JP2006269073A - Multipurpose information storage medium, storage method, reproducing method and reproducing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a data structure having superior compatibility for various kinds of information recording media. <P>SOLUTION: In this storage medium 9, a user data recording region 303 and an intermediate region 301 are alternatively arranged and information used for synchronization matching is recorded in the intermediate region. Moreover, a special relationship has been established among starting positions of a post-amble and a specific wobble pattern, the recording start position of recording data and the writing end position of the preceding recording data in a recording unit. Furthermore, the recording data include an ECC block and at least either of the specific wobble patterns is arranged immediately prior to an ECC block start position. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a multipurpose information storage medium, a storage method, a playback method, and a playback device. The present invention relates to an optical recording medium, an information storage medium capable of optical reproduction, a data structure recorded on the information storage medium, an information reproduction apparatus, an information recording / reproduction apparatus, an information reproduction method, and an information recording / reproduction method. The present invention can also be applied to communication facilities using the data structure.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, the improvement of the data format (recording data format) recorded on the information storage medium, the improvement of the recording method or the reproduction method for recording information on the information storage medium, and the information reproducing apparatus or information recording / reproducing apparatus Explains the improvements.

  Examples where the present invention is effective include next-generation DVD format, next-generation DVD-ROM recording format, next-generation DVD-R / RW recording format, next-generation DVD-ROM and DVD-R / RW, or This is effective as a technique for ensuring compatibility between DVD and RAM.

In recent years, in the field of optical discs in which the information recording density has been increased, various formats have been mixed. As optical disks, read-only information storage media (DVD-ROM), recordable information storage media (DVD-R), and rewritable information storage media (DVD-RW or DVD-RAM) have been developed.
Japanese Patent No. 2720875 Japanese translation of PCT publication No. 2003-512663 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-027127 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-176504

  In the field of optical discs in which various formats are mixed as described above, it is inconvenient for users and manufacturers to purchase and manufacture playback devices, recording devices, and the like.

  Accordingly, in view of the above problems, the present invention has developed a data structure with excellent compatibility for various information recording media, and a data reproducing method, recording method, reproducing device, recording device, recording / reproducing method and device. Furthermore, it is an object to provide a recording medium.

  According to the present invention, a sector, which is a unit of information, is defined, an error correction block configured by collecting one or more of the sectors is defined as recording data, and at least a part of the error correction block is recorded. A recording track including an area and a plurality of intermediate areas arranged between the plurality of user data recording areas, and the user data recording area and the recording area arranged on the upper surface are wobbled on the sides thereof, The intermediate area includes a data area represented by the wobble pattern for synchronization corresponding to the user data recording area, and also includes a postamble area, and further includes recording of the recording data. A position shifted backward from the start position of the specific wobble pattern corresponding to the position is the recording of the recording data. The recording data of the recording unit that is set at the start position and precedes the unit in which the recording data starts to be written is recorded up to the middle position of the specific wobble pattern, and the recording data includes an ECC block. Yes, one ECC block is composed of 32 physical sectors, and the one ECC block is composed of a combination of two small ECC blocks, and a plurality of the specific wobbles provided on the recording track. At least one of the patterns is arranged immediately before the ECC block start position recorded on the recording track.

  By the above means, recording efficiency is good, and access to the recording start position at the time of additional recording or reproduction is easy.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  First, in order to make the point of interest of the present invention easier to understand, the data structure in the current optical disc and its reproducing means or recording means will be described.

  The DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) standard is described in a standard document created by the DVD Forum. Here, the pattern of “scramble method of main data (MainData)”, “data structure in sector”, “method of configuring ECC (ErrorCorrectionCode) block”, “SYNCCode (Synchronous code: synchronization code during playback)” and The “insertion method” is common to all read-only information storage media (DVD-ROM), recordable information storage media (DVD-R), and rewritable information storage media (DVD-RW or DVD-RAM). And compatibility on the format at the time of playback is ensured.

  In the present invention, as described above, the recording format (data structure of information recorded on the information storage medium) is a reproduction-only information storage medium (DVD-ROM) or a recordable information storage medium (DVD-R). , An information storage medium that is shared by rewritable information storage media (DVD-RW or DVD-RAM) and that ensures compatibility in the format at the time of reproduction is referred to as “multi-purpose information storage medium (DigitalVersatileDisk)”, (Meaning that it can be adapted to each purpose of read-only purpose, appending purpose, and rewriting purpose).

[Points focused on various discs]
Here, the characteristics of various optical disks are described, and the problems are also described.

  (A) DVD-R currently exists as an additionally recordable information storage medium.

  The DVD-R records data in exactly the same format as the DVD-ROM, which is a read-only information storage medium. The next border marker ("NextBorderMarker") is recorded as the original data before scrambled / modulated at the end of a series of recordings. A border-out area (BorderoutArea) where repeated data of “00” is recorded for a long time is recorded.

  After that, when adding new information, the border-in area (BorderinArea) is recorded after the BorderoutArea, then the user information (exactly the same format as the DVD-ROM) is recorded, and after the user information recording is finished, the BorderoutArea is recorded again. Record.

  When such a method is adopted, if user information is frequently added on one information storage medium, an unnecessary recording area is increased when viewed from the user information of Borderout / Borderin, and one information storage is performed. There arises a problem that the amount of user information that can be recorded on the medium is reduced (recording efficiency is reduced).

  As described above, the reason why it is necessary to record Borderin / Borderout for each additional recording is as follows.

  (A1) Reason: To ensure tracking stability during access.

  After DVD-ROM standardization and commercialization, DVD-R standardization and commercialization were performed. Information recorded on a DVD-R disc (recordable information storage medium) needs to be reproducible by a reproduction-only information reproducing apparatus for a previously produced DVD-ROM disc. Currently, the DPD (Differential Phase Detection) method is used for most of the track deviation detection methods performed at the time of reproducing a DVD-ROM disc.

  A DVD-R disc in an unrecorded state is formed with a continuous groove (Pregroove), and a push-pull method is used as a method of detecting a track shift at an unrecorded location. In the recorded area on the DVD-R disc, the track deviation can be detected by the DPD method for the above reason.

  Therefore, in the DVD-R disc, the track deviation detection method differs between the recorded area and the unrecorded area. In such a situation, for example, when data reproduction of an already recorded area is performed immediately after coarse access for moving the entire optical head to move the reproduction position, the optical head is mistakenly recorded in the unrecorded area at the coarse access stage. If it is moved to (2) and tracking is to be performed, there is a problem that tracking cannot be performed because it is impossible to detect a track shift by the DPD. Therefore, tracking is stabilized by recording Borderin / Borderout.

  (A2) Reason: In order to solve the problem of synchronization shift between recorded area data before additional recording and data after additional recording.

  A problem when another data is additionally written on the DVD-R disc immediately after the recorded area in accordance with the DVD-ROM format will be described. In this case, the frequency and phase of the reference clock when the data of the already recorded area in which the frequency and phase of the reference clock used for creating the recording pulse in the information recording / reproducing apparatus exist immediately before are recorded. Since they cannot be completely matched, a synchronization shift occurs between the recorded area data before additional recording and the data after additional recording. Therefore, when additional recording is performed in this way, a phase shift occurs between the data before and after the additional recording start position, and a bit shift error is likely to occur. Therefore, when adding new data, place BorderoutArea behind the recorded area before adding data, and by adding BorderinArea before recording user data at the additional data recording location, the front and back The accuracy of synchronization at the user data positions before and after the additional recording start position is ensured by separating the physical distance between the user data and re-synchronizing the information reproducing device within the BorderinArea.

  (B) DVD-RW exists as a rewritable information storage medium.

  As a method for rewriting information on a DVD-RW, there is a recording method called Restricted Overwrite. This method is a recording method in which the next data can be added or rewritten after the already recorded data without recording the above-mentioned Borderin / Borderout.

  However, since the recording method using RestrictedOverwrite rewrites new data by destroying a part of already recorded data, the reliability of the already recorded data is remarkably lowered. The reason (problem) for destroying a part of already recorded data when the recording method based on RestrictedOverwrite is used is as follows.

  (B1) The DVD-ROM does not have a synchronization alignment preparation area necessary for reproducing additional writing or rewriting information.

  In other words, since the current DVD-ROM mainly plays back AV (Audio & Video) information and installs programs, there are not so many requests for high-speed access and for shortening the time until playback start time. . Therefore, there is no recording area of VFO (Variable Frequency Oscillator) used as information for specific synchronization as the data structure of the data recorded on the current DVD-ROM, and the data structure in which user data is continuously recorded. Is taking.

  When the information reproducing apparatus reproduces information from the DVD-ROM disk, the optical head accesses an appropriate position, and synchronization is performed using a reproduction signal from already recorded user data. Therefore, in this method, since the synchronization is not completed for the reproduction data immediately after access, the user data cannot be decoded. The user data can be reproduced / decoded from the point where the synchronization is completed after a while after the access is completed. If an attempt is made to add or rewrite data on a sector basis in accordance with the data structure of the DVD-ROM, as described in (2) above, the already-recorded sector data and immediately after that are added or rewritten. A synchronization error occurs with the sector data that has been performed, and it becomes impossible to continuously reproduce the data before and after the sector data.

  The following method is adopted as a provisional solution to the above problem. That is, in the RestrictedOverwrite mode on DVD-RW, there is no VFO for synchronization on DVD-ROM. Instead, a part of the recorded sector data immediately before the recording start position is crushed as a preparation area for synchronization (running period) to create a preparation area for synchronization. The preparation area for synchronization is detected, the recording start position is determined, and accurate reproduction from the recording start position is enabled.

  In the RestrictedOverwrite method, prior synchronization is completed so that data can be reproduced / decoded from the recording start position of the newly added or rewritten portion.

  However, with this method, the recorded data immediately before the start of new recording or rewriting is destroyed (to create a preparation area for synchronization), and the reliability of the playback operation in the destroyed part is greatly lost. To do.

  (C) A DVD-ROM exists as a read-only information storage medium.

  (C1) In a DVD-ROM, when data is recorded in units of sectors and a desired point is accessed, identification data (IdentificationData; DataID1 in the embodiment of the present invention) recorded at the head position of each Sector is accessed. Information) is played back. As a result, the position (address) information of each Sector can be confirmed. However, in the current DVD-ROM, since 16 Sectors constitute one ECC block (Error Correction Code), it is necessary to sequentially reproduce information from the Sector located at the head of the ECC block. At present, there is no method for directly finding the head position of the ECC block, and there is no choice but to reproduce the data sequentially for each sector while sequentially decoding the identification data of the sector, and it takes time to access the head position of the ECC block.

  In view of this, the present invention is to enable the additional writing of the segment unit without destroying the recorded user data in the next generation DVD-R while ensuring the compatibility between the next generation DVD-ROM and the next generation DVD-R. It is aimed.

  That is, when the above contents are expressed in more detailed terms, a read-only information storage medium is provided that ensures compatibility with information storage media that can additionally write or rewrite information in segment units. In addition, in the above-described additional recording or rewritable information storage medium, even if additional recording or rewriting is performed in segment units, high reliability is ensured for the recorded data without destroying the data in the already recorded area. is there.

  Provided is a data structure (recording format) of an information storage medium or a recording method, a reproducing method, an information recording / reproducing apparatus, and an information reproducing apparatus for an information storage medium that can realize such an object.

