JP2006263418A - Bio-toilet - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a bio-toilet which makes working of a microorganism active, makes a commercial power source for an electric heater as a heating means for evaporating moisture unnecessary, is small, and can be easily transported and installed. <P>SOLUTION: The bio-toilet has a toilet bowl 4, a fermentation treatment tank 5 which is provided below this toilet bowl and holds a fermentation bed and feces and urine 8, a reservoir 6 which surrounds this fermentation treatment tank 5 and heats the inside of the fermentation treatment tank 5 by heating a latent heat thermal storage material 12 stored inside by heat exchange with a warm water pipe 3, a liquid storage tank 20 which stores a warm water 7 warming the latent heat thermal storage material 12 within this reservoir 6, a solar water heater 2 which heats the warm water 7 stored in this liquid storage tank 20, and a pump 30 which sends the warm water 7 from this solar water heater 2 to the inside of the liquid storage tank 20 and into a warm water pipe 3 within the reservoir 6. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a biotoilet that decomposes manure with heat and microorganisms.

Toilet that decomposes manure with microorganisms and heat does not need to be pumped and does not need to be drained into sewage, it has been developed and known as an environmentally friendly toilet. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent No. 3160859

However, most biotoilets require heating means for activating microorganisms and adjusting moisture, and electric heaters are mainly used, but they consume a great deal of power. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2).
Patent No. 3027823

In addition, biotoilets that do not require commercial power have been developed. However, if solar power, wind power, or fossil fuel power is used to supply power necessary for heating, the facility becomes a large-scale facility. Yes. (For example, refer to Patent Document 3).
JP 2002-161572

  The conventional biotoilet as described above uses a commercial power source for electric heaters, so electrical work is required in places where power is not supplied, so remote islands and mountains where power supply is difficult, and disasters There was a problem that sometimes it could not be easily moved and installed.

  In addition, when solar power generation, wind power generation, or a fuel cell is used as the heating means, there is a problem that a large-scale facility is required and the facility cost and running cost are increased.

  In addition, when using a solar water heater as a heating means, use hot water warmed by a solar water heater, but in order to keep the heat of warm water stored in the daytime until the next morning, use an electric heater or the like of an auxiliary heat source, There was also a problem that the heat collection area of the solar water heater and the capacity of the liquid storage tank had to be increased.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and does not require a commercial power source for an electric heater as a heating means that activates the action of microorganisms and evaporates moisture, and is small and easily used. The purpose is to obtain a biotoilet that can be moved and installed, and has low equipment and running costs.

  In the biotoilet of the present invention, the above-described fermentation treatment is performed by a toilet bowl, a fermentation treatment tank provided in the lower part of the toilet bowl and containing a fermentation bed and manure, and a heating member that surrounds the fermentation treatment tank and is stored inside. A liquid storage tank for heating the inside of the tank, a liquid storage tank for storing hot water for heating the heating member in the liquid storage tank, a solar water heater for heating the hot water stored in the liquid storage tank, and the solar water heater from the above And a pump for feeding hot water into the liquid storage tank and the hot water pipe in the liquid storage tank.

  Further, a toilet, a fermentation tank provided in the lower part of the toilet and containing a fermentation bed and manure, and a storage that surrounds the fermentation tank and heats the inside of the fermentation tank by a heating member stored inside. A liquid tank, a liquid storage tank for storing hot water for heating the heating member in the liquid storage tank, a solar water heater for heating the hot water stored in the liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank and the above from the solar water heater A pump for feeding hot water to a hot water pipe in the liquid storage tank, valves for controlling the pump, and a photovoltaic power generation unit for supplying power to the pump and valves are provided.

  Moreover, the said heating member is a latent heat storage material which shows the phase change of solid and liquid near the preset temperature value of a fermentation treatment tank.

  The biotoilet of the present invention uses hot water heated by a solar water heater as a heating means for the fermentation treatment tank, so that an electric heater like a conventional biotoilet is unnecessary, and power consumption is significantly reduced. Become.

  In addition, since power is supplied to the pumps and control valves by the solar power generation unit, it can be easily installed at a place where power is not supplied, at the time of a disaster, and is easy to move.

