JP2006272166A - Air knocker - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air knocker which reduces shock wave (sound) leaking to the outside from an exhaust port of a cylinder as much as possible in consideration of the position at which the exhaust port is installed and the shape and quality of the material of a piston, and may reduce effects by the noise to the surrounding by reducing the leak of the batting sound to the outside. <P>SOLUTION: The air knocker A<SB>1</SB>is comprised of a knocker itself 20 and an air pulser 1. The knocker itself 20 is provided with an impacting element 23 comprised of the piston 23a installed so as to slide freely in the cylinder 21 and a piston rod 23b made of a resin, a spring seat 25 installed in the position in which the cylinder 21 is divided to the longitudinal direction into two parts at a position slanting to the back end of the cylinder and a return spring 24 inserted between the spring seat 25 to the piston 23a. The exhaust port 26 is formed at the position of the spring seat 25 and a proper position of the circumference direction. The shock wave (sound) generated by vibration upon an impact is reduced since the piston rod 23b is made of the resin and the exhaust port 26 is separated from the impact plate 22. Therefore, the noise to the surrounding is controlled. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement in an air knocker used for destroying or suppressing a bridge state in which powder particles stored in a hopper or the like adhere to each other.

  The powder is supplied into the hopper for powder transportation or storage, and when it is necessary, the valve at the bottom of the hopper is opened and supplied by its own weight, or it is transported by air pressure. The particles may stick together while stagnant, causing a bridge state. As a method of destroying or suppressing this bridge state, an air knocker is attached to the peripheral wall of the hopper, and an impact is applied to the powder particles in the hopper. A method for eliminating the state is generally performed. As an example of such a method, the invention of “Air Pulser and Device Using the Air Pulser” of Patent Document 1 is known.

  The "air knocker" described in this publication incorporates a piston and a return spring that urges the piston in a direction away from the striking plate in a cylinder with a striking plate attached to the tip, and the rear end of the cylinder Further, an air pulser for injecting an air pulse is provided in the cylinder. The air pulsar has a body integrated with the rear end of the cylinder, and a diaphragm is provided in the inner space of the body so as to be deformable by applying an elastic force, and is opened and closed by the diaphragm to inject air, and The valve hole provided in the valve plate is opened and closed by attracting and separating by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet of the valve body attached to the valve plate, thereby opening and closing the diaphragm with respect to the air injection cylinder, and intermittently supplying pulsed air I am trying to supply.

  The air knocker described above can reduce the size, simplify, and reduce the cost of the apparatus because it can supply pulsed air without using an electromagnetic valve as an air pulser. By using an air pulser having such advantages, the air knocker itself can be used. Has similar advantages. However, the air knocker is of a type in which a striking plate (base plate) provided near the mounting end of a cylinder mounted on the hopper is struck with a piston and a shock wave is indirectly transmitted to the hopper. As described above, even if the cylinder indirectly transmits the shock to the hopper, the shock wave between the metals is still large.

This is because when the striking plate is struck by a piston in the cylinder, an exhaust port is provided near the striking plate in order to reduce the air resistance while the piston moves toward the striking plate in the cylinder, This is because the impact sound is propagated to the outside directly and indirectly from the striking plate through the exhaust port. Accordingly, there remains a problem to be improved in that further reduction of impact sound is required.
JP 2003-34429 A

  In consideration of the above problems, the present invention reduces the shock wave (sound) leaking from the exhaust port of the cylinder to the outside in consideration of the position where the exhaust port is provided in the cylinder, the shape and material of the piston, and the impact sound. An object of the present invention is to provide an air knocker that can reduce the influence of noise on the surroundings by reducing the leakage of the air to the outside.

  As a means for solving the above-described problems, the present invention urges the striking element including a piston slidable in a cylinder having a striking plate in the tip portion, and the piston of the striking element in a direction away from the striking plate. In the air knocker in which a return spring is incorporated and the piston is moved by an air pulse injected into the cylinder from an air pulser provided at the rear end of the cylinder, the striking plate is struck. It is formed by a resin piston rod that is fitted to one end and extends toward the striking plate, and the cylinder is provided with an exhaust port for discharging air in the cylinder at a position offset from the striking plate toward the rear end side of the cylinder. The air knocker is characterized in that it is configured to suppress the shock wave from the air.