  Further, in the present invention, the data structure (recording format) of an information storage medium capable of speeding up access to the head position of the ECC block as a single next-generation DVD-ROM alone, a recording method to the information storage medium suitable for the data structure, and Another object of the present invention is to provide a reproducing method, an information recording / reproducing apparatus, and an information reproducing apparatus.

[Explanation of outline shown in each figure]
Next, the contents shown in each drawing will be described.

  1 and 2 are shown for explaining the basic concept of the present invention. FIG. 3 shows a read-only information storage medium according to the present invention or one segment area (recording unit of continuous data) in the read-only area of the information storage medium.

  4 and 5 are shown for explaining advantages of the data arrangement method on the information storage medium according to the present invention. FIG. 6 shows one segment area (recording unit of continuous data) in the recording area (recordable area or rewritable area) of the recordable information storage medium according to the present invention. FIG. 7 shows a first example of the user data recording method in the recording area (recordable area or rewritable area) of the recordable information storage medium according to the present invention. 8 and 9 are shown for explaining the structure on the recordable information storage medium and the user data recording method shown in FIG. 8 and 9 show examples in which the wobble modulation pattern is changed between the start position and the non-start position of the ECC block. However, in addition to this, even if information (for example, segment ID information) indicating the position where the mark (or segment) is located in the ECC block is recorded in advance in the recording start positioning mark. Good.

  FIG. 10 is shown for explaining the necessity of the gap region shown in FIGS. Further, FIGS. 11 and 12 show second and third examples of user data recording methods in the recording area (recordable area or rewritable area) of the recordable information storage medium according to the present invention.

  13, FIG. 14, FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 are shown for explaining the ECC block in the present invention. 17, FIG. 18, and FIG. 19 are shown for explaining the sync frame structure in one physical sector data. FIG. 20 shows the synchronization code according to the present invention. 20, in the pattern of the synchronization position detection code 121, the interval between “1” and “1” is longer than (1) the maximum length that can be generated by the modulation rule (in the example of the figure, “0” is “K + 3” continues (2) Does not include the closest (minimum) length that can occur in the modulation rule (includes a pattern of “0” followed by “2”).

  FIG. 21 shows an example of the arrangement of synchronization codes in one physical sector. This arrangement structure employs the same arrangement structure for both the read-only area and the recording area. FIGS. 22 and 23 illustrate a method for determining the sync frame position in one physical sector data from the arrangement order of the sync frame position identification codes in the synchronization code.

  24, 25, 26, and 27 are shown for explaining other examples of the common data structure recorded on the information storage medium of the present invention.

  FIG. 28 shows the configuration of the recording system of the information recording / reproducing apparatus. FIG. 29 shows the configuration of the reproduction system of the information recording / reproducing apparatus. FIG. 30 shows the internal structure of the scramble circuit. FIG. 31 shows the internal structure of the descrambling circuit.

  32, 33, 33, and 35 are diagrams showing a control method when the information recording / reproducing apparatus accesses a predetermined position on the information storage medium. FIG. 36 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method or a rewriting method in the information recording / reproducing apparatus.

[Explanation of key points]
Next, the point which becomes the principal part in this Embodiment concretely is demonstrated compactly.

  First, for the issue of ensuring the tracking stability at the time of (1) access, once among the read-only information storage medium (next-generation DVD-ROM) and the additionally recordable information storage medium, Between the only recordable information storage medium (next generation DVD-R) and the rewritable information storage medium (next generation DVD-RW or next generation DVD-RAM). The physical shape and the data structure of the area are made the same form (common), and the track deviation detection method in this LeadinArea is made common.

  By doing so, the Lead-in Area stably performs track deviation correction regardless of the type of information storage medium (for example, the DPD (Differential Phase Detection) method is used for track deviation detection), and a highly reliable reproduction signal and its identification Information can be obtained. Further, media identification information indicating the type of the information storage medium is recorded in the LeadinArea.

  As a result, the type of the information storage medium is stably detected, and an optimum track deviation detection method in the user data area according to the various information storage media (for example, the DPD method for the read-only information storage medium, the information storage medium that can be additionally written) On the other hand, the DPP (Differential Push-Pull) method or the like is switched on the information reproducing apparatus side so that the user data area can be stably tracked.

  In addition, there is a problem of eliminating the synchronization deviation between the previously recorded area data before the additional recording (A1) and the data after the additional recording, and the synchronization adjustment necessary for reproducing the additional recording or rewriting information of the previous (B1). The following measures are taken as countermeasures against the fact that the preparation area does not exist in the DVD-ROM.

  “Intermediate area” is arranged between the “user data recording area” and the next “user data recording area” configured in the segment unit, and data (VFO data) used for synchronization in this “intermediate area” This “intermediate area” is used as a preparation area for synchronization with the next recorded “user data recording area”.

  As a result, according to the present invention, information can be additionally written or rewritten in units of Segments without destroying already recorded user data. In addition, this structure is shared between the recordable information storage medium and the read-only information storage medium, and even if the recordable information storage medium has the same data structure as that of the read-only information storage medium, the synchronization deviation between the segments can be reduced. Information storage medium and its data structure or information recording method without being affected (measures for the problem (A1)) and without destroying the data of other segments already recorded (measures for the problem (B1)) The present invention has a major feature in that an information recording / reproducing apparatus and an information reproducing method and information reproducing apparatus for an information storage medium recorded with the data structure are provided.

  The following measures are taken for the problem that it takes time to access the ECC block head position in the read-only information storage medium (C1). A segment is configured for each of a plurality of sectors in one ECC block, and information (PA / PS area) for detecting an intermediate position is provided in the intermediate area 301 in each segment. Thereby, by making it possible to detect the location of the intermediate position 301, it becomes easier to access the ECC block head position than in the current method.

  As an access method to the head position of the ECC block, it is easier to control the access by detecting a plurality of Sectors in a group of Segments than sequentially reproducing the Identification Data at the head of the Sector in order.

[Effective points, functions, effects, etc. in the embodiment]
Next, in this embodiment, particularly effective points and functional effects will be described together.

    [1]: “User data recording area” and “intermediate area” are alternately recorded in a reproduction-only information storage medium or a reproduction-only area (such as the lead-in area 320 in FIG. 1) in the recordable information storage medium. In the “intermediate area”, at least data used for synchronization is recorded [corresponding to the description in FIGS. 1 and 2].

    Effective points: Easy detection of ECC block boundary position and simplification of the process until the start of error correction using ECC blocks, speeding up control, reducing the frequency of bugs, and lowering the cost of the equipment Can be realized.

  That is, the current DVD searches the head position of one physical sector 103 by decoding the information of the synchronization code 110 arranged at 26 locations in one physical sector 103, and DataID 1 recorded at the head position of the physical sector 103. The ECC block boundary position can be detected only after the information is reproduced (the method shown in the part c in FIG. 4). On the other hand, in the embodiment of the present invention (corresponding to the description of the part indicated by the symbol f in FIG. 5), if the position of the “intermediate area” is detected, it is arranged behind the “intermediate area” and The position of DataID in which discrete address information (jumped by the number of Sectors existing in one Segment) is described is immediately known. Therefore, in the present invention, the ECC block boundary position can be easily detected.

  In particular, in the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 24, 25, 26, 27, 4, 50, 4, and 51, the method of scrambling the DataID1 portion is adopted in order to improve the number of rewrites. ing. Therefore, it takes time to reproduce DataID1. That is, in the data structure of the present invention, it takes more time to access the data than in the current system if DataID1 in the physical sector data is sequentially reproduced and decoded.

  Therefore, when the scramble method as in the present invention is adopted, first, the position of the intermediate area 301 is detected first, and the data access is more effective for shortening the access time.

    [1a]: The data size of the “intermediate area” described in [1] is adjusted to an integral multiple of the “1 sync frame” size (corresponding to the description in FIG. 1).

  As shown in FIG. 18, a synchronization code 110 is arranged at the head position of a fixed-length sync frame length 308. Similarly, the size of the intermediate area 301 coincides with the sync frame length 308 as shown by the part c in FIG. 2, and a PA area 311 having a structure similar to the sync code 110 is arranged in the same sync frame length 308. Yes.

    Effective point: (1a-1) Since the sync frame interval in the “user data recording area” is held in the “intermediate area”, the detection of the sync code position is facilitated.

  That is, in the physical sector data 5, the synchronization code 110 is arranged at the head position of the fixed-length sync frame length 308, and the PA area 311 is located at the head position of the intermediate area 301 having a size that matches the sync frame length 308. Therefore, the arrangement interval of the PA area 311 and the synchronization code 110 is always consistent over the entire area in the information storage medium 9 (regardless of the read-only area and the recordable area).

  As a result, once the synchronization code 110 or the PA area 311 is detected, the synchronization code 110 or the PA area 311 is always arranged at regular intervals thereafter. I can expect.

  Therefore, not only the detection of the synchronization code 110 or the PA area 311 becomes very easy, but also the detection accuracy of the synchronization code 110 or the PA area 311 is greatly improved.

    (1a-2) The continuity of the wobbled groove can be ensured.

  That is, a wobbled continuous groove (Pregroove) is formed in the “user data recording area” of the additionally recordable information storage medium as shown in FIGS. Then, as shown in the part d of FIG. 7, the part d of FIG. 11, and the part d of FIG. 12, the physical length of one sync frame is an integral multiple of the wobble period of the continuous groove. It has become.

  Therefore, by adjusting the data size of the “intermediate area” to an integer multiple of the “1 sync frame” size, the physical length of the “intermediate area” can be adjusted to an integer multiple of the wobble period. This means that the wobble phases at the start position and end position of the “user data recording area” can always be matched.

    [1b]: Relative address information (partial ECC position information 314/315 in FIG. 1A) is recorded in the “intermediate area” described in [1].

    Effective point: As a result, the position of each segment in the ECC block can be known. At the time of reproduction, the head position of the ECC block is always searched, and error correction processing is performed for each ECC block from the head position of the ECC block. Accordingly, by recording the relative address information in the “intermediate area” as in the present invention and making the structure in which the position of each segment within the ECC block is known, the ECC block head position can be found quickly, and processing up to error correction processing is performed. Time can be shortened.

    [1c]: At least a part of the synchronization code 110 in the “user data recording area” (“SY0” or “SY5” in the PA area 311 and PS area) is at least one of the synchronization codes in the “intermediate area”. (Corresponding to SY0, SY4, SY5 of the sync frame position number 115 shown in FIG. 20).

Effective point: As shown in FIG. 20, a specific synchronization code 110 pattern is arranged according to the position in the physical sector data 5. Therefore, the position in the physical sector data 5 can be detected by using the connection of the synchronization codes 110 detected as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 to 23 in the sync code position extraction unit 45 shown in FIG. By determining whether it is “SY0” or “SY5” in the PA area 311 and the PS area, the same structure and function as the synchronization code 110 can be provided. Accordingly, two types of position extraction, that is, position detection of the intermediate area 301 and position extraction of the intermediate area 301 in the ECC block 304 can be performed within the SYNCCode position extraction unit 45 in FIG. The circuit structure of the apparatus can be simplified and the processing can be simplified as described in FIGS. 32, 33, 33, and 35. [1d]: The synchronization code 110 in the “user data recording area” and “ The pattern contents are changed between the synchronization codes in the “intermediate area” (corresponding to the contents described in FIGS. 20 and 2).

Effective point: By changing the pattern contents between the synchronization code 110 in the “user data recording area” and the synchronization code in the “intermediate area”, the detected information is in the physical sector data 5 in the SYNCCode position extraction unit 45 in FIG. [2]: The recording location of the “intermediate area” using the characteristics of the data pattern recorded in the “intermediate area” described in [1]. Is detected. That is, the synchronization code recorded in the “intermediate area” is detected to detect the recording location of the “intermediate area”.

    Effective points: Easy detection of ECC block boundary position and simplification of the process until the start of error correction using ECC blocks, speeding up control, reducing the frequency of bugs, and lowering the cost of the equipment Can be realized.

  In the current DVD, the information of the synchronization code 110 arranged at 26 locations in one physical sector 103 is decoded to search the head position of one physical sector 103, and the information of DataID1 recorded at the head position of the physical sector 103 The ECC block boundary position can be detected for the first time after reproducing (the method indicated by the part c in FIG. 4).

  On the other hand, in the embodiment of the present invention (the description of the part indicated by the symbol f in FIG. 5), if the position of the “intermediate area” is detected, it is arranged behind the “intermediate area” and is discrete at the Segment interval. Since the position of the DataID in which the address information in which the address information (the number of Sectors existing in one Segment is skipped) is described is immediately known, the ECC block boundary position can be easily detected.

    [3]: Arrangement state or number of data bits of “user data recording area” and “intermediate area” in a recordable information storage medium and a read-only information storage medium or a read-only area (in a recordable information storage medium) The arrangement intervals of the respective regions viewed from the above are matched.

  That is, as apparent from a comparison between FIG. 3 and FIG. 6, an information storage medium and a read-only information storage medium in which the arrangement state or number of data bits of “user data recording area” and “intermediate area” can be additionally written (recordable) Alternatively, they almost coincide within the read-only area (in the recordable information storage medium), and only the size of the VFO field is different.

    Effective points: (a) Compatibility between a read-only storage medium and an additionally recordable information storage medium can be maintained. Since the reproduction processing circuit can be shared between the reproduction-only information reproducing apparatus and the recordable information recording / reproducing apparatus, the price of the apparatus can be reduced.

  (B) It is not necessary to form the current Borderout, and additional writing or rewriting can be performed in Segment units without performing RestrictedOverWrite. For this reason, additional writing and rewriting can be performed in fine units (Segment units) on a recordable information storage medium (because a useless area for recording Borderout / in is unnecessary), Use efficiency during recording is improved.

    [4]: “User data recording area” and “intermediate area” continuous in segment units are recorded alternately on a recordable information storage medium, and user data is added or rewritten in segment units, and additional recording / rewriting is performed. Sometimes, recording is started from a position in the middle of the “intermediate area”, and recording end processing is performed at a position in the middle of the “intermediate area” (part d in FIG. 1 and part b in FIG. 7). (Corresponding to the description of the portion c in FIG. 7, the portion b in FIG. 11, the portion c in FIG. 11, the portion b in FIG. 12, and the portion c in FIG. 12).

    Effective point: The recording start position which is the leading end of the continuous data recording unit 110 and the recording end position which is the trailing end of the continuous data recording unit 110 are always in the VFO areas 312 and 331 to 335. The VFO area is outside the user data recording area 303 where the physical sector data 5 is arranged. For this reason, as described in (B), user data is not destroyed when the recording method using RestrictedOverwrite is used, and high reliability of information in the user data recording area 303 is maintained even if overwritten. I can do it.

    [5]: Record address information discretely arranged (distributed and inserted) in a single data recording unit (Segment) for an additionally recordable information storage medium (see FIG. 1). This corresponds to the description in FIG.

  In other words, a plurality of Sectors including one or more DataID1 data including address information are gathered to constitute one data recording unit (Segment).

    Effective points: (a) Recording efficiency is improved. (B) High speed access can be obtained.

  That is, even if the data recorded in the recording unit (Segment unit) is started to be reproduced from the middle of the recording unit (1 Segment), the location currently being reproduced is identified by identifying the content of the DataID information reproduced immediately after the reproduction is started. Can be recognized. This means that since the time until the re-access process is shortened, the total access time can be shortened.

    [6]: In a recordable information storage medium, there are a recordable area that can be recorded in the same plane, and an embossed area in which information is recorded in advance in a minute uneven shape such as a lead-in area. Both the recordable data structure and the data structure of data recorded in advance in the embossed area have a structure in which “user data recording area” and “intermediate area” are alternately arranged (contents described in FIGS. 1 and 2). .

Effective points: (a) In an information storage medium that can be additionally written (including both once-writable / rewritable only), the data structure recorded in the recordable area and the embossed area are the same. Therefore, a reproducing circuit for reproducing information from the recording area and a reproducing circuit for reproducing information from the embossed area can be made common, and the reproducing circuit can be simplified and reduced in price. (B) In many cases, a read-only information storage medium has a lead-in area as in the case of an information storage medium that can be additionally written. By combining this with the point [3], the data structure in the lead-in area can be completely shared between the read-only information storage medium and the additionally recordable information storage medium. As an effect,
(A1) It is possible to share the reproduction processing circuit for the lead-in area between both information storage media in an information reproduction device that can reproduce both the read-only information storage medium and the recordable information storage medium. The information reproducing apparatus can be simplified and the price can be reduced.

  (B1) The structure of the lead-in area can be made exactly the same between the read-only information storage medium and the additionally recordable information storage medium. For this reason, not only the reproduction signal processing circuit in the lead-in area but also the track deviation detection method can be shared. Media identification information between a read-only information storage medium (ROM disk), a recordable R disk that can be written once, and a rewritable RAM disk is recorded in the Lead-in area. It is. This makes it possible to reproduce the lead-in area with a common track deviation detection method and common reproduction signal processing circuit for different types of information storage media, and to reproduce the media identification information easily and reliably. Become.

[Specific Description of Embodiment]
Next, description will be made more specifically with reference to the drawings.

  1 indicates an overview of the information storage medium 9.

  In a recordable or rewritable information storage medium, there are a recordable area that can be additionally written in the same plane and an embossed area in which information is recorded in advance in a minute uneven shape such as a lead-in area 320.

In the lead-in area 320, identification information indicating the type of information storage medium (for example, next generation DVD-ROM, next generation DVD-R, next generation DVD-RW, next generation DVD-RAM) is described. Has been.

  The data structure that can be additionally recorded in the recording area and the data structure of data recorded in advance in the embossed area both have a structure in which “user data recording area” and “intermediate area” are alternately arranged.

  Thirty-two physical sector data 5 (portion “e” in FIG. 1) are collected to constitute one ECC block 304 (portion “f” in FIG. 1. The arrangement within the ECC block is shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 will be described later with reference to FIGS.

  Here, four physical sector data are arranged in one segment area 305 to constitute a user data recording area 303 (the part indicated by reference numeral d in FIG. 1).

  An intermediate area 301 further exists in one segment area 305.

  The size of the intermediate area 301 is an integral multiple of the sync frame length 308 (the part indicated by the symbol c in FIG. 2). In the intermediate area 301, there are a PA (Postamble) area 311, a VFO (Variable Frequency Oscillator) area 312 and a PS (Pre-Synchronous code) area 313 (part b in FIG. 2).

  In a PA (Postamble) area 311, information on SY 0 or SY 4 described later is recorded (portion “a” in the figure). Further, in a PS (Pre-Synchronous code) area 313, SY0 or SY5, ECC position information 314 or 315, and an error detection code 316 or 317 thereof are recorded (portion a in FIG. 2).

  1 and 2 show the structure of a read-only information storage medium or a read-only area in a recording medium. However, the present invention is characterized in that it substantially matches the data structure of the recording area in the recordable or additionally recordable information storage medium.

  As the data structure of the recording area, data can be additionally recorded or recorded in units of one segment area 305. Then, as shown by the part d in FIG. 2, the recording is started from a position in the middle of the “intermediate area”, and the recording end process is performed in the middle of the “intermediate area”. is there.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram in which the data structure in the segment area 305 shown in the part d of FIG.

  In the next-generation DVD-ROM, “VFOField”, “PreSetField”, “PostAmbleField” before and after one segment of data so that the total sync frame in one segment area 305 becomes “one sync frame” size (fixed length). ”Is placed. Then, “DataField” in FIG. 3 contains four consecutive Sector information (data size of one sector: 2048 bytes), and forms “one segment” of data. In each segment of data, “VFOField” and “PreSetField” are arranged immediately before, and “PostAmbleField” is arranged immediately after that.

  The function or effect of the data structure of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In the current DVD-ROM and DVD-R / RW data structures, there is no intermediate area 301 as in the present invention. In the data structure of the current DVD-ROM and DVD-R / RW, one ECC block is formed by 16 physical sector data 5. This ECC block occupies a position 321 on the information storage medium where data is arranged.

  In addition, the position in one physical sector data 5 is detected from the information content of the synchronization code 110, and the address position is decoded from the ID information recorded at the head position in the physical sector data 5, thereby enabling data access control. Is possible.

  An access control method for the current DVD-ROM and DVD-R / RW is shown by a part c in FIG.

  (A-1) First, rough access to an expected position on the information storage medium 9 is executed, and the information recording / reproducing unit 41 starts data reproduction at the reached position. Next, (a-2) the position of the synchronization code 110 is detected, and the head position of the physical sector data is detected. (A-3) The position in the ECC block is determined from the DataID1 (or ID) information in the physical sector data. (A-4) After the position of the next synchronization code 110 is detected and DataID1 (or ID) information is read, (a-5) the operation of (a-4) is repeated up to the next ECC block head position.

  As a result, (a-6) the information recording / reproducing unit 41 reaches the head position of the next ECC block on the information storage medium 9, and starts information reproduction and error correction from there. Thus, at present, it is necessary to sequentially reproduce the physical sector data information (DataID1) until the head position of the ECC block where information reproduction / error correction is started is reached.

  Further, as described in the present invention, when data ID1 (or ID) information is scrambled as described with reference to FIGS. In other words, in the method of decoding the scrambled DataID1 (or ID) information at the time of reproduction, it takes more time to reach the start position of the ECC block. That is, there arises a problem that the access time is further delayed.

  On the other hand, in the method of the present invention, a plurality of physical sector data 5 are combined to form a segment area 305, and access control is performed in units of the segment area 305. For this reason, the access process is facilitated and the access time is shortened. This is also a major feature of the present invention.

  The structure of an information recording / reproducing apparatus or information reproducing apparatus according to the present invention is shown in FIGS. Details of this information reproducing apparatus will be described later.

  The access processing method for the data structure of the present invention shown in the portion d of FIG. 5 and the portion e of FIG. 5 is shown in the portion f of FIG. 5 and FIGS. 32, 33, 34 and 35.

  When an instruction of the range to be reproduced is received from the interface unit 42 (ST31), the value of DataID1 in the physical sector data at the beginning position of the ECC block including the physical sector data 5 corresponding to the beginning position of the range to be reproduced is obtained. Calculate (ST32). The information recording / reproducing unit 41 starts reproduction from the roughly accessed position (ST33).

  The information recording / reproducing unit 41 reproduces data in which the intermediate area 301 having the PA area 311 at the beginning is mixed (portion b in FIG. 1) and transfers the reproduced data as it is to the SYNCCode position extracting unit 45 (ST34). . The SYNCCode position extraction unit 45 detects the arrangement order of the sync frame position identification codes or the pattern of the SY4 directly to determine the position of the PA area 311 and detects the location of the intermediate area 301 based on the result (ST35).

  FIGS. 32 and 33 show a method of accessing using only the information in the PA area 311. FIGS. 33 and 3 further show a method of accessing using the position information 314 or 315 in the ECC in the PS area 313. Show.

  As shown in FIGS. 32 and 33, when accessing only using the information in the PA area 311, the data of the scrambled physical sector data 45-28 arranged immediately after the intermediate area 301 is given to the demodulation circuit 52. The demodulated data is transferred to the descrambling circuit 58 (ST36).

  In the descrambling circuit 58, the physical sector data 45-28 is descrambled. Then, DataID 1-0 and IED2-0 information (information after descrambling) existing at the head position are transferred to the DataID part and IDE extracting part 71 (ST37). The error tick part 72 of the DataID part checks whether there is an error in the DataID1 information detected using the information of the IDE 2 (ST38, ST39).

  When there is an error, DataID1 after error correction processing is extracted by the coding circuit 162 by ECC (ST40a). Then, in the control unit 43, the amount of deviation from the address where playback is to be started is calculated using DataID1. Then, it is determined whether or not the amount of deviation is greatly deviated from the desired track position (ST40b). If there is no error in step ST39, the process directly proceeds to step ST40b.

  When the amount of deviation is large, a difference value between the value of DataID1 of the reproduction result and the value of DataID1 of the reproduction start sector is obtained. Then, the amount of track deviation on the information storage medium 9 is calculated in the control unit 143, and the dense access is performed based on the result (ST41).

  That is, the data ID1 information of the physical sector data 45-28 is decoded to detect the position in the ECC block. That is, the descramble circuit 58 descrambles the DataID 1 portion in the scrambled physical sector data 45-28 to determine the position in the ECC block (ST36). At this time, if the difference between the decoded value of DataID1 and the value to be reached determined in ST32 is severe (ST40b), dense access is executed again (ST41).

  When it is determined in step ST40b that there is no large track shift, the process proceeds to step ST42. Then, immediately after the decoded value of DataID1, the control unit 43 calculates how many segments (Segment) are behind the current position of the value determined in step ST32 (indicating the location to be reached). This backward position corresponds to the top physical sector data 45-32 of the next ECC block 322b (ST42). Next, the control unit 43 uses the method of steps ST34 and ST35, and the information recording / reproducing unit 41 sequentially monitors the intermediate area in the information storage medium 9 that passes through, while the number of segments is equal to the number of segments 305 calculated in step ST42. It is confirmed that it passes (ST43). That is, the information recording / reproducing unit 41 passes the segment by the calculated number (or ST43).

  When the information recording / reproducing unit 41 reaches the head position of the desired ECC block 322b, the intermediate area 301 is removed from the reproduced data, and only the data in the user data recording area 303 is demodulated by the demodulation circuit 52, the ECC decoding circuit 62, the decoding. The data is sequentially transferred to the scramble circuit 59, the user data is extracted by the main data extraction unit 73, and is output to the outside via the interface unit 42 (ST44).

  33 and 35 show a procedure for accessing a desired position using the position information 314 and 315 in the ECC of the PS area 313 as well. Steps ST31 to ST35 are the same as those in FIGS. 32 and 33.

  That is, as shown in (3 ′) of FIG. 33, FIG. 35, or FIG. 5f, when the access is also made using the in-ECC position information 314 or 315 of the PS area 313 in the ECC block, the PA area 311 The position of the intermediate area 301 is detected from the result (ST35). Next, the position information 314 or 315 of the PS area 313 in the ECC block is read, and the current position of the intermediate area 301 in the ECC block 304 is checked (ST51).

  Next, it is determined whether or not the corresponding intermediate area 301 is the head position in the ECC block (ST52). As this method, the information in the PS area 313 located at the rear is decoded. It is determined whether the head information of the PS area 313 is SY0 or SY5 (ST52).

  As shown in FIG. 2, when the head information is SY5, it can be seen that the intermediate area 301 exists at the head of the ECC block. If the head information is SY0, the position information 315 in the ECC immediately after that is decoded to determine in which position in the ECC block 304 the corresponding Segment is located.

  If the corresponding intermediate area 301 is not the head position in the ECC block, the process waits until the intermediate area 301 arranged at the head position in the ECC block 304 is reproduced by the processing in steps ST34 to ST51 (ST53).

  Actually, the number of segments that need to be passed before reaching the head position of the next ECC block 322b is determined, and the information recording / reproducing unit 41 is passed in the track direction by the determined number of segments (ST53). This is the difference between the processing procedures shown in FIGS. 32 and 33 and FIGS. 33 and 35.

  If the corresponding intermediate area 301 is the head position in the ECC block, the data of the scrambled physical sector data 45-32 at the head in the ECC block 322b is supplied to the demodulation circuit 53 and demodulated. The demodulated data is transferred to the descrambling circuit 58. This process is obtained based on the control of the control unit 43 (ST54).

  Subsequent processing steps ST37 to ST41 are the same as the procedures shown in FIGS. In step ST55 executed after step ST40b, the processing from step ST33 to step ST40b is executed, and the access position is made to reach the position of the physical sector data 45-32 at the head of the ECC block 304 determined in step ST32. . After the access position reaches the desired position, the process proceeds to step ST44.

  The data arrangement structure of the one segment area in FIG. 3 described above is the structure in the reproduction-only area. On the other hand, FIG. 6 shows a data arrangement structure of one segment area in the additionally writable area or the rewritable area.

  The data structure of the recordable next-generation DVD-R or rewritable next-generation DVD-RAM basically follows the structure shown in FIG. Therefore, similarly to the example shown in FIG. 3, the VFO area 312, the PS area 313, the user data recording area 303, and the PA area 311 are included in one segment area. However, in the one segment area of FIG. 6, the size of the VOF area differs depending on the embodiment. That is, the size of “VFOField” varies depending on the embodiment.

  For example, FIGS. 7 and 11 show an example of a user data recording method for an additionally writable area or a rewritable area. Here, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, there is a gap 111 (MirrorField) between the VFO regions 331 and 332. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, a gap 111 (MirrorField) exists immediately before the VFO region 333. That is, in the embodiment of FIG. 11, it means that the VFO area size immediately after the PA area 311 is “0”, and the gap 111 is arranged immediately after the PA area 311. By providing the gap 111, it is possible to eliminate the influence of fluctuations in the recording end position due to uneven rotation of the spindle motor.

  8 and 9 show the relationship between the user data recording method shown in FIG. 7 and the physical structure on the information storage medium. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, in the recording area, meandering (wobbled) continuous grooves (pregrooves) are arranged in a spiral shape, and recording marks 127 are formed on the continuous grooves (pregrooves). is there.

  In the recordable information storage medium 9 or the rewritable information storage medium 9, the recording start positioning mark 141 for indicating the recording start position of the continuous data recording unit 110 which is the segment area 305 unit is formed in the continuous groove (pregroove). Are formed along. A wobble pattern different from the general wobble groove region 143 is formed in advance on the mark 141. In the present invention, the pattern differs depending on the position in the ECC block. That is, the ECC block head position can be detected at a higher speed by changing the pattern at the head position and the non-head position of the ECC block. A recording preparation area 142 having a length corresponding to a predetermined wobble period exists next to the recording start positioning mark 141.

  When recording is started in the continuous data recording unit 110, first the recording start positioning mark 141 is detected, and after the mark 141 is completed, the wobble detection signal is counted by the length of the recording preparation area 142, and then recording is performed. Start.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, in the next-generation DVD-R that can be additionally written or the next-generation DVD-RAM that can be rewritten, additional writing can be performed in segment units immediately after the gap 111. This gap 111 serves to divide the phase shift between the phase of the already recorded data and the subsequent recording data recorded by the post-recording process to be performed later, and to remove the influence of the phase shift between the preceding and subsequent data processing. . As a result, in the next generation DVD-R, it is possible to perform additional writing in segment units without recording “border-in” and “border-out”.

  The recording start position of the continuous data recording unit 110 is uniquely determined by the above method. However, as shown in FIG. 10, the actual length of the continuous data recording unit 110a may change due to uneven rotation of the spindle motor that rotates the information storage medium 9, and the data overlap portion 116 may occur beyond the gap 111. . In this embodiment, even if the data overlapping portion 116 (FIG. 10B) occurs, the data in the user data area 303 is not destroyed. This is because, as shown in FIG. 6, the VFO area 312 is always arranged at the head of the segment area 305 (the overlapping portion 116 is set so as to be surely accommodated in the VFO area 312). This is a major feature of the present embodiment.

  FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of the present invention that allows the worst-case data overlap portion 116 as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the sizes of the VFO areas 334 and 335 are set to be large in advance, and the VFO overlapping areas 338 are arranged even when there is no rotation unevenness of the spindle motor. FIG. 12B shows the positional relationship in the time axis direction between already recorded data and newly added or rewritten data. In this way, a part of the VFO area is overwritten when data is newly added or rewritten. As a result, the data structure of the read-only area can be matched with the data structure shown in the figure without having a gap 111. This means that at the time of reproduction, the data in the reproduction-only area and the additional recording or rewritable area can be reproduced by the same reproduction circuit.

  FIG. 36 shows a write-once or rewrite method in segment units for the write-once or rewritable information storage medium 9.

  The write-once or rewritable information storage medium 9 in this embodiment employs a CLV (Constant Linear Verosity) system. For this reason, in the radial direction of the information storage medium 9, the angle of the writing position in the segment unit differs.

  Therefore, when receiving the recording location instruction (ST11), it is necessary to predict the angular position in the rotational direction of the recording start positioning mark 141 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 (ST12). Further, since the information input from the interface unit 42 does not include information on the PS area 313 and the PA area 311 shown in FIG. 6, the data is created in the SYNCCode selection unit 47 (ST14).

  It is determined whether or not the recording start positioning mark 141 is detected at a predetermined angular position on the information storage medium 9 after the coarse access (ST16). Based on this result, the information reproduction position of the reproduction apparatus has reached the planned track. Determine whether.

  Since the wobble pattern of the pre-lube varies depending on the position in the ECC block as shown in the part of FIG. 9 and the part of FIG. 9, the difference between the wobble patterns is detected to determine the start position of the ECC block. (ST21) to prepare for the recording process. After the information recording / reproducing unit 41 passes the rear end portion of the recording start positioning mark 141 on the information storage medium 9, the number of wobbles in the recording preparation area 142 is counted and the recording process is prepared (ST17). Here, after passing the wobble by a predetermined count, recording is performed for each segment unit immediately after that (ST18).

  It is determined whether or not the recording is finished (ST19), and if not finished, the process returns to step ST16. If completed, the process proceeds to step ST20.

  As shown in FIG. 20, in this embodiment, the PA area 311 and the PS area in the intermediate area 301 are synchronized with a synchronization pattern different from the synchronization code 110 in the physical sector data 5 (see FIGS. 13, 14, and 15). There is a big feature in setting 313 patterns. 20, SY0 to SY3 are used as the synchronization code 110 in the physical sector data 5 as the sync frame position number 115.

