JP2006283211A - Method for bleaching chemical pulp - Google Patents

Method for bleaching chemical pulp Download PDF

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JP2006283211A
JP2006283211A JP2005102558A JP2005102558A JP2006283211A JP 2006283211 A JP2006283211 A JP 2006283211A JP 2005102558 A JP2005102558 A JP 2005102558A JP 2005102558 A JP2005102558 A JP 2005102558A JP 2006283211 A JP2006283211 A JP 2006283211A
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bleaching
pulp
acid
treatment
photobleaching
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Shoichi Miyawaki
正一 宮脇
Kazuhiro Kurosu
一博 黒須
Takashi Ochi
隆 越智
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Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd
Jujo Paper Co Ltd
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Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd
Jujo Paper Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2005102558A priority Critical patent/JP2006283211A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2005/010521 priority patent/WO2005121442A1/en
Priority to CA2569848A priority patent/CA2569848C/en
Priority to EP05748560A priority patent/EP1790771A4/en
Priority to US11/628,961 priority patent/US20070246176A1/en
Priority to CN2005800255211A priority patent/CN1993518B/en
Publication of JP2006283211A publication Critical patent/JP2006283211A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for bleaching chemical pulp, by which at the previous stage of light bleaching, a bleaching stage used in an acid treatment and in an ordinary TCF (totally chlorine-free) bleaching is introduced or at the subsequent stage of light bleaching, an alkali hydrogen peroxide bleaching stage is introduced, the photoirradiation time of the light bleaching stage is significantly shortened, a TCF bleaching method having ≥84% final ISO brightness is developed and chemical pulp having a high brightness is obtained. <P>SOLUTION: In a pulp totally chlorine-free (TCF) bleaching, pulp delignified with oxygen is treated with an acid and bleached by a bleaching method used in an ordinary TCF bleaching is treated by light bleaching by an ultraviolet light at 100-400 nm wavelength or a visible light under an alkali condition or by both and bleached with an alkali and hydrogen peroxide. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、高白色度の化学パルプを得ることができる化学パルプの漂白方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a chemical pulp bleaching method capable of obtaining a high whiteness chemical pulp.

紙パルプ工場の漂白工程から排出される物質が環境に与える影響に関心が集まる中、従来の塩素若しくは塩素系薬品又はこれらの組み合わせを主に用いた漂白方法から、塩素を使わない非塩素(ECF)漂白や更に進んで塩素系薬品を全く使用しない完全無塩素(TCF)漂白が全世界的に主流となりつつある。このような背景から、ECF漂白やTCF漂白で使用される薬品としては、二酸化塩素や過酸化水素、酸素、オゾンなどの薬品類に限定されてきている。しかしながら、これらの薬品のみでは、組合せも自ずと限定されることもあり、漂白によって得られるパルプ品質、特に白色度には限界があり、あるいはそれを得るためには高価な薬品を大量に使用しなければならない等の問題がでてきている。これらの問題を解決するために、これまでにない漂白性能に優れた非塩素系薬品、あるいは新たな漂白方法の開発が求められている。   While interest has been focused on the environmental impact of substances discharged from the pulp and paper mill bleaching process, bleach-free non-chlorine (ECF) using conventional chlorine, chlorine-based chemicals, or combinations of these mainly uses chlorine. ) Bleaching and more advanced chlorine-free (TCF) bleaching, which does not use any chlorinated chemicals, is becoming the mainstream worldwide. Against this background, chemicals used in ECF bleaching and TCF bleaching have been limited to chemicals such as chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, oxygen and ozone. However, with these chemicals alone, combinations may naturally be limited, and there is a limit to the pulp quality obtained by bleaching, especially whiteness, or a large amount of expensive chemicals must be used to obtain it. Problems such as having to come out have come out. In order to solve these problems, there has been a demand for the development of a non-chlorine chemical having an unprecedented bleaching performance or a new bleaching method.

従来からパルプに由来する各種の金属が酸素系漂白薬品の分解を促進し、酸素系漂白薬品を無駄に消費することが知られている。そこで、この金属を除去し、酸素系漂白薬品の漂白効率を高める技術として、比較的低温の酸処理若しくはキレート剤処理又はこれらの組み合わせた処理などが提示されている。この酸処理の技術として、リグノセルロース材料から製造されたパルプを酸素漂白によって脱リグニンする方法において、まず、パルプに亜硝酸塩及び酸を添加してパルプを前処理し、続いて酸素漂白を行う漂白方法、あるいは蒸解処理された化学パルプに対して、酸処理を行った後、アルカリ性媒体中で過酸化物と加圧酸素による脱リグニンを行う漂白方法が開示されている(例えば、特許文献1、特許文献2)。また、このほか、蒸解処理された化学パルプに対して、高温高圧酸素漂白処理を行い、次いで酸処理またはキレート剤処理を行った後、アルカリ性媒体中で過酸化物、または過酸化水素と酸素により脱リグニン・漂白を行う漂白方法が開示されている(例えば、特許文献3)。   Conventionally, it is known that various metals derived from pulp accelerate the decomposition of oxygen bleaching chemicals and waste oxygen bleaching chemicals. Therefore, as a technique for removing this metal and increasing the bleaching efficiency of oxygen-based bleaching chemicals, a relatively low-temperature acid treatment, a chelating agent treatment, or a combination thereof has been proposed. In this method of acid treatment, a pulp produced from lignocellulosic material is delignified by oxygen bleaching. First, nitrite and acid are added to the pulp to pretreat the pulp, followed by oxygen bleaching. Or a bleaching method in which delignification with peroxide and pressurized oxygen is performed in an alkaline medium after acid treatment is applied to the chemical pulp or the digested chemical pulp (for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2). In addition, after the digested chemical pulp is subjected to high-temperature and high-pressure oxygen bleaching treatment, followed by acid treatment or chelating agent treatment, it is treated with peroxide or hydrogen peroxide and oxygen in an alkaline medium. A bleaching method for performing delignification and bleaching is disclosed (for example, Patent Document 3).