  The air knocker of the present invention configured as described above is used by being attached to the side of a hopper for storing and filling a granular material. When pulse air is intermittently injected and supplied from the air pulsar to the air knocker, the striker in the air knocker moves each time and strikes the striking plate to give a strong impact, and the hopper is vibrated to generate powder particles in the hopper. When the bodies adhere to each other and suppress the formation of a bridge, or when a bridge is formed, the bridge is broken by vibration so that the granular material can be transported or dropped.

  When applying the vibration action as the air knocker, the shock wave (sound) generated by the striker piston rod striking the striking plate in the cylinder is (hard) resin against the metal (iron) striking plate. Since it is hit with a piston rod made of metal, it becomes a dull sound that is different from that when hitting with metal. Furthermore, the shock wave leaks from the exhaust port for escaping the air in the cylinder to the outside, but the shock wave (sound) is exhausted because the exhaust port is provided as far as possible from the striking plate to the position that is offset to the rear end side of the cylinder. Without being leaked directly from the mouth, it is attenuated in the cylinder and propagated to the outside. Therefore, the influence of noise on the surrounding environment is significantly reduced as compared with the conventional type of air knocker.

  The air knocker of the present invention has a structure in which the piston rod of the striker provided slidably in the cylinder is made of resin, and the exhaust port is provided at a position offset from the strike plate toward the rear end side of the cylinder. A powerful vibration can be applied to the hopper by striking with a shock, and the shock wave (sound) generated by the striking is a dull impact sound that is different from that due to the impact between metals, and this impact sound is difficult to leak to the outside. Since it is propagated from the exhaust port, the noise level given to the surroundings has an excellent effect that the impact sound is extremely low compared to the conventional air knocker.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a main longitudinal sectional view of an air knocker according to a first embodiment. The illustrated air knocker A ₁ shows an example in which a knocker body 20 and a diaphragm type air pulser 1 are integrally connected to the rear end thereof. The basic structure of the air pulser 1 is that described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-34429. the same is because the, after the description of Eanokka a _1, construction of Eaparusa 1 shown is briefly described action. About the structure of the air pulser 1, it may have a function which can supply an air pulse intermittently by controlling with an electromagnetic valve etc. by conventional formats other than the thing of illustration.

As shown in the figure, the knocker body 20 of the air knocker A ₁ presses the striker 23 and the piston 23 a of the striker 23 in a direction away from the striker plate 22 in a cylinder 21 having a striker plate 22 inside the tip. And a return spring 24 to be formed. The cylinder 21 is divided into two by providing a pair of flange portions 21 _F and 21 _F at a position (substantially intermediate position in the illustrated example) that is offset toward the rear end side of the cylinder in the length direction. A spring seat 25 is provided between the two flange portions 21 _F and 21 _F formed at the end of the half portion, and a circumferential groove 25 h located on the outer periphery of a piston rod 23 b described later inserted through a circular hole formed at the center thereof. One end of the return spring 24 is received and supported. The central circular hole has a gap 27g that connects the first chamber 21a _R and the second chamber 21b _R inside the cylinders 21a and 21b divided into two by the spring seat 25 when the piston rod 23b is inserted. A communication cylinder 27 is fitted and provided.

  The striking element 23 is composed of a piston 23a and a piston rod 23b extending toward the striking plate 22 press-fitted to one end thereof, and injects an air pulse supplied from the air pulser 1 to the other end of the piston 23a. The cylinder 21b is slidable by pressure. Further, the position where the cylinder 21 is divided into two is a position offset toward the rear end side of the cylinder, and when the piston 23a and the piston rod 23b move a distance (stroke) necessary for hitting the striking plate 22. The spring seat 25 can be provided between the end of the piston 23a and the spring seat 25 so that the return spring 24 can be sufficiently accommodated in a compressed state.

