JP2006289318A - Garbage disposal machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a garbage disposal machine which prevents surely a leakage of an odorous component generated inside a treatment tank to the outside, and gives no discomfort to users. <P>SOLUTION: Deodorant filters 7a and 7b are arranged at an inlet port of an exhaust duct 60 for performing exhaust from the treatment tank 1 which houses a bio-substrate 3, and a switch 7 is installed at a front section of the deodorant filters 7a and 7b. Further, odorous gas generated inside the treatment tank 6 is detected by an odor sensor 8, the results of the detection allow the switch 7 to carry out a switching behavior, and air passing through the deodorant filters 7a and 7b is discharged through the exhaust duct 60. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an organic matter processing apparatus that decomposes raw garbage input to a treatment tank by the activity of microorganisms that live in a bio-base material accommodated in the treatment tank.

  In recent years, the reduction of garbage generated every day in ordinary households has become a social issue, and as a means for solving this problem, there are various garbage processing machines that mainly decompose garbage generated around the kitchen. Proposed.

  As one of this kind of garbage processing machine, an opening is opened at the top of the processing tank containing bio-base materials such as sawdust and wood strips, and a stirring body is arranged inside the processing tank. A garbage processing machine configured to agitate the raw garbage introduced into the treatment tank through the input port together with the bio base material by the operation of the stirrer, take it into the bio base material, and decompose it. There are so-called bio-type garbage processing machines (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  In the bio-base material accommodated inside the treatment tank, aerobic microorganisms having the ability to decompose organic matter such as yeast and food fermenting bacteria are inhabited and put into the treatment tank. The garbage taken into the base material is decomposed into carbon dioxide gas and water by the activity of the microorganism. In order to perform this decomposition well, a sufficient amount of air (oxygen) is supplied into a bio-substrate that contains an appropriate amount of water and kept at an appropriate temperature, and the inside of the bio-substrate is suitable for the activity of microorganisms. It is necessary to keep the environment.

Therefore, conventionally, a heater for heating the inside of the processing tank is provided, temperature control is performed to keep the inside of the processing tank at an appropriate temperature by on / off control of the heater, and an exhaust fan for exhausting the air inside the processing tank to the outside and the processing The tank is equipped with an air supply fan that supplies outside air. By controlling the operation of these fans, it is generated in the bio-base material as a result of the decomposition process, and released into the processing tank by periodic stirring by the stirring body. While exhausting the moisture-containing gas to the outside, the supply and exhaust control for taking in the outside air supplied into the treatment tank into the bio-substrate is performed to optimize the moisture and temperature in the bio-substrate. A sufficient amount of air (oxygen) is supplied to increase the activity of microorganisms so that the garbage can be decomposed satisfactorily.
JP-A-7-204608 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-132004

  Now, in the bio-type garbage processing machine configured as described above, for example, when excessive garbage is thrown in by the user, when deterioration of the bio-base material progresses due to long-term use, etc. It may be difficult to maintain a good in-tank environment by temperature control and supply / exhaust control. In such a case, there is a possibility that a slight odor may be temporarily generated in the process of decomposing garbage by the activity of microorganisms, and the odor generated in this way is discharged together with the exhaust generated by the operation of the exhaust fan. There is a problem in that it leaks out and drifts to the surroundings, particularly when it is installed and used indoors, and the user feels uncomfortable.

  The odor generated in this way includes odor components such as ammonia odor, trimethylamine odor, methyl mercaptan odor, hydrogen sulfide odor and acetic acid odor. Longed to enhance.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is possible to reliably prevent the odor components generated inside the treatment tank from leaking to the outside, and to prevent a user from feeling uncomfortable. The purpose is to provide.

  The garbage processing machine according to the present invention decomposes garbage introduced into the processing tank containing the bio-base material by the activity of microorganisms living in the bio-base material, In the garbage processing machine configured to discharge the generated gas to the outside through an exhaust passage communicating with the treatment tank, a deodorization filter disposed in a part of the exhaust passage, and an exhaust gas to the deodorization filter A switching device for switching between disconnection, an odor sensor for detecting odor gas generated in the processing tank, and a control means for controlling the switching operation of the switching device based on the detection result of the odor sensor. Features.

  In the present invention, the odor inside the treatment tank is detected by an odor sensor, and when the odor component is detected, the switch is controlled, passed through a deodorization filter in the middle of the exhaust passage, and deodorized in the exhaust gas. Discharge and prevent odor leakage.