また、ECFまたはTCF漂白パルプの退色に係わる物質に関する最近の新たな知見として、従来のリグニンやその変性物以外にヘキセンウロン酸が関与していることが知られ出している。このヘキセンウロン酸は、蒸解工程においてヘミセルロース中のメチルグルクロン酸から脱メチルすることで生成する。このヘキセンウロン酸はパルプの退色性に関与していると言われている。このヘキセンウロン酸を除去する方法の一つとして、比較的高温の酸処理技術が提示されている。これは、漂白前のパルプを高温、かつ酸性条件下で処理することにより、このヘキセンウロン酸およびリグニン変性物を酸加水分解し除去するものである。例えば、硫酸塩法またはアルカリ法によって製造したセルロースパルプの懸濁液を加熱し、約85〜150℃、約pH2〜5で処理し、セルロースパルプ中のヘキセンウロン酸の少なくとも約50%を除去し、パルプのカッパー価を2〜9単位減少させる技術が開示されている(特許文献4参照。)。   Moreover, it is known that hexeneuronic acid is involved in addition to conventional lignin and its modified products as recent new findings regarding substances related to fading of ECF or TCF bleached pulp. This hexeneuronic acid is produced by demethylation from methyl glucuronic acid in hemicellulose in the cooking process. This hexeneuronic acid is said to be involved in the fading of the pulp. As one method for removing hexeneuronic acid, a relatively high-temperature acid treatment technique has been proposed. In this method, the hexeneuronic acid and the lignin-modified product are removed by acid hydrolysis by treating the unbleached pulp under high temperature and acidic conditions. For example, a suspension of cellulose pulp produced by the sulfate or alkaline process is heated and treated at about 85-150 ° C. and about pH 2-5 to remove at least about 50% of hexeneuronic acid in the cellulose pulp, A technique for reducing the kappa number of pulp by 2 to 9 units is disclosed (see Patent Document 4).

また、光照射を利用する漂白技術として、未晒クラフトパルプの過酸化水素漂白において紫外光を照射する技術(例えば、非特許文献1、あるいは特許文献5参照)、あるいは未晒クラフトパルプの酸素漂白において紫外光を照射する技術(例えば、非特許文献2、参照参照)が開示されている。さらに、通常のアルカリ性過酸化水素漂白を促進する前処理として過酸化物共存下で紫外光を照射する技術(例えば、特許文献6参照)が開示されている。   Moreover, as a bleaching technique using light irradiation, a technique of irradiating ultraviolet light in hydrogen peroxide bleaching of unbleached kraft pulp (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 5), or oxygen bleaching of unbleached kraft pulp Discloses a technique for irradiating ultraviolet light (for example, see Non-Patent Document 2). Furthermore, a technique of irradiating ultraviolet light in the presence of peroxide as a pretreatment for promoting normal alkaline hydrogen peroxide bleaching (see, for example, Patent Document 6) is disclosed.

また、還元剤を用いるパルプの漂白方法において紫外光若しくは可視光又はこれらを併用した光を照射する技術(特許文献7参照)、あるいは酸化剤としてROOR’で示される有機過酸化物の存在下、紫外光若しくは可視光又はこれらを併用した光を照射する技術(特許文献8参照)、が開示されている。
特許第2895977号公報 特開平6−101186号公報 特開平6−158573号公報 特表平10−508346号公報 特開2002−88673号公報 特開平6−128890号公報 特開2002−88671号公報 特開2002−88672号公報 B.Marccia,et al.J34〜J39、JOURNAL OF PULP AND PAPER SCIENCE:Vol.17,No.2,March 1991 J.Abbot,et al.p198〜202、Appita Vol.46,No.3,May 1993
Moreover, in the bleaching method of pulp using a reducing agent, a technique of irradiating ultraviolet light or visible light or light using these in combination (see Patent Document 7), or in the presence of an organic peroxide represented by ROOR ′ as an oxidizing agent, A technique for irradiating ultraviolet light, visible light, or light using a combination thereof (see Patent Document 8) is disclosed.
Japanese Patent No. 2895977 JP-A-6-101186 JP-A-6-158573 Japanese National Patent Publication No. 10-508346 JP 2002-88673 A JP-A-6-128890 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-88671 JP 2002-88672 A B. Marccia, et al. J34 ~ J39, JOURNAL OF PULP AND PAPER SCIENCE: Vol.17, No.2, March 1991 J. Abbot, et al. p198 ~ 202, Appita Vol.46, No.3, May 1993

本発明の課題は、光漂白前段に酸処理および通常のTCF漂白で使用される漂白段を、また光漂白後段にアルカリ性過酸化水素漂白段を導入することで、光漂白段の光照射時間を大幅に短縮し、最終ISO白色度84%以上とするTCF漂白法を開発することにある。   The object of the present invention is to reduce the light irradiation time of the photobleaching stage by introducing a bleaching stage used in acid treatment and normal TCF bleaching before the photobleaching and an alkaline hydrogen peroxide bleaching stage after the photobleaching. The goal is to develop a TCF bleaching method that will be significantly shortened and achieve a final ISO brightness of 84% or higher.