A groove 23h is provided at one end of the piston 23a, and the other end of the return spring 24 is received and supported. Although not shown, the spring seat 25 and has an exhaust port 26 provided at a predetermined plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, when striking the striking plate 22 in the head 23 _H of the piston rod 23b The air in the cylinder 21 can be discharged. However, the exhaust port 26 is not necessarily located at the same position as the spring seat 25, but may be located at a position (including the center position) offset from the rear end of the cylinder 21 in the length direction of the cylinder 21, and the head 23 of the piston rod 23b. _What is necessary is just to keep away from the striking plate 22 so that the shock wave (sound) at the time of striking the striking plate 22 with _H may be reduced as much as possible.

  In order to reduce the shock wave, in the illustrated example, the piston rod 23b is made of a hard resin material (a resin material such as vinyl chloride or Teflon (registered trademark) may be used). The rear end portion of the piston rod 23b is press-fitted and fitted into the insertion hole of the piston 23a, and is attached so that it can be easily replaced when the piston rod 23b is deformed by an impact. Although not shown, a fixing means for fastening the spring seat 25 to each other with a bolt or the like is provided between the half parts of the cylinder 21 divided into two parts. When it becomes necessary to replace the piston rod 23b, the fixing means is loosened and the cylinder 21 is separated.

According to the air knocker A ₁ of this embodiment configured as described above, each time a desired air pulse is intermittently injected and supplied from the air pulser 1, the striker 23 moves forward and strikes the strike plate 22 with the piston rod 23b. In addition, vibration can be applied to the end of the cylinder 21. For this reason, by attaching the end of the cylinder 21 to the hopper H, vibration can be intermittently applied to the hopper H, and a bridge is formed in the granular material filled (stored) in the hopper H. If a bridge is formed, the bridge can be destroyed.

When the air pulse is supplied from the air pulser 1, the striker 23 compresses this against the elastic force of the return spring 24 and moves toward the strike plate 22. At this time, the volume of the second chamber 21b _R in the cylinder 21b is reduced by the movement of the piston 23a, so that the air in the second chamber 21b _R passes through the gap 27g between the piston rod 23b and the communication cylinder 27, and the first chamber. Move into 21a _R. Then, the gas is further discharged to the outside through the exhaust port 26. As a result, vibration is applied to the striking plate 22 every time the air pulse is intermittently injected, and when the air pulse disappears, the initial state is restored by the elastic force of the return spring 24.

When the vibration is applied to the hopper H in this way, since the piston rod 23b is made of a resin material, the shock wave (sound) with respect to the striking plate 22 is different from the striking between metals, and from the striking plate 22. Since the exhaust port 26 is provided apart, the impact sound is further attenuated and propagated to the outside. For this reason, in the air knocker A _{1 of the} embodiment, the shock wave (sound) at the time of striking the striking plate 22 is greatly reduced, and the noise at the time of transporting the granular material in the hopper H is lowered. The air pulser 1 used for applying the vibration will be described below.

  As shown, the air pulser 1 includes a cylindrical body body 2 and a head cover 3 bolted to one end of the body body 2, and a diaphragm 4 is placed between the body body 2 and the head cover 3. The outer periphery of the diaphragm 4 is held by bolting. The internal space of the body 1 is partitioned into an air supply chamber 5 and an exhaust chamber 6 by the extension of the diaphragm 4, and an air injection cylinder 7 is provided in the air supply chamber 5.

  The diaphragm 4 is provided with a small hole 8 that allows the air supply chamber 5 and the exhaust chamber 6 to communicate with each other. The diaphragm 4 is pressed toward the air supply chamber 5 by the spring 9 and the pressing member 10, and the air inlet of the air injection cylinder 7 is closed by the diaphragm 4. A step portion 11 is formed on the inner periphery of the exhaust chamber 6, and a valve plate 12 threadedly engaged with the inner periphery of the exhaust chamber 6 is supported by the step portion 11. By attaching the valve plate 12, the exhaust chamber 6 is divided into a first chamber 6a and a second chamber 6b.