  As shown by the symbol a in FIG. 2, SY0 or SY4 is adopted as the pattern of the PA area 311. As the leading pattern in the PS area 313, the SY5 pattern is used when the corresponding segment is at the leading position in the ECC block, and the SY0 pattern is adopted when the segment is at a non-leading position.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
The specific pattern contents of SY0 to SY3 shown in the part b of FIG. 21 coincide with the contents shown in FIG. The synchronization code arrangement method shown in FIG. 21 is characterized in that SY0 is arranged only at one location in one physical sector data 5 and is arranged at the head position in the same physical sector data 5. Thereby, there is an effect that the head position in the physical sector data 5 can be easily understood only by detecting SY0. In addition, the number of synchronization patterns is reduced to four types, SY0 to SY3, compared to the conventional DVD-ROM / R / RW / RAM, and the position detection process in the physical sector data 5 using the synchronization code pattern is simplified. There are the following features.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 21, the sync frame length 308, which is the data size of the synchronization code 110 and the modulated sync frame data 106, is constant everywhere and is 1116 channel bits. The fixed sync frame length 308 and the data size of the intermediate area 301 are matched.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, combinations of three consecutive synchronization codes 110 arbitrarily extracted from the data structure shown in FIG. 21 are all different depending on positions in the same physical sector data. Yes. Using this feature, it is possible to detect not only the position in the same physical sector data 5 but also the position of the intermediate area 301 using the arrangement order of the synchronization codes 110 including the PA area 311.

  22 and 23 show an example of the position detection method. For example, when an arrangement in the order of “SY1 → SY3 → SY1” is detected as shown in the part d of FIG. 23, the modulated sync frame immediately after SY1 from the arrangement order of the part b of FIG. It can be seen that the data is 106-6. 23, when “SY0 → SY0 → SY1” and SY0 continue twice, the first SYO is an intermediate area from the portion a in FIG. 2 or the information in FIG. It can be seen that it belongs to 301. If a pattern SY4 that cannot exist in the physical sector data 5 is detected as “SY4 → SY0 → SY1”, it is not necessary to check the connection of the three patterns, and SY4 is stored in the PA area 311 in the intermediate area 301. It can be determined immediately if a pattern is shown.

  Next, referring to FIGS. 13, 14, and 15 to 31, an ECC block (FIGS. 13, 14, 15, and 16) and a sync frame structure in one physical sector data (FIGS. 17 and 18). 19), sync code (FIG. 20), sync code arrangement example in one physical sector (FIG. 21), sync frame position in one physical sector data from the arrangement order of sync frame position identification codes in the sync code A description will be given of a method (FIGS. 22 and 23) for determining.

  Further, other examples of the common data structure recorded on the information storage medium (FIGS. 24, 25, 26, and 27), the configuration of the recording system of the information recording / reproducing apparatus (FIG. 28), and the information recording / reproducing apparatus The structure of the reproduction system (FIG. 29), the internal structure of the scramble circuit (FIG. 30), and the internal structure of the descramble circuit (FIG. 31) will be described.

  FIG. 13 shows an array of physical sector data 5-0, 5-1,... Of the information storage medium 9 indicated by reference symbol d in FIG. 1 (reference symbol f in FIG. 13). One physical sector data includes data 0-0-0, 0-0-1, 0-0-2,... As a plurality of rows, and an inner code PI0-0-0 as a parity added to each row. , PI0-0-1, PI0-0-2,..., And the outer code PO 0-0 added for one line after the 12th line.

Other physical sector data has the same data structure. Here, each of the physical sectors is defined as corresponding to the logical sector information 103-0, 103-1, 103-3,... (Refer to the relationship between symbols b, e, and f in FIG. 13). Further, the logical sector information is defined as corresponding to one video pack or audio pack (refer to the relationship between symbols a, b and e in FIG. 13). The part a indicates the pack string of the video pack 101a, the audio pack 102a,..., And the part b indicates the logical sector information 103-0, 103a-1, 103-2,. Is shown.

  FIG. 14 shows the contents of the data with the symbol e in more detail. Data 0-0-0 corresponds to the first row, and data 0-0-1 corresponds to the next row (see symbols c, d, and e in FIG. 14, symbols a, b corresponds to symbols a and b in FIG. 13).

  One logical sector information 103-0 is scrambled in the part of the code c, the scrambled logical sector information is divided into 12 lines, and PI information is added to each line (12 lines in this example). It shows the state. Further, Data ID, IED, and CPR_MAI are added to the top line. The last row (13th row) of this logical sector is PO information.

  15 and 16 show the relationship between physical sector data and ECC blocks. The ECC block is a unit to which an error correction code is added when data is stored in the information storage medium 9, and a unit to be used when error correction is performed by reading data from the information storage medium 9.

  15 shows a state in which the data string shown in the portion of the symbol e in FIG. 15 (corresponding to the symbols f and e in FIG. 13 and the symbol e in FIG. 1) is constructed as an ECC block.

Every other physical sector data is selected and distributed to the first small ECC block 7-0 and the second small ECC block 7-1 (see FIG. 16).

  In this example, one physical sector data consists of 13 rows. Of these, one line is a part of the PO information. Each row of the ECC block is described as data 0-0-0, 0-0-1, 0-0-2,. One small ECC block is composed of 31 physical sector data. 62 physical sector data (two small ECC blocks) are divided into, for example, even sector data and odd sector data, and PO information for each block of even sector data and odd sector data. Has been created. The PO information is created in units of one ECC block constructed by a plurality of physical sectors, and is distributed by one line in each physical sector. That is, 31 lines of PO information are created in units of small ECC blocks, but this PO information is distributed line by line in 31 data blocks. One data block includes 12 rows of data.

  17, 18 and 19 are diagrams for explaining the structure of the sync frame in one physical sector data.

  The sector block (corresponding to 13 rows of data (including one row of PO information)) shown in the part c of FIG. 17 is divided into sync frame data 105-0, 105-1,. 26 (= 13 × 2)). A sync code described later is added between the sync frame data. That is, a synchronization code is added to the head of each sync frame data.

  That is, the synchronization code is inserted between the sync frame data, as indicated by reference numerals d and e in FIG. The synchronization code is composed of, for example, a variable code area 112, a fixed code area 111, and a variable code area 113, as indicated by a symbol f in FIG. 19, and each area is indicated by a symbol g in FIG. It is a content.

  The characteristic configuration will be described as follows.

  As shown in FIG. 17, the video information is recorded on the information storage medium 9 in the form of a video pack 101 and an audio pack 102 (portion a) in units of 2048 bytes. This 2048-byte recording unit is handled as the logical sector information 103 (part b).

  In the current DVD standard, Data ID 1-0, IED 2-0, and CPR_MAI 8-0 are added to this data, and PI (Parity of Inner-code) information corresponding to the ECC structure shown in FIG. The data to which the Parity of Outer-code) information is added is divided into 26 equal parts to form sync frame data 105-0 to 105-25 (part d in FIG. 17). In this case, the PO information is also divided into two. In the part of the code c in FIG. 17, the PO information is divided into two and indicated as PO 0-0-0 and PO 0-0-1.

  Each sync frame data 105 is modulated, and a synchronization code 110 is inserted between the modulated sync frame data 106 as shown by a symbol e in FIG. The modulation method is generally represented by (d, k; m, n), and the meaning of this symbol is to convert the original data of “m bits” to “n channel bits”, and “0” is the continuous channel bit pattern after modulation. The minimum range is “d” and the maximum is “k”.

As the present embodiment, for example, a case where the modulation system shown in “JP 2000-332613” is employed will be described. In the modulation scheme, d = 1, k = 9, m = 4, n = 6.
It becomes.

  The synchronization code 110 is divided into a fixed code area 111 and variable code areas 112 and 113, and the variable code areas 112 and 113 are further recorded with the recording location of the “conversion table selection code 122 at modulation” and “for sync frame position identification”. There is a great feature in that the structure is subdivided into the recording location of the code 123 ”and the recording location of the“ DC suppression polarity reversal pattern 124 ”(including the combination / combination of some recording locations) (reference symbol g in FIG. 19). reference).

  The modulation referred to here is conversion of input data into modulation data in accordance with the above modulation rule. In this case, this conversion processing employs a technique of selecting modulation data corresponding to input data from a large number of modulation data described in the conversion table. Here, a plurality of conversion tables are prepared. Accordingly, information indicating which table at the time of modulation is used to convert the modulated data is necessary, and this information is “a conversion table selection code 122 at the time of modulation”, which is immediately before the synchronization code. The conversion table which produced | generated the modulation data which comes after modulation data is represented.

  “Sync frame position identification code 123” is a code for identifying the position of the sync frame in the physical sector. In order to identify a frame, it can be identified by an arrangement pattern of a plurality of sync frame position identification codes before and after.

  An example of specific contents of the synchronization position detection code 121 is shown in FIG.

  In order to facilitate the position detection of the synchronization code 110, a code that cannot exist in the modulated sync frame data 106 is arranged in the synchronization position detection code 121. Since the modulated sync frame data 106 is modulated according to the (d, k; m, n) modulation rule, “0” cannot continue “k + 1” continuously in the modulated data. . Therefore, it is desirable to arrange a pattern in which “0” continues and “k + 1 or more” continues as a pattern in the synchronization position detection code 121.

  However, when a pattern in which “0 + 1” continues as “k + 1” is arranged as a pattern in the synchronization position detection code 121, one bit shift error occurs during reproduction of the modulated sync frame data 106 Then, there is a risk of erroneous detection as the synchronization position detection code 121. Therefore, it is desirable to arrange a pattern in which “0” continues and “k + 2” continues as a pattern in the synchronization position detection code 121. However, if a continuous pattern of “0” continues for a long time, a phase shift in the PLL circuit 174 is likely to occur.

  The current DVD uses a pattern of “0” followed by “k + 3” (the modulation rule of the current DVD is (2, 10; 8, 16)). Therefore, in order to suppress the occurrence of a bit shift error and to ensure the reliability of synchronization code 110 position detection and information reproduction compared to the current DVD, in this embodiment, it is necessary to set the length followed by “0” to “k + 3” or less. Yes, preferably "k + 2".

  As shown in FIG. 8 of Japanese Patent Application No. 10-275358 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 200-105981) and its explanatory text, the DSV (Digital Sum Value) value changes depending on the bit pattern after modulation. When the DSV value deviates greatly from 0, the DSV value can be brought close to 0 by changing the bit from “0” to “1” at the optimum bit pattern position.

  Therefore, a DC suppression polarity inversion pattern 124 having a specific pattern for bringing the DSV value close to 0 is provided in the synchronization code 110.

  Further, when adopting the modulation method shown in “Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-332613”, it is necessary to consider the following. In other words, the “selection information of the conversion table adopted when the 6-channel bit modulated data is modulated” existing immediately after the 6-channel bit modulated data to be demodulated is also used to demodulate the 6-channel bits to be demodulated. Need to do.

  Therefore, the selection information of the conversion table of 6 channel bits to come next to the last 6 channel bits of the modulated sync frame data 106 arranged immediately before the synchronization code 110 is stored in the “during modulation” In the conversion table selection code 122 ". That is, the conversion table selection code 122 at the time of modulation exists in the synchronization code 110.

  The conversion table selection code 122 at the time of modulation is conversion table selection information for 6 channel bit data that should come after the last 6 channel bit data of the immediately preceding sync frame data 106. By referring to this conversion table information, a conversion table to be used can be determined when demodulating the next data.

  Next, a specific example of the synchronization code 110 will be described.

  FIG. 20 is a specific example of the synchronization code 110. The synchronization code 110 has a variable code area 112 and a fixed code area 111. In the variable code area 112, a data structure in which the conversion table selection code 122, the sync frame position identification code 123, and the DC suppression polarity inversion pattern described in FIG. 19 are integrated is arranged.

  For example, 0-6 is prepared as a sync frame position identification number. Numbers 0-6 correspond to the syncs YS0-YS5. Further, a conversion table number 116 is prepared to represent a conversion table table selection code at the time of modulation. Patterns A and B for DC suppression are prepared roughly in each case for the pattern when the conversion table number = 1 and the pattern when the conversion table number = 0.

  For example, in this example, when the sync frame is allocated with 8 channel bits and indicates the sync frame SY0, “10000000”, “10000000”, “00010000”, or “00010010” is the synchronization code. Will exist. Further, when “10000000”, the conversion table number = 0 is used, and when “00010000” or “00010010”, the conversion table number = 1 is used. This synchronization pattern is selected and used according to the DSV.

  The synchronization position detection code 121 is assigned 16 channel bits, for example, “1000000000000000100”.

  Here, the present embodiment is characterized in the selection pattern of the synchronization pattern used in the intermediate area 301 described with reference to FIG.

  That is, the present embodiment is characterized in that a synchronization pattern different from the synchronization code 110 in the physical sector data 5 is set as a synchronization pattern of the PA area 311 and the PS area 313 in the intermediate area 301. As shown in the code (c) of FIG. 20, SY0 to SY3 are used as the sync code 110 in the physical sector data 5 as the sync frame position number 115.

  Then, SY0 or SY4 is adopted as the pattern of the PA area 311 as shown by the reference numeral a in FIG. As the leading pattern in the PS area 313, the SY5 pattern is used when the corresponding segment is at the leading position in the ECC block, and the SY0 pattern is employed when the segment is at a non-leading position.

  FIG. 21 shows an arrangement example of synchronization codes in one physical sector data.

  As described above, the synchronization code is a total of 24 channel bits including the synchronization pattern of 8 channel bits and the synchronization position detection code 121 of 16 channel bits. The modulated sync frame data has 1092 channel bits for one row. 21 is obtained by rearranging the frame data 106-0, 106-1,... After reply in the data string of the code a in FIG. 21 (the same as the data string of the code e in FIG. 19) in a matrix form. The sync code position is easy to see. The sync code and the modulated sync frame data channel bit length are set to sync frame length (fixed length 116 channel bits) 308 (this form is also shown in FIG. 2).

  The specific pattern contents of SY0 to SY3 shown in the part b of FIG. 21 are selected from the patterns shown in FIG. The synchronization code arrangement method shown in FIG. 21 is characterized in that the arrangement of SY 0 is arranged at only one location in one physical sector data 5 and is arranged at the head position in the same physical sector data 5.

  As a result, there is an effect that the head position in the physical sector data 5 can be easily recognized only by detecting SY0. Further, the number of synchronization patterns can be reduced to four types, SY0 to SY3, compared to the current DVD-ROM / R / RW / RAM, and position detection processing in the physical sector data 5 can be performed using the synchronization code pattern. I try to do it. For this reason, the position detection process is characterized by being simplified.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 21, the sync frame length 308, which is the data size of the synchronization code 110 and the modulated sync frame data 106, is constant everywhere and is 1116 channel bits. Another feature is that the data size of the fixed-length sync frame length 308 and the intermediate area 301 are matched.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 22 and 23, a method for detecting a synchronization code and determining at which position in the physical physical sector the currently reproduced data is described.

  As shown by a symbol b in FIG. 22, the modulated sync frame data reproduced from the information recording medium by the information recording / reproducing unit 41 is input to the synchronization code position extracting unit 45 and subjected to synchronization code position detection. The The synchronization position extraction unit 45 detects the position of the synchronization position detection code 121 (the code in the fixed code area in FIG. 20) by, for example, a pattern matching method.

  Thereby, the synchronization code position is detected, and the synchronization code can be extracted. Information on the detected synchronization code 110 is sequentially held in the memory unit 137 (the portion indicated by reference character c) shown in FIGS. 22 and 23 via the control unit 43. If the position of the synchronization code 110 is known, the position of the modulated sync frame data can also be known, so that the sync frame data is sequentially stored in the shift register circuit 170 (part a) as shown in FIG.

  By checking the arrangement order of the synchronization codes, it is possible to determine which position in the matrix system of FIG. This is a pattern as shown in FIG. 21 (SY0 → SY1 → SY1 → SY1 → SY2 → SY1 → SY1 → SY3 → SY1 → SY2 → SY2 → SY1 → SY3 → SY2 → SY1 → SY2 → SY3 → SY3 → SY3 → SY2 This is because the synchronization code is arranged in the order of SY2, SY2, SY3, SY2, SY3, SY1).

  The combinations of three consecutive synchronization codes 110 arbitrarily extracted in FIG. 21 are all different depending on the positions in the same physical sector data. Using this feature, it is possible to detect not only the data position in the same physical sector data 5 but also the data position in the intermediate area 301 using the order of arrangement of the synchronization codes 110 including the PA area 311. Become.

  FIG. 22 shows an example of the position detection method. For example, when the arrangement order of “SY1 → SY3 → SY1” is detected as indicated by reference symbol d in FIG. 21, the sync frame data after modulation immediately after SY1 is determined from the arrangement order indicated by reference symbol b in FIG. Is 106-6.

  In addition, when “SY0 → SY0 → SY1” and SY0 continue two times as indicated by the symbol f in FIG. 21, the arrangement shown by the symbol a in FIG. It can be seen that SYO belongs to the intermediate region 301. If a pattern SY4 that cannot exist in the physical sector data 5 is detected as “SY4 → SY0 → SY1”, it is not necessary to check the connection of the three patterns, and SY4 is stored in the PA area 311 in the intermediate area 301. It can be determined immediately if a pattern is shown.

  When the arrangement order of “SY0 → SY1 → SY1” is detected as indicated by reference sign e in FIG. 21, the modulated sync frame immediately after SY0 is determined from the arrangement order indicated by reference sign b in FIG. It can be seen that the data is 106-1.

  Next, another example in which the sector data before modulation is scrambled is shown.

  The description has been made assuming that the physical sector data is scrambled as shown in FIGS. In the example shown in FIG. 14, the top data ID, IDE, and CPR_MAI of the physical sector data are shown as not scrambled.

  However, as shown in FIG. 23, all of data ID 1, IED 2, specific data 3, 4 and main data (including EDC) may be scrambled.

  The example of FIG. 24 uses specific data (for example, data type 3 and preset data 4) as initial data for executing scrambling. The portion a in FIG. 23 conceptually shows how specific data is first extracted from main data (sector data). Next, in the part b of FIG. 24, the extracted specific data is used as it is as the initial value (or trigger) of the scramble circuit, and the scramble process is executed, so that all the main data (sector data) is scrambled. It shows a state. 24 indicates a state in which the scrambled data is modulated in accordance with a predetermined modulation rule, and then the above-described synchronization code is added. Data subjected to such processing is written into the rewritable information storage medium 21.

  FIG. 25 is an example in which the specific data is replaced with CPR_MAI (copyright management information) a8. This is because the DVD_ROM employs this CPR_MAI for the specific data portion. Other processing is the same as the example of FIG.

  FIG. 26 shows the procedure in the reproduction process corresponding to the recording process of FIG. Data reproduced from the rewritable information storage medium 21 includes synchronization codes 19a, 19b, 19c,... And data 15a, 15b, 15c,. As described above, the synchronization code and the data before demodulation are separated, and the data before demodulation is collected. The aggregated data before demodulation is demodulated according to a predetermined demodulation rule, and is aggregated as scrambled data 17 (part indicated by symbol e in FIG. 25). As described with reference to FIG. 23, the data 17 includes scrambled specific data. The scrambled specific data is extracted from a predetermined position determined in advance. Then, the descrambling unit descrambles the data 17 that has been scrambled using the specific data that has been scrambled (portion indicated by reference numeral f in FIG. 26). By the descrambling process, the same data (original data is restored) as the data indicated by symbol a in FIG.

  FIG. 27 shows a procedure in the reproduction process corresponding to the recording process of FIG. In this example, the specific data is merely replaced with CPR_MAI (copyright management information) a8. This is because the DVD_ROM employs this CPR_MAI for the specific data portion. Other processing is the same as the example of FIG.

  FIG. 28 shows a block of a part related to the recording system in the information recording / reproducing apparatus. It is a block diagram explaining the structure of the information recording system with respect to a rewritable information storage medium or a read-only information storage medium.

  The main data for recording (source data or user data) is sent to the predetermined information adding unit 68 via the interface unit 42. In the predetermined information adding unit 68, the source data is subdivided into sectors, and the subdivided source data is stored in an array in the main data 6 portion of FIG. 24 or FIG.

  If the medium used for recording is the rewritable information medium 21, the predetermined information adding unit 68 precedes the main data 6 portion with the data ID of the sector, IED 2, data type 3, preset data 4 and A reserved area 5 is added, and an EDC 7 is added after the main data 6 portion. The data ID · 1 added at this time is obtained from the data ID generator 65, and the preset data 4 is obtained from the preset data generator 66. The preset data generation unit 66 has a “random number generation function” and can always generate time-varying random data as the preset data 4. Note that the preset data generation unit 66 can separately generate the lower-order n bits of the preset data and is sent to the synchronization code selection unit 46 as a part of the generated lower-order n-bit synchronization code selection key.

  On the other hand, when the recording medium is the reproduction-only information medium 22, the predetermined information adding unit 68 precedes the main data 6 portion with the data ID · 1, IED2 and copyright management information 8 (8a and 8a) of the sector. 8b) is added, and EDC 7 is added after the main data 6 portion. The data ID · 1 added at this time is obtained from the data ID generation unit 65, and the copyright management information 8 (8a and 8b) is obtained from the data generation unit 67 of the copyright management information. Note that the copyright management information data generation unit 67 can also separately generate the lower n bits of the copyright management information, and the generated lower n bits are a synchronization code selection unit as a part of the synchronization code selection key. 46.

  In this embodiment, “n” of the lower n bits is selected from a range of 1 to 8 bits.

  Sector data having a data structure as shown in FIG. 24 generated by the predetermined information adding unit 68 and sent to the data arrangement part exchanging unit (or data extracting unit) 63. The data arrangement part exchanging unit 63 extracts specific data of the sent sector data.

  The extracted specific data and the entire sector data are sent to the scramble circuit 57. The scramble circuit 57 performs scramble processing on the entire sector from the head of the sector to the end of the sector.

  The sector data thus scrambled is sequentially sent to the ECC encoding circuit 61. The ECC encoding circuit 61 performs ECC encoding of a predetermined number of sent sector data (for example, 16 to 32 sectors) collectively.

  The ECC encoded data is sent to the modulation circuit 51. The modulation circuit 51 performs predetermined modulation (for example, modulation such as 8/16 modulation is not limited to this method) on the transmitted data while obtaining necessary information from the modulation conversion table recording unit 53. The modulated data is sent to the data synthesis unit 44.