本発明者らは、鋭意検討の結果、パルプの完全無塩素(TCF)漂白において、酸素脱リグニン処理したパルプを酸処理後、通常のTCF漂白で使用される漂白方法により漂白したパルプを、アルカリ性条件下で波長100〜400nmの紫外光若しくは可視光又はこれらの併用による光漂白処理を行った後、アルカリ性過酸化水素漂白を行うことが、非常に効率の良い漂白方法であることを見出したものである。   As a result of intensive studies, the inventors of the present invention have determined that a pulp that has been subjected to oxygen delignification treatment in a complete chlorine-free (TCF) bleaching of pulp and then bleached by a bleaching method used in ordinary TCF bleaching is treated with alkaline. It was found that performing bleaching with ultraviolet light or visible light with a wavelength of 100 to 400 nm under the conditions, or a combination thereof, followed by alkaline hydrogen peroxide bleaching is a very efficient bleaching method. It is.

本発明の化学パルプの漂白方法を使用することにより、高白色度の化学パルプを得ることができる。   By using the chemical pulp bleaching method of the present invention, a high whiteness chemical pulp can be obtained.

本発明の漂白方法の対象となるパルプは、クラフト蒸解を行い、酸素脱リグニン処理した化学パルプである。また、パルプ原料としては、特に限定するものではなく、広葉樹木材あるいは針葉樹木材の他、ケナフ、麻、イネ、バカス、竹等の植物でも良い。   The pulp to be subjected to the bleaching method of the present invention is a chemical pulp that has been subjected to kraft cooking and oxygen delignification treatment. The pulp raw material is not particularly limited, and plants such as kenaf, hemp, rice, bacus, and bamboo may be used in addition to hardwood wood or softwood wood.

本発明のパルプ漂白方法は、上記酸素脱リグニン処理したパルプを、酸処理後、通常のTCF漂白で使用される漂白方法により漂白したパルプを、アルカリ性条件下で波長100〜400nmの紫外光若しくは可視光又はこれらの併用による光照射処理を行った後、アルカリ性過酸化水素漂白を行う。   In the pulp bleaching method of the present invention, the above-mentioned oxygen delignified pulp is subjected to acid treatment and then bleached by a bleaching method used in ordinary TCF bleaching, and is subjected to ultraviolet light or visible light having a wavelength of 100 to 400 nm under alkaline conditions. After performing light irradiation treatment with light or a combination thereof, alkaline hydrogen peroxide bleaching is performed.

なお、本発明で適用される通常のTCF漂白とは、酸素、オゾン、過酸化水素、過酢酸といった塩素を含有しない酸化剤による漂白、あるいは酵素漂白である。
本発明の酸処理に使用する酸の種類は、無機酸でも有機酸でも良い。無機酸としては、硫酸、塩酸、硝酸、亜硫酸、亜硝酸、リン酸、二酸化塩素発生装置の残留酸などの鉱酸を使用できる。好適には、硫酸である。有機酸としては、酢酸、乳酸、蓚酸、クエン酸、蟻酸などを使用できる。酸処理時のpHは、1〜6の範囲であり、好ましくは1〜5、更に好ましくは2〜5、最適には2.5〜3.5である。pHが1未満の場合はヘキセンウロン酸等と有害金属の除去は充分であるが、酸が過剰であるため粘度低下が大きくなる。一方、pHが6を超えると酸濃度が低く、ヘキセンウロン酸等と有害金属の除去が不十分となる。ヘキセンウロン酸の多い広葉樹パルプの場合、酸処理時のpHを2.5〜3.5とすると、酸処理の温度を下げることが可能であり、酸処理コストを低減できるという効果が生じてくる。

酸処理は大気圧下、加圧下のいずれでも実施可能であり、処理温度としては80℃〜180℃、好ましくは80℃〜130℃である。温度が80℃未満では金属除去の面では効果はあるが、ヘキセンウロン酸等の除去効果がない。なお、100℃未満であれば耐圧性の反応容器を必要としないので設備コスト的に有利である。
The normal TCF bleaching applied in the present invention is bleaching with an oxidizing agent containing no chlorine such as oxygen, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and peracetic acid, or enzyme bleaching.
The acid used for the acid treatment of the present invention may be an inorganic acid or an organic acid. As the inorganic acid, mineral acids such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfurous acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, and residual acid of chlorine dioxide generator can be used. Sulfuric acid is preferred. As the organic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, formic acid and the like can be used. The pH during the acid treatment is in the range of 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 2 to 5, and most preferably 2.5 to 3.5. When the pH is less than 1, the removal of hexeneuronic acid and the like and harmful metals is sufficient, but since the acid is excessive, the viscosity decreases greatly. On the other hand, when the pH exceeds 6, the acid concentration is low, and the removal of hexeneuronic acid and the like and harmful metals becomes insufficient. In the case of hardwood pulp rich in hexeneuronic acid, if the pH during acid treatment is 2.5 to 3.5, the temperature of the acid treatment can be lowered, and the effect of reducing the acid treatment cost is produced.

The acid treatment can be carried out under atmospheric pressure or under pressure, and the treatment temperature is 80 ° C. to 180 ° C., preferably 80 ° C. to 130 ° C. If the temperature is less than 80 ° C., the metal removal is effective, but there is no removal effect of hexeneuronic acid or the like. In addition, if it is less than 100 degreeC, since a pressure-resistant reaction container is not required, it is advantageous at an equipment cost.

