JP2006254635A

JP2006254635A - Load leveler

Info

Publication number: JP2006254635A
Application number: JP2005069673A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Kenichi Suzuki; 健一鈴木
Original assignee: Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc
Current assignee: Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc
Priority date: 2005-03-11
Filing date: 2005-03-11
Publication date: 2006-09-21

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a load leveler which levels a load in a premise system while arranging the system so that the leveller may not have power exceeding contract power and that a bank may not be overloaded. <P>SOLUTION: Relating to a load leveler which levels the load of the premise system that cooperates, at a power reception point, by a commercial power system and has a plurality of banks, and possesses a plurality of distributed power units in every bank, the load leveler has a reception point power controller which gets the upper limit value of the charge power of a distributed power unit so that the quantity of power at the point of power reception at every demand limit at the point of power reception may be contract power or smaller when charging the distributed power unit, a bank passing power controller which acquires the correction value of the charge power of the distributed power unit so that the passing power may be passage capacity or under in the bank, and a PCS controller which controls the dispersed power controller based on the effective power standard obtained by modifying, by correction, the value modified from a predetermined reception planned value so as to be the upper limit value or smaller. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

この発明は、負荷を平準化して契約電力を小さくすることにより電気料金の低減を行うための負荷平準化装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a load leveling device for reducing an electricity bill by leveling a load to reduce contract power.

従来の負荷平準化装置は、電力系統と電力負荷設備と高温二次電池及び交直変換装置とからなる電力貯蔵システムとが電気的に接続され、通常時は電力系統から電力負荷設備に電力を供給すると共に、ピークカット及び負荷平準化運転を電力貯蔵システムが行っている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 A conventional load leveling device is electrically connected to a power storage system comprising a power system, a power load facility, a high-temperature secondary battery, and an AC / DC converter, and normally supplies power to the power load facility from the power system. In addition, the power storage system performs peak cut and load leveling operation (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

特開２００１−３２７０８３号公報JP 2001-327083 A

しかし、夜間に複数の分散型電源を予め設定されたパターンに基づいて充電しているときに、負荷が変動して商用系統からの受電点における受電電力が増加する方向に変化すると、その受電電力が契約電力を超えるデマンド時限が記録され、違約金を支払うことになる。そこで、契約電力を超過するような場合、その受電点電力に応じて予め設定された電力パターンに優先して、受電点電力制御から得られる電力値を指令値として充電するようにしている。
しかし、複数のバンクに連なった複数の分散型電源装置に受電点電力制御から得られる電力値で充電すると、設備容量の小さなバンクが過負荷になることが起こるという問題がある。 However, when a plurality of distributed power sources are charged at night based on a preset pattern, if the load fluctuates and the received power at the receiving point from the commercial system increases, the received power The demand time limit exceeding the contract power will be recorded and a penalty will be paid. Therefore, when the contract power is exceeded, the power value obtained from the power receiving point power control is charged as the command value in preference to the power pattern preset according to the power receiving point power.
However, if a plurality of distributed power supply devices connected to a plurality of banks are charged with a power value obtained from power receiving point power control, there is a problem that a bank with a small facility capacity may be overloaded.

この発明の目的は、契約電力を超えないようにするとともに、バンクが過負荷にならないようにしながら構内系統の負荷を平準化する負荷平準化装置を提供することである。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a load leveling device for leveling a load on a premises system while preventing contract power from being exceeded and preventing a bank from being overloaded.

この発明に係わる負荷平準化装置は、受電点において商用系統に連系するとともに複数のバンクを有する構内系統の負荷を平準化し、上記バンク毎に複数の分散型電源装置を具備する負荷平準化装置において、上記分散型電源装置に充電するとき、上記受電点におけるデマンド時限毎の受電点電力量が契約電力以下になるように上記分散型電源装置の充電電力の上限値を求める受電点電力制御装置と、上記バンクにおいて通過電力が通過容量以下になるように上記分散型電源装置の充電電力の補正値を求めるバンク通過電力制御装置と、予め決められている電力計画値を上記上限値以下になるように修正された値を上記補正値により補正することにより求められる有効電力基準に基づき上記分散型電源装置を制御するＰＣＳ制御装置と、を具備する。 A load leveling apparatus according to the present invention leveles a load of a premises system having a plurality of banks that are connected to a commercial system at a power receiving point, and includes a plurality of distributed power supply devices for each bank. Receiving power control device for obtaining an upper limit value of the charging power of the distributed power supply so that the amount of power received at each demand time period at the power receiving point is equal to or less than contract power when charging the distributed power supply And a bank passing power control device that obtains a correction value of the charging power of the distributed power supply device so that the passing power is less than or equal to the passing capacity in the bank, and a predetermined power plan value is less than or equal to the upper limit value. A PCS control device for controlling the distributed power supply device based on an active power standard obtained by correcting the corrected value with the correction value. To.