  Of the modulated data sent to the data synthesizer 44, the digital sum value (DSV) value of the modulated data (for example, 6 channel bits) at the end of each sector is the DSV value calculator. 48 is calculated. The calculated DSV value is sent to the synchronization code selection unit 46.

  The synchronization code selection unit 46 is based on the DSV value calculated by the DSV value calculation unit 48 and the lower n bit data from the preset data generation unit or the lower n bit data from the data generation unit 67 of the copyright management information. A specific (optimum) synchronization code is selected from a variety of synchronization code tables recorded in the synchronization code selection table recording unit 47.

  In this embodiment, four or more types (for example, eight types) of synchronization code tables for the synchronization code (19a or 19e) at the same place (for example, the head position) in the sector may be prepared. In this way, a plurality of types (for example, eight types) of bit patterns of the synchronization code at the head position of each sector (33 or 34) can be used.

  The synchronization code in the synchronization code table selected from the synchronization code selection table recording unit 47 by the synchronization code selection unit 46 is alternately arranged with the modulation data from the modulation circuit 51 in the data synthesis unit 44.

  Data configured in this way is written to a rewritable information medium 21 (RAM disk, RW disk, etc. employing a phase change recording method).

On the other hand, if the synthesized data is for a read-only information medium, the data is
(A) The master disk recording part of the ROM disk is cut into a master disk for ROM disk duplication,
(B) After being recorded once by the information recording / reproducing unit 41, it is burned onto an R disc (for example, a disc using a dye whose reflectivity of the writing laser irradiation portion changes permanently).

  The operation of each block element of the above device is controlled by the MPU in the RAM using the RAM in the work area according to the control program written in the ROM in the control unit 43. .

  FIG. 29 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of an information reproduction system for a rewritable information storage medium or a read-only information storage medium.

  In the data structure immediately after being reproduced from the information storage medium (21 or 22) by the information recording / reproducing unit (or reproducing unit having no recording function) 41, for example, in the case of FIG. 26, the data 15a, 15b,. And the synchronization codes 19a, 19b, 19c,... The data immediately after being reproduced by the reproduction unit 41 is sent to the synchronization code position detection / extraction unit 45 and the demodulation circuit 52.

  The synchronization code position detection / extraction unit 45 searches for and detects the synchronization code at the head of each sector from the data immediately after reproduction using the pattern matching method. After the head synchronization code is detected, the subsequent synchronization code in the sector is also detected and extracted.

  The extracted synchronization code information is sent to the demodulation circuit 52. The demodulating circuit 52 can know the sector start position of the reproduction data from the reproduction unit 41 and the synchronization code position in the sector based on the synchronization code information from the synchronization code position detection / extraction unit 45.

  In the demodulation circuit 52, the synchronization code included in the sector is deleted based on the synchronization code information from the synchronization code position detection / extraction unit 45. Then, the demodulated data (they are 8/16 modulated) remaining in the sector after deletion are demodulated based on the demodulation information from the demodulation conversion table recording unit 54.

  The data demodulated by the demodulation circuit 52 is sent to the descrambling circuit 58 and the ECC decoding circuit 62. The descrambling process has been described with reference to FIGS.

  In other words, specific data information is contained in a predetermined range of descrambled data. The descrambling circuit 58 first descrambles the data ID and IED using the scrambled specific data. The descrambled data ID and IED are extracted by the data ID part & IED part extraction part 71. The data ID part & IED part extraction part 71 sends the data ID and IED to the control part 43. The control unit 43 monitors data IDs obtained sequentially.

  The MPU of the control unit 43 can detect the off-track according to the information content of the data ID · 1 that has been descrambled.

  When it is detected that the track is off, the information can be read again within a short period.

  The data demodulated by the demodulation circuit 52 is also sent to the ECC decoding circuit 62. The ECC decoding circuit 62 collects a predetermined number (16 or 32, etc.) of sectors into one ECC block, ECC-decodes the ECC encoded data, and sends the data to the descrambling circuits 58 and 59. Yes.

  The descrambling circuit 59 executes descrambling of the entire main data portion. At this time, the previously extracted scrambled specific data is used. This process is executed when it is detected that there is no off-track.

  Note that the identification of whether the medium used is the rewritable information medium 21 or the read-only information storage medium 22 is the medium identification information (in FIG. (Not shown).

  The data after the descrambling process is sent to the data arrangement part exchanging unit 64. The data arrangement part exchanging unit 64 sends the specific data in the sent descrambled data to the data ID part & IED part extracting part 71.

  The data ID and IED in the descrambled data are detected by the data ID part & IED part extraction part 71, and the data ID after the error check is extracted. The main data 6 after a certain length from the head position of each sector data obtained is extracted by the main data extraction unit 73 and output to the outside through the interface unit 42.

  The operation of each block element of the apparatus in FIG. 29 is controlled by the MPU in the RAM using the RAM in the work area according to the control program written in the ROM in the control unit 43. The data processing described with reference to FIGS. 32 to 36 is also executed according to the control program.

  Next, specific examples of the scramble circuit and the descramble circuit will be described.

  30 shows a scramble circuit, and FIG. 31 shows a descramble circuit.

  A bit string to be scrambled is processed in units of 8 bits (1 byte) one by one.

  The scramble circuit 57 selects an 8-bit shift register circuit 91, an 8-bit switch array 93 having a predetermined on / off pattern, and the bits r0 to r7 of the shift register circuit 91 via the switch array 93. And an adder circuit array 95 connected to each other.

  The shift register circuit 91 is initially cleared (CLR), and when there is no input A to the data port (DATA), all the bits r0 to r7 are all “0”. The shift register circuit 91 receives an input to the data port DATA bit by bit at a clock timing of a predetermined clock (CK), and takes in the received bit data while sequentially shifting the bits to bits r0 to r7.

  The adder circuit array 95 includes seven serially connected 1-bit adders that are selectively connected to the bits r0 to r7 of the shift register circuit 91, the accumulated addition results of these 1-bit adders, and the scramble input A. A final-stage 1-bit adder (the right end of the array 95) that adds and outputs 1-bit data. A scrambling result (scrambled data 11a) is output from the final stage 1-bit adder.

  The on / off pattern of the switch array 93 is the same as the on / off pattern of the switch array 93 of the descramble circuit 59 shown in FIG. This on / off pattern is a kind of key information for the scramble / descramble process.

  The scramble circuit 57 operates as follows in response to the input a or b corresponding to the symbol a in FIG. 24 or the symbol j in FIG.

<In case of input a>
First, from the head of specific data (the first 8 bits of data type 4 and preset data 4) extracted from the sector data to be scrambled, the final stage 1-bit adder (the right end of the array 95) is added. ) To the data port DATA of the shift register circuit 91. The specific data SD-A (8-bit 0/1 bit string) is sequentially taken into the respective bits r0 to r7 of the shift register circuit 91 in synchronization with the timing of the clock CK, one bit at a time from the beginning.

  The bits r0 to r7 of the shift register circuit 91 are connected to an adder circuit array 95 including eight 1-bit adders connected in series through an 8-bit switch array 93 having a predetermined on / off pattern. Has been. The adder circuit array 95 is set to 1-bit data (cleared before setting) in a shift register bit (for example, bits r7, r5, r3, r1) at an ON position in the switch array 93. "0" or "1") is cumulatively added in real time by 1 bit (binary addition), and the addition result (1 bit "0" or "1") is added to the final 1-bit adder (input A 1-bit adder). The output of the final 1-bit adder (1-bit addition result) is a bit of the first scramble result for the input A, and becomes the head of the specific data of the scramble data 11a.

  Similarly, data bits before being scrambled are serially fetched bit by bit in synchronism with the timing of the clock CK, and simultaneously in parallel with this, serially one bit at a time in synchronism with the timing of the clock CK. The scrambled data bits are output from the final stage 1-bit adder of the adder circuit array 95. When the first 8-bit scrambled data is output in this manner, the next 8 bits are immediately scrambled in the same manner without interruption, and the scrambled data bits are output from the final stage 1-bit adder of the adder circuit array 95. In the same manner, subsequent data (after data ID · 1) is scrambled in a predetermined unit (8 bits, that is, 1 byte) and sent to the ECC encoding circuit 61 as scrambled data 11a.

  Of the 0/1 bit string of 8 bits (1 byte) obtained serially in this way, the portion corresponding to the specific data composed of the first predetermined number of bytes (for example, 1 byte) is scrambled fire type (scramble process). It was used as a starting point). Since this is unnecessary as recording information, it will be discarded (or ignored) in later recording processing. Since the same content as that of the discarded specific data is also included in the subsequent scrambled data, there is no problem even if it is discarded.

<In case of input b>
The circuit operation itself of the scramble circuit 57 is the same as that of the input a. However, in the case of input a, the scrambled fire type is data including time-varying data (preset data 4), whereas in the case of input b, the scrambled fire type is fixed data (copyright management information CPR_MAI). Different. Since the scramble fire type is different between the input a and the input b, even if the same scramble circuit is used, the scrambled data 11a for the input a and the scrambled data 11b for the input b have different bit arrangements. .

  In the scramble circuit 57 of FIG. 30, the adder circuit array 95 does not constitute a processing loop (the addition result of the final 1-bit adder is not fed back to the other adder inputs). Even if an error occurs due to the cause, the error does not spread more than 8 bits. That is, since the error propagation distance is limited to 8 bits, the reliability in the operation of the scramble circuit is increased.

  FIG. 31 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the descrambling circuit 58. Here, as with the scramble circuit 57, the descrambling target bit string is processed in units of 8 bits (1 byte) per bit.

  The descrambling circuit 58 includes an 8-bit shift register circuit 91, an 8-bit switch array 93 having a predetermined on / off pattern (same as the on / off pattern of the switch array 93 in FIG. 30), and the switch The adder circuit array 95 is selectively connected to the bits r0 to r7 of the shift register circuit 91 via the array 93.

  Here, the shift register circuit 91 is initially cleared CLR, and the bits r0 to r7 are all “0” when there is no input to the data port DATA. The shift register circuit 91 receives an input to the data port DATA bit by bit at a clock timing of a predetermined clock CK, and takes in the received bit data while sequentially shifting the bits to bits r0 to r7.

  The adder circuit array 95 includes eight serially connected 1-bit adders that are selectively connected to the bits r0 to r7 of the shift register circuit 91. A bit string to be descrambled is input bit by bit from the beginning to the first stage 1-bit adder (the right end of the array 95) selectively connected to the bit r0. The cumulative addition result of the 1-bit adder of the adder circuit array 95 is output from the final-stage 1-bit adder (the left end of the array 95). From this final stage 1-bit adder, a bit string of a descrambling result (output c or output d) is obtained.

<When the data shown in FIG. 23 is descrambled>
The descrambling circuit of FIG. 31 operates as follows on the scrambled data scrambled data 16 as indicated by the symbol a.

  The scrambled data type and preset data position data 23 and the scrambled data 17 are sequentially input to the data port DATA of the shift register circuit 91. This data (8-bit 0/1 bit string) is sequentially taken into the respective bits r0 to r7 of the shift register circuit 91 in synchronization with the timing of the clock CK bit by bit from the head.