酸処理時のパルプ濃度は、0.1〜50重量%の範囲であり、好ましくは1〜30重量%、更に好ましくは2〜20重量%である。
ヘキセンウロン酸等と有害金属の除去効果は、酸処理時のpH、反応温度、及び反応時間で決定される。これより、反応時間は他の2条件に合わせて適宜設定されるが、反応温度90℃での反応時間1.5〜6時間、反応温度95℃での反応時間50分間〜5時間、反応温度100℃での反応時間30分間〜4.5時間、反応温度120〜130℃での反応時間5〜50分間が典型とされている。
The pulp concentration during the acid treatment is in the range of 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably 1 to 30% by weight, and more preferably 2 to 20% by weight.
The effect of removing hexeneuronic acid and the like and harmful metals is determined by the pH during the acid treatment, the reaction temperature, and the reaction time. From this, the reaction time is appropriately set according to the other two conditions, but the reaction time at a reaction temperature of 90 ° C. is 1.5 to 6 hours, the reaction temperature at a reaction temperature of 95 ° C. is 50 minutes to 5 hours, and the reaction temperature is 100 ° C. The reaction time is typically 30 minutes to 4.5 hours, and the reaction time is 120 to 130 ° C. for 5 to 50 minutes.

また、酸性条件下で行われるオゾン漂白も、本発明の対象とする酸処理の一形態であり、通常のオゾン漂白の条件が適用できる。本発明で適用されるオゾン漂白の条件は、オゾン濃度1〜20重量%のオゾンガスを用いて、pH1〜7、パルプ濃度0.1〜50重量%、温度は25〜95℃が好適である。また、処理時の圧力については負圧の状態から加圧された状態まで特に限定されない。   In addition, ozone bleaching performed under acidic conditions is one form of acid treatment targeted by the present invention, and normal ozone bleaching conditions can be applied. The ozone bleaching conditions used in the present invention are preferably ozone gas having an ozone concentration of 1 to 20% by weight, pH of 1 to 7, pulp concentration of 0.1 to 50% by weight, and temperature of 25 to 95 ° C. Further, the pressure during the treatment is not particularly limited from a negative pressure state to a pressurized state.

なお、酸処理に際しては、エチレンジアミン四酢酸(EDTA)、ジエチレントリアミン五酢酸(DTPA)等のキレート剤を併用することにより、光照射処理における更に大きな漂白反応促進効果が得られる。   In the acid treatment, a greater bleaching reaction promoting effect in the light irradiation treatment can be obtained by using a chelating agent such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) together.

酸処理の結果、その後の紫外光若しくは可視光又はこれらの併用による光照射処理において漂白効果が促進される理由は明白ではないが、パルプ中の残留リグニンと金属イオン、特に鉄イオンとが金属錯体を形成し、これが光照射処理によって着色化する。従って、酸処理によって金属イオンを除去することによって光照射処理による漂白効果が向上すると推察される。   The reason why the bleaching effect is promoted in the subsequent light irradiation treatment by ultraviolet light or visible light or a combination thereof as a result of the acid treatment is not clear, but the residual lignin in the pulp and metal ions, particularly iron ions, are metal complexes. This is colored by the light irradiation treatment. Therefore, it is presumed that the bleaching effect by the light irradiation treatment is improved by removing the metal ions by the acid treatment.

光漂白前段でISO白色度を70〜75%とするのに使用されるTCF漂白としてオゾン漂白、過酸化水素漂白等を単独または併用して使用できる。
オゾン漂白は、通常のオゾン漂白の条件が適用できる。すなわち、オゾン漂白の条件は、オゾン濃度1〜20重量%のオゾンガスを用いて、pH1〜8、パルプ濃度0.1〜50重量%、温度25〜95℃、の範囲で処理すればよい。また、オゾン漂白時の圧力については負圧の状態から加圧された状態まで特に限定されない。
Ozone bleaching, hydrogen peroxide bleaching, or the like can be used alone or in combination as TCF bleaching used to adjust the ISO whiteness to 70 to 75% before photobleaching.
For ozone bleaching, normal ozone bleaching conditions can be applied. That is, ozone bleaching conditions may be processed in the range of pH 1 to 8, pulp concentration 0.1 to 50% by weight, temperature 25 to 95 ° C. using ozone gas having an ozone concentration of 1 to 20% by weight. Further, the pressure during ozone bleaching is not particularly limited from a negative pressure state to a pressurized state.

過酸化水素漂白は、通常のアルカリ性過酸化水素漂白の条件が適用できる。すなわち、アルカリ性過酸化水素漂白は、過酸化水素の添加率が対パルプ0.1〜2.0重量%、pH11〜13、パルプ濃度0.1〜50重量%、温度50〜95℃、の範囲で処理すればよい。   The conditions for normal alkaline hydrogen peroxide bleaching can be applied to the hydrogen peroxide bleaching. That is, the alkaline hydrogen peroxide bleaching may be performed in a range of hydrogen peroxide addition rate of 0.1 to 2.0% by weight, pH 11 to 13, pulp concentration of 0.1 to 50% by weight, and temperature of 50 to 95 ° C.

本発明において、酸処理及び各漂白処理の後に、処理パルプの脱水若しくは洗浄又はこれらを組み合わせた処理を行うが、これらはパルプ製造において公知の脱水機または洗浄機を用いることができる。また、洗浄には新水のほか、酸処理以降の漂白工程で発生する漂白排水や抄紙工程から発生する抄紙排水等を使用することができる。   In the present invention, after the acid treatment and each bleaching treatment, the treated pulp is subjected to dehydration or washing or a combination thereof, and these can be used in a pulp production by a known dehydrator or washing machine. In addition to fresh water, bleaching wastewater generated in the bleaching process after the acid treatment, papermaking wastewater generated from the papermaking process, and the like can be used for washing.