  An annular groove 12 a is formed on the outer periphery of the valve plate 12, and an elastic seal 13 incorporated in the annular groove 12 a seals between the abutting surface of the step portion 11 and the valve plate 12. The valve plate 12 is made of a magnetic material that can attract a permanent magnet. The valve plate 12 is formed with a valve hole 14 for communicating the first chamber 6a and the second chamber 6b. Further, the valve plate 12 has an end face facing the first chamber 6a formed in a step shape. A guide cylinder 16 is incorporated coaxially with the valve hole 14 in the second chamber 6b. The guide cylinder 16 has vent holes 17 at both ends, and a valve body 18 for opening and closing the valve hole 14 is slidably incorporated therein.

  A permanent magnet 19 is embedded in the end surface of the valve body 18 facing the valve plate 12. The permanent magnet 19 is detachable and can be replaced with another permanent magnet having a different magnetic force. The body main body 2 is formed with an air supply port 2a communicating with the air supply chamber 5, and an exhaust port 3a communicating with the second chamber 6b. A variable throttle 2b is formed in the air supply passage 2c connected to the air supply port 2a. Is installed. In addition, 3s shows the sealing member which seals between the abutting surfaces of the valve body 18 and the valve plate 12 in the closed state of the valve body 18.

  In the air pulser configured as described above, the valve body 18 is held in a closed state by the adsorption of the valve plate 12 and the permanent magnet 19 in a state where supply of compressed air to the air supply port 2 a is stopped. The diaphragm 4 closes the air inlet of the air injection cylinder 7. When compressed air is supplied from the supply passage 2c to the supply port 2a, the compressed air flows into the supply chamber 5 and from the supply chamber 5 through the small hole 8 of the diaphragm 4 to the first of the exhaust chamber 6. It flows into the chamber 6a.

  The pressure in the first chamber 6a gradually increases due to the inflow of compressed air. When the pressure becomes higher than the attractive force by which the permanent magnet 19 attracts the valve plate 12, the valve body 18 moves backward to open the valve hole 14. By opening the valve hole 14, the compressed air in the first chamber 6a flows into the second chamber 6b from the valve hole 14, and is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust port 3a. Due to the exhaust, the pressure in the exhaust chamber 6 is reduced, the pressure difference between the air supply chamber 5 and the exhaust chamber 6 causes the diaphragm 4 to elastically deform toward the exhaust chamber 6, and the air inlet of the air injection cylinder 7 is opened. For this reason, the compressed air in the air supply chamber 5 flows into the air injection cylinder 7 and is injected from the air injection cylinder 7.

  On the other hand, when the compressed air in the exhaust chamber 6 is exhausted from the exhaust port 3a and the pressure in the exhaust chamber 6 decreases, the valve body 18 moves forward by the attractive force acting between the permanent magnet 19 and the valve plate 12. Then, the valve hole 14 is closed. By the closure, the compressed air in the supply chamber 5 flows into the first chamber 6a of the exhaust chamber 6 from the small hole 8 of the diaphragm 4, and the pressure in the first chamber 6a increases. When the pressure in the first chamber 6a becomes substantially equal to the pressure in the air supply chamber 5, the diaphragm 4 is elastically deformed toward the air supply chamber 5 to close the air inlet of the air injection cylinder 7, and from the air injection cylinder 7 The injection of compressed air is cut off.

  The valve body 18 opens when the pressure in the first chamber 6a becomes higher than the attractive force of the permanent magnet 19, and closes when the compressed air in the exhaust chamber 6 is exhausted from the exhaust port 3a and the pressure in the exhaust chamber 6 decreases. . On the other hand, when the pressure in the exhaust chamber 6 decreases, the diaphragm 4 opens the air inlet of the air injection cylinder 7, the valve body 18 is closed, and the pressure in the first chamber 6 a is almost equal to the pressure in the air supply chamber 5. In order to close the air inlet, pulsed air can be intermittently injected from the air injection cylinder 7. For this reason, an air pulse can be formed without using a solenoid valve.