  Further, the garbage processing machine according to the present invention is characterized in that the deodorizing filter includes a basic filter mainly composed of one or both of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal, and the deodorizing filter is strongly acidic. An acid filter comprising a compound as a main component is provided, and the deodorizing filter further includes a basic filter having one or both of an alkali metal and an alkaline earth metal as a main component, and a strong acid compound as a main component. And an acidic filter.

  In these inventions, one or both of a basic filter and an acidic filter are provided as a deodorizing filter, and an acidic gas and a basic gas containing an odor component are neutralized by aeration of the deodorizing filter to obtain a good deodorizing performance.

  Moreover, the garbage processing machine according to the present invention is characterized in that the switching unit is configured to selectively switch the exhaust between the basic filter and the acid filter, and the control means further includes: When the acidic gas is detected by the odor sensor, exhaust gas is vented to the basic filter, and when the basic gas is detected by the odor sensor, the switching operation of the switching device is performed to vent the exhaust gas to the acidic filter. It is characterized by being configured to control.

  In the present invention, when both the basic filter and the acid filter are provided, the switcher can selectively switch the ventilation to either one, and the operation of the control means based on the detection result of the odor sensor, When the acidic gas is detected, exhaust gas is passed through the basic filter, and when the basic gas is detected, exhaust gas is passed through the acidic filter to reliably deodorize both the acidic odor and the basic odor.

  In the garbage processing machine according to the present invention, the generation of odorous gas in the inside of the treatment tank containing the bio-base material is detected, and the exhaust gas is passed through the deodorizing filter in the exhaust passage in accordance with this detection. In addition, it is possible to surely prevent the odor inside the processing tank from leaking to the outside, and to eliminate discomfort given to the user.

  In addition, since the garbage processing machine according to the present invention includes one or both of a basic filter and an acidic filter as a deodorizing filter, the acidic gas and basic gas generated in the treatment tank are neutralized by aeration of the deodorizing filter. In addition, the odor component generated in the treatment tank can be deodorized more reliably regardless of whether it is acidic or basic, and leakage to the outside can be prevented.

  Furthermore, in the garbage processing machine according to the present invention, the ventilation switching by the switching unit is selectively performed between the basic filter and the acidic filter, and when the acidic gas is detected by the odor sensor, the basic filter is used. Since exhaust gas is passed through the exhaust gas through the acidic filter when the basic gas is detected, the deodorization can be surely performed when either acidic gas or basic gas is generated inside the treatment tank. The present invention has excellent effects such as reliably preventing leakage to the outside and effectively eliminating discomfort given to the user.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings illustrating embodiments thereof. 1 is an external perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front sectional view, and FIG. 3 is a side sectional view.

  In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a processing tank configured as a drum-shaped hollow container, which is fixedly supported inside an exterior housing 2 having a rectangular box shape with the axial direction being lateral. The upper surface of the outer housing 2 is covered with an upper lid 20 so as to be openable and closable, and a garbage inlet 21 is opened. The inlet 21 is provided with an inlet chute 22 extending downward. It communicates with the upper part of the tank 1.

  In the inside of the treatment tank 1, for example, a bio-base 3 made of sawdust, porous wood strips, etc. is stored with a predetermined depth from the bottom. Inside the bio-base 3 are aerobic microorganisms (yeast bacteria, food-fermenting fungi, etc.) that have the ability to decompose organic matter. It falls onto 3 and is taken into bio-base 3 by agitation described later, and is decomposed by the activity of the microorganism.

  The upper lid 20 covering the insertion port 21 is opened and closed by swinging around the support shaft 20a along the rear edge and, as shown in FIG. 3, cannot be opened by the action of the lock claw 23 engaged with the front edge when closed. It is configured to be restrained. For example, the lock claw 23 releases the engagement in accordance with an appropriate operation by the user or a user's detection by a human body sensor (not shown), and allows the opening 21 to be opened by the operation of the upper lid 20. As a result, it is possible to prevent the careless opening of the upper lid 20 while preventing the input port 21 for the input of garbage, and to prevent environmental deterioration in the bio-substrate 3 inside the treatment tank 1. .

  In addition, a stirring body 4 as a stirring means is disposed inside the processing tank 1. The stirring body 4 includes a rotating shaft 40 supported horizontally on the axis of the processing tank 1 and a plurality of stirring blades (four in the figure) radially projecting in the middle of the rotating shaft 40. 41, 41 ... and so on. Both ends of the rotating shaft 40 penetrate the end walls of the processing tanks 1 on the respective sides and project outside, and one projecting end is an output end of the agitation motor 42 fixed to the inner bottom surface of the exterior housing 2. In addition, they are connected via a transmission belt 43.

