JP2006280854A - Fire-fighting system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide fire-fighting system installed at a low cost without obstructing traffic, capable of preventing the spread of fire to a staircase when a fire breaks out in a building in the fire-fighting system to be installed in the staircase in a small-scale building. <P>SOLUTION: This fire-fighting system comprises a water supply pipe 7 provided on a wall face 6 inside the helical staircase 1, and extending in the vertical direction, and a side wall type head 5 branched from the water supply pipe 7 and sprinkling extinguishing water inside the staircase. A mist spray means spraying the extinguishing water mist inside the staircase when the fire breaks out other than the staircase 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention is a fire extinguishing equipment for extinguishing a fire in a staircase and a fire extinguishing equipment for preventing the spread of fire when a building becomes a fire.

Fire extinguishing equipment installed in a building is defined by the Fire Service Act depending on the size and use of the building, and includes indoor fire hydrant equipment and sprinkler equipment.

However, in small buildings where the Fire Service Act is not applied, only fire extinguishers are installed due to the high cost of installing fire extinguishing equipment.

When a fire breaks out in a small-scale building such as the above, if the staircase that is the evacuation route becomes inaccessible due to the fire, evacuation becomes difficult, and smoke and flames rise along the staircase and in an instant. It is feared that the fire will spread to the upper floors and people on the upper floors of the building will be delayed.

There is an invention described in Patent Document 1 for the purpose of extinguishing a fire in a staircase and making it possible to install a fire extinguishing device at low cost. The present invention is a fire extinguishing apparatus having a fire detection means at the top of a staircase and a fire extinguishing head that discharges the fire extinguishing agent forward when the fire detection means senses a fire. It is released in an L shape.

JP 2003-284787 A (page 2-4, Fig. 2)

The fire extinguishing apparatus described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 needs to secure an installation space because a fire extinguishing agent container is installed at the landing of the staircase, and there is no narrow staircase or landing in the existing building There are stairs, and it is difficult to install a fire extinguishing agent container on these stairs, which may be an obstacle to traffic and evacuation.

On the other hand, in small-scale buildings, stairs are often the only evacuation route. If the evacuation route becomes inaccessible due to fire smoke or flame, it is difficult to evacuate people in the building. It is necessary to ensure the safety of the route.

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a fire extinguishing facility that can be installed at low cost and does not obstruct traffic, and that can prevent the spread of fire to the staircase when a fire occurs in the building. The purpose is to provide.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a fire extinguishing equipment installed in a staircase, wherein a water supply pipe installed in a vertical direction and a water supply pipe branched from the water supply pipe are provided with fire extinguishing water in the staircase. It is a fire extinguishing equipment composed of side wall type heads to be sprayed.

The invention according to claim 2 is that the water supply source to the water supply pipe is one of a water tank and a water supply device, a water supply facility, a water supply opening to the water supply pipe, an elevated water tank provided in the upper part of the building, or a combination of these water supply sources The fire extinguishing equipment according to claim 1, wherein It is.

The invention according to claim 3 is the fire extinguishing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the water supply pipe is installed on a wall surface inside the staircase formed in a spiral shape.

The invention according to claim 4 is the fire extinguishing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the side wall type head is capable of spraying fire extinguishing water to the rear.

The invention according to claim 5 is the fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in the fire extinguishing equipment, a side wall type head is installed in the staircase, and the side wall type head starts spraying of fire extinguishing water by the operation of the fire detection means. Equipment.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fire extinguishing equipment, a plurality of side wall type heads are installed in the staircase, and one side wall type head includes fire detection means, and the fire detection means operates to activate the fire detection means. The fire extinguishing equipment according to claim 1, wherein spraying of fire-extinguishing water is started and spraying from another side wall type head is also started.

The invention according to claim 7 is the fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in the fire extinguishing equipment, there is provided spray spraying means for spraying fire-extinguishing water in a sprayed manner in the staircase by the operation of the fire detection means installed in the building. Equipment.

The spray spraying means includes a spray water supply pipe arranged in parallel to the water supply pipe, and a drainer head connected to the spray water supply pipe and capable of spraying fire-extinguishing water in a staircase. The fire extinguishing equipment according to claim 7.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the side wall type head is installed simply by branching the pipe horizontally from the water supply pipe by installing the water supply pipe in the vertical direction and installing the side wall type head in the water supply pipe. It becomes possible, and the expense concerning installation of piping is reduced.

According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to a water tank and a water supply device that are generally used for sprinkler equipment, a water supply source to a water supply pipe can be used using an existing water supply equipment, or a fire brigade can Without having to install expensive water supply equipment such as pumps by providing a water supply port that can supply fire water to the water pipe, or by using fire water stored in an elevated water tank installed at the top of the building Fire water can be supplied to the water supply pipe. These water supply sources can be added together.

According to invention of Claim 3, the installation space of a water supply pipe is suppressed to the minimum by installing a water supply pipe in the wall surface inside the staircase comprised helically, and a water supply pipe becomes an obstacle of passage. There is nothing.