  Moreover, since the latent heat storage material is used as the heating member, the temperature change in the fermentation treatment tank is gradual, and the temperature can be easily kept constant.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a configuration diagram of a biotoilet showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention, in which (A) is a front view and (B) is a right side view. In the figure, 1 is a toilet house, which will be described later 4. Fermentation processing tank 5, liquid storage tank 6, liquid storage tank 20, etc. are installed. Reference numeral 2 denotes a solar water heater, which is integrally installed on the roof of the toilet house 1.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the biotoilet showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a fermentation treatment tank and a liquid storage tank of the biotoilet of the present invention. In the figure, 4 is a toilet bowl installed inside the toilet house 1, and 5 is a fermentation treatment tank installed at the lower part of the toilet bowl 4. A liquid storage tank 6 is installed so as to surround the fermentation tank 5. The liquid storage tank 6 is provided with a hot water pipe 3 for introducing hot water 7 from the liquid storage tank 20, and a latent heat storage material 12 as a heating member is stored around the hot water pipe 3. This latent heat storage material 12 has the property of showing a phase change between solid and liquid near the set temperature value of the fermentation treatment tank 5, and is made of, for example, calcium chloride hydrate, sodium sulfate hydrate, or paraffin. It is a thing. Hot water 7 warmed by the solar water heater 2 is introduced into the liquid storage tank 6 from the liquid inlet 3a, discharged from the liquid outlet 3b through the hot water pipe 3, and circulated to heat the latent heat storage material 12 for fermentation treatment. The fermentation bed inside the tank 5 and the manure 8 are indirectly heated.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the fermentation tank 5 has a stirring bed 9 that contains a fermentation bed and manure 8 and stirs the inside uniformly, and a stirring shaft 10. Reference numeral 11 denotes an air supply port, which feeds air into the fermentation treatment tank 5 from a through-hole 5a provided in the lower part of the fermentation treatment tank 5 to make aerobic bacteria work effectively. Reference numeral 15 denotes a first temperature sensor which detects the liquid temperature inside the liquid storage tank 6.

  Reference numeral 20 denotes a liquid storage tank, in which hot water 7 warmed by the solar water heater 2 is accumulated. Reference numeral 21 denotes a second temperature sensor which detects the liquid temperature inside the liquid storage tank 20. Reference numeral 30 denotes a pump that sends hot water 7 from the solar water heater 2 to the hot water pipe 3 in the liquid storage tank 20 and the liquid storage tank 6. A light / dark sensor 31 or a time switch is attached to the solar water heater tank 2 a and controls the operation of the pump 30.

  40 is a pipe connecting the liquid storage tank 20 and the liquid storage tank 6, 41 is a pipe connecting the liquid storage tank 6 and the solar water heater 2, and 42 is a pipe connecting the solar water heater 2 and the liquid storage tank 20. 43 is a pipe connecting the liquid storage tank 20 and the pipe 41, and 44 is a pipe connecting the pipe 41 and the pipe 42. 50, 51 and 52 are air vent valves. Reference numerals 60, 61, 62, and 63 denote solenoid valves. 65 is a drain which can discharge liquid from the lower part of the liquid storage tank 6 to the outside. 66 is a manual valve which is used during maintenance. Note that power to devices with low power consumption, such as pumps 30 and 31, electromagnetic valves 60, 61, 62, and 63, is supplied from a commercial power source (not shown).

  The operation and effect of the biotoilet configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. During normal operation in the daytime (when it is bright), it is determined that the solar water heater 2 is in a heated state by the brightness sensor or the time switch 31 provided in the solar water heater tank 2a, and the first pump 30 is operated. Thus, the hot water 7 heated by the solar water heater 2 circulates between the liquid storage tank 20 and the solar water heater 2. At this time, the electromagnetic valves 60 and 61 are closed and 62 and 63 are opened, and the hot water 7 is not supplied to the liquid storage tank 6.

  Even in the daytime (when bright), when the first temperature sensor 15 in the liquid storage tank 6 detects a temperature lower than the set temperature, the electromagnetic valves 60 and 61 are opened, 62 and 63 are closed, and the liquid storage tank 20 is warmed. The heated water 7 is overflowed and sent to the liquid storage tank 6, and the interior of the fermentation treatment tank 5 is heated by heating the latent heat storage material 12 stored in the liquid storage tank 6.

  Further, when the first temperature sensor 15 of the liquid storage tank 6 detects a temperature higher than the set temperature, the operation of switching to the normal daytime solenoid valve operation is repeated, and the temperature inside the fermentation treatment tank 5 is always kept constant. Configured to keep.

