JP2006251244A - Thrumming stringed instrument and pickup therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To detect oscillations of strings of a thrumming stringed instrument efficiently and accurately. <P>SOLUTION: When a performance is carried out, the strings S, S, ... oscillate and the tension changes according to the oscillations, and the change is transmitted to a bridge SD and a pressure plate 30, and becomes a change in pressure to a supporting plate 31. As a result of this, the pressure plate 30 moves up and down together with the bridge SD, and a deflection amount of the supporting plate 31 changes. The change in the deflection amount of the supporting plate 31 is detected by a sensor 32 and outputted as a detection signal. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a plucked string instrument and a pickup for a plucked string instrument that can detect vibration of the string more accurately and accurately.

  In a plucked string instrument such as an acoustic guitar, various pickups that detect string vibration and convert it into an electric signal have been developed. With this type of pickup, it is desirable that the sound emitted by the strings can be detected as faithfully as possible with high sensitivity.

In Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, a piezoelectric transducer made of a polymer piezoelectric material or a piezo film is attached to the lower part of a bridge, and the vibration of the string transmitted through the bridge is detected by the piezoelectric transducer. .
US Pat. No. 5,123,325 JP 7-152378 A

  However, since the devices described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 use the fact that the piezoelectric transducer generates power by vibration transmitted through a member called a bridge, the power generation amount is small and a large detection signal is used. There was a problem that could not be taken out. This is because even if the vibration of the bridge is transmitted to the piezoelectric transducer fixed to the lower part of the bridge, the deformation that the vibration gives to the piezoelectric transducer is small. For this reason, there was a problem that howling would occur if the output was small and it was forcibly amplified on the amplifier side.

  In addition, the vibration component of the string is attenuated in the process of being transmitted through the bridge, but the attenuation amount is not uniform in the frequency band, and has a characteristic that the attenuation in the mid-low range is large. As a result, there is a problem that the reproