JP2006270508A - Resonator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a resonator where connection adjustment of resonators with each other and miniaturization are easy and a conductor loss is reduced. <P>SOLUTION: Line parts on a short circuit side of respective lines constituting two 1/4 wavelength resonators 1 and 2 are made to be common as a common line part 22, and the respective 1/4 wavelength resonators 1 and 2 are coupled with each other at the common line part 22. Since a part of the line is made to be common, miniaturization becomes easy. Moreover, the conductor loss due to coupling is reduced. By adjusting the length (x) of the common line part 22, the coupling adjustment is carried out easily. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a resonator configured using a TEM (Transverse Electro Magnetic) line such as a strip line.

  A TEM line is a transmission line that transmits an electromagnetic wave (TEM wave) in which both an electric field and a magnetic field exist only in a cross section perpendicular to the traveling direction of the electromagnetic wave. Generally, there are two types of techniques for combining TEM lines: comb line coupling and interdigital coupling. As an example, FIG. 24 schematically shows a configuration when a quarter-wave resonator composed of a TEM line is comb-line coupled, and FIG. 25 schematically shows a configuration when interdigitally coupled.

  In the comb line coupling, as shown in FIG. 24, the open end 101A of one resonator 101 and the open end 102A of the other resonator 102 face each other, and a short circuit (short) of one resonator 101 occurs. ) And a coupling method in which the resonators 101 and 102 are arranged so that the end and the short-circuited end of the other resonator 102 face each other. In the interdigital coupling, as shown in FIG. 25, the open end 101A of one resonator 101 and the short-circuited end of the other resonator 102 face each other, and the short-circuited end of one resonator 101 and the other resonator This is a coupling method in which the resonators 101 and 102 are arranged so as to face the open end 102 </ b> A of 102.

Interdigital coupling is stronger than combline coupling. For this reason, the interdigital coupling has a problem that the coupling is too strong and the coupling adjustment is difficult. Comline coupling may be too weak to achieve sufficient coupling. Further, even when the resonator is reduced in size by making it a lumped constant, energy may be accumulated in the element and may not be coupled to the adjacent resonator. As means for solving these problems, Patent Document 1 proposes a structure in which strip lines constituting a plurality of resonators are connected by a conductor pattern.
JP 2000-252704 A

  However, since the structure described in Patent Document 1 is a structure in which a conductor pattern for coupling is provided separately from the strip line constituting the resonator, a large conductor space is required as a whole, which is not suitable for downsizing and conductor loss. There is a problem that it will increase.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a resonator in which coupling adjustment and reduction in size of resonators are easy and conductor loss can be reduced. It is in.

  A resonator according to a first aspect of the present invention is a resonator configured by a TEM line, and is formed independently of each other, and includes a plurality of independent line portions each having an open end, and each independent line portion. A connecting line portion for connecting the other ends of the line portion; and a common line portion for commonly connecting each independent line portion to the ground via the connecting line portion. It is set as the structure which mutually couple | bonded.

  In the resonator according to the first aspect of the present invention, the line portion on the short-circuit side of each line constituting two or more quarter-wave resonators is shared as a common line portion, and two or more in the common line portion. The quarter wavelength resonators are coupled to each other. Since part of the line is shared, it is easy to reduce the size and there is little conductor loss due to coupling. Further, the coupling adjustment can be easily performed by adjusting the length of the connecting line portion or the common line portion.

In the resonator according to the first aspect of the present invention, a capacitor electrode may be formed at at least one open end of the plurality of independent line portions.
In this case, the resonance frequency is lowered by forming the capacitor electrode. On the other hand, the resonance frequency of the resonator increases as the effective length is shorter. Therefore, if the resonance frequency is adjusted to the case where the capacitor electrode is not formed, the physical length of the resonator can be reduced by forming the capacitor electrode, which is advantageous for further miniaturization.

Moreover, in the resonator according to the first aspect of the present invention, as a whole, a first quarter wavelength resonator portion in which two or more quarter wavelength resonators are coupled to each other, and as a whole A second quarter-wave resonator portion in which the same number of quarter-wave resonators as the first quarter-wave resonator portion are coupled to each other. The open end of the 4-wavelength resonator portion and the open end of the second quarter-wavelength resonator portion may be connected to each other. Then, as a whole, two or more short-circuited half-wavelength resonators may be coupled to each other.
In this case, the line portion on the short-circuit side of each line constituting two or more short-circuited half-wave resonators is shared as a common line portion, and two or more half-wave resonators are used in the common line portion. They are joined together. Since part of the line is shared, it is easy to reduce the size and there is little conductor loss due to coupling. Further, the coupling adjustment can be easily performed by adjusting the length of the connecting line portion or the common line portion.

  A resonator according to a second aspect of the present invention is a resonator composed of a TEM line, and is a first resonator having a plurality of independent line portions formed independently of each other and having one end opened. A plurality of independent line groups, a first connection line part for connecting the other ends of the independent line parts in the first independent line group, and a plurality of independent line groups, one end of which is formed as an open end. A second independent line group having two independent line parts, a second connection line part for connecting the other ends of the independent line parts in the second independent line group, and first and second connection lines. A common line portion commonly connecting the other end of each independent line portion of the first independent line group and the other end of each independent line portion of the first independent line group via the portion, and two or more as a whole Open-ended half-wave resonators are coupled to each other. It is intended.

  In the resonator according to the second aspect of the present invention, in each line constituting two or more open-ended half-wavelength resonators, the line portion on the short-circuit portion side that is equivalently short-circuited is the common line portion. Two or more half-wave resonators are coupled to each other at the common line portion. Since part of the line is shared, it is easy to reduce the size and there is little conductor loss due to coupling. Further, the coupling adjustment can be easily performed by adjusting the length of the connecting line portion or the common line portion.

In the resonator according to the second aspect of the present invention, a capacitor electrode may be formed at at least one open end of each independent line portion in the first and second independent line groups.
In this case, the resonance frequency is lowered by forming the capacitor electrode. On the other hand, the resonance frequency of the resonator increases as the effective length is shorter. Therefore, if the resonance frequency is adjusted to the case where the capacitor electrode is not formed, the physical length of the resonator can be reduced by forming the capacitor electrode, which is advantageous for further miniaturization.

In the resonator according to the second aspect of the present invention, the line portion on the first independent line group side and the second independent line with the short-circuit portion equivalently short-circuited in the half-wavelength resonator as a boundary. The group-side line portion may have a line-symmetrical or plane-symmetrical structure with respect to the line or plane including the short-circuit portion.
In this case, a pair of balanced input conductors to which a balanced signal is input while being connected to one of two or more open-ended half-wavelength resonators, and two or more open-ended double-ended types And a pair of balanced output conductors that output a balanced signal, and may be further included. In this case, one of the pair of balanced input conductors is connected to the line part on the first independent line group side, and the other conductor is connected to the line part on the second independent line group side, and It is preferable that one conductor and the other conductor are connected to each other in a line-symmetrical or plane-symmetrical position with respect to the line or plane including the short-circuit portion. One of the pair of balanced output conductors is connected to the line portion on the first independent line group side, and the other conductor is connected to the line portion on the second independent line group side. It is preferable that the first conductor and the second conductor are connected to each other in a line-symmetrical or plane-symmetrical position with respect to the line or plane including the short-circuit portion.
Thereby, for example, a balanced input / output filter with reduced size can be easily realized.

In the resonator according to the second aspect of the present invention, the line portion on the first independent line group side and the second independent line with the short-circuit portion equivalently short-circuited in the half-wavelength resonator as a boundary. The group-side line portion may have a rotationally symmetric structure with a point in the short-circuited portion as a rotation center.
In this case, a pair of balanced input conductors to which a balanced signal is input while being connected to one of two or more open-ended half-wavelength resonators, and two or more open-ended double-ended types And a pair of balanced output conductors that output a balanced signal, and may be further included. In this case, one of the pair of balanced input conductors is connected to the line part on the first independent line group side, and the other conductor is connected to the line part on the second independent line group side, and It is preferable that one conductor and the other conductor are connected to a rotationally symmetric position with a point in the short-circuit portion as a rotation center. One of the pair of balanced output conductors is connected to the line portion on the first independent line group side, and the other conductor is connected to the line portion on the second independent line group side. It is preferable that the other conductor and the other conductor are connected to a rotationally symmetric position with a point in the short-circuited portion as a rotation center.
This also makes it possible to easily realize, for example, a balanced input / output filter with a reduced size.

  According to the resonator according to the first aspect of the present invention, the line portion on the short-circuit side of each line constituting two or more quarter-wave resonators is shared as a common line portion, and two or more in the common line portion. Since the 1/4 wavelength resonators are coupled to each other, the coupling adjustment and miniaturization of the resonators can be facilitated, and the conductor loss can be reduced.

  In the resonator according to the first aspect of the present invention, in particular, the open end of the first quarter-wave resonator portion and the open end of the second quarter-wave resonator portion are connected to each other. In this case, the line portion on the short-circuit side of each line constituting two or more short-circuited half-wave resonators is shared as a common line portion, and two or more half-wave resonators are shared by the common line portion. Since the structures are coupled to each other, the coupling adjustment and miniaturization of the resonators can be facilitated and the conductor loss can be reduced when the both-end short-wave type half-wavelength resonators are coupled to each other.

  According to the resonator of the second aspect of the present invention, the other end of each independent line portion of the first independent line group and the first independent line group via the first and second connection line portions. The other end of each independent line portion is connected in common with the common line portion, and as a whole, two or more open-ended half-wavelength resonators are coupled to each other. In the case of coupling resonators, coupling adjustment and miniaturization of the resonators are facilitated, and conductor loss can be reduced.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]

  First, the resonator according to the first embodiment of the invention will be described. FIG. 1 shows a basic configuration of a resonator according to the present embodiment. This resonator is constituted by a TEM line, and has a configuration in which two quarter-wave resonators 1 and 2 are coupled as a whole. The resonator includes first and second independent line portions 11 and 12 that are formed independently of each other and have one open end, and a connection line portion that connects the other ends of the independent line portions 11 and 12 to each other. 21 and a common line portion 22 that grounds (short-circuits) the independent line portions 11 and 12 in common via the connection line portion 21. Each line portion may be a TEM line, and may be composed of a conductor pattern such as a strip line or a through conductor formed inside the dielectric substrate.

  The first independent line portion 11 constitutes an open end side line of the first quarter wavelength resonator 1, and the second independent line portion 12 is an open end side of the second quarter wavelength resonator 2. The track is configured. The line on the short-circuit end side of the first quarter-wave resonator 1 and the line on the short-circuit end side of the second quarter-wave resonator 2 serve as a common line portion 22 and are shared. The length L from the open end of the first independent line portion 11 to the short-circuit end of the common line portion 22 is set to ¼ wavelength (λ / 4). The length L from the open end of the second independent line portion 12 to the short-circuit end of the common line portion 22 is also set to ¼ wavelength (λ / 4).

  Here, in FIG. 1, the open end side has a U-shaped structure as a whole. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, even if it has a Y-shaped structure as shown in FIG. A T-shaped structure may be used as shown in FIG. Further, in FIG. 1 and FIGS. 2A and 2B, the line on the first quarter-wave resonator 1 side and the line on the second quarter-wave resonator 2 side with the center line 10 as a boundary. Are symmetric structures, but they do not necessarily have to be symmetric structures. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the structure may be asymmetrical with respect to the center line 10. That is, as long as the effective length L of each resonator portion is maintained at λ / 4, the open end side can be formed in an arbitrary shape.

Next, the operation of this resonator will be described.
In this resonator, the line portion on the short-circuit side of each line constituting the two quarter-wave resonators 1 and 2 is shared as a common line portion 22, and each quarter-wave resonator is formed by the common line portion 22. 1 and 2 are combined. Since part of the line is shared, it is easy to reduce the size. Also, there is little conductor loss due to coupling. Also, coupling adjustment can be easily performed by adjusting the length x of the common line portion 22 as described below.

For the sake of simplicity, let us consider a case where a left-right symmetric structure is used as shown in FIG. In the case of the left-right symmetric structure, the resonance structure includes an even-mode resonator (FIG. 4B) in which the symmetry plane 22C in the common line portion 22 is in an open state and an odd-mode resonance in which the symmetry plane 22C is short-circuited. It can be considered separately as a container (FIG. 4C). Here, when the resonance frequency in the even mode is fe and the resonance frequency in the odd mode is fo, the coupling coefficient k is
k = 2 | fe-fo | / (fe + fo)
And is proportional to the difference in the resonant frequency of each mode.