本発明においては、前記酸処理したパルプに対して、アルカリ性条件下で波長100〜400nmの紫外光若しくは可視光又はこれらを併用して照射して光漂白を行う。アルカリ性条件としては、pHとして10〜13が好ましい。広葉樹パルプを処理とする場合には、pH10〜12が、また針葉樹パルプを処理とする場合には、pH11〜13が特に好ましい。なお、このpH調整のために使用するアルカリとしては、通常のアルカリ性薬剤が使用可能であるが、取扱い易さ等の点から水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、珪酸ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウムが好ましい。   In the present invention, the acid-treated pulp is subjected to photobleaching by irradiating with ultraviolet light or visible light having a wavelength of 100 to 400 nm or a combination thereof under alkaline conditions. As alkaline conditions, 10-13 are preferable as pH. When treating hardwood pulp, pH 10-12 is particularly preferred, and when treating softwood pulp, pH 11-13 is particularly preferred. In addition, as an alkali used for this pH adjustment, although a normal alkaline chemical | medical agent can be used, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium silicate, and sodium carbonate are preferable from points, such as easiness of handling.

本発明の光漂白処理時の、パルプ濃度は0.1〜12重量%が好ましい。0.1重量%未満では漂白反応効率は高くなるものの、エネルギー効率が低下するため好ましくない。12重量%を超える場合には、照射装置内でのパルプスラリ−の流動性が悪くなるため、漂白反応効率が低下するため好ましくない。   The pulp concentration during the photobleaching treatment of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 12% by weight. If it is less than 0.1% by weight, the efficiency of the bleaching reaction is increased, but the energy efficiency is lowered, which is not preferable. If it exceeds 12% by weight, the fluidity of the pulp slurry in the irradiating device is deteriorated, so that the bleaching reaction efficiency is lowered, which is not preferable.

また、光漂白処理時の、パルプスラリーの温度は20〜95℃が好ましい。20℃未満では漂白反応効率が低く、一方、95℃を超える場合には、パルプ品質悪化の可能性がでてくることや、あるいは反応装置内圧力が大気圧を超える可能性がでてくるため、耐圧性を考慮した装置設計が必要となるなど点で、いずれも好ましくない。   Further, the temperature of the pulp slurry during the photobleaching treatment is preferably 20 to 95 ° C. If the temperature is lower than 20 ° C, the bleaching reaction efficiency is low. On the other hand, if the temperature exceeds 95 ° C, the pulp quality may deteriorate or the pressure inside the reactor may exceed atmospheric pressure. Neither is preferable in that a device design considering pressure resistance is required.

光漂白において、照射する光の波長としては、100〜400nmの波長が好ましいが、200〜360nmの波長が特に好ましい。100nm未満の波長では、セルロースの光分解が促進されるためパルプ強度が著しく低下し、また、400nmを超える波長では、光着色物質の光励起が不十分であるため光漂白性が大幅に低下するので、いずれも好ましくない。   In the photobleaching, the wavelength of light to be irradiated is preferably from 100 to 400 nm, particularly preferably from 200 to 360 nm. If the wavelength is less than 100 nm, the photodegradation of cellulose is promoted, so that the pulp strength is remarkably reduced.If the wavelength exceeds 400 nm, the photobleaching property is significantly reduced because photoexcitation of the photochromic substance is insufficient. Neither is preferred.

照射する光源としては、100〜400nmの波長領域の光を有するものが使用でき、具体的には、キセノンショートアークランプ、超高圧水銀ランプ、高圧水銀ランプ、低圧水銀ランプ、重水素ランプ、メタルハライドランプ等が一例として挙げられ、これらの1種あるいは2種以上を任意に組合せて使用することができる。   As a light source to irradiate, light having a wavelength range of 100 to 400 nm can be used. Specifically, a xenon short arc lamp, an ultra high pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp, a low pressure mercury lamp, a deuterium lamp, a metal halide lamp. These are given as an example, and one or more of these can be used in any combination.

また、本発明の光漂白処理において助剤として、還元剤(NaBH、ヒドラジン、水素)、酸化剤(酸素、オゾン、二酸化チタン)、過酸化物(過酸化水素、過酢酸、過炭酸Na、過ホウ酸Na)を併用して、光漂白反応の効率を高めることができる。 Further, as an auxiliary in the photobleaching treatment of the present invention, a reducing agent (NaBH 4 , hydrazine, hydrogen), an oxidizing agent (oxygen, ozone, titanium dioxide), a peroxide (hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, sodium percarbonate, In combination with Na (borate), the efficiency of the photobleaching reaction can be increased.

本発明において、酸処理後、通常のTCF漂白によってISO白色度を70〜75%まで予め向上させておくことで、光漂白時間を大幅に短縮できる結果、光漂白に要する電力費を大幅に削減できる。さらに、光漂白により白色度を5%以上向上させることでISO白色度を75〜80%にした後、最終漂白段で過酸化水素漂白を行うと、過酸化水素漂白反応が促進されるため、効率良くISO白色度84%以上のパルプが得られる。光漂白前のTCF漂白で白色度を75%より高くするには、薬品添加量を増やしつつ厳しい反応条件(高温、長時間)で処理する必要があり、漂白コストとパルプ品質の観点から好ましくない。一方、光漂白前のISO白色度が80%より高いと、パルプ中に含まれる着色成分が極微量となり、光漂白の反応効率が顕著に悪化する。従って、漂白コストの観点から、光漂白ではなく、過酸化水素漂白で白色度を向上させるのは好ましい。TCF漂白後の白色度が70%より低い場合、パルプ中に含まれる着色成分が多いため、最終白色度を84%以上にするには、光漂白時間を長くする必要があり、電力費増を招く。また、光漂白後の白色度が75%より低い場合、パルプ中に比較的多く残存する難漂白性着色成分のため、過酸化水素漂白のみで最終白色度84%以上にするとは困難である。
In the present invention, after the acid treatment, the ISO whiteness is increased to 70 to 75% by ordinary TCF bleaching in advance, so that the photobleaching time can be significantly shortened and the power cost required for photobleaching is greatly reduced. it can. Furthermore, by increasing the whiteness by photobleaching by 5% or more to make the ISO whiteness 75 to 80% and then performing hydrogen peroxide bleaching in the final bleaching stage, the hydrogen peroxide bleaching reaction is promoted. A pulp having an ISO whiteness of 84% or more can be obtained efficiently. In order to increase the whiteness to more than 75% by TCF bleaching before photobleaching, it is necessary to process under severe reaction conditions (high temperature and long time) while increasing the amount of chemical added, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of bleaching cost and pulp quality. . On the other hand, if the ISO whiteness before photobleaching is higher than 80%, the amount of coloring components contained in the pulp becomes extremely small, and the photobleaching reaction efficiency is significantly deteriorated. Therefore, from the viewpoint of bleaching cost, it is preferable to improve whiteness by hydrogen peroxide bleaching rather than photobleaching. When the whiteness after TCF bleaching is lower than 70%, there are many colored components in the pulp. Therefore, to achieve a final whiteness of 84% or more, it is necessary to lengthen the photobleaching time and increase the power consumption. Invite. In addition, when the whiteness after photobleaching is lower than 75%, it is difficult to achieve a final whiteness of 84% or more only by hydrogen peroxide bleaching because of the relatively non-bleaching coloring component remaining in the pulp.