この発明に係わる負荷平準化装置の効果は、バンクの通過電力が通過容量を超えないように当該バンクに接続されている分散型電源装置の充電電力が減少されるので、バンクが過負荷になることが防げる。 The effect of the load leveling apparatus according to the present invention is that the charging power of the distributed power supply device connected to the bank is reduced so that the passing power of the bank does not exceed the passing capacity, so that the bank is overloaded. I can prevent it.

図１は、この発明の実施の形態に係わる負荷平準化装置が配備されている構内系統のブロック図である。図２は、実施の形態に係わる受電点電力制御装置の機能ブロック図である。図３は、実施の形態に係わるバンク通過電力制御装置の機能ブロック図である。図４は、実施の形態に係わるＰＣＳ制御装置の機能ブロック図である。
この構内系統１には、図１に示すように、２つのバンク２、３があり、それぞれのバンク２、３に分散型電源装置４ａ〜４ｄが２台ずつ接続されている。また、それぞれのバンク２、３は、変圧器５により所望の電圧に変換されている。また、それぞれのバンク２、３には、負荷６が接続されている。そして、各バンク２、３の通過容量は変圧器５の設備容量により決められる。
なお、この実施の形態の説明において、構内系統１のバンク２、３を２系統、各バンク２、３に接続されている分散型電源装置４を２台として説明するが、この系統の数や台数はこれに限るものではないことは言うまでもない。 FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a premise system in which a load leveling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided. FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the power receiving point power control apparatus according to the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the bank passing power control apparatus according to the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of the PCS control apparatus according to the embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1, the local system 1 includes two banks 2 and 3, and two distributed power supply devices 4 a to 4 d are connected to the banks 2 and 3, respectively. Each bank 2, 3 is converted to a desired voltage by the transformer 5. A load 6 is connected to each of the banks 2 and 3. The passing capacities of the banks 2 and 3 are determined by the equipment capacity of the transformer 5.
In the description of this embodiment, two banks 2 and 3 of the premises system 1 and two distributed power supply devices 4 connected to the banks 2 and 3 are described. Needless to say, the number is not limited to this.

そして、構内系統１が商用系統７と連系される受電点８における受電点電力に基づく契約電力が需要家と電力会社との間で決められている。この契約電力は、通常３０分からなるデマンド時限の間の受電点電力量の平均値に対して決められており、この受電点電力量の平均値が契約電力を超えたとき違約金を支払うことを前提とした価格が設定されている。そこで、需要家は、構内系統１に接続されている負荷６の負荷電力が少ない夜間に分散型電源装置４に貯え、負荷６の負荷電力が増える昼間に分散型電源装置４から放電することにより、一日に亘る受電点電力を平準化するために分散型電源装置４を設置している。 Then, contract power based on the receiving point power at the receiving point 8 where the on-premises system 1 is connected to the commercial system 7 is determined between the customer and the power company. This contract power is determined with respect to the average value of the receiving point power amount during the demand time period, which is normally 30 minutes, and a penalty is paid when the average value of the receiving point power amount exceeds the contract power. The assumed price is set. Therefore, the consumer stores the load in the distributed power supply 4 at night when the load power of the load 6 connected to the premises system 1 is low, and discharges from the distributed power supply 4 during the day when the load power of the load 6 increases. The distributed power supply device 4 is installed in order to level the receiving point power over the entire day.

分散型電源装置４ａ〜４ｄは、直流電力が充放電される分散型電源としてのナトリウム−硫黄電池９、直流電力と交流電力とを双方向に変換する交直変換装置１０を具備している。
なお、分散型電源は、ナトリウム−硫黄電池９以外にもレドックスフロー電池、超電導コイル電力貯蔵装置、フライホイール電力貯蔵装置、電気二重層コンデンサ、リチウムイオン二次電池など商用系統７から電力を受電して貯蔵し、逆に電力を放電して負荷６に供給できるものであれば、この発明をナトリウム−硫黄電池９と同様に適用することができる。 The distributed power supply devices 4a to 4d include a sodium-sulfur battery 9 as a distributed power source that is charged and discharged with DC power, and an AC / DC converter 10 that bidirectionally converts DC power and AC power.
In addition to the sodium-sulfur battery 9, the distributed power source receives power from a commercial system 7 such as a redox flow battery, a superconducting coil power storage device, a flywheel power storage device, an electric double layer capacitor, and a lithium ion secondary battery. The present invention can be applied in the same manner as the sodium-sulfur battery 9 as long as it can be stored and discharged and supplied to the load 6.

この実施の形態に係わる負荷平準化装置１１は、各バンク２、３に接続されている第１号から第４号の分散型電源装置４ａ〜４ｄ、各分散型電源装置４ａ〜４ｄの交直変換装置１０を制御するＰＣＳ制御装置１２ａ〜１２ｄ、デマンド時限の受電点電力量が契約電力を超えないように制御する受電点電力制御装置１３、各バンク２、３の通過電力が通過容量を超えないように制御するバンク通過電力制御装置１４ａ、１４ｂを具備している。 The load leveling device 11 according to this embodiment includes the first to fourth distributed power supply devices 4a to 4d connected to the banks 2 and 3 and AC / DC conversion of the distributed power supply devices 4a to 4d. PCS control devices 12a to 12d for controlling the device 10, power receiving point power control device 13 for controlling the power receiving point power amount for the demand time limit not to exceed the contract power, and the passing power of each bank 2, 3 does not exceed the passing capacity The bank passing power control devices 14a and 14b are controlled as described above.

また、受電点８に受電点電力を計測するための受電点電力計１５、各バンク２、３に通過電力を計測するためのバンク通過電力計１６ａ、１６ｂ、分散型電源装置４ａ〜４ｄの入出力端に充放電時のＮＡＳ電力を計測するためのＮＡＳ電力計１７ａ〜１７ｄが備えられている。
バンク通過電力計１６ａ、１６ｂからは、各バンク２、３を通過する皮相電力が通過電力として出力される。
ＮＡＳ電力計１７ａ〜１７ｄからは、ＮＡＳ電力検出値、ＰＣＳ電流検出値、電源側電圧検出値が出力されている。ＮＡＳ電力検出値は、ＮＡＳ有効電力検出値とＮＡＳ無効電力検出値からなる。また、ＰＣＳ電流検出値は、３相のＲ相、Ｓ相、Ｔ相ＰＣＳ電流検出値からなる。また、電源側電圧検出値は、３相のＲ相、Ｓ相、Ｔ相電源側電圧検出値からなる。
そして、受電点電力は、商用系統７から構内系統１に流れる方向をプラスとし、通過電力は、バンク２、３を商用系統７から流れる方向をプラスとし、ＮＡＳ電力検出値は、放電時に流れる方向をプラスとする。 Further, a receiving point wattmeter 15 for measuring the receiving point power at the receiving point 8, bank passing wattmeters 16 a, 16 b for measuring passing power in the banks 2, 3, and distributed power supply devices 4 a to 4 d are input. NAS power meters 17a to 17d for measuring NAS power at the time of charging / discharging are provided at the output end.
From the bank passing power meters 16a and 16b, the apparent power passing through the banks 2 and 3 is output as passing power.
The NAS power meters 17a to 17d output a NAS power detection value, a PCS current detection value, and a power supply side voltage detection value. The NAS power detection value includes a NAS active power detection value and a NAS reactive power detection value. The PCS current detection value is composed of three-phase R-phase, S-phase, and T-phase PCS current detection values. The power supply side voltage detection value is composed of three phase R phase, S phase, and T phase power supply side voltage detection values.
And, the receiving point power is positive in the direction flowing from the commercial system 7 to the local system 1, the passing power is positive in the direction flowing from the commercial system 7 through the banks 2 and 3, and the NAS power detection value is the direction flowing in discharging. Is a plus.

受電点電力制御装置１３は、図２に示すように、すべてのＮＡＳ有効電力検出値Ｐ_ＮＡＳ１〜Ｐ_ＮＡＳ４を加算して全ＮＡＳ電力を求めるＮＡＳ電力加算器２１、全ＮＡＳ電力と受電点電力Ｐ_ｉｎを加算して負荷電力Ｐ_ＬＯＲＤを求める負荷電力演算部２２、負荷電力Ｐ_ＬＯＲＤに予め決められているマージン電力Ｐ_{ＭＡＲＧＩＮ}を加算し、契約電力を減算することにより充電電力枠を求める充電電力枠演算部２３、充電電力枠を全ＮＡＳ設備容量以内に入るように調整してすべての分散型電源装置４ａ〜４ｄの充電電力の上限値の総和を求める上限値調整器２４、充電電力の上限値の総和を各分散型電源装置４ａ〜４ｄのＮＡＳ用上限値に比例配分する上限値配分器２５から構成されている。全ＮＡＳ設備容量は、すべての分散型電源装置４ａ〜４ｄの設備容量の総和である。
上限値配分器２５においてＮＡＳ用上限値を比例配分するときの比例定数として、全ＮＡＳ設備容量に対する各分散型電源装置４ａ〜４ｄの設備容量の比率を用いている。なお、比例定数を求めるとき、稼動期間の長短を配慮して可変してもよい。 Receiving point power controller 13, as shown in FIG. 2, the sum of all the NAS active power detected value _P NAS 1 _{to P NAS 4} to obtain the full NAS power NAS power adder 21, the total NAS power and receiving point power P load power calculating unit 22 adds the _in determining the load power _{P LORD,} load power _P predetermined by adding a margin power _{P mARGIN} is the _LORD, charging power frame to determine the charging power frame by subtracting the contracted power The calculation unit 23, an upper limit adjuster 24 that adjusts the charging power frame so as to fall within the total NAS capacity, and obtains the sum of the upper limit values of the charging power of all the distributed power supply devices 4a to 4d, the upper limit value of the charging power Is distributed to the upper limit value for NAS of each of the distributed power supply devices 4a to 4d. The total NAS installed capacity is the total installed capacity of all the distributed power supply devices 4a to 4d.
As a proportionality constant when the upper limit value distributor 25 proportionally distributes the NAS upper limit value, the ratio of the installed capacity of each of the distributed power supply devices 4a to 4d to the total NAS installed capacity is used. When obtaining the proportionality constant, it may be varied in consideration of the length of the operation period.

バンク通過電力制御装置１４ａは、図３に示すように、バンク２の通過電力ＶＡ_{ＢＡＮＫ１}からバンク２の通過容量を減算してバンク２のバンク用補正値を求める補正値演算部２６、バンク２のバンク用補正値をバンク２のバンクＮＡＳ設備容量以内に入るように調整してバンク２のすべての分散型電源装置４ａ、４ｂの充電電力の補正値の総和を求める補正値調整器２７、バンク２のすべての分散型電源装置４ａ、４ｂの充電電力の補正値の総和を各分散型電源装置４ａ、４ｂのＮＡＳ用補正値ΔＰ_１、ΔＰ_２に比例配分する補正値配分器２８から構成されている。
なお、バンク２のバンクＮＡＳ設備容量は、バンク２に接続されている分散型電源装置４ａ、４ｂの設備容量の総和である。また、補正値配分器２８で行う比例配分では、比例定数として０．５を用いている。この値は、各分散型電源装置４ａ、４ｂの設備容量が等しいときの、バンクＮＡＳ設備容量に対する各分散型電源装置４ａ、４ｂの設備容量の比を用いている。 As shown in FIG. 3, the bank passing power control device 14a subtracts the passing capacity of the bank 2 from the passing power VA _BANK1 of the bank 2 to obtain a bank correction value for the bank 2, A correction value adjuster 27 and a bank 2 that adjust the bank correction value so as to fall within the bank NAS facility capacity of the bank 2 to obtain a sum of correction values of all the distributed power supply devices 4a and 4b in the bank 2 Is composed of a correction value distributor 28 that proportionally distributes the sum of the correction values of the charging power of all the distributed power supply devices 4a and 4b to the NAS correction values ΔP ₁ and ΔP ₂ of the respective distributed power supply devices 4a and 4b. Yes.
Note that the bank NAS installed capacity of the bank 2 is the total installed capacity of the distributed power supply devices 4 a and 4 b connected to the bank 2. In the proportional distribution performed by the correction value distributor 28, 0.5 is used as the proportional constant. This value uses the ratio of the installed capacity of each distributed power supply 4a, 4b to the bank NAS installed capacity when the installed capacity of each distributed power supply 4a, 4b is equal.

バンク通過電力制御装置１４ｂは、バンク通過電力制御装置１４ａのバンク２の替わりとしてバンク３に係わる処理が行われることが異なっており、処理は同様であるので、説明は省略する。 The bank passing power control device 14b is different in that processing related to the bank 3 is performed instead of the bank 2 of the bank passing power control device 14a.

ＰＣＳ制御装置１２ａ〜１２ｄは、同様であるのでＰＣＳ制御装置１２ａについて説明する。ＰＣＳ制御装置１２ａは、分散型電源装置４ａを制御する。
ＰＣＳ制御装置１２ａは、予め決められている電力計画値Ｐ_ＲＥＦ１がＮＡＳ用上限値Ｐ_ＵＰＬ１を超えているときＮＡＳ用上限値Ｐ_ＵＰＬ１を有効電力基準とし、電力計画値Ｐ_ＲＥＦ１がＮＡＳ用上限値Ｐ_ＵＰＬ１以下のときその電力計画値Ｐ_ＲＥＦ１をそのまま有効電力基準として選択する最大値選択部３０、有効電力基準にＮＡＳ用補正値ΔＰ_１を加算し、ＮＡＳ有効電力検出値Ｐ_ＮＡＳ１を減算して有効電力指令値を求める有効電力指令値演算部３１、有効電力指令値を比例積分制御して有効電流基準を求める有効電力調整器３２、有効電流基準に分散型電源装置４ａのｄ軸電流検出値Ｉ_ｄを減算して有効電流指令値を求める有効電流指令値演算部３３、有効電流指令値を比例積分演算制御して有効電圧基準を求める有効電流調整器３４、有効電圧基準に分散型電源装置４のｄ軸電圧検出値Ｖ_ｄを加算して有効電圧指令値Ｖ（ハット）_ｄを求める有効電圧指令値演算部３５を有している。 Since the PCS control devices 12a to 12d are the same, the PCS control device 12a will be described. The PCS control device 12a controls the distributed power supply device 4a.
PCS control unit 12a, the active power reference NAS for the upper limit value _{P UPL1} when power planned value _{P REF1} that is predetermined exceeds the upper limit value _{P UPL1} for NAS, power planned _{P REF1} upper limit value for the NAS P _UPL1 following when the maximum value selection unit 30 selects the power plan value _{P REF1} directly as active power reference, adds NAS correction value [Delta] P ₁ to active power reference, and subtracting the NAS active power detected value _{P NAS 1} An active power command value calculating unit 31 for obtaining an active power command value, an active power regulator 32 for obtaining an active current reference by performing proportional integral control on the active power command value, and a d-axis current detection value of the distributed power supply 4a based on the active current reference effective current active current command value calculation unit 33 subtracts the I _d seek active current command value, the active current command value proportional integral operation is controlled to determine the effective voltage reference Seiki 34, has an effective voltage command value calculating section 35 for determining the effective voltage reference to a distributed power supply 4 of the d-axis voltage detection value V _d by adding to the effective voltage command value V (hat) _d.

さらに、ＰＣＳ制御装置１２ａは、予め設定されている無効電力基準Ｑ_ＲＥＦ１にＮＡＳ無効電力検出値Ｑ_ＮＡＳ１を減算して無効電力指令値を求める無効電力指令値演算部３６、無効電力指令値を比例積分制御して無効電流基準を求める無効電力調整器３７、無効電流基準に分散型電源装置４のｑ軸電流検出値Ｉ_ｑを減算して無効電流指令値を求める無効電流指令値演算部３８、無効電流指令値を比例積分演算制御して無効電圧基準を求める無効電流調整器３９、無効電圧基準に分散型電源装置４のｑ軸電圧検出値Ｖ_ｑを加算して無効電圧指令値Ｖ（ハット）_ｑを求める無効電圧指令値演算部４０を有している。 Further, PCS control unit 12a, the reactive power command value calculating section 36 for obtaining a reactive power command value by subtracting the NAS reactive power detected value _{Q NAS 1} in the reactive power reference _{Q REF1} that is set in advance, the reactive power command value proportional A reactive power regulator 37 for obtaining a reactive current reference by integrating control, a reactive current command value calculation unit 38 for obtaining a reactive current command value by subtracting the q-axis current detection value I _q of the distributed power supply 4 from the reactive current reference, A reactive current regulator 39 that finds a reactive voltage reference by controlling a reactive current command value by proportional-integral calculation, and a reactive voltage reference value V (hat) by adding the q-axis voltage detection value V _q of the distributed power supply 4 to the reactive voltage reference The reactive voltage command value calculation unit 40 for obtaining _q is included.

さらに、ＰＣＳ制御装置１２ａは、有効電圧指令値Ｖ（ハット）_ｄと無効電圧指令値Ｖ（ハット）_ｑとを３相の電圧指令値Ｖ（ハット）_Ｒ、Ｖ（ハット）_Ｓ、Ｖ（ハット）_Ｔに変換するｄｑ／３相変換部４１、３相の電圧指令値Ｖ（ハット）_Ｒ、Ｖ（ハット）_Ｓ、Ｖ（ハット）_Ｔに基づき交直変換装置１０をＰＷＭ制御するゲートパルスを出力するＰＷＭ制御部４２、交直変換装置１０の交流側のＰＣＳ電流をｄ軸電流検出値Ｉ_ｄとｑ軸電流検出値Ｉ_ｑとに変換する３相／ｄｑ電流変換部４３、分散型電源装置４の電源側電圧をｄ軸電圧検出値Ｖ_ｄとｑ軸電圧検出値Ｖ_ｑとに変換する３相／ｄｑ電圧変換部４４を有している。 Further, the PCS control device 12a converts the effective voltage command value V (hat) _d and the reactive voltage command value V (hat) _q into three-phase voltage command values V (hat) _R , V (hat) _S , V (hat). ) Dq / 3-phase converter 41 that converts to _T , and outputs a gate pulse for PWM control of the AC / DC converter 10 based on the three-phase voltage command values V (hat) _R , V (hat) _S , V (hat) _T PWM control unit 42, three-phase / dq current conversion unit 43 that converts the PCS current on the AC side of the AC / DC converter 10 into the d-axis current detection value _Id and the q-axis current detection value _Iq, and the distributed power supply device 4 and a 3-phase / dq voltage converter 44 which converts the power supply side voltage to the d-axis voltage detection value V _d and q-axis voltage detection value V _q.

次に、具体的な値を設定して実施の形態に係わる負荷平準化装置１１の動作について説明する。
図５に示しように、契約電力を１７０００ｋＷ、第１のバンク２の通過容量を決める第１の変圧器５の設備容量を８０００ｋＶＡ、第２のバンク３の通過容量を決める第２の変圧器５の設備容量を１００００ｋＶＡ、分散型電源装置４ａ〜４ｄの設備容量をすべて同じく２０００ｋＷ、第１のバンク２に接続されている第１の負荷６の夜間の負荷電力を４０００ｋＷ、第２のバンク３に接続されている第２の負荷６の夜間の負荷電力を４０００ｋＷと設定する。
そして、夜間において分散型電源装置４ａ〜４ｄに電力計画値−２０００ｋＷで充電する場合を検討する。この場合、すべての分散型電源装置４ａ〜４ｄに充電されているＮＡＳ電力は−８０００ｋＷであり、計測される受電点電力は＋１６０００ｋＷとなり、それから演算して求められる負荷電力は＋８０００ｋＷとなる。そして、負荷電力＋８０００ｋＷにマージン電力＋１０００ｋＷを加算し、契約電力＋１７０００ｋＷを減算することにより充電電力枠−８０００ｋＷが求められる。今全ＮＡＳ設備容量は−８０００ｋＷであるので、上限値調整値はそのまま−８０００ｋＷとなる。比例定数として０．２５を採用すれば、４つの分散型電源装置４ａ〜４ｄのＮＡＳ用上限値は、−２０００ｋＷとなる。
また、第１のバンク２の通過電力は＋８０００ｋＶＡであり、第１の通過容量も＋８０００ｋＶＡであるので、補正値調整値は０となる。
その結果、電力計画値−２０００ｋＷがそのまま有効電力指令値になるので、分散型電源装置４ａ〜４ｂは−２０００ｋＷで充電される。 Next, the operation of the load leveling apparatus 11 according to the embodiment with specific values set will be described.
As shown in FIG. 5, the contract power is 17000 kW, the installation capacity of the first transformer 5 that determines the passing capacity of the first bank 2 is 8000 kVA, and the second transformer 5 that determines the passing capacity of the second bank 3. The installed capacity of 10000 kVA, the installed capacity of the distributed power supply devices 4 a to 4 d are all 2000 kW, the night load power of the first load 6 connected to the first bank 2 is 4000 kW, and the second bank 3 The night load power of the connected second load 6 is set to 4000 kW.
Then, consider the case where the distributed power supply devices 4a to 4d are charged with the planned power value of -2000 kW at night. In this case, the NAS power charged in all of the distributed power supply devices 4a to 4d is −8000 kW, the measured power receiving point power is +16000 kW, and the load power calculated from the power is +8000 kW. Then, the margin power +1000 kW is added to the load power +8000 kW, and the contract power +17000 kW is subtracted to obtain the charging power frame −8000 kW. Since the total NAS installed capacity is now -8000 kW, the upper limit adjustment value is -8000 kW as it is. If 0.25 is employed as the proportionality constant, the NAS upper limit value of the four distributed power supply devices 4a to 4d is −2000 kW.
Further, since the passing power of the first bank 2 is +8000 kVA and the first passing capacity is also +8000 kVA, the correction value adjustment value is 0.
As a result, the planned power value -2000 kW becomes the active power command value as it is, so that the distributed power supply devices 4a to 4b are charged at -2000 kW.