  Here, when the length of the common line portion 22 is x, the effective physical length of the resonator in the short-circuited state is Lx, which is effective by the length x compared to the resonator in the open state. It can be seen that the physical length is shorter. That is, the longer the length x, the shorter the effective physical length in the odd mode and the higher the resonance frequency fe. That is, the difference from the even-mode resonance frequency fo increases. As a result, this means that the degree of coupling can be freely adjusted by adjusting the length x. That is, the longer the common line portion 22 is, the longer x is, so the coupling becomes stronger.

As described above, according to this resonator, the line portion on the short-circuit side of each line constituting each quarter-wave resonator 1, 2 is shared as the common line portion 22, and each common line portion 22 Since the quarter-wave resonators 1 and 2 are coupled to each other, the coupling adjustment and miniaturization of the quarter-wave resonators 1 and 2 can be facilitated, and the conductor loss can be reduced.
<Specific configuration example>

  FIG. 5 shows a first specific configuration example of the resonator. This resonator includes a dielectric substrate 31 made of a dielectric material, and a conductor layer 32 that is entirely laminated on one surface side (lower surface side) of the dielectric substrate 31. The conductor layer 32 is provided as a ground layer. On the other surface side (upper surface side) of the dielectric substrate 31, a strip line made of a conductor line pattern is provided. Each strip portion of the quarter-wave resonators 1 and 2 is formed by this strip line. The strip line constituting the common line portion 22 is short-circuited to the conductor layer 32 which is the ground layer by the through conductor 43. An input conductor 41 is connected to the strip line constituting the first independent line portion 11. An output conductor 42 is connected to the strip line constituting the second independent line portion 12. An unbalanced signal is input through the input conductor 41, and an unbalanced signal is output through the output conductor 42.

  FIG. 6 shows a second specific configuration example. In FIG. 5, the common line portion 22 is short-circuited to the conductor layer 32 by the through conductor 43, but in FIG. 6, the common line portion 22 is short-circuited to the conductor layer 32 from the side by a conductor pattern 44 instead of the through conductor 43. It is. The conductor pattern 44 is formed by extending a strip line constituting the common line portion 22 on one side surface of the dielectric substrate 31. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.

  FIG. 7 shows a third specific configuration example. This is because the dielectric substrate 31 has a multi-layer structure, and a conductor line pattern is formed therein, whereby the line portions of the quarter-wave resonators 1 and 2, the input conductor 41 and the output conductor 42 are connected. Formed. The structure is basically the same as in FIG. 5 except that a conductor line pattern is formed inside. The input conductor 41 extends in the direction of an arbitrary side surface of the dielectric substrate 31, and the input end is exposed on the side surface. The output conductor 42 extends in an arbitrary side surface direction of the dielectric substrate 31, and an output end is exposed on the side surface. A conductor layer as a ground layer may also be provided on the upper surface, and the common line portion 22 may be short-circuited to the upper and lower conductor layers.

  8A and 8B show a fourth specific configuration example. In this configuration, capacitor electrodes 51 and 52 are arranged in the signal input / output portion, and signal input / output is performed by capacitive coupling. The basic structure other than the signal input / output portion is the same as that shown in FIG. 7. The dielectric substrate 31 has a multilayer structure, and conductor line patterns and capacitor electrodes 51 and 52 are formed therein. A conductor layer 33 as a ground layer is also provided on the upper surface, and the common line portion 22 is short-circuited to the upper and lower conductor layers. The capacitor electrode 51 is connected to one end of the input conductor 41 and is disposed so as to face the first independent line portion 11. The capacitor electrode 52 is connected to one end of the output conductor 42 and disposed so as to face the second independent line portion 12. A predetermined interval is provided between the capacitor electrodes 51 and 52 and the conductor patterns constituting the first and second independent line portions 11 and 12 so as to sandwich the dielectric layer as shown in FIG. Opposed.

Each structural example shown above can be used as a dielectric filter, for example.
[Modification of First Embodiment]

Next, a modification of the resonator according to this embodiment will be described.
<First Modification>

  FIG. 9 shows a basic configuration of a resonator according to the first modification. In this modification, capacitor electrodes 11C and 12C having a width larger than the width of the other line portions at the open ends of the two quarter-wave resonators 1 and 2, that is, the open ends of the independent line portions 11 and 12, respectively. Is formed. A configuration in which a capacitor electrode is formed only at one open end may be employed.

  When the effective length L is the same, the resonant frequencies of the quarter-wave resonators 1 and 2 are lowered by forming the capacitor electrodes 11C and 12C. On the other hand, the quarter-wave resonators 1 and 2 have a higher resonance frequency as the effective length L is shorter. Therefore, if the resonance frequency is adjusted to the resonance frequency when the capacitor electrodes 11C and 12C are not formed, that is, if the resonance frequency is not changed as compared with the configuration of FIG. 1, the capacitor electrodes 11C and 12C are formed. The effective length L as a resonator can be shortened (L <λ / 4 can be set). Thereby, further miniaturization becomes possible.

  FIG. 10 shows a specific configuration example of the resonator shown in FIG. This resonator includes a dielectric substrate 31 made of a dielectric material, and conductor layers 32 and 33 that are entirely laminated on both surfaces of the dielectric substrate 31. The conductor layers 32 and 33 are provided as ground layers. The dielectric substrate 31 has a multi-layer structure, in which a conductor line pattern and a through conductor are formed, whereby the line portions of the quarter-wave resonators 1 and 2 including the capacitor electrodes 11C and 12C and the input are formed. A conductor 41 and an output conductor 42 are formed.

The conductor pattern constituting the common line portion 22 is formed at substantially the center inside the dielectric substrate 31 and extends in one side surface direction of the dielectric substrate 31. A conductor pattern 44 is formed on one of the side surfaces, thereby short-circuiting the upper and lower conductor layers 32 and 33 that are ground layers from the side surface direction. A through conductor is connected to the inner end portion of the common line portion 22, and capacitor electrodes 11C and 12C are formed above and below via the through conductor. The capacitor electrode 11C is disposed so as to face the conductor layer 33 on the upper surface, and the capacitor electrode 12C is disposed so as to face the conductor layer 32 on the lower surface. An input conductor 41 is connected to the open end of the capacitor electrode 11C, and an output conductor 42 is connected to the open end of the capacitor electrode 12C. The input conductor 41 extends in an arbitrary side surface direction of the dielectric substrate 31, and an input end is exposed on the side surface. The output conductor 42 extends in an arbitrary side surface direction of the dielectric substrate 31, and an output end is exposed on the side surface. An unbalanced signal is input through the input conductor 41, and an unbalanced signal is output through the output conductor 42.
<Second Modification>

  The configuration in which two quarter wavelength resonators 1 and 2 are coupled as a whole has been described above, but a configuration in which three or more quarter wavelength resonators are coupled to each other is also possible.

  FIG. 11 shows a configuration example in which four quarter-wave resonators are coupled as a whole. Compared to the configuration in FIG. 1, the third independent line portion 13 constituting the open end side line of the third quarter wavelength resonator 3 and the open end side of the fourth quarter wavelength resonator 4. And a fourth independent line portion 14 constituting the line. The connecting line portion 21 has a tridental shape, and the other ends of the first and second independent line portions 11 and 12 are directly connected to each other on the first end side of the connecting line portion 21. The other ends of the third and fourth independent line portions 13 and 14 are directly connected to each other on the second end side of the connection line portion 21. The third end of the connection line portion 21 is connected to one end of the common line portion 22. Accordingly, the independent line portions 11, 12, 13, and 14 are commonly connected to one end of the common line portion 22 through the connection line portion 21 as a whole.

  Here, as illustrated, the length of the common line portion 22 is x1, and the length from the first end of the connecting line portion 21 to one end of the common line portion 22 is x2. The length from the second end of the connecting line portion 21 to one end of the common line portion 22 is also x2. In the case of the configuration of FIG. 11, the coupling between the first quarter-wave resonator 1 and the second quarter-wave resonator 2 can be performed by adjusting the length of x1 + x2. Similarly, the coupling between the third quarter-wave resonator 3 and the fourth quarter-wave resonator 4 can be performed by adjusting the length of x1 + x2. The coupling between the second quarter-wave resonator 2 and the third quarter-wave resonator 3 can be performed by adjusting the length of x1.

FIG. 12 shows a configuration example in which three quarter-wave resonators are coupled as a whole. The coupling adjustment in this case can be performed by adjusting the length x of the common line portion 22 as in the configuration of FIG.
[Second Embodiment]

Next, a resonator according to a second embodiment of the invention will be described.
FIG. 13 shows a basic configuration of the resonator according to the present embodiment. The present embodiment relates to a connection structure of a both-end short-circuited ½ wavelength resonator. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component same as the resonator which concerns on the said 1st Embodiment, and description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.

  This resonator is equivalently composed of a first quarter-wave resonator portion 51 in which two quarter-wave resonators 1A and 2A are coupled to each other as a whole, and a first one as a whole. The ¼ wavelength resonator portion 51 includes the same number of ¼ wavelength resonators 1B and 2B as the second quarter wavelength resonator portion 52. Equivalently, the open end of the first quarter-wave resonator portion 51 and the open end of the second quarter-wave resonator portion 52 are connected to each other. Thereby, it is set as the structure by which the two-ends short-wave type 1/2 wavelength resonator was couple | bonded as a whole. Equivalently, the first quarter-wave resonator 1A of the first quarter-wave resonator portion 51 and the first quarter-wave resonator 1B of the second quarter-wave resonator portion 52 are equivalent. And the 1st 1/2 wavelength resonator is comprised. Further, the second quarter-wave resonator 2A of the first quarter-wave resonator portion 51 and the second quarter-wave resonator 2B of the second quarter-wave resonator portion 52 are: A second half-wave resonator is configured.

  The structures of the first quarter-wave resonator portion 51 and the second quarter-wave resonator portion 52 are basically the same as those in FIG. That is, the first quarter-wave resonator portion 51 includes first and second independent line portions 11A and 12A that are formed independently of each other and one end of which is an open end, and each of the independent line portions 11A and 12A. A connecting line portion 21A for connecting the other ends and a common line portion 22A for grounding (short-circuiting) the independent line portions 11A and 12A in common via the connecting line portion 21A are provided. Similarly, the second quarter-wave resonator portion 52 includes first and second independent line portions 11B and 12B, a connecting line portion 21B, and a common line portion 22B.

  In this resonator, the line portions on the short-circuit side of the two lines constituting the two-end short-circuited half-wavelength resonator are shared as the common line portions 22A and 22B, and each of the common line portions 22A and 22B has 1 each. / 2 wavelength resonators are coupled together. Since part of the line is shared, it is easy to reduce the size. Also, there is little conductor loss due to coupling. In addition, basically the same theory as described with reference to FIGS. 4B and 4C, the coupling adjustment can be easily performed by adjusting the length x of the common line portions 22A and 22B.

  In the configuration example of FIG. 13, the first quarter-wave resonator portion 51 and the second quarter-wave resonator portion 52 are symmetrical with respect to the symmetry line 20 with the connection portion as a boundary. However, it is not always necessary to have a vertically symmetrical structure. That is, as long as the effective length L of each resonator portion is maintained at λ / 2, the shape can be asymmetric.

  Although a specific structure is not shown, this resonator is also made of, for example, a dielectric material in the same manner as the structure shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 and FIGS. 8A and 8B in the first embodiment. A structure using the substrate 31 and the conductor pattern can be used, for example, as a dielectric filter.

Thus, according to the resonator according to the present embodiment, when coupling both ends short-circuited ½ wavelength resonators, coupling adjustment and miniaturization of the resonators are facilitated, and conductor loss is reduced. Can be reduced.
<Modification of Second Embodiment>

Next, a modification of the resonator according to this embodiment will be described.
In the above description, the configuration in which the two short-circuited half-wavelength resonators are coupled to each other as a whole has been described. However, a configuration in which three or more double-shorted half-wavelength resonators are coupled to each other is also possible. It is.

  FIG. 14 shows a configuration example in which four short-circuited half-wave resonators as a whole are coupled to each other. This resonator is equivalently composed of a first quarter-wave resonator portion 51A having a configuration in which four quarter-wave resonators 1A, 2A, 3A, and 4A are coupled to each other as a whole. A second quarter-wave resonator portion 52A configured such that the same number of quarter-wave resonators 1B, 2B, 3B, and 4B as the first quarter-wave resonator portion 51A are coupled to each other; have. Equivalently, the open end of the first quarter-wave resonator portion 51A and the open end of the second quarter-wave resonator portion 52A are connected to each other. Thereby, it is set as the structure by which four both-ends short-circuit type 1/2 wavelength resonator was couple | bonded as a whole. Equivalently, the quarter-wave resonators 1A and 1B constitute a first half-wave resonator, and the quarter-wave resonators 2A and 2B constitute a second half-wave resonator. Has been. The quarter-wave resonators 3A and 3B constitute a third half-wave resonator, and the quarter-wave resonators 4A and 4B constitute a fourth half-wave resonator. .

  The structure of the first quarter-wave resonator portion 51A and the second quarter-wave resonator portion 52A is basically the same as that shown in FIG. That is, the first quarter-wave resonator portion 51A is closer to the open end side of the third quarter-wave resonator 3A than the first quarter-wave resonator portion 51 in the configuration of FIG. It further includes a third independent line portion 13A constituting the line and a fourth independent line portion 14A constituting the open end side line of the fourth quarter-wave resonator 4A. As a whole, the independent line portions 11A, 12A, 13A, and 14A are commonly connected to one end of the common line portion 22A via the connecting line portion 21A. Similarly, the second quarter-wave resonator portion 52A is closer to the open end side of the third quarter-wave resonator 3B than the second quarter-wave resonator portion 52 in the configuration of FIG. It further includes a third independent line portion 13B constituting the line and a fourth independent line portion 14B constituting the line on the open end side of the fourth quarter-wave resonator 4B. As a whole, the independent line portions 11B, 12B, 13B, and 14B are commonly connected to one end of the common line portion 22B via the connection line portion 21B.

  Here, in the same manner as the resonator of FIG. 11, this resonator is also composed of the first 1/2 wavelength resonator and the 1/4 wavelength resonators 2A, 2B constituted by the 1/4 wavelength resonators 1A, 1B. The coupling with the configured second half-wave resonator can be performed by adjusting the length of x1 + x2 shown in the figure. Similarly, the coupling between the third half-wave resonator and the fourth half-wave resonator can be performed by adjusting the length of x1 + x2. The coupling between the second half-wave resonator and the third half-wave resonator can be performed by adjusting the length of x1.

  FIG. 15 shows a configuration example in which three short-circuited half-wavelength resonators as a whole are coupled to each other. This resonator is equivalently composed of a first quarter-wave resonator portion 51B having a configuration in which three quarter-wave resonators 1A, 2A, and 3A are coupled as a whole, and a first as a whole. A quarter wavelength resonator portion 51B, and the same number of quarter wavelength resonators 1B, 2B, and 3B are coupled to each other. Yes. Equivalently, the open end of the first quarter-wave resonator portion 51B and the open end of the second quarter-wave resonator portion 52B are connected to each other. As a result, the configuration is such that the three short-circuited half-wave resonators as a whole are coupled to each other. Equivalently, the quarter-wave resonators 1A and 1B constitute a first half-wave resonator, and the quarter-wave resonators 2A and 2B constitute a second half-wave resonator. Has been. The quarter wavelength resonators 3A and 3B constitute a third half wavelength resonator.

The structures of the first quarter-wave resonator portion 51B and the second quarter-wave resonator portion 52B are basically the same as those shown in FIG. The coupling adjustment in this case can be performed by adjusting the length x of the common line portions 22A and 22B, as in the configuration of FIG.
[Third Embodiment]

Next, a resonator according to a third embodiment of the invention will be described.
FIG. 16 shows a basic configuration of the resonator according to the present embodiment. The present embodiment relates to a connection structure of a half-wave resonator with open both ends. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component same as the resonator which concerns on the said 1st Embodiment, and description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.

  Before describing the configuration of the resonator shown in FIG. 16, the characteristics of the electric field distribution in a general open-ended half-wavelength resonator will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 17, in the open-ended half-wavelength resonator, the electric field is zero at the center in the longitudinal direction, and it can be considered that the portion is equivalently short-circuited. Further, the absolute value of the magnitude of the electric field is maximized at both ends. The phase of the electric field at the symmetrical position differs by 180 ° with respect to the symmetrical line 20 including the equivalently short-circuited portion, and the signs of the electric fields are opposite to each other.

  Returning to FIG. 16, the structure of this resonator will be described. This resonator is equivalent to a first 1 in which two quarter-wave resonators 1A and 2A are coupled as a whole. / 4 wavelength resonator portion 61 and a second 1/2 in which the same number of 1/4 wavelength resonators 1B and 2B as the first ¼ wavelength resonator portion 61 are coupled together. And a four-wavelength resonator portion 62. Here, as described above, the open-ended half-wavelength resonator can be considered to be equivalently short-circuited at the center, and therefore the resonator shown in FIG. It can be considered that the short-circuit end of the four-wavelength resonator portion 61 and the short-circuit end of the second quarter-wave resonator portion 62 are connected to each other. As a result, the two open-ended half-wavelength resonators are coupled together as a whole. Equivalently, the first quarter-wave resonator 1 </ b> A of the first quarter-wave resonator portion 61 and the first quarter-wave resonator 1 </ b> B of the second quarter-wave resonator portion 62. And the 1st 1/2 wavelength resonator is comprised. Further, the second quarter-wave resonator 2A of the first quarter-wave resonator portion 61 and the second quarter-wave resonator 2B of the second quarter-wave resonator portion 62 are: A second half-wave resonator is configured.

  The structures of the first quarter-wave resonator portion 61 and the second quarter-wave resonator portion 62 are equivalent to those shown in FIG. That is, the first quarter-wave resonator portion 61 includes a first independent line group including first and second independent line portions 11A and 12A, which are formed independently of each other and one end is an open end, A first connection line portion 21A that connects the other ends of the independent line portions 11A and 12A is provided. The second quarter-wave resonator portion 62 includes a second independent line group including first and second independent line portions 11B and 12B that are formed independently of each other and are open at one end. A second connection line portion 21B that connects the other ends of the line portions 11B and 12B is provided. The other independent line portions 11A and 12A of the first independent line group and the independent line portions 11B and 12B of the second independent line group via the first and second connection line portions 21A and 21B. Are connected in common by a common line portion 22. Each line portion may be a TEM line, and may be composed of a conductor pattern such as a strip line or a through conductor formed inside the dielectric substrate.

  The length L from the open end of the first independent line portion 11A in the first independent line group to the open end of the first independent line portion 11B in the second independent line group is ½ wavelength (λ / 2) It is said that. The length L from the open end of the second independent line portion 12A in the first independent line group to the open end of the second independent line portion 12B in the second independent line group is also ½ wavelength (λ / 2) It is said that.

