JP2006283581A - Hermetic compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve cooling efficiency, by improving sealability between a roller and a cylinder. <P>SOLUTION: This hermetic rotary compressor 100 stores a motor-driven element 2 and a rotary compression element 4 driven by a crankshaft 3 of the motor-driven element 2 in a sealed vessel 1. The rotary compression element 4 has the cylinder 41 arranged between a main bearing 7A and a sub-bearing 7B for supporting the crankshaft, and the roller 45 arranged in the cylinder 41 and eccentrically rotating by the crankshaft 3. Oil 8 of a quantity of soaking the rotary compression element 4 is stored in the sealed vessel 1. A groove 61 is arranged on the cylinder 41 side in a contact surface between the sub-bearing 7B and the cylinder 41, and an oil passage 60 is formed for introducing the oil 8 in a suction process into a compression space 43 between the cylinder 41 and the roller 45. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a hermetic compressor used for refrigeration, air conditioning, and the like, and more particularly to a technique for improving COP of a hermetic compressor.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a hermetic rotary compressor in which an electric element and a rotary compression element that is driven by the electric element and compresses a refrigerant is housed in an airtight container is known. In this type of hermetic rotary compressor, generally, a roller that rotates eccentrically is installed in a cylinder with a predetermined clearance to form a crescent-shaped space (so-called compression chamber) in the cylinder, and the roller slides on the roller. A vane that is in contact is provided, and the crescent-shaped space in the cylinder is configured to be pressure-divided by the vane into a low-pressure chamber side that sucks in the refrigerant and a high-pressure chamber side that compresses the refrigerant (for example, Patent Document 1).
JP-A-6-323276

However, in the conventional technology, the sealing performance of the crescent-shaped space in the cylinder is not sufficiently improved, and the cooling efficiency (COP: Coefficient Of Performance: refrigeration capacity / input power) of the hermetic rotary compressor is not achieved. ).
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hermetic compressor that can improve the sealing performance between a roller and a cylinder and thereby increase the cooling efficiency. And

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hermetic compressor in which an electric element and a rotary compression element driven by a rotating shaft of the electric element are housed in an airtight container. A cylinder disposed between two bearings that support the shaft, and a roller installed in the cylinder and rotated eccentrically by the rotating shaft, and an amount of oil that the rotary compression element is immersed in the sealed container In addition to storing, a groove was provided on the cylinder side in the contact surface between the bearing and the cylinder to form an oil passage that guides the oil to the compression chamber between the cylinder and the roller during the suction process. It is characterized by.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hermetic compressor in which an electric element and a rotary compression element driven by a rotating shaft of the electric element are housed in an airtight container. Two sealed cylinders sandwiched between two bearings that support a shaft, and a roller that is provided in each of the cylinders and that rotates eccentrically with the rotating shaft. An amount of oil immersed in the rotary compression element is stored therein, and a groove is provided on a cylinder side in a contact surface between the plate member and each of the two cylinders, and the oil is supplied to the cylinder and the roller. An oil passage leading to the compression chamber is formed in the compression chamber therebetween.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned invention, the groove is provided so that a ratio of a cross-sectional area of the oil passage and an excluded volume of the compression chamber is within a predetermined range.

According to the present invention, the oil passage for guiding the oil in the hermetic container during the suction process is provided in the compression chamber between the cylinder and the roller constituting the rotary compression element. A sufficient oil film is formed to improve the sealing performance. As a result, the refrigerant is prevented from leaking to the low pressure side during the compression process in the compression chamber, so that the compression efficiency is enhanced, and thus the cooling efficiency is enhanced.
In particular, according to the present invention, the oil passage is formed by providing a groove on the cylinder side in the contact surface between the bearing and the cylinder, so that it is not affected by the deviation generated when the bearing and the cylinder are fixed. The amount of oil as designed can be injected into the compression chamber.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an aspect of a hermetic rotary compressor 100 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a rotary compression element. The hermetic rotary compressor 100 is connected to a pipe between a refrigerant condenser and an evaporator to form a refrigerator unit. As shown in FIG. The electric element 2 is housed on the upper side of the container 1, and the rotary compression element 4 that is driven by the crankshaft 3 of the electric element 2 to compress the refrigerant is housed on the lower side.

  The hermetic container 1 includes a cylindrical shell portion 10 and an end cap 11 fixed to the shell portion 10 by arc welding or the like. The end cap 11 is a relay terminal for supplying electric power to the electric element 2. And a discharge pipe 13 for discharging the compressed refrigerant to the outside of the machine. A suction pipe 6 that guides the refrigerant from the accumulator 5 to the rotary compression element 4 is fixed by welding or the like near the bottom of the shell portion 10.

  The electric element 2 is composed of a direct current motor such as a so-called DC brushless motor, and includes a rotor (rotor) 31 and a stator (stator) 32 fixed to the shell portion 10. 3 is fixed, and the rotational force of the rotor 31 is transmitted to the rotary compression element 4. The crankshaft 3 is rotatably supported by a main bearing 7A (support member) and a sub bearing 7B.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotary compression element 4 includes a cylinder 41 having a cylindrical shape. The cylinder 41 is connected to a main bearing by a bolt or the like (not shown) between the main bearing 7A and the auxiliary bearing 7B. The main bearing 7A is fixed to the inner surface of the sealed container 1 by welding, and the cylinder 41 is supported by the main bearing 7A. Further, the upper opening of the cylinder 41 is closed by the main bearing 7 </ b> A and the lower opening is closed by the auxiliary bearing 7 </ b> B, and a compression chamber 43 is formed in the cylinder 41.

  In the compression chamber 43, a roller 45 that is fitted into an eccentric portion 44 that is integrally formed with the crankshaft 3 and rotates eccentrically is provided. As shown in FIG. 3, the cylinder 41 is provided with a vane groove 47 between the refrigerant suction port 48 and the discharge port 40, and the vane 46 is slidably disposed in the vane groove 47. ing. The vane 46 is always pressed in the direction of the roller 45 by a biasing member such as a spring (not shown), and reciprocates in the vane groove 47 while sliding on the outer peripheral surface of the roller 45 in accordance with the rotation of the eccentric portion 44 and the roller 45. The inside of the compression chamber 43 serves to partition the pressure chamber side into the low pressure chamber side 43A and the high pressure chamber side 43B.

  Specifically, the roller 45 is provided such that one end of the outer surface thereof is always in contact with the inner surface 49 of the cylinder 41 with a predetermined clearance, and the compression chamber 43 that is a space between the cylinder 41 and the roller 45 has a crescent shape. Formed. The vane 46 comes into contact with the outer surface of the roller 45, and the crescent-shaped compression chamber 43 is partitioned by the vane 46 into a low pressure chamber side 43A and a high pressure chamber side 43B.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the suction pipe 6 is inserted into the suction port 48 of the cylinder 41, and a discharge valve (not shown) is provided in the discharge port 40. When the discharge pressure defined by the valve is reached, it is discharged from the discharge port 40 into the sealed container 1.
Therefore, in the hermetic rotary compressor 100, the electric element 2 is supplied from the outside through the accumulator 5 by rotating the roller 45 in the compression chamber 43 eccentrically by driving the crankshaft 3 to rotate. The refrigerant is sucked into the low-pressure chamber side 43A of the compression chamber 43 through the suction pipe 6, compressed while moving the refrigerant to the high-pressure chamber side 43B, and discharged from the discharge port 40 into the sealed container 1, and the discharge pipe 13 Will be discharged out of the machine.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, oil 8 is stored at the bottom of the sealed container 1 up to the lower surface of the main bearing 7A (indicated by the line AA ′ in the figure). An oil pickup 50 is provided at the lower end portion 3A of the crankshaft 3 to supply oil to the main bearing 7A, the sub-bearing 7B, the sliding portion between the rotary compression element 4 and the crankshaft 3, and the sliding portion of the rotary compression element 4. ing.

  Specifically, the crankshaft 3 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a cylindrical oil pickup 50 is press-fitted and attached to the lower end portion 3A thereof. As shown in FIG. 2, a paddle 51 constituting a spiral oil flow path is integrally formed inside the oil pickup 50, and the oil pickup 50 is separated from the lower end 50A by a centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the crack shaft 3. The oil 8 stored in the airtight container 1 is sucked, and the paddle 51 feeds the oil 8 upward. Then, the oil 8 passes through an oil supply hole 52 formed in the oil pickup 50, and the peripheral surface of the crankshaft 3, in particular, the main bearing 7 </ b> A, the sub-bearing 7 </ b> B, and each sliding portion between the rotary compression element 4 and the crankshaft 3. To be supplied.

Here, as described above, since the roller 45 is installed so as to be always in contact with the inner surface 49 of the cylinder 41 with a predetermined clearance, the sealing performance of the compression chamber 43 is not sufficient and the cooling efficiency is lowered. Will be invited.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the oil rotary 60 that guides the oil 8 stored in the sealed container 1 to the compression chamber 43 during the refrigerant suction process is provided in the sealed rotary compressor 100, and the oil path 60 is A sufficient oil film is formed between the roller 45 and the cylinder 41 by the oil 8 injected therethrough so as to improve the sealing performance. Hereinafter, this configuration will be described in detail.

  As shown in FIG. 4, step portions 70 </ b> A and 70 </ b> B constituting contact surfaces with the main bearing 7 </ b> A and the sub-bearing 7 </ b> B are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the cylinder 41. Then, the groove 61 is formed by cutting in the lower step portion 70B on the cylinder 41 side in the contact surface between the sub bearing 7B and the cylinder 41, and the step portion 70B and the sub bearing 7B come into contact with each other. One end 60 </ b> A opens on the inner side surface 49 of the sub-bearing 7 </ b> B cylinder 41, and an oil passage 60 is formed in the oil 8 stored in the sealed container 1. The other end 60 </ b> B opens. When the main bearing 7A is immersed in the oil 8, the oil passage 60 may be configured by forming a groove 61 on the cylinder 41 side in the contact surface between the main bearing 7A and the cylinder 41.

  One end 60A of the oil passage 60 is formed so as to open to the cylinder inner surface 49 of the low-pressure chamber side 43A in order to inject the oil 8 into the compression chamber 43 during the step of sucking the refrigerant into the compression chamber 43. 3, one end 60A of the oil passage 60 has a predetermined angle θ1 to θ2 (θ1: 0 °, θ2: 170) with reference to a reference line L connecting the suction port 48 and the center point O of the cylinder 41. It is formed so as to open in the range of ° (more preferably θ1: 125 °, θ2: 165 °) (about 125 ° in the illustrated example).

Since the refrigerant discharge pressure (for example, 3 MPa) is acting on the oil 8 in the sealed container 1 under the above configuration, the high pressure oil 8 is applied to the internal pressure (for example, 1 on the low pressure chamber side 43A of the compression chamber 43). .1 MPa) is injected into the low pressure chamber side 43 </ b> A of the compression chamber 43 of the cylinder 41 via the oil passage 60.
Therefore, the oil 8 is injected into the compression chamber 43 during the refrigerant suction process, and a sufficient oil film is formed between the cylinder inner surface 49 and the roller 45 by the oil 8 to improve the sealing performance. As a result, the low pressure chamber side 43A and the high pressure chamber side 43B are more reliably separated in the compression chamber 43 of the cylinder 41, so that the refrigerant sucked into the low pressure chamber side 43A is compressed into the high pressure chamber side 43B (compression In the step), leakage of the compressed refrigerant to the low-pressure chamber side 43A is prevented, and the compression efficiency of the refrigerant is increased, so that the cooling efficiency of the hermetic rotary compressor 100 is improved.

Further, in the present embodiment, the amount of oil injected into the compression chamber 43 is adjusted by adjusting the cross-sectional area D of the oil passage 60 that opens to the cylinder inner surface 49 (that is, the cross-sectional area of the groove 61). At this time, the cross-sectional area D of the oil passage 60 is determined so that the ratio R (= D / V) of the displacement volume of the compression chamber 43 to V falls within a predetermined range. In detail, when the ratio R is too small, the oil passage 60 becomes too narrow and the oil 8 is not injected into the compression chamber 43. On the contrary, when the ratio R is too large. If the oil 8 is excessively injected into the compression chamber 43, liquid compression occurs. Therefore, it is desirable to keep the ratio R in the range of 0.004 to 0.03 (mm ² / cc), thereby preventing liquid compression due to excessive injection of the oil 8 and preventing the cylinder inner surface 49 and the roller from being compressed. The sealing property between 45 is improved.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the compression passage 43 between the cylinder 41 and the roller 45 is provided with the oil passage 60 that guides the oil 8 in the sealed container 1 during the suction process. An oil film is formed between the cylinder 41 and the roller 45 by the oil 8 injected into the chamber 43, and the sealing performance is improved. Therefore, the refrigerant is prevented from leaking to the low pressure chamber side 43A during the compression process in the compression chamber 43, so that the compression efficiency is increased, and thus the cooling efficiency of the hermetic compressor 100 can be increased.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the ratio of the cross-sectional area D of the main oil passage 64 constituting the oil passage 62 and the excluded volume V of the compression chamber 43 is set within a predetermined range. The sealing performance between the cylinder inner surface 49 and the roller 45A can be enhanced while preventing liquid compression due to injection.

In particular, according to the present embodiment, since the groove 61 is provided on the cylinder 41 side in the contact surface between the sub-bearing 7B and the cylinder 41 to form the oil passage 60, the sub-bearing 7B and the cylinder 41 are fixed. The amount of oil as designed can be injected into the compression chamber 43 without being affected by the deviation that occurs. More specifically, when a groove is provided on the side of the sub-bearing 7B in the contact surface between the sub-bearing 7B and the cylinder 41 to form an oil passage, one end of the oil passage opens at the bottom surface of the compression chamber 43. At this time, when the auxiliary bearing 7B is fixed to the cylinder 41 with a bolt or the like, a positional deviation is likely to occur. As a result, the opening area of the oil passage on the compression chamber 43 side deviates from the design value, and the injection amount of the oil 8 is designed It will deviate from the value.
On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, since the groove 61 is provided on the cylinder 41 side, even if a displacement occurs when the auxiliary bearing 7B is fixed to the cylinder 41 with a bolt or the like, the oil passage The opening area on the compression chamber 43 side of 60 can be kept constant, so that the amount of oil injected into the compression chamber 43 can be made as designed.

The above-described embodiments merely show one aspect of the present invention, and can be arbitrarily modified within the scope of the present invention.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the hermetic rotary compressor 100 including one cylinder 41 is illustrated. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the present invention is also applied to the hermetic rotary compressor 100 having two cylinders. It is possible.

  More specifically, in the configuration having two cylinders, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the cylinders 41A and 41B are vertically moved with a plate-like partition plate 42 sandwiched between the main bearing 7A and the sub-bearing 7B. The upper opening surface of the upper cylinder 41A is closed to the main bearing 7A, the lower opening surface is closed by the partition plate 42, and the lower opening surface of the lower cylinder 41B is connected to the sub-bearing 7B. The upper opening surface is closed by the partition plate 42, and the compression chamber 43 is formed in the cylinders 41A and 41B. The rotary compression elements 4 such as the cylinders 41A and 41B and the rollers 45 are fixed by welding the main bearing 7A or the upper cylinder 41A (cylinder 41A in the illustrated example) to the hermetic container 1, and are stored in the hermetic container 1. Soaked in oil 8

  As shown in FIG. 6, step portions 71A constituting contact surfaces with the main bearing 7A and the partition plate 42 are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the upper cylinder 41A, and the upper and lower surfaces of the lower cylinder 41B are respectively formed. Is formed with a stepped portion 71B that constitutes a contact surface with the auxiliary bearing 7B and the partition plate 42. In the upper cylinder 41A, the groove 61 constituting the oil passage 60 is formed in the lower step portion 71A on the cylinder 41A side in the contact surface between the partition plate 42 and the cylinder 41A. In the cylinder 41B, the groove 61 constituting the oil passage 60 is formed in the upper step portion 71B on the cylinder 41B side in the contact surface between the partition plate 42 and the cylinder 41B. Thus, during the suction process, the oil 8 is injected into the compression chambers 43 of the cylinders 41A and 41B via the oil passages 60, and the sealing performance between the roller 45 and the cylinders 41A and 41B is improved.

It is a longitudinal section showing one mode of a hermetic rotary compressor concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows a rotation compression element. It is a top view of a cylinder. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows an oil path. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the rotary compression element of a sealed rotary compressor provided with two cylinders. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows an oil path.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sealed container 2 Electric element 4 Rotation compression element 7A Main bearing 7B Sub bearing 8 Oil 41, 41A, 41B Cylinder 43 Compression chamber 43A Low pressure chamber side 43B High pressure chamber side 45A, 45B Roller 46 Vane 48 Suction port 60 Oil path 61 Groove

Claims (3)

In a hermetic compressor in which an electric element and a rotary compression element driven by a rotating shaft of the electric element are accommodated in a sealed container,
The rotary compression element includes a cylinder disposed between two bearings that support the rotary shaft, and a roller that is provided in the cylinder and rotates eccentrically by the rotary shaft;
The amount of oil that can be immersed in the rotary compression element is stored in the sealed container, and a groove is provided on the cylinder side in the contact surface between the bearing and the cylinder so that the oil is placed between the cylinder and the roller. A hermetic compressor characterized in that an oil passage leading to the suction chamber is formed in the compression chamber. In a hermetic compressor in which an electric element and a rotary compression element driven by a rotating shaft of the electric element are accommodated in a sealed container,
Two cylinders arranged with a plate-like member sandwiched between two bearings on which the rotary compression element supports the rotary shaft, and a roller provided in each of the cylinders and eccentrically rotated by the rotary shaft And
An amount of oil that the rotary compression element is immersed in is stored in the sealed container, and a groove is provided on a cylinder side in a contact surface between the plate member and each of the two cylinders, and the oil is supplied to the cylinder. An oil passage is formed in the compression chamber between the roller and the roller and led to the suction process. 3. The hermetic compressor according to claim 1, wherein the groove is provided so that a ratio between a cross-sectional area of the oil passage and an excluded volume of the compression chamber is within a predetermined range.

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