  At night (when dark), the solar water heater 2 does not have the ability to warm up, so the same circulation method as in the daytime is not performed. That is, due to the function of the light / dark sensor or the time switch 31, in the normal operation at night, the pump 30 is in a stopped state, and at this time, the solenoid valves 60, 61, 62, 63 are all closed. .

  However, when the first temperature sensor 15 in the liquid storage tank 6 detects a temperature lower than the set temperature value, the electromagnetic valves 60 and 61 are opened, the electromagnetic valves 62 and 63 are closed, the pump 30 is operated, and the storage is performed. The warm water 7 heated from the liquid tank 20 overflows and is sent to the liquid storage tank 6, and the latent heat storage material 12 stored in the liquid storage tank 6 is heated to heat the inside of the fermentation treatment tank 5.

Further, even if the first temperature sensor 15 detects a temperature lower than the set temperature, if the second temperature sensor 21 of the liquid storage tank 20 detects a temperature lower than the set temperature 15, it is repeatedly circulated. In this case, the operation of the first pump 30 is stopped because it is useless.

  As described above, in the configuration of the biotoilet as in the first embodiment, since the hot water 7 heated by the solar water heater 2 is used as the heating means of the fermentation treatment tank 5, the necessary power is electromagnetic. Since only the power consumption of the valves 60, 61, 62, 63, the pump 30 and the control device (not shown) is required, the running cost is greatly reduced compared to the case where an electric heater such as a conventional biotoilet is used. can do.

  In addition, the electric heater such as the conventional biotoilet is locally heated and the temperature unevenness in the fermentation bed and manure 8 is large. In the biotoilet of the present invention, the latent heat storage material 12 is used. The temperature change in the treatment tank 5 is gradual, and the temperature can be easily kept constant.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a biotoilet showing Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the figure, components similar to those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. 45 is a pipe connecting the liquid storage tank 6 and the liquid storage tank 20, and 46 is a pipe connecting the liquid storage tank 20 and the solar water heater 2. Reference numeral 70 denotes a first circulation pump, and reference numeral 71 denotes a second circulation pump. The hot water 7 is sent from the solar water heater 2 to the hot water pipe 3 in the liquid storage tank 20 and the liquid storage tank 6.

  The operation and effect of the biotoilet configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. The warm water 7 heated by the solar water heater 2 is operated in the daytime (when it is bright) during normal operation when the solar water heater is heated by the light / dark sensor or the time switch 31 provided in the solar water heater tank 2a. The hot water 7 circulates between the liquid storage tank 20 and the solar water heater 2 by operating the first circulation pump 70. At this time, the second circulation pump 71 is stopped and hot water is not supplied to the fermentation treatment tank 5 side.

  Even in the daytime (when bright), when the first temperature sensor 15 in the liquid storage tank 6 detects a temperature lower than the set temperature, the second circulation pump 71 is operated, and the hot water 7 overflows from the liquid storage tank 20. Then, the interior of the fermentation treatment tank 5 is heated by heating the latent heat storage material 12 that is sent to the liquid storage tank 6 and stored in the liquid storage tank 6.

  Further, when the first temperature sensor 15 of the liquid storage tank 6 detects a temperature higher than the set temperature, the second circulation pump 71 repeats the operation of stopping, and always keeps the temperature inside the fermentation treatment tank 5 constant. It is configured as follows.

  At night (when dark), the solar water heater 2 does not have the ability to warm, so the same circulation method as in the daytime is not performed. In other words, the first circulation pump 70 is stopped by the function of the light / dark sensor or the time switch 31 during normal nighttime.

  When the first temperature sensor 15 in the liquid storage tank 6 detects a temperature lower than the set temperature, the second circulation pump 71 is operated, and the hot water 7 overflows from the liquid storage tank 20 to the liquid storage tank 6. The inside of the fermentation treatment tank 5 is heated by heating the latent heat storage material 12 that is sent and stored in the liquid storage tank 6.

  Even if the first temperature sensor 15 detects a temperature lower than the set temperature, if the first temperature sensor 21 of the liquid storage tank 20 detects a temperature lower than the set temperature, the first temperature sensor 15 circulates repeatedly. In this case, the operation of the second circulation pump 71 is stopped because it is useless.