  In this resonator, the line part on the first independent line group side and the line part on the second independent line group side have a short-circuit part equivalently short-circuited as a boundary. The structures are line symmetrical with each other. Thereby, for example, a balanced input / output filter with reduced size can be easily realized. A configuration example of the balanced input / output filter will be described later as a modified example.

  In this resonator, in each line constituting two open-ended half-wavelength resonators, the line portion on the short-circuit portion side that is equivalently short-circuited is shared as a common line portion 22, and the common line portion At 22, each half-wave resonator is coupled. Since part of the line is shared, it is easy to reduce the size. Also, there is little conductor loss due to coupling. Further, basically, the same reasoning as that described with reference to FIGS. 4B and 4C is used, and the coupling adjustment can be easily performed by adjusting the length x of the common line portion 22.

  Although a specific structure is not shown, this resonator is also made of, for example, a dielectric material in the same manner as the structure shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 and FIGS. 8A and 8B in the first embodiment. A structure using the substrate 31 and the conductor pattern can be used, for example, as a dielectric filter.

As described above, according to the resonator according to the present embodiment, in the case of coupling the open-ended ½ wavelength resonators, the coupling adjustment and miniaturization of the resonators are facilitated, and the conductor loss is reduced. Can be reduced.
[Modification of Third Embodiment]

Next, a modification of the resonator according to this embodiment will be described.
<First Modification>

  In the above description, the configuration in which two open-ended half-wavelength resonators are coupled to each other has been described. However, a configuration in which three or more open-ended half-wavelength resonators are coupled to each other is also possible. It is.

  FIG. 18 shows a configuration example in which four open-ended ½ wavelength resonators are coupled as a whole. This resonator is equivalently composed of a first quarter-wave resonator portion 61A having a configuration in which four quarter-wave resonators 1A, 2A, 3A, and 4A are coupled to each other as a whole. A second quarter-wave resonator portion 62A configured such that the same number of quarter-wave resonators 1B, 2B, 3B, and 4B as the first quarter-wave resonator portion 61A are coupled to each other; have. Since the open-ended half-wavelength resonator can be considered to be equivalently short-circuited at the center as described above, the resonator shown in FIG. 18 is equivalent to the first quarter-wavelength resonance. It can be considered that the short-circuit end of the resonator portion 61A and the short-circuit end of the second quarter-wave resonator portion 62A are connected to each other. As a result, the four open-ended ½ wavelength resonators are combined as a whole. Equivalently, the quarter-wave resonators 1A and 1B constitute a first half-wave resonator, and the quarter-wave resonators 2A and 2B constitute a second half-wave resonator. Has been. The quarter-wave resonators 3A and 3B constitute a third half-wave resonator, and the quarter-wave resonators 4A and 4B constitute a fourth half-wave resonator. .

  The structures of the first quarter-wave resonator portion 61A and the second quarter-wave resonator portion 62A are equivalent to those in FIG. That is, the first quarter-wave resonator portion 61A has a third quarter-wavelength as a first independent line group compared to the first quarter-wave resonator portion 61 in the configuration of FIG. A third independent line portion 13A constituting the open end side line of the resonator 3A and a fourth independent line portion 14A constituting the open end side line of the fourth quarter-wave resonator 4A are further provided. I have. Similarly, the second quarter-wave resonator portion 62A has a third quarter-wavelength as a second independent line group as compared with the second quarter-wave resonator portion 62 in the configuration of FIG. A third independent line portion 13B constituting a line on the open end side of the resonator 3B and a fourth independent line portion 14B constituting a line on the open end side of the fourth quarter-wave resonator 4B; I have. And the other end of each independent line portion 11A, 12A, 13A, 14A of the first independent line group and each independent line of the second independent line group via the first and second connecting line portions 21A, 21B The other ends of the portions 11B, 12B, 13B, and 14B are commonly connected by the common line portion 22.

Here, in the same manner as the resonator of FIG. 11, this resonator is also composed of the first 1/2 wavelength resonator and the 1/4 wavelength resonators 2A, 2B constituted by the 1/4 wavelength resonators 1A, 1B. The coupling with the configured second half-wave resonator can be performed by adjusting the length of x1 + x2 shown in the figure. Similarly, the coupling between the third half-wave resonator and the fourth half-wave resonator can be performed by adjusting the length of x1 + x2. The coupling between the second half-wave resonator and the third half-wave resonator can be performed by adjusting the length of x1.
<Second Modification>

  FIG. 19 shows a basic configuration of a resonator according to the second modification. This modification is larger than the width of the other line portions at the open ends of the two half-wave resonators, that is, at the open ends of the independent line portions 11A, 12A and 11B, 12B, with respect to the configuration of FIG. Capacitor electrodes 11C and 12C having a width are formed. A configuration in which a capacitor electrode is formed only at one open end may be employed.

When the effective length L is the same, the resonance frequency of the half-wave resonator is lowered by forming the capacitor electrodes 11C and 12C. On the other hand, the half-wave resonator has a higher resonance frequency as the effective length L is shorter. Therefore, if the resonance frequency is adjusted to the resonance frequency when the capacitor electrodes 11C and 12C are not formed, that is, if the resonance frequency is not changed as compared with the configuration of FIG. 16, the capacitor electrodes 11C and 12C are formed. The effective length L as a resonator can be shortened (L <λ / 2 can be set). Thereby, further miniaturization becomes possible.
<Third Modification>

  FIG. 20 shows a basic configuration of a resonator according to the third modification. This resonator further includes a pair of balanced input conductors 41A and 41B to which a balanced signal is input and a pair of balanced output conductors 42A and 42B that output a balanced signal, compared to the resonator of FIG. . The pair of balanced input conductors 41A and 41B are connected to the line portion of the first ½ wavelength resonator including the first ¼ wavelength resonators 1A and 1B. The pair of balanced output conductors 42A and 42B is connected to the line portion of the second ½ wavelength resonator including the second ¼ wavelength resonators 2A and 2B.