  Here, by adjusting the amount of compressed air supplied to the air supply port 2a by operating the variable throttle 2b provided in the air supply passage 2c, the interval of the pulse air injected from the air injection cylinder 7 can be adjusted. it can. Further, by replacing the permanent magnet 19 embedded in the valve body 18 with a permanent magnet having a different attracting force or a hole 14 of the valve plate having a different diameter, the pressure for opening the valve body 18 changes, so that the air injection cylinder The pressure of the pulsed air injected from 7 can be changed.

FIG. 2 shows a main longitudinal sectional view of the air knocker A ₂ of the second embodiment. That provided a flange portion 21 aperture portion at the position of _F (throat) 28 in the halves 21a of the cylinder 21 in this example differs from the first embodiment. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. In this embodiment, by providing the throttle portion 28, the shock wave caused by the impact on the striking plate 22 hits the throttle portion and further leaks to the outside, and the impact sound is reduced.

FIG. 3 shows a main longitudinal sectional view of the air knocker A ₃ of the third embodiment. This example is different in that a sound absorbing material 28 ′ is provided on the inner peripheral surface 21 a of the half of the cylinder 21. As the sound absorbing material 28 ', glass fiber, rock wool or the like, which is a general material, is used. Also in this embodiment, the shock absorbing material 28 'further reduces the leakage of the shock wave to the outside, and the impact sound is reduced. Moreover, you may apply both means of the aperture | diaphragm | squeeze part 28 and sound-absorbing material 28 'of 2nd, 3rd embodiment to the air knocker of 1st embodiment.

Furthermore, showing a main part longitudinal sectional view of Eanokka A ₄ of the fourth embodiment in FIG. This example is different from the first embodiment only in that a waveform silencer 29 is provided in place of the diaphragm 28 and the sound absorbing material 28 '. For example, as shown in the figure, the waveform silencer 29 is provided with a saw-tooth shaped projecting ring surface 29a and a parallel projecting ring 29b on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 21a alternately or randomly, or one of them is adjacent. Thus, a plurality of locations are provided. Such a waveform silencer 29 has an effect of reducing noise by using the sound of the impact sound generated by the piston rod 23b to be reflected by or reflected by the projecting ring surfaces 29a and 29b.

  The air knocker of the present invention is configured to give powerful vibrations by striking with a piston rod and to suppress shock waves (sounds) generated at that time as much as possible. Widely used in.

Main longitudinal sectional view of the air knocker of the first embodiment Main longitudinal sectional view of the air knocker of the second embodiment Main longitudinal sectional view of the air knocker of the third embodiment The principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the air knocker of 4th embodiment

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air pulsar 20 Knocker main body 21 Cylinder 21a _R 1st chamber 21b _R 2nd chamber 21 _F flange part 22 Strike plate 23 Strike 23a Piston 23b Piston rod 24 Return spring 25 Spring seat 26 Exhaust port 27 Communication pipe | tube 28 Restriction part 28 'Sound absorption Material 29 Waveform silencer

Claims (4)

  A striking element including a piston slidable in a cylinder having a striking plate in the front end portion, and a return spring that urges the striking piston in a direction away from the striking plate, are incorporated in the rear end portion of the cylinder. In an air knocker in which a piston is moved by an air pulse injected into a cylinder from a provided air pulser to strike the striking plate, the striking element is made of resin and is fitted to one end of the piston and extends toward the striking plate. The cylinder is provided with an exhaust port that discharges air in the cylinder at a position offset from the impact plate to the rear end side of the cylinder, so that the shock wave from the impact plate is suppressed. Air knocker.   The air knocker according to claim 1, wherein a throttle portion is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder at a position near the striking plate near the exhaust port.   The air knocker according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a sound absorbing material is provided on an inner peripheral surface on a rear end side from the striking plate of the cylinder.   The air knocker according to claim 1, wherein a waveform silencer is formed in the vicinity of the exhaust port on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder.

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