b with respect to the diffuser or the reaction element 4 about the axis aa.

  Thus, according to this embodiment, the user of the mechanical processing device 1 can determine which regions 15, 16 of each roller 3 a, 3 b as a function of the action that the device 1 should exert on the starting material 7. It can be determined whether to face the working surface of the diffuser or reaction element 4 functionally connected to the side.

  Preferably, the mechanical processing device 1 shown in FIG. 1 which can be used for the extraction of a matrix containing active ingredients derived from dry organic substances and for other purposes, also, for example, a suction flow controlled and generated by an intake 12 as appropriate. Casings such as cornered vertical panels 8a and 8b, cyclone separators 10a and 10b with discharge portions 11a and 11b, and a filter 13 with a discharge portion 14 such as a vibrating screen, which are easily received and equipped with discharge portions 9a and 9b A plurality of members for classifying / selecting substances discharged from the two discharge portions 6a and 6b can be provided.

  These classifying elements can be optimally selected for different matrices that are dispensed from the casing 2 after being mechanically processed by the diffuser or reaction element 4 and the plurality of rollers 3.

  The device 1 shown in the figure shows that as a function of the starting material 7 and what the user wants to obtain after mechanical processing, the user can in particular determine the number and surface structure of the rollers 3a, 3b, the surface structure of the diffuser or reaction element 4 and the diffuser. Alternatively, it is assumed that the most appropriate roller 3a, 3b and the diffuser or the reaction element 4 are selected and determined to be installed in the casing 2 by determining a gap to be provided between the reaction element 4 and the side surfaces of the rollers 3a, 3b. ing.

  In this respect, after setting the rotational conditions, i.e. the angular velocity of the rollers 3a, 3b, or the plurality of rollers 3, or the diffuser or reaction element 4, which seems to be suitable for the substance 7, the user can remove the casing from the dosing part 5 Introduce starting material 7 into 2.

  Due to the position of the input 5 with respect to the diffuser or reaction element 4, the starting material 7 falls and hits the conical part 17 of the diffuser or reaction element 4, and on its side, the rollers 3 a, 3 b and the diffuser or reaction element 4. A space extending between the cylindrical portion of the diffuser or reaction element 4, preferably with vanes 18, and the sides of the rollers 3a, 3b, in the gap "d" between them.

  As the rollers 3a, 3b rotate relative to the diffuser or reaction element 4, the starting material 7 can be mechanically processed, so that the starting material is reduced to the matrix at the discharge parts 6a, 6b of the casing 2. Is done.

  From this state, in the particular embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the matrix is further categorized by the members 8a, 8b, 10, 10b, 12 and 13 and provided to the user of the device 1 in a precisely selected manner. The That is, on the discharge side of the device 1, a series of well-sorted matrices, each containing only one or several of the components present in the starting material, in a very pure and exclusive manner. Can be obtained.

  According to the device of the present invention, unlike the conventional purpose-specific device, the user selects and installs parts according to the characteristics of the starting material, and performs the treatment suitable for the purpose. A matrix containing a high percentage of active ingredients can be extracted without wasting the starting material. Therefore, it can be effectively used in a wide range of fields such as medicine, cosmetics and food.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to a particular form of the invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic cut-away side view of a diffuser or reaction element surrounded by two rollers according to another aspect of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the diffuser or reaction element surrounded by a plurality of rollers of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from above. FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a diffuser or reaction element surrounded by a plurality of rollers, showing possible directions of rotation of various members.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mechanical processing apparatus 2 Casing 3, 3a, 3b Roller 4 Diffuser or reaction element 5 Input part 6, 6a, 6b Discharge part 7 Starting material 8a, 8b Standing panel 9a, 9b Discharge part 10a, 10b Cyclone separator 11a, 11b Discharge part 12 Intaker 13 Filter 14 Discharge part 15, 16 Surface area 17 Conical part 18 Blade aa, a'-a 'Roller axis bb Diffuser or reaction element axis
d gap

Claims (21)

  A plurality of rollers (3), at least one diffuser or reaction element (4) for the plurality of rollers, and at least one input section (5) for supplying a dry substance (7); A device (1) for mechanically treating a dry substance (7) of the type comprising a casing (2) having at least one discharge part (6a) (6b) for discharging it, said plurality Among the plurality of rollers, the rollers (3a) and (3b) define a gap (d) between each of the plurality of rollers and the diffuser or reaction element and a side surface of the roller. The diffuser or reaction element is disposed around the diffuser or reaction element, and the apparatus is provided with the diffuser or reaction element rotatably with respect to the plurality of rollers, or the plurality of the plurality of rollers. At least one roller of the over la, to the diffuser or contrast element, device characterized by comprising means for providing rotatably.   The diffuser or reaction element is fixed relative to the casing, and the plurality of rollers are rotatable relative to the diffuser or reaction element, or the diffuser or reaction element is relative to the roller. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is freely rotatable.   The diffuser or reaction element and the plurality of rollers are rotatable with respect to the casing, and the plurality of rollers are rotatable in a direction opposite to a rotation direction of the diffuser or reaction element. The apparatus of claim 1.   4. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the roller is adapted to swivel around the diffuser or reaction element.   5. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the rollers rotates or is rotatable about its axis (aa).   The rollers have axes that are parallel to each other, and the organic material charging portion of the casing is molded so that the organic material can be introduced in a direction that is generally parallel to the axes of the plurality of rollers. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is a device.   The diffuser or the reaction element includes at least one cylindrical portion having an axis (bb) parallel to the axes of the plurality of rollers, and a side surface at least partially facing the roller side surface. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that   8. A device according to claim 7, characterized in that at least one cylindrical part of the diffuser or reaction element comprises one or more vanes (18) parallel to its axis.   The charging portion of the casing for charging the dry substance is shaped so that the dry substance can be introduced into the casing in the same direction as the axis of the diffuser or reaction element. The device according to any one of claims 6 to 8.   10. The diffuser or reaction element comprises at least one conical or frustoconical part (17) installed at a position corresponding to the input part. apparatus.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the diffuser or the reaction element is a lattice having a side surface at least partially facing a side surface of the plurality of rollers.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of rollers is detachably provided in the casing.     The at least one of the plurality of rollers has one or more outer surface areas (15, 16) having different surface properties than the outer surface. 12. The apparatus according to any one of 12.   At least one of the plurality of rollers is movable so as to selectively expose the one or more outer surface regions facing the diffuser or reaction element; 14. The device according to claim 13, characterized.   The one or more side regions having surface characteristics different from the remaining portion of the side surface of at least one roller of the plurality of rollers extend over the entire length of the roller. The apparatus according to 13 or 14.   16. The apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 15, further comprising means for blocking the at least one roller at a predetermined angular position relative to the diffuser or reaction element. apparatus.   17. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for changing a gap between at least one of the plurality of rollers and the diffuser or the reaction element. The device described.   18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the means for changing the gap between the at least one roller and the diffuser or reaction element changes the gap in the range of 0.1-40 mm.   The apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diffuser or reaction element rotates relative to the casing at a speed in the range of 500 rpm to 23,000 rpm.   The apparatus further comprises one or more members (8a) (8b) (10a) (10b) (12) (13) for classifying the resulting matrix downstream of the dispensing part of the casing. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that   The use which uses the apparatus of any one of Claims 1-20 for the extraction of the matrix containing the active ingredient derived from the organic substance of a dry state.

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