According to the invention of claim 4, the side wall type head sprays the fire-extinguishing water not only forward but also from the side wall type head installed toward the landing of the staircase, not only the front landing, Fire water can be sprayed on the staircase located behind.

According to the fifth and sixth aspects of the present invention, the installation position of the side wall type head and the installation position of the fire detection means are separated, so that each is installed at an optimum position, and the fire detection means detects fire early. In addition, the side wall type head can disperse the fire extinguishing liquid evenly in the staircase.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, when a fire occurs in the building, spraying fire-extinguishing water in the staircase in the form of spray prevents the smoke from entering the upper floor through the staircase. And an evacuation route can be secured.

According to the invention described in claim 8, by providing the spray water supply pipe installed separately from the water supply pipe, the drainer connected to the spray water supply pipe regardless of the operation of the fire detection means in the staircase. Spray can be generated by the head.

The side wall type head in the present invention is a sprinkler head that spreads fire-extinguishing water in a rectangular shape forward in the horizontal direction. Also included are structures that can spray fire-fighting water not only forward but also backward.

Further, as a means for supplying water to the side wall type head, it is possible to supply water by pumping water from a water tank by a pump, or to connect to a water supply facility or to supply water by a drop by providing an elevated water tank.

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 is a side view of the staircase, FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the fire extinguishing equipment of Example 1, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the staircase in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a sprinkling state (plan) in FIG. 1 represents the watering state (side surface).

The staircase 1 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 is formed in a spiral shape with the stairs folded back by a landing 2. For ease of explanation in FIG. 1, the staircase 3 on the front side is represented by white and the staircase 4 on the far side is represented by shading.

The side wall type head 5 is installed in a state of being embedded in the inner wall surface 6 of the staircase 1. The side wall type head 5 is an open type, and the nozzle is in an open state.

Examples of the structure of the side wall type head 5 include those described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-164904 and those described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-236011.

The water supply pipe 7 is installed in the inner wall surface 6 of the staircase 1 so that the water pumped up from the water tank W by the pump P can be sent to the side wall type head 5. The side wall type head 5 is connected to a water supply pipe 7 through a water supply valve 8.

The water supply valve 8 is normally closed and is opened by an operation signal of a fire sensor 9 provided on the ceiling of the landing 2 of the staircase 1. The secondary side of the water supply valve 8 is branched, and a plurality of side wall type heads 5 are connected.

In the middle of the water supply pipe 7, a water supply port 10 is connected so that water can be supplied from the outside.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the installation position of the side wall type head 5 and the water spray shape in the fire extinguishing equipment of the present invention. FIG. 6A shows a single side wall type head 5 installed toward the landing 2, and water can be sprayed over the entire landing 2 and part of the staircase portions 3 and 4.

In FIG. 2B, one side wall type head 5 is installed on each side of the wall surface 6 of the staircase 1, and water can be sprayed on most of the staircase portions 3 and 4 and the landing 2. In FIG. 2C, three side wall type heads 5 are installed, one on each side of the wall surface 6 and toward the landing 2, and water is sprayed throughout the landing 2 and the staircases 3 and 4. Is possible.

The installation position and number of the side wall type heads 5 are preferably selected in consideration of the situation at the site and the structure of the building.

Then, the action | operation of the fire extinguishing equipment of this invention is demonstrated.

When a fire occurs in the staircase 1, the fire detector 9 installed on the ceiling of the landing 2 is activated and outputs a fire signal. The water supply valve 8 of the staircase 1 to which the fire signal is output is opened, the pump P is activated, and water supply is started to the side wall type head 5 installed in the staircase 1 where the fire has occurred.

When the pump P is activated, water stored in the water source W is pumped up to the water supply pipe 7, passes through the open water supply valve 8, is sprayed from the side wall type head 5, and fire is suppressed.

Next, Example 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 is a system diagram of the fire extinguishing equipment of the second embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the dry adapter of the second embodiment.

The fire extinguishing equipment according to the second embodiment is a system that detects a fire with the sensing head 11 and opens the simultaneous release valve 12 as shown in FIG. A simultaneous opening valve 12 is installed in the middle of the pipe branched from the water supply pipe 7, and the side wall type head 5 is connected to the secondary side of the simultaneous opening valve 12.

The simultaneous opening valve 12 has a lift valve structure, and the flow path and the space behind the valve body are separated by a diaphragm or the like, and the valve body is closed by the fluid filled in the space behind the valve body. The space behind the valve body is connected to a sensing pipe 13, and at the end of the sensing pipe 13, a sensing head 11 and a sprinkler head that operate by sensing heat are installed.

When the sensing head 11 is activated by the occurrence of a fire, the fluid filled in the sensing pipe 13 and the space behind the valve body flows out, the valve body of the simultaneous release valve 12 is opened, and is connected to the water supply pipe 7. Water is supplied from the primary side to the secondary side, and the spraying of water from the side wall type head 5 is started.

In place of the sensing head 11 and the simultaneous release valve 12, a dry adapter or the like can be used. For example, in a dry adapter disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-150873, a branching portion P1 is provided in the middle of a flow path P between a valve body V that shuts off water supply and a sprinkler head S that opens the valve body V when activated as shown in FIG. And the side wall type head 5 may be provided at the branching portion P1.

Alternatively, it is possible to use a pipe connection joint described in JP-A-2002-1559584.

When the dry adapter shown in FIG. 7 is used, water is sprayed from the sprinkler head S when the valve body V is opened. In the pipe connection joint described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-1559584, when the valve body is opened, there is a difference in structure that water does not flow out from the sprinkler head that holds the valve body in the closed state.

In any structure, the sprinkler head holding the valve body in the closed state is actuated by the heat of the fire to start watering from the side wall type head 5.

Next, Example 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 8 is a system diagram of the fire extinguishing equipment of the third embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a plan view of the staircase in the third embodiment.

The fire extinguishing equipment of Example 3 secures an evacuation route and prevents intrusion of fire smoke into the upper floor by spraying water into the staircase in a spray form when a fire occurs outside the staircase. .

In FIG. 8, separately from the water supply pipe 7 to which the side wall type head 5 is connected as the spray generating means, a pipe 15 is provided in parallel, and water spray can be sprayed into the staircase 1 at the end of the pipe 15. A drainer head 17 is connected.

The water supply pipe 7 and the pipe 15 are respectively provided with motor-operated valves 16A and 16B so that the flow path can be switched. In FIG. 8, the secondary side of the water supply pipe 7 is drawn with a broken line in consideration of the visibility of the drawing.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of the staircase 1 in which the drainage heads 17, 17,... Are installed. In the figure, the water supply pipe 7, the water supply valve 8, and the side wall type head 5 are not shown in view of easy viewing. Similarly to the side wall type head 5, the drainer head 17 is also installed on the wall surface 6, and can spray spray water in the horizontal direction.

Next, the operation of the third embodiment will be described. In the fire extinguishing equipment shown in FIG. 8, the electric valve 16A installed in the water supply pipe 7 is open during normal times, and the electric valve 16B installed in the pipe 15 to which the drainer head 17 is connected is closed. Water can be passed through the pipe 7.

When a fire occurs outside the staircase in the building and a fire detector (not shown) is activated, the motor valve 16A, 16B is operated to connect a flow path from the water supply pipe 7 to the pipe 15 to which the drainage head is connected. Can be switched.

At the same time, the pump P is activated, the water from the water source W is sent to the drain head 17 through the pipe 15, and the water is sprayed from the drain head 17.

By spraying water into the staircase 1, the smoke and flames of the fire in the building are prevented from entering the staircase 1, preventing the spread of fire and the people left in the building An evacuation route can be secured.

Side view of staircase System diagram of fire extinguishing equipment of Example 1 Top view of staircase Sprinkling state in FIG. 3 (plane) Sprinkling state (side view) in Fig. 1 System diagram of fire extinguishing equipment of Example 2 Sectional drawing of the dry type adapter of Example 2 System diagram of fire extinguishing equipment of Example 3 Plan view of the staircase of Example 3

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Staircase 2 Landing place 3, 4 Stairs 5 Side wall type head 6 Wall surface 7 Water supply pipe 8 Water supply valve 9 Fire detector 10 Water supply port 11 Detection head 12 Simultaneous opening valve 13 Detection piping 16A, 16B Motorized valve 17 Drencher head

Claims (8)

A fire extinguishing equipment installed in a staircase, comprising a water supply pipe installed in a vertical direction, and a side wall-type head that is branched from the water supply pipe and sprays firewater in the staircase.
The water supply source to the water supply pipe is one of a water tank and a water supply device, a water supply facility, a water supply opening to the water supply pipe, an elevated water tank provided in the upper part of the building, or a combination of a plurality of these water supply sources. The fire extinguishing equipment according to claim 1.
2. The fire extinguishing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the water supply pipe is installed on a wall surface inside a spiral staircase.
The fire extinguishing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the side wall type head is capable of spraying fire water to the rear.
2. The fire extinguishing equipment according to claim 1, wherein a side wall type head is installed in the staircase, and the side wall type head starts spraying of fire extinguishing water by the operation of the fire detection means.
In the fire extinguishing equipment, a plurality of side wall type heads are installed in the staircase, and one side wall type head is configured to include a fire detecting means, and spraying of fire extinguishing water is started by the operation of the fire detecting means. The fire extinguishing equipment according to claim 1, wherein spraying from another side wall type head is also started.
The fire-extinguishing equipment according to claim 1, wherein spray-spreading means for spraying fire-extinguishing water in a spray form is provided in the staircase by the operation of the fire detection means installed in the building.
The spray spraying means is a spray water pipe arranged in parallel with the water pipe, and a drainer head connected to the spray water pipe and capable of spraying fire-extinguishing water in a staircase. Item 7. Fire extinguishing equipment according to item 7.

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