次に実施例に基づき、本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
<パルプのISO白色度の測定>
パルプの白色度測定:パルプを離解後、JIP P 8222に従って坪量60g/mのシートを作製し、JIS P 8148に準じてパルプのISO白色度を測定した。
<パルプ>
広葉樹の酸素脱リグニン後のクラフトパルプ(ISO白色度45.6%、日本製紙株式会社製)を用い、これにさらに酸処理−オゾン漂白を下記の条件で行ったものを、実施例及び比較例で使用した。
・酸処理:前記広葉樹の酸素脱リグニン後のクラフトパルプを、パルプ濃度10重量%、pH3.0(硫酸使用)温度95℃、処理時間180分で酸処理を行った。処理終了後、パルプを水洗した。この時のパルプのISO白色度は47.5%であった。
・オゾン漂白:前記酸処理後のパルプを、パルプ濃度10%、オゾン添加量7kg/(風乾パルプ1t)、温度50℃、処理時間30秒、pH2.5(硫酸使用)でオゾン漂白を行った。処理終了後、パルプを水洗した。この時のパルプのISO白色度は59.7%であった。
[実施例1]
前記オゾン漂白後のパルプを、さらに下記の条件で、過酸化水素漂白1−光漂白−過酸化水素漂白2の漂白シーケンスで漂白処理した。
・過酸化水素漂白1:パルプ濃度10重量%、pH11.5(水酸化ナトリウム使用)、温度75℃、処理時間90分で行った。処理終了後、パルプを水洗した。この時のパルプのISO白色度は75.0%であった。
・光漂白条件:過酸化水素漂白後のパルプを5g(絶乾重量)採り、パルプ濃度を0.25重量%とした後、水酸化ナトリウムを用いてpH11.5のパルプスラリーを調整した。これらのスラリーを2Lガラス製シリンダーに注入し、撹拌しながら、温度25℃、処理時間15分、254nmに主波長を持つ16W低圧紫外線ランプ(日本フォトサイエンス社製AY−1)で光照射反応を行った。処理終了後、パルプを水洗した。この時のパルプのISO白色度は78.5%であった。
・過酸化水素漂白2:光漂白処理後のパルプを上記過酸化水素漂白1と同じ条件で処理した。最終的にISO白色度は85.0%であった。
[実施例2]
光漂白において処理時間を30分とした以外は、実施例1と同じ条件で漂白処理した。光漂白後のISO白色度は80.0%であった。得られた光漂白処理後のパルプを上記過酸化水素漂白2の条件で処理した。最終的にISO白色度は86.1%であった。
[実施例3]
過酸化水素漂白1において処理時間を45分とした以外は、実施例1と同じ条件で処理した。過酸化水素漂白1後のISO白色度は71.0%であった。光漂白後のISO白色度は74.5%であった。得られたパルプを上記過酸化水素漂白2と同じ条件で処理した。最終的にISO白色度は84.1%であった。
[実施例4]
前記オゾン漂白後パルプを、光漂白−過酸化水素漂白の漂白シーケンスで漂白処理した。光漂白は処理時間を60分とした以外は実施例1と同じ条件で実施した。光漂白後の白色度は75.4%であった。得られたパルプを実施例1の過酸化水素漂白2と同じ条件で処理した。最終的にISO白色度は84.3%であった。
[実施例5]
光漂白の処理時間を120分とした以外は実施例4と同じ条件で実施した。光漂白後のISO白色度は81.8%であった。得られたパルプを実施例1の過酸化水素漂白2と同じ条件で処理した。最終的にISO白色度は85.2%であった。