  With the above configuration, the agitator 4 is rotated on the axis of the treatment tank 1 by transmission from the agitation motor 42 to the rotary shaft 40, and each of the stirring blades 41, 41. Acting on the bio-substrate 3, the bio-substrate 3 is agitated. This agitation is performed so that the garbage is taken into the bio-substrate 3 when the garbage is introduced from the input port 21, and thereafter, the carbonic acid generated in the bio-substrate 3 as the garbage is decomposed. It is carried out at an appropriate cycle in order to release gas and water into the upper space of the treatment tank 1.

  The stirrer blades 41, 41... Of the stirrer 4 have a curved shape as shown in FIG. 3, and the stirring of the bio-substrate 3 by these actions is accompanied by the upward lifting on one side. Therefore, the carbon dioxide gas and moisture inside the bio-substrate 3 can be effectively released.

  An air supply fan 5 as an air supply means is attached to the front side of the charging chute 22 connected to the upper part of the processing tank 1. The air supply fan 5 is an electric fan whose discharge side is the inside of the processing tank 1 to which the charging chute 22 communicates. When the air supply fan 5 is driven, it is communicated with the outside air through an air supply port (not shown). The air inside the outer housing 2 is sucked and supplied into the processing tank 1.

  The rear side of the charging chute 22 communicates with the outside of the exterior housing 2 through an exhaust duct 60 having an exhaust fan 6 in the middle. The exhaust fan 6 is an electric fan having the outer side of the exterior housing 2 as a discharge side. When the exhaust fan 6 is driven, the gas inside the processing tank 1 is sucked through the input chute 22 and the exhaust duct 60 to be The air is exhausted outside the housing 2.

  The air supply fan 5 and the exhaust fan 6 as described above optimize the water content in the bio-base material 3 by synergistic action with the stirring of the bio-base material 3 by the stirrer 4, and use fresh air (oxygen) as a biomaterial. It drives based on the detection result of the internal state of the bio-base material 3 in order to supply in the base material 3 and to raise the activity of microorganisms. The exhaust fan 6 operates to discharge the carbon dioxide gas and moisture released by the agitation to the outside air through the exhaust duct 60. The air supply fan 5 operates to supply outside air into the processing tank 1, and the outside air supplied in this way is taken into the bio-substrate 3 by the agitation and used for the activity of microorganisms.

  Further, a treatment tank heater 10 using a planar heater is attached to the lower peripheral wall of the treatment tank 1, and when the treatment tank heater 10 is energized, the bio-substrate 3 inside the treatment tank 1. Is configured to be heated. As is well known, this heating is performed to keep the internal temperature of the bio-substrate 3 at a temperature suitable for the activity of microorganisms.

  Furthermore, in the garbage processing machine according to the present invention, the inlet of the exhaust duct 60 provided with the exhaust fan 6 is divided into two parts, each of which is attached with a deodorizing filter 7a, 7b, and these deodorizing filters 7a, 7b On the inlet side, a switch 7 for selectively switching whether or not ventilation is possible is attached.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of the switching unit 7. The switch 7 shown in the figure includes a rotating shaft 70 installed along the boundary between the deodorizing filters 7a and 7b, and a switching plate protruding outward in the radial direction over substantially the entire length of the rotating shaft 70. 71 and an actuator 72 for applying a rotational force to the rotary shaft 70.

  The actuator 72 is rotatable in both forward and reverse directions within a central angle of 180 °, and the switching plate 71 that rotates together with the rotary shaft 70 in accordance with this rotation is provided with a deodorizing filter as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4B, the first switching position covering the entrance side of 7b and the second switching position covering the front position of the deodorizing filter 7a are switched and moved.

  When in the first and second switching positions described above, air flows from the processing tank 1 into the exhaust duct 60 only through the deodorizing filter 7a (or 7b) not covered by the switching plate 71. The switching plate 71 can be positioned at an intermediate position between the first and second switching positions shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), and air can be generated in both the deodorizing filters 7a and 7b.

  The switching device 7 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 4 in which the switching operation is performed by the rotation of the switching plate 71. For example, the switching plate 71 slides the switching plate 71 along the front surfaces of the deodorizing filters 7a and 7b. Other appropriate configurations such as a configuration for realizing the second switching position are also possible.