  Of the pair of balanced input conductors 41A and 41B, one conductor 41A is connected to the line part on the first independent line group side, and the other conductor 41B is connected to the line part on the second independent line group side. Has been. In addition, one conductor 41A and the other conductor 41B are connected to each other at symmetrical positions with respect to the symmetry line 20 including an equivalent short-circuit portion. As already described with reference to FIG. 17, the open-ended half-wavelength resonator has an electric field phase of 180 ° different from that of the symmetry line 20. Thus, a balanced signal can be satisfactorily input from the pair of balanced output conductors 41A and 41B.

  In addition, one conductor 42A of the pair of balanced output conductors 42A and 42B is connected to the line portion on the first independent line group side, and the other conductor 42B is connected to the line portion on the second independent line group side. It is connected. In addition, one conductor 42A and the other conductor 42B are connected to positions symmetrical to each other with respect to the symmetry line 20 including an equivalent short-circuit portion. In the open-ended half-wavelength resonator, the phase of the electric field at a symmetrical position differs from the symmetrical line 20 by 180 °, and therefore, a pair of balanced output conductors 42A and 42B are connected by connecting at symmetrical positions. Can output a balanced signal satisfactorily.

  Thus, by providing the pair of balanced input conductors 41A and 41B and the pair of balanced output conductors 42A and 42B, for example, a balanced input / output filter can be easily realized.

FIGS. 21 and 22 show specific configuration examples of the resonator in which the configuration of FIG. 19 and the configuration of FIG. 20 are combined. That is, a specific configuration example of a resonator having a configuration in which the capacitor electrodes 11C and 12C in FIG. 19 are formed at the open end of the half-wave resonator in FIG. This resonator includes a dielectric substrate 31 having a multilayer structure made of a dielectric material. In this multilayer dielectric substrate 31, a planar first conductor layer 32, a second conductor layer 33, and a third conductor layer 34, which are ground layers, are formed in this order from the lower layer side. . Inside the dielectric substrate 31, a conductor line pattern and a through conductor are also formed, whereby each line portion of the half-wave resonator including the capacitor electrodes 11C and 12C and the balanced input conductors 41A and 41B and The balanced output conductors 42A and 42B are formed.
This resonator has a three-dimensional structure that is plane-symmetric with respect to the YX cross section including a portion that is equivalently short-circuited (a central portion of the common line portion 22).

  The conductor layers 32, 33, and 34 are electrically connected by conductor patterns 44 </ b> A and 44 </ b> B formed on side surfaces of the dielectric substrate 31 that face each other. Inside the dielectric substrate 31, between the first conductor layer 32 and the second conductor layer 33, the conductor line pattern constituting the common line portion 22 and the connecting line portions 21A and 21B are formed. A conductor line pattern and a conductor line pattern constituting a part of each independent line portion 11A, 12A, 11B, 12B are formed.

  The capacitor electrodes 11 </ b> C and 12 </ b> C are formed between the second conductor layer 33 and the third conductor layer 34. The second conductor layer 33 is provided with four openings, and four through conductors 43A to 43D are formed so as to penetrate the four openings. The through conductor 43A electrically connects the end of the line pattern constituting the independent line portion 12A and one of the capacitor electrodes 12C. The through conductor 43B conducts the end of the line pattern constituting the independent line portion 12B and the other capacitor electrode 12C. The through conductor 43C electrically connects the end of the line pattern constituting the independent line portion 11A and one of the capacitor electrodes 11C. The through conductor 43D electrically connects the end of the line pattern constituting the independent line portion 11B and the other capacitor electrode 11C.

  The pair of balanced input conductors 41A and 41B extend in an arbitrary side surface direction of the dielectric substrate 31, and an input end is exposed on the side surface. One end of one balanced input conductor 41A is connected to the bottom surface of the through conductor 43C, and one end of the other balanced input conductor 41B is connected to the bottom surface of the through conductor 43D. The pair of balanced output conductors 42A and 42B extends in an arbitrary side surface direction of the dielectric substrate 31, and an output end is exposed on the side surface. One end of one balanced output conductor 42A is connected in the middle of the through conductor 43A, and one end of the other balanced output conductor 42B is connected in the middle of the through conductor 43B.

  Note that the number of capacitor electrodes 11C and 12C and the conductor layers 33 and 34 may be increased, and a multilayer structure having more layers than the illustrated state may be used. In this case, the conductor layers are arranged opposite to each other with the capacitor electrodes interposed therebetween (so that the capacitor electrodes and the conductor layers are alternately arranged opposite to each other) to form a multilayer structure. As a result, the capacitance of the capacitor formed at the open end can be increased, which is advantageous for further miniaturization. Also, the position where the pair of balanced input conductors 41A and 41B and the pair of balanced output conductors 42A and 42B are connected is not limited to the illustrated position as long as the position is in a balanced positional relationship.

With such a configuration, it can be used as, for example, a balanced input / output dielectric filter.
<Fourth Modification>

  FIGS. 23A and 23B show the basic configuration of a resonator according to the fourth modification. This resonator has the first and second independent line group (first and second independent line portions 11A and 12A) side line portions and the first short line portion as equivalently short-circuited in the half-wave resonator. The two independent line groups (first and second independent line portions 11B and 12B) side line portions have a rotationally symmetric structure with the point 20C in the short-circuited portion as a rotation center. The pair of balanced input conductors 41A and 41B are connected to the line portion of the first ½ wavelength resonator including the first ¼ wavelength resonators 1A and 1B. The pair of balanced output conductors 42A and 42B is connected to the line portion of the second ½ wavelength resonator including the second ¼ wavelength resonators 2A and 2B.

  In this structure, of the pair of balanced input conductors 41A and 41B, one conductor 41A is connected to the line portion on the first independent line group side, and the other conductor 41B is on the second independent line group side. It is connected to the track part. The one conductor 41A and the other conductor 41B are connected to a rotationally symmetric position about the point 20C in the short-circuited portion. In the open-ended half-wavelength resonator, the phase of the electric field at a symmetric position is 180 ° with respect to the symmetric line 20, and therefore a pair of balanced output conductors 41A and 41B is connected by connecting at a symmetric position. Therefore, the balanced signal can be input satisfactorily.

  In addition, one conductor 42A of the pair of balanced output conductors 42A and 42B is connected to the line portion on the first independent line group side, and the other conductor 42B is connected to the line portion on the second independent line group side. It is connected. The one conductor 42A and the other conductor 42B are connected to a rotationally symmetric position with the point 20C in the short-circuited portion as the rotation center. In the open-ended half-wavelength resonator, the phase of the electric field at a symmetrical position differs from the symmetrical line 20 by 180 °, and therefore, a pair of balanced output conductors 42A and 42B are connected by connecting at symmetrical positions. Can output a balanced signal satisfactorily.