[実施例6]
過酸化水素漂白1において処理時間を30分とした以外は、実施例1と同じ条件で処理した。過酸化水素漂白1後のISO白色度は68.2%であった。光漂白後のISO白色度は72.3%であった。得られたパルプを上記過酸化水素漂白2と同じ条件で処理した。最終的にISO白色度は81.7%であった。
[比較例1]
前記オゾン漂白後パルプを、過酸化水素漂白1−過酸化水素漂白2の漂白シーケンスで漂白処理した。光漂白処理をしないこと以外は、実施例1と同じ条件で漂白処理した。最終的にISO白色度は79.3%であった。
[比較例2]
前記オゾン漂白後パルプを、過酸化水素漂白1−光漂白の漂白シーケンスで漂白処理した。光漂白は処理時間を60分とした以外は、実施例と同じ条件で処理した。過酸化水素漂白1は実施例1と同じ条件で漂白処理した。最終的にISO白色度は83.3%であった。
[比較例3]
前記オゾン漂白後パルプを、過酸化水素漂白1−光漂白−過酸化水素漂白2の漂白シーケンスで漂白処理した。光漂白をpH 4.0(硫酸酸性)で行った以外は、実施例1と同じ条件で漂白処理した。光漂白後の白色度は75.9%であった。得られたパルプを実施例1の過酸化水素漂白2と同じ条件で処理した。最終的にISO白色度は82.6%であった。
EXAMPLES Next, although this invention is demonstrated further in detail based on an Example, this invention is not limited to these.
<Measurement of ISO whiteness of pulp>
Pulp whiteness measurement: After the pulp was disaggregated, a sheet having a basis weight of 60 g / m 2 was prepared according to JIP P 8222, and the ISO whiteness of the pulp was measured according to JIS P 8148.
<Pulp>
Using kraft pulp after oxygen delignification of hardwood (ISO whiteness 45.6%, manufactured by Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.), which was further subjected to acid treatment-ozone bleaching under the following conditions, used in Examples and Comparative Examples did.
Acid treatment: The kraft pulp after oxygen delignification of the hardwood was acid-treated at a pulp concentration of 10% by weight, a pH of 3.0 (using sulfuric acid) at 95 ° C., and a treatment time of 180 minutes. After completion of the treatment, the pulp was washed with water. The ISO whiteness of the pulp at this time was 47.5%.
Ozone bleaching: The acid-treated pulp was subjected to ozone bleaching at a pulp concentration of 10%, an ozone addition amount of 7 kg / (1 t of air-dried pulp), a temperature of 50 ° C., a treatment time of 30 seconds, and a pH of 2.5 (using sulfuric acid). . After completion of the treatment, the pulp was washed with water. The ISO whiteness of the pulp at this time was 59.7%.
[Example 1]
The ozone-bleached pulp was further subjected to a bleaching treatment in a bleaching sequence of hydrogen peroxide bleaching 1-photobleaching-hydrogen peroxide bleaching 2 under the following conditions.
Hydrogen peroxide bleaching 1: The pulp concentration was 10% by weight, pH 11.5 (using sodium hydroxide), temperature 75 ° C., and processing time 90 minutes. After completion of the treatment, the pulp was washed with water. The ISO whiteness of the pulp at this time was 75.0%.
-Photobleaching conditions: 5 g (absolute dry weight) of the pulp after bleaching with hydrogen peroxide was taken to adjust the pulp concentration to 0.25 wt%, and then a pH 11.5 pulp slurry was prepared using sodium hydroxide. These slurries are poured into a 2L glass cylinder, and while stirring, a light irradiation reaction is performed with a 16W low-pressure ultraviolet lamp (AY-1 manufactured by Nippon Photoscience Co., Ltd.) having a main wavelength of 25 ° C., a processing time of 15 minutes, and 254 nm. went. After completion of the treatment, the pulp was washed with water. The ISO whiteness of the pulp at this time was 78.5%.
Hydrogen peroxide bleaching 2: The pulp after the photobleaching treatment was treated under the same conditions as the hydrogen peroxide bleaching 1 described above. Finally, the ISO whiteness was 85.0%.
[Example 2]
Bleaching was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the processing time was 30 minutes in photobleaching. The ISO whiteness after photobleaching was 80.0%. The obtained pulp after the photobleaching treatment was treated under the conditions of the hydrogen peroxide bleaching 2 described above. Finally, the ISO brightness was 86.1%.
[Example 3]
The treatment was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the treatment time in Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching 1 was 45 minutes. The ISO whiteness after hydrogen peroxide bleaching 1 was 71.0%. The ISO whiteness after photobleaching was 74.5%. The obtained pulp was treated under the same conditions as the hydrogen peroxide bleaching 2 described above. Finally, the ISO brightness was 84.1%.
[Example 4]
The pulp after ozone bleaching was bleached by a bleaching sequence of photobleaching-hydrogen peroxide bleaching. Photobleaching was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the treatment time was 60 minutes. The whiteness after photobleaching was 75.4%. The obtained pulp was treated under the same conditions as hydrogen peroxide bleaching 2 of Example 1. Finally, the ISO whiteness was 84.3%.
[Example 5]
The test was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 4 except that the photobleaching time was 120 minutes. The ISO whiteness after photobleaching was 81.8%. The obtained pulp was treated under the same conditions as hydrogen peroxide bleaching 2 of Example 1. Finally, the ISO brightness was 85.2%.

[Example 6]
The treatment was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the treatment time in hydrogen peroxide bleaching 1 was 30 minutes. The ISO whiteness after hydrogen peroxide bleaching 1 was 68.2%. The ISO whiteness after photobleaching was 72.3%. The obtained pulp was treated under the same conditions as the hydrogen peroxide bleaching 2 described above. The final ISO whiteness was 81.7%.
[Comparative Example 1]
The pulp after ozone bleaching was bleached by the bleaching sequence of hydrogen peroxide bleaching 1-hydrogen peroxide bleaching 2. Bleaching was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that no photobleaching was performed. Finally, the ISO brightness was 79.3%.
[Comparative Example 2]
The pulp after the ozone bleaching was bleached by a bleaching sequence of hydrogen peroxide bleaching 1-photobleaching. Photobleaching was performed under the same conditions as in the Examples except that the processing time was 60 minutes. Hydrogen peroxide bleaching 1 was bleached under the same conditions as in Example 1. Finally, the ISO whiteness was 83.3%.
[Comparative Example 3]
The pulp after ozone bleaching was bleached by a bleaching sequence of hydrogen peroxide bleaching 1-photobleaching-hydrogen peroxide bleaching 2. Bleaching was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that photobleaching was performed at pH 4.0 (sulfuric acid). The whiteness after photobleaching was 75.9%. The obtained pulp was treated under the same conditions as hydrogen peroxide bleaching 2 of Example 1. Finally, the ISO whiteness was 82.6%.