  As described above, in the configuration of the biotoilet as in the second embodiment, since the hot water 7 heated by the solar water heater 2 is used as the heating means of the fermentation treatment tank 5, the necessary power is circulated. Since only the power consumption of the pumps 70 and 71 and the control device (not shown) is required, the running cost can be greatly reduced as compared with the case where an electric heater such as a biotoilet of a conventional apparatus is used.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a biotoilet showing Embodiment 3 of the present invention, in which (A) is a front view and (B) is a right side view. In the figure, 1 is a toilet house, A fermentation tank 5, a liquid storage tank 6, a liquid storage tank 20, and the like are installed.
2 is a solar water heater, and 900 is a solar power generation module that supplies power to the equipment to be used, and is installed integrally on the roof of the toilet house 1.

  FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a photovoltaic power generation unit that supplies power to the biotoilet of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 200 denotes a ventilating fan, which is used for discharging to the outside so that the smell of the toilet does not fill inside, and operates for 24 hours. Reference numeral 300 denotes illumination, which uses a power-saving LED and is automatically turned on / off by the action of a human sensor (not shown). 400 is a blower, which is used to send air to the fermentation bed and manure 8 to activate the aerobic fermentation bacteria, and is automatically operated in conjunction with a human sensor and a timer (not shown). .

  Reference numeral 500 denotes a stirring motor, which is used to evenly stir the fermentation bed and manure 8 so that they can be easily fermented, and is automatically operated in conjunction with a human sensor and a timer (not shown). 30, 70, 71 are pumps used to circulate hot water 7 as a heating medium. Reference numeral 600 denotes a control component such as an electromagnetic valve or a temperature sensor, which includes temperature sensors 15 and 21, a light / dark sensor, a time switch 31, and the like. A battery 800 is a device that stores electric power generated by the solar power generation unit.

  The operation and effect of the biotoilet configured as shown in FIG. 5 will be described. Since the operation of the biotoilet is the same as in the first and second embodiments, the description thereof is omitted. In Embodiments 1 and 2, the case where the commercial power source is used has been described. However, the case where the commercial power source is not used or cannot be used is compensated by using a photovoltaic power generation unit as shown in the block diagram of FIG. This eliminates the need for a commercial power supply and can be easily moved and installed. That is, the operation of the photovoltaic power generation unit stores the electric power generated by the photovoltaic power generation module 900 in the battery 800 and supplies the electric power to the ventilation fan 200, the illumination 300, the blower 400, and the stirring motor 600.

  It is a biotoilet which shows Embodiment 1 of this invention, (A) is a front view, (B) is a right view.   It is a block diagram of the biotoilet which shows Embodiment 1 of this invention.   It is an expanded sectional view which shows the fermentation processing tank and liquid storage tank of the biotoilet of this invention.   It is a block diagram of the biotoilet which shows Embodiment 2 of this invention.   It is a biotoilet which shows Embodiment 3 of this invention, (A) is a front view, (B) is a right view.   It is a block diagram of the solar power generation unit which supplies electric power to the bio-toilet of Embodiment 3 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

    2 Solar water heater, 3 Hot water pipe, 4 Toilet bowl, 5 Fermentation tank, 6 Liquid storage tank, 7 Hot water, 8 Fermentation bed and manure, 12 Latent heat storage material (heating member), 20 Liquid storage tank, 30, 70, 71 Pump, 60, 61, 62, 63 Solenoid valve, 900 Solar power generation module

Claims (3)

  A toilet, a fermentation tank provided in the lower part of the toilet and containing a fermentation bed and manure, and a liquid storage tank that surrounds the fermentation tank and heats the inside of the fermentation tank by a heating member stored inside A liquid storage tank for storing hot water for heating the heating member in the liquid storage tank, a solar water heater for heating the hot water stored in the liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank and the liquid storage from the solar water heater A biotoilet comprising a pump for feeding hot water into a hot water pipe in the tank.   A toilet, a fermentation tank provided in the lower part of the toilet and containing a fermentation bed and manure, and a liquid storage tank that surrounds the fermentation tank and heats the inside of the fermentation tank by a heating member stored inside A liquid storage tank for storing hot water for heating the heating member in the liquid storage tank, a solar water heater for heating the hot water stored in the liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank and the liquid storage from the solar water heater A biotoilet comprising a pump for feeding hot water to a hot water pipe in a tank, valves for controlling the pump, and a solar power generation unit for supplying electric power to the pump and valves.   The biotoilet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heating member is a latent heat storage material that exhibits a phase change between a solid and a liquid in the vicinity of a set temperature value of the fermentation treatment tank.

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