  Each bit r0-r7 of the shift register circuit 91 is composed of eight 1-bit adders connected in series via an 8-bit switch array 93 having the same on / off pattern as the switch array 93 of FIG. The adder circuit array 95 is connected. The addition circuit array 95 cumulatively adds 1 bit (binary addition) in real time to 1-bit data (“0” or “1”) set in the shift register bit at the ON position in the switch array 93. Then, the addition result (1 bit “0” or “1”) is output from the final 1-bit adder (the leftmost 1-bit adder to which the register r7 is connected). The output (1 bit addition result) of this final stage 1-bit adder becomes the data after descrambling.

  Similarly, the data bits before being descrambled serially one bit at a time in synchronization with the timing of the clock CK are taken into the shift register circuit 91 and inputted to the first stage 1-bit adder on the right end of the adder circuit array 95. The data bits after descrambling serially bit by bit are output from the final stage 1-bit adder of the adder circuit array 95 in synchronization with this timing. When the first 8 bits of descrambling data are output in this way, the next 8 bits are immediately scrambled in the same manner without interruption, and the scrambled data bits are output from the final stage 1-bit adder of the adder circuit array 95. Similarly, subsequent data is descrambled in a predetermined unit (8 bits, that is, 1 byte), and output A after descrambling is obtained.

  Of the 0/1 bit string in 8-bit (1 byte) units serially obtained in this way, the portion corresponding to the specific data composed of the first predetermined number of bytes (here 1 byte) starts descrambling processing. Since it is used as a trigger for the recording and is unnecessary as reproduction information, it is discarded (or ignored) in later recording processing. Since the same content as that corresponding to the discarded specific data (SD-A) is included in the subsequent scrambled data, there is no problem even if it is discarded.

<When data as shown in FIG. 24 is descrambled>
The circuit operation itself of the descrambling circuit is the same as that of the data 17. However, in the case of data 17, the descrambling fire type includes data including time-varying data (preset data 4), whereas in the case of data 18, the descrambling fire type is fixed data (copyright management information CPR_MAI). Is different.

  Even in this descrambling circuit, the adder circuit array 95 does not constitute a processing loop (the addition result of the final stage 1-bit adder is not fed back to the other adder inputs). Even if an error occurs for some reason, the error does not spread more than 8 bits. That is, since the error propagation distance is limited to 8 bits, the reliability of the descramble circuit operation is high.

<Characteristics of Embodiment of FIG. 31>
If the descrambling circuit has a feedback loop for the input data, if an error occurs in the input data due to some reason (defect on the information storage medium 21/22 and / or dust or scratch on the medium surface). The error is propagated to the subsequent processing by the cyclic processing operation of the feedback loop. However, if the feedback loop is not provided, even if an error is included in the input data, the error location is not fed back (circulated), and after passing through the shift register circuit 91, the shift register is directly used. It disappears from the circuit 91. That is, by adopting a circuit configuration that does not have a feedback loop, a characteristic (error propagation suppression characteristic) that does not propagate an error more than the number of bits of the shift register circuit 91 appears.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to simplify the synchronization code position detection and improve the detection reliability of the synchronization code.

Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the data arrangement method in the read-only area | region of the read-only information storage medium or information storage medium based on this invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a data arrangement method in a read-only information storage medium or a read-only area of an information storage medium in the context of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a one-segment area (continuous data recording unit) range in a read-only information storage medium or a read-only area of an information storage medium. The explanatory view for comparison shown in order to explain the effect of the data arrangement method on the information storage medium concerning this invention. Explanatory drawing shown in order to demonstrate the effect of the data arrangement method on the information storage medium based on this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the 1 segment area | region (continuous data recording unit) range in the recording area (a recordable area or a rewritable area) of the recordable information storage medium based on this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows an example of the user data recording method in the recording area (a recordable area or a rewritable area) of the recordable information storage medium based on this invention. The figure shown in order to demonstrate the structure of the recordable information storage medium based on this invention, and the user data recording method shown in FIG. The figure shown in order to demonstrate the structure of the recordable information storage medium based on this invention and the user data recording method shown in FIG. 7 in relation to FIG. Explanatory drawing regarding the necessity of the clearance gap area | region shown in FIG. 8 which concerns on this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the 2nd example of the user data recording method in the recording area (a recordable area or a rewritable area) of the recordable information storage medium based on this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the 3rd example of the user data recording method in the recording area (a recordable area or a rewritable area) of the recordable information storage medium based on this invention. The figure for demonstrating the relationship between the physical sector and the logical sector applied with respect to the data structure of the read-only area | region of the information storage medium which concerns on this invention, a recordable area | region, and a rewritable area | region. The figure for demonstrating the information after a scramble and the physical sector and logical sector which are applied with respect to the data structure of the read-only area | region of the information storage medium which concerns on this invention, a recordable area | region, and a rewritable area | region. The figure for demonstrating the ECC block applied with respect to the data structure of the read-only area | region of the information storage medium which concerns on this invention, a recordable area | region, and a rewritable area | region. The figure for demonstrating the relationship between the physical sector and ECC block applied with respect to the data structure of the read-only area | region of the information storage medium which concerns on this invention, a recordable area | region, and a rewritable area | region. The figure for demonstrating arrangement | positioning of the sync frame data applied with respect to the data structure of the read-only area | region, the additionally writable area | region, and the rewritable area | region of the information storage medium based on this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between said sync frame data, a synchronization code, and a sync frame length. Explanatory drawing which shows the example of the structure of the synchronous code which concerns on this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the detailed example of the structure of the synchronous code based on this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the example of the arrangement | positioning pattern of the synchronous code which concerns on this invention, and sync frame data. Explanatory drawing which shows the method of calculating | requiring the sync frame position in 1 physical sector from the arrangement | sequence order of the sync frame position identification code in said synchronous code. Similarly, an explanatory view showing a method of determining the sync frame position in one physical sector from the arrangement order of the sync frame position identification codes in the sync code. Explanatory drawing which shows the method of the scramble process of the data recorded on the information storage medium based on this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the method of the scramble process of the data recorded on the information storage medium based on this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the method by which the data recorded on the information storage medium based on this invention are descrambled. Explanatory drawing which shows the method by which the data recorded on the information storage medium based on this invention are descrambled. The figure which shows a recording system in the structure of the information recording / reproducing apparatus concerning this invention. The figure which shows a reproducing | regenerating system in the structure of the information recording / reproducing apparatus concerning this invention. The figure which shows the structural example of the scramble circuit based on this invention. The figure which shows the structural example of the descrambling circuit which concerns on this invention. 4 is a flowchart showing a method for controlling access to a predetermined position using a PA area in the information recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 33 is a flowchart showing a continuation of FIG. 32. 6 is a flowchart showing a method for controlling access to a predetermined position using a PS area in the information recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present invention. The flowchart which shows the continuation of FIG. The flowchart shown in order to demonstrate the recording method or the rewriting method in the information recording / reproducing apparatus concerning this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  9 ... Information storage medium, 5-0, 5-1, 5-2, ... Physical sector data, 110 ... Synchronization code, 301a ... Intermediate area, 303a ... User data area, 304 ... Error correction code block, 305a, 305b ... 1 segment area, 308 ... sync frame length, 311 ... PA area, 312 ... VFO area, 313 ... PS area.

Claims (4)

A sector that is a unit of information is defined,
An error correction block composed of one or more of the above sectors is defined as recording data,
A user data recording area in which at least a part of the error correction block is recorded, and an intermediate area arranged between the plurality of user data recording areas,
The recording track in which the user data recording area and the intermediate area are arranged on the upper surface has a wobble formed on its side,
The intermediate area includes a data area represented by the wobble pattern for synchronization corresponding to the user data recording area, and also includes a postamble area, and further includes recording of the recording data. The position shifted backward from the start position of the specific wobble pattern corresponding to the position is set as the recording start position of the recording data, and the recording data of the recording unit preceding the unit in which the recording data starts to be written Is recorded up to the middle of the wobble pattern,
The recording data includes ECC blocks, one ECC block is composed of 32 physical sectors, and the one ECC block is composed of a combination of two small ECC blocks. A multipurpose information storage medium, wherein at least one of the plurality of the specific wobble patterns provided in the recording medium is arranged immediately before an ECC block start position recorded on the recording track. A sector that is a unit of information is defined,
An error correction block composed of one or more of the above sectors is defined as recording data,
A user data recording area in which at least a part of the error correction block is recorded, and an intermediate area arranged between the plurality of user data recording areas,
The recording track in which the user data recording area and the intermediate area are arranged on the upper surface has a wobble formed on its side,
The intermediate area includes a data area represented by the wobble pattern for synchronization corresponding to the user data recording area, and also includes a postamble area, and further includes recording of the recording data. The position shifted backward from the start position of the specific wobble pattern corresponding to the position is set as the recording start position of the recording data, and the recording data of the recording unit preceding the unit in which the recording data starts to be written Is recorded up to the middle of the wobble pattern,
The recording data includes ECC blocks, one ECC block is composed of 32 physical sectors, and the one ECC block is composed of a combination of two small ECC blocks. An information storage method, wherein at least one of the plurality of the specific wobble patterns provided in the recording medium is arranged immediately before an ECC block start position recorded on the recording track. A sector that is a unit of information is defined,
An error correction block composed of one or more of the above sectors is defined as recording data,
A user data recording area in which at least a part of the error correction block is recorded, and an intermediate area arranged between the plurality of user data recording areas,
The recording track in which the user data recording area and the intermediate area are arranged on the upper surface has a wobble formed on its side,
The intermediate area includes a data area represented by the wobble pattern for synchronization corresponding to the user data recording area, and also includes a postamble area, and further includes recording of the recording data. The position shifted backward from the start position of the specific wobble pattern corresponding to the position is set as the recording start position of the recording data, and the recording data of the recording unit preceding the unit in which the recording data starts to be written Is recorded up to the middle of the wobble pattern,
The recording data includes ECC blocks, one ECC block is composed of 32 physical sectors, and the one ECC block is composed of a combination of two small ECC blocks. At least one of the plurality of the specific wobble patterns provided in is arranged immediately before the ECC block start position recorded on the recording track,
An information reproducing method, wherein the specific wobble pattern is reproduced and referred to, and the recording data to be reproduced is reproduced after reproducing the recording data of the preceding recording unit. A sector that is a unit of information is defined,
An error correction block composed of one or more of the above sectors is defined as recording data,
A user data recording area in which at least a part of the error correction block is recorded, and an intermediate area arranged between the plurality of user data recording areas,
The recording track in which the user data recording area and the intermediate area are arranged on the upper surface has a wobble formed on its side,
The intermediate area includes a data area represented by the wobble pattern for synchronization corresponding to the user data recording area, and also includes a postamble area, and further includes recording of the recording data. The position shifted backward from the start position of the specific wobble pattern corresponding to the position is set as the recording start position of the recording data, and the recording data of the recording unit preceding the unit in which the recording data starts to be written Is recorded up to the middle of the wobble pattern,
The recording data includes ECC blocks, one ECC block is composed of 32 physical sectors, and the one ECC block is composed of a combination of two small ECC blocks. At least one of the plurality of the specific wobble patterns provided in is arranged immediately before the ECC block start position recorded on the recording track,
An information reproducing apparatus comprising: means for reproducing the recorded data to be reproduced after reproducing the recording data of the preceding recording unit, with the specific wobble pattern being reproduced and referred to.

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