実施例1〜6、比較例1〜3の結果を表1に示した。   The results of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 1.

Figure 2006283211
Figure 2006283211

表1に示されるように、オゾン漂白後パルプを、過酸化水素漂白1−光漂白−過酸化水素漂白2に漂白シーケンスで処理することにより、高白色度のパルプが得られた。ただし、光漂白前のISO白色度が70%未満であるパルプを処理した実施例6では最終白色度がやや低かった。光漂白処理後に過酸化水素漂白処理をしない比較例2のシーケンスでは、ISO白色度を80%以上にするためには、光処理時間を大幅に増加する必要があった。また、光漂白処理後のpHが酸性である比較例3は実施例1に比較して、光漂白後の白色度、最終白色度はいずれも低かった。   As shown in Table 1, high-whiteness pulp was obtained by treating the pulp after ozone bleaching with hydrogen peroxide bleaching 1-photobleaching-hydrogen peroxide bleaching 2 in a bleaching sequence. However, the final whiteness was slightly low in Example 6 in which pulp having an ISO whiteness before photobleaching of less than 70% was treated. In the sequence of Comparative Example 2 in which the hydrogen peroxide bleaching treatment was not performed after the photobleaching treatment, it was necessary to significantly increase the phototreatment time in order to increase the ISO whiteness to 80% or more. Further, in Comparative Example 3 in which the pH after the photobleaching treatment was acidic, both the whiteness after the photobleaching and the final whiteness were lower than those in Example 1.

Claims (5)

酸素脱リグニン処理したパルプを酸処理後、通常のTCF漂白で使用される漂白方法により漂白したパルプを、アルカリ性条件下で波長100〜400nmの、紫外光若しくは可視光又はこれらの併用による光漂白処理を行った後、アルカリ性過酸化水素漂白を行うことを特徴とする化学パルプの完全無塩素(TCF)漂白方法。 Pulp bleached by the bleaching method used in ordinary TCF bleaching after acid-treated pulp after oxygen delignification is subjected to photobleaching treatment using 100-400 nm wavelength ultraviolet light or visible light, or a combination thereof under alkaline conditions A method for completely chlorine-free (TCF) bleaching of chemical pulp, characterized in that alkaline hydrogen peroxide bleaching is performed. 酸素脱リグニン処理したパルプを酸処理後、通常のTCF漂白で使用される漂白方法によりISO白色度70〜75%としたパルプを、アルカリ性条件下で波長100〜400nmの、紫外光若しくは可視光又はそれらの併用による光漂白処理を行ってISO白色度75〜80%にした後、さらにアルカリ性過酸化水素漂白を行ってISO白色度84%以上のパルプを得ることを特徴とする化学パルプの完全無塩素漂白方法。 After acid treatment of the oxygen delignified pulp, the pulp having an ISO whiteness of 70 to 75% by a bleaching method used in ordinary TCF bleaching is subjected to ultraviolet light or visible light having a wavelength of 100 to 400 nm under alkaline conditions. After the photobleaching treatment by using them in combination to obtain an ISO whiteness of 75-80%, an alkaline hydrogen peroxide bleaching is further carried out to obtain a pulp having an ISO whiteness of 84% or more. Chlorine bleaching method. 前記光漂白処理をpH10〜13の範囲で行うことを特徴とする請求項1ないし2記載の化学パルプの漂白方法。 3. The chemical pulp bleaching method according to claim 1, wherein the photobleaching treatment is carried out in the range of pH 10-13. 前記酸処理をpH1〜6、温度80℃以上の条件下で行うことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の化学パルプの漂白方法。 The chemical acid bleaching method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the acid treatment is performed under conditions of pH 1 to 6 and a temperature of 80 ° C or higher. 前記光漂白処理が、酸化剤、還元剤、過酸化物の群の中から選ばれた少なくとも1種類の化合物の存在下で行われることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の化学パルプの漂白方法。 The said photobleaching process is performed in presence of the at least 1 sort (s) of compound chosen from the group of an oxidizing agent, a reducing agent, and a peroxide, The Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. Chemical pulp bleaching method.
JP2005102558A 2004-06-08 2005-03-31 Method for bleaching chemical pulp Pending JP2006283211A (en)

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JP2005102558A JP2006283211A (en) 2005-03-31 2005-03-31 Method for bleaching chemical pulp
PCT/JP2005/010521 WO2005121442A1 (en) 2004-06-08 2005-06-08 Method for bleaching pulp
CA2569848A CA2569848C (en) 2004-06-08 2005-06-08 Pulp bleaching processes
EP05748560A EP1790771A4 (en) 2004-06-08 2005-06-08 Pulp bleaching processes
US11/628,961 US20070246176A1 (en) 2004-06-08 2005-06-08 Pulp Bleaching Processes
CN2005800255211A CN1993518B (en) 2004-06-08 2005-06-08 Pulp bleaching processes

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010513728A (en) * 2006-12-13 2010-04-30 アイティーティー・マニュファクチュアリング・エンタープライゼズ・インコーポレーテッド Process for bleaching chemical paper pulp by final ozone treatment at high temperature
JP2013198424A (en) * 2012-03-23 2013-10-03 Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd Treatment method of plant-based raw material

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010513728A (en) * 2006-12-13 2010-04-30 アイティーティー・マニュファクチュアリング・エンタープライゼズ・インコーポレーテッド Process for bleaching chemical paper pulp by final ozone treatment at high temperature
JP2013198424A (en) * 2012-03-23 2013-10-03 Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd Treatment method of plant-based raw material

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