  Here, one of the deodorizing filters 7a and 7b (for example, the deodorizing filter 7a) is a basic filter mainly composed of an alkali metal (potassium, sodium, etc.) or an alkaline earth metal (calcium etc.), and the other ( For example, the deodorizing filter 7b) is an acidic filter mainly composed of a strongly acidic compound (sulfuric acid compound, nitric acid compound, phosphoric acid compound, etc.). The deodorizing filter 7a, which is a basic filter, neutralizes acidic gases with acidic odors such as hydrogen sulfide odor, acetic acid odor, etc., and performs a good deodorizing function. A basic gas accompanied by a basic odor such as odor can be neutralized to perform a good deodorizing function. Therefore, by making the switching device 7 perform the switching operation according to the type of odor gas component in the air inside the processing tank 1, the odor component in the exhaust discharged to the outside air by the operation of the exhaust fan 6 is effectively made. This makes it possible to reliably prevent leakage to the outside.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, an odor sensor 8 is attached to the inside of the processing tank 1 in the vicinity of the upper edge of the charging chute 22, that is, above the surface of the bio-substrate 3. This odor sensor 8 is an aggregate of gas sensors including at least a gas accompanied by five odor components (ammonia odor, trimethylamine odor, methyl mercaptan odor, hydrogen sulfide odor, acetic acid odor) as a detection target. Based on the detection result of the sensor 8, the switching operation of the switch 7 is configured as described later.

  Further, a base material sensor 80 for detecting the amount of water in the bio-base material 3 and a tank internal temperature sensor 81 for detecting the internal temperature of the processing tank 1 are attached to each part inside the processing tank 1, and the exterior housing 2. The room temperature sensor 82 for detecting the temperature of the outside air is attached facing the outside.

  FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control system of the garbage processing machine according to the present invention. The operation control unit 9 is configured as a microprocessor including a CPU, a ROM, and a RAM. The operation control unit 9 receives detection results from the base material sensor 80, the in-bath temperature sensor 81, and the room temperature sensor 82, respectively. Furthermore, the detection result of the odor (odor gas) released from the bio-base material 3 to the upper space of the processing tank 1 is given from the odor sensor 8.

  A control command issued by the operation control unit 9 is given to the agitation motor 42 for rotationally driving the agitator 4, the air supply fan 5, and the exhaust fan 6 through separate drive circuits, and the energization control circuit for the treatment tank heater 10. Is given through. Further, a control command issued by the operation control unit 9 is given to the switching unit 7, and the switching unit 7 should selectively realize the first and second switching positions according to the control command from the operation control unit 9. It is configured to work.

  A control command issued by the operation control unit 9 is further given to the display unit 11. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the display unit 11 is provided on the outer upper surface of the outer housing 2 along the front edge of the upper lid 20 together with an operation unit for various driving operations so as to be visible to the user. .

  The operation control unit 9 issues operation commands to the agitation motor 42, the air supply fan 5, the exhaust fan 6 and the processing tank heater 10 according to a predetermined control program, and performs the agitation control operation by driving or not driving the agitation motor 42, the air supply A supply / exhaust control operation is performed by driving and non-driving the fan 5 and the exhaust fan 6, and a temperature control operation is performed by turning on and off the processing tank heater 7. These control operations are performed in the current operating state given from the base material sensor 80, the temperature sensor 81 in the tank, and the room temperature sensor 82 in order to increase the activity of microorganisms that live in the bio base material 3 accommodated in the processing tank 1. This is performed based on the procedures disclosed in various documents such as Patent Documents 1 and 2 mentioned above.

  During this time, the operation control unit 9 issues a control command to the display unit 11 and performs a display control operation for causing the display unit 11 to display the current operation state. The display on the display unit 11 can be performed in an appropriate form such as lighting of a display lamp or display of a text message.

  Further, the operation control unit 9 performs the following deodorization control operation with the switching device 7 as a control target. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the content of the deodorization control operation in the operation control unit 9. This operation is performed every preset control cycle during operation of the garbage disposal machine. First, the operation control unit 9 takes in the detection result of the odor sensor 8 and detects the target odor gas. It is determined whether or not odor gas has been detected (step 1), and if no odor gas has been detected (step 1: NO), the operation is terminated without performing any control operation on the switching device 7, and the next Wait until the control cycle is reached.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that odor gas is detected (step 1: YES), it is determined whether or not the next detected odor gas is an acid gas (step 2). If there is (step 2: YES), an operation command is issued to the switch 7 to switch the switch 7 to the first switching position described above (step 3). The presence or absence of detection of odor gas is determined by whether or not the detection value of the odor sensor 8 exceeds a predetermined level set in advance, and whether or not it is acidic gas is determined by the detection value of the corresponding gas sensor in advance. Judgment is made based on whether or not the predetermined level is exceeded.