このように充電電力−２０００ｋＷで充電されているときに第１の負荷６の負荷電力が＋４０００ｋＷから＋６０００ｋＷに増加した場合を図６を参照して検討する。
このとき計測される受電点電力は負荷電力の増加分が反映されるので＋１８０００ｋＷとなり、負荷電力として＋１００００ｋＷが求められる。そして、負荷電力＋１００００ｋＷにマージン電力＋１０００ｋＷを加算し、契約電力＋１７０００ｋＷを減算することにより充電電力枠−６０００ｋＷが求める。今全ＮＡＳ設備容量は−８０００ｋＷであるので、上限値調整値はそのまま−６０００ｋＷとなる。比例定数０．２５を採用すれば、４つの分散型電源装置４ａ〜４ｄのＮＡＳ用上限値として、−１５００ｋＷが求まる。
また、第１のバンク２の通過電力は増加して＋１００００ｋＶＡとなるので、第１のバンク２の全バンクＮＡＳ充電補正量は＋２０００ｋＷとなり、比例定数として０．５を採用すれば、各補正値は＋１０００ｋＷとなる。
その結果、電力計画値が−２０００ｋＷであっても、最大値選択部３０で−１５００ｋＷが選択され、＋１０００ｋＷで補正されるので、−５００ｋＷで充電される。
このように分散型電源装置４ａ、４ｂの充電電力が絞られるので、第１のバンク２を通過する通過電力が７０００ｋＶＡに減少され、バンク２が過負荷にならない。 A case where the load power of the first load 6 is increased from +4000 kW to +6000 kW when charging is performed at the charging power of −2000 kW will be discussed with reference to FIG. 6.
The power receiving point power measured at this time is +18000 kW because the increase in load power is reflected, and +10000 kW is obtained as the load power. Then, the margin power +1000 kW is added to the load power +10000 kW, and the contract power +17000 kW is subtracted to obtain the charging power frame −6000 kW. Since the total NAS installed capacity is now -8000 kW, the upper limit adjustment value is -6000 kW as it is. If the proportionality constant 0.25 is employed, −1500 kW is obtained as the NAS upper limit value of the four distributed power supply devices 4a to 4d.
Further, since the passing power of the first bank 2 increases to +10000 kVA, the total bank NAS charge correction amount of the first bank 2 becomes +2000 kW, and if the proportionality constant is 0.5, each correction value is +1000 kW.
As a result, even if the power plan value is −2000 kW, −1500 kW is selected by the maximum value selection unit 30 and is corrected by +1000 kW, so that charging is performed at −500 kW.
Since the charging power of the distributed power supply devices 4a and 4b is thus reduced, the passing power passing through the first bank 2 is reduced to 7000 kVA, and the bank 2 is not overloaded.

このような負荷平準化装置１１は、バンクの通過電力が通過容量を超えないように当該バンクに接続されている分散型電源装置の充電電力が減少されるので、バンクが過負荷になることが防げる。
また、充電電力枠を比例配分することにより上限値が求まるので、受電点電力が契約電力を超える時間が比例積分制御により充電電力を制御する場合に比べて短くて済む。そのため、マージン電力を大きくしなくても３０分デマンド時限の受電点電力が契約電力を超えることを防ぐことができる。
また、上限値を求めるときマージン電力を考慮に入れているので、負荷電力が大きく変動しても契約電力を超えることを防ぐことができる。 In such a load leveling device 11, the charging power of the distributed power supply device connected to the bank is reduced so that the passing power of the bank does not exceed the passing capacity, so that the bank may be overloaded. I can prevent it.
Further, since the upper limit value is obtained by proportionally allocating the charging power frame, the time during which the power reception point power exceeds the contract power can be shorter than when charging power is controlled by proportional integral control. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the power receiving point power for the 30-minute time limit from exceeding the contract power without increasing the margin power.
In addition, since the margin power is taken into account when obtaining the upper limit value, it is possible to prevent the contract power from being exceeded even if the load power fluctuates greatly.

この発明の実施の形態に係わる負荷平準化装置が具備されている構内系統図である。1 is a system diagram of a premises where a load leveling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided. 実施の形態に係わる受電点電力制御装置の機能ブロック図である。It is a functional block diagram of the receiving point power control apparatus concerning an embodiment. 実施の形態に係わるバンク通過電力制御装置の機能ブロック図である。It is a functional block diagram of the bank passage power control device concerning an embodiment. 実施の形態に係わるＰＣＳ制御装置の機能ブロック図である。It is a functional block diagram of the PCS control device concerning an embodiment. 構内系統内の電力の様子を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the mode of the electric power in a campus system. 構内系統において負荷電力が増加したときの様子を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating a mode when load electric power increases in a local system.