  Although a specific structure is not shown, this resonator can be realized by a structure using, for example, the dielectric substrate 31, a conductor pattern, and a through conductor, similarly to the structure shown in FIG. By adopting such a rotationally symmetric three-dimensional structure, the overall size can be further reduced.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to said each embodiment and its modification, A various change is possible. For example, in each of the above-described embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 19, for example, capacitor electrodes 11C and 12C having a width larger than the widths of the other line portions are provided at the open ends of the individual line portions. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a capacitor electrode having the same width as other line portions is provided at the open end of each independent line portion, and a plurality of layers are stacked so as to face the capacitor electrodes. The capacitor electrode may be provided, and the capacitor electrode may be formed by a plurality of these multilayered electrodes. Furthermore, a capacitor electrode having the same width as that of the other line portions may be provided at the open end of each independent line portion, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric portion facing the capacitor electrode may be increased.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the 1st example of the basic composition of the resonator which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 2nd example (A) and 3rd example (B) of the basic composition of the resonator which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 4th example of the basic composition of the resonator which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the coupling effect | action in the resonator which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the 1st specific structural example of the resonator which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the 2nd specific structural example of the resonator which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the 3rd specific structural example of the resonator which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 6 is a perspective view (A) and a sectional view (B) showing a fourth specific configuration example of the resonator according to the first embodiment of the invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 1st modification of the resonator which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the specific structural example of the 1st modification of the resonator which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 1st structural example of the 2nd modification of the resonator which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 2nd structural example of the 2nd modification of the resonator which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the basic composition of the resonator which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 1st modification of the resonator which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 2nd modification of the resonator which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the basic composition of the resonator which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows electric field distribution of a 1/2 wavelength resonator. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 1st modification of the resonator which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 2nd modification of the resonator which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 3rd modification of the resonator which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 21 is a perspective view illustrating a specific configuration example of the resonator illustrated in FIGS. 19 and 20. FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a specific configuration example of the resonator illustrated in FIGS. 19 and 20. It is the perspective view (A) and side view (B) which show the 4th modification of the resonator which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 1st example of the coupling | bonding method of a quarter wavelength resonator. It is explanatory drawing which shows the 2nd example of the coupling | bonding method of a quarter wavelength resonator.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 2 ... 1/4 wavelength resonator, 11C, 12C ... Capacitor electrode, 11, 12 ... Independent line part, 21 ... Connection line part, 22 ... Common line part.

Claims (9)

A resonator composed of a TEM line,
A plurality of independent line portions that are formed independently of each other and that are open at one end,
A connecting line portion for connecting the other ends of the independent line portions, and
A common line portion that grounds each independent line portion in common via the connection line portion, and
A resonator characterized in that two or more quarter-wave resonators are coupled together as a whole. The resonator according to claim 1, wherein a capacitor electrode is formed at at least one open end of the plurality of independent line portions. A first quarter-wave resonator portion that is configured by coupling two or more quarter-wave resonators as a whole;
A second quarter-wave resonator portion that is configured such that the same number of quarter-wave resonators are coupled together as the first quarter-wave resonator portion as a whole,
The open end of the first quarter-wave resonator portion and the open end of the second quarter-wave resonator portion are connected to each other, and two or more short-circuited half-wave resonators as a whole The resonator according to claim 1, wherein the resonators are coupled to each other. A resonator composed of a TEM line,
A first independent line group having a plurality of independent line portions formed independently of each other and having one end open;
A first connection line portion for connecting the other ends of the independent line portions in the first independent line group;
A second group of independent lines formed independently of each other and having a plurality of independent line portions with one end being an open end;
A second connecting line portion for connecting the other ends of the independent line portions in the second independent line group;
The other end of each independent line portion of the first independent line group and the other end of each independent line portion of the first independent line group are commonly connected via the first and second connection line portions. With a common line section,
A resonator characterized in that two or more open-ended half-wavelength resonators are combined as a whole. 5. The resonator according to claim 4, wherein a capacitor electrode is formed at at least one open end of each independent line portion in the first and second independent line groups. With the short-circuit portion equivalently short-circuited in the half-wave resonator as a boundary, the line portion on the first independent line group side and the line portion on the second independent line group side are the short-circuit portion. 6. The resonator according to claim 4, wherein the resonator has a line-symmetrical or plane-symmetrical structure with respect to the included line or plane. A pair of balanced input conductors connected to one of the two or more open-ended half-wavelength resonators and receiving a balanced signal;
A pair of balanced output conductors that are connected to another resonator of the two or more open-ended half-wavelength resonators and that output a balanced signal;
One conductor of the pair of balanced input conductors is connected to the line part on the first independent line group side, and the other conductor is connected to the line part on the second independent line group side, and The one conductor and the other conductor are connected to each other in a line-symmetrical or plane-symmetrical position with respect to a line or a plane including the short-circuit portion,
One conductor of the pair of balanced output conductors is connected to the line part on the first independent line group side, and the other conductor is connected to the line part on the second independent line group side, and The resonator according to claim 6, wherein the one conductor and the other conductor are connected to each other in a line-symmetrical or plane-symmetrical position with respect to a line or a plane including the short-circuit portion. The line part on the first independent line group side and the line part on the second independent line group side are mutually connected to each other with the short-circuit part equivalently short-circuited in the half-wave resonator as a boundary. 6. The resonator according to claim 4, wherein the resonator has a rotationally symmetric structure with an inner point as a rotation center. A pair of balanced input conductors connected to one of the two or more open-ended half-wavelength resonators and receiving a balanced signal;
A pair of balanced output conductors that are connected to another resonator of the two or more open-ended half-wavelength resonators and that output a balanced signal;
One conductor of the pair of balanced input conductors is connected to the line part on the first independent line group side, and the other conductor is connected to the line part on the second independent line group side, and The one conductor and the other conductor are connected to each other at a rotationally symmetric position around a point in the short-circuited portion;
One conductor of the pair of balanced output conductors is connected to the line part on the first independent line group side, and the other conductor is connected to the line part on the second independent line group side, and The resonator according to claim 8, wherein the one conductor and the other conductor are connected to each other at a rotationally symmetric position with a point in the short-circuit portion as a rotation center.

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