  When the switching device 7 is in the first switching position, as described above, the entry side of the deodorizing filter 7b is covered with the switching plate 71, and the deodorizing filter 7a is exposed to the inside of the processing tank 1, and the inside of the processing tank 1 is reached. The acid gas generated and detected by the odor sensor 8 passes through the deodorizing filter 7a, is introduced into the exhaust duct 60, and is discharged to the outside by the operation of the exhaust fan 6. Here, since the deodorizing filter 7a is a basic filter as described above, the acidic gas is neutralized when passing through the deodorizing filter 7a, so that acidic malodorous components such as hydrogen sulfide odor and acetic acid odor are surely obtained. Deodorization and removal are eliminated, and the possibility of leakage to the outside along with the exhaust by the exhaust fan 6 is eliminated.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the detected odor gas is not an acidic gas (step 2: NO), the operation control unit 9 recognizes that basic gas is generated and issues an operation command to the switch 7. The switching device 7 is switched to the second switching position described above (step 4).

  When the switching device 7 is in the second switching position, the entry side of the deodorizing filter 7a is covered with the switching plate 71, and the deodorizing filter 7b is exposed to the inside of the processing tank 1, and is generated in the processing tank 1, and the odor The basic gas detected by the sensor 8 passes through the deodorizing filter 7b configured as an acidic filter, is introduced into the exhaust duct 60, and is discharged to the outside by the operation of the exhaust fan 6.

  At this time, the basic gas in the treatment tank 1 is neutralized when passing through the deodorizing filter 7b, and basic malodorous components such as ammonia odor and trimethylamine odor are surely deodorized and removed. The possibility of leaking to the outside along with the exhaust by 6 is eliminated.

  As described above, in the garbage processing machine according to the present invention, the deodorizing filters 7a and 7b are arranged in the exhaust passage from the processing tank 1, and the odor is arranged inside the processing tank 1 to cut off the exhaust to these. Since the control is performed based on the detection result of the odor gas by the sensor 8, the possibility that the odor generated in the processing tank 1 leaks together with the exhaust gas can be effectively alleviated, and the user may feel uncomfortable. This can be solved.

  In the above embodiment, the deodorizing filter 7a for deodorizing the acidic odor and the deodorizing filter 7b for deodorizing the basic odor are provided, and the ventilation is controlled to be cut off to these. Needless to say, the ventilation of the deodorizing filter may be controlled according to the detection of odor gas.

It is an external appearance perspective view which shows schematic structure of the garbage processing machine which concerns on this invention. It is front sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the garbage processing machine which concerns on this invention. It is a sectional side view which shows schematic structure of the garbage processing machine which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the structural example of a switching device. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control system of the garbage processing machine which concerns on this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the content of the deodorizing control operation | movement in an operation control part.

Explanation of symbols

1 Treatment tank 3 Bio-base 6 Exhaust fan 7 Switch
7a, 7b Deodorizing filter 8 Odor sensor 9 Operation control unit
60 Exhaust duct

Claims (6)

The garbage put into the treatment tank containing the bio-base material is decomposed by the activity of microorganisms living in the bio-base material, and the gas generated by this decomposition treatment is communicated with the treatment tank. In the garbage processing machine that is configured to discharge to the outside through the exhaust passage,
A deodorizing filter disposed in a part of the exhaust passage;
A switching device for switching the passage of exhaust gas to the deodorizing filter;
An odor sensor for detecting odor gas generated inside the treatment tank;
And a control means for controlling a switching operation of the switch based on a detection result of the odor sensor.   The said deodorizing filter is a garbage disposal machine of Claim 1 provided with the basic filter which has one or both of an alkali metal and an alkaline-earth metal as a main component.   The said deodorizing filter is a garbage processing machine of Claim 1 provided with the acidic filter which has a strongly acidic compound as a main component.   The said deodorizing filter is a garbage processing machine of Claim 1 provided with the basic filter which has one or both of an alkali metal and alkaline-earth metal as a main component, and the acidic filter which has a strong acidic compound as a main component.   5. The garbage processing machine according to claim 4, wherein the switch is configured to selectively switch the passage of exhaust between the basic filter and the acid filter.   The control means causes the exhaust to vent to the basic filter when acid gas is detected by the odor sensor, and causes the exhaust to vent to the acid filter when basic gas is detected by the odor sensor. The garbage processing machine according to claim 5, wherein the switching operation is controlled.

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