Explanation of symbols

１構内系統、２、３バンク、４ａ〜４ｄ分散型電源装置、５変圧器、６負荷、７商用系統、８受電点、９ナトリウム−硫黄電池、１０交直変換装置、１１負荷平準化装置、１２ａ〜１２ｄＰＣＳ制御装置、１３受電点電力制御装置、１４ａ、１４ｂバンク通過電力制御装置、１５受電点電力計、１６ａ、１６ｂバンク通過電力計、１７ａ〜１７ｄＮＡＳ電力計、２１ＮＡＳ電力加算器、２２負荷電力演算部、２３充電電力枠演算部、２４上限値調整器、２５上限値配分器、２６補正値演算部、２７補正値調整器、２８補正値配分器、３０最大値選択部、３１有効電力指令値演算部、３２有効電力調整器、３３有効電流指令値演算部、３４有効電流調整器、３５有効電圧指令値演算部、３６無効電力指令値演算部、３７無効電力調整器、３８無効電流指令値演算部、３９無効電流調整器、４０無効電圧指令値演算部、４１ｄｑ／３相変換部、４２ＰＷＭ制御部、４３３相／ｄｑ電流変換部、４４３相／ｄｑ電圧変換部。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Premise system, 2, 3 banks, 4a-4d Distributed type power supply device, 5 Transformer, 6 load, 7 Commercial system, 8 Power receiving point, 9 Sodium-sulfur battery, 10 AC / DC converter, 11 Load leveling device, 12a ˜12d PCS control device, 13 receiving point power control device, 14a, 14b bank passing power control device, 15 receiving point watt meter, 16a, 16b bank passing watt meter, 17a-17d NAS watt meter, 21 NAS power adder, 22 Load power calculation unit, 23 Charging power frame calculation unit, 24 Upper limit value adjuster, 25 Upper limit value distributor, 26 Correction value calculation unit, 27 Correction value adjuster, 28 Correction value distributor, 30 Maximum value selection unit, 31 Valid Power command value calculator, 32 active power regulator, 33 active current command value calculator, 34 active current regulator, 35 active voltage command value calculator, 36 reactive power Command value calculation unit, 37 reactive power regulator, 38 reactive current command value calculation unit, 39 reactive current regulator, 40 reactive voltage command value calculation unit, 41 dq / 3 phase conversion unit, 42 PWM control unit, 43 3 phase / dq current converter, 44 3-phase / dq voltage converter.

Claims

In a load leveling device that is connected to a commercial system at a power receiving point and leveles a load of a premises system having a plurality of banks, and includes a plurality of distributed power supply devices for each bank.
When charging the distributed power supply device, a power receiving point power control device for obtaining an upper limit value of the charging power of the distributed power supply device so that a power receiving point power amount for each demand time period at the power receiving point is equal to or less than contract power;
A bank passing power control device for obtaining a correction value of the charging power of the distributed power supply so that the passing power is equal to or less than the passing capacity in the bank;
A PCS control device that controls the distributed power supply device based on an active power standard that is obtained by correcting a predetermined power plan value to be equal to or less than the upper limit value by the correction value;
A load leveling device comprising:

The bank passing power control device obtains a bank correction value for the bank by subtracting the passing capacity of the bank from the passing power passing through the bank to be controlled, and the bank correction value is connected to the bank. The bank correction value is a sum of correction power correction values of all the distributed power supply units connected to the bank when the total installed capacity of all the distributed power supply apparatuses is equal to or less than the total capacity of the distributed power supply apparatus. When the value exceeds the total installed capacity of all the distributed power supply units connected to the bank, the total installed capacity of all the distributed power supply units connected to the bank is connected to the bank. The sum of the correction values of the charging power of all the distributed power devices that are connected is connected to the bank and the sum of the upper limit values of the charging power of all the distributed power devices connected to the bank is connected to the bank. Each of the distributed power supply load leveling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the proportional distribution on the correction value of charging power to have.

The power receiving point power control device obtains the load power by subtracting the power receiving point power from the sum of the charging powers of all the distributed power supply devices, subtracts the contract power from the load power to obtain the charging power frame, When the charging power frame is equal to or less than the total of the installed capacity of all the distributed power supply units, the charging power frame is set to the total sum of the charging power of all the distributed power supply units, and the charging power frame is When the sum of the installed capacity of the distributed power devices exceeds the total installed capacity of all the distributed power devices, the sum of the upper limit values of the charging power of all the distributed power devices, The load leveling device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sum of the upper limit values of the charging power of the power supply devices is proportionally distributed to the upper limit values of the charging power of the respective distributed power supply devices.

4. The distributed power source includes any one of a sodium-sulfur battery, a redox flow battery, a superconducting coil power storage device, and a flywheel power storage device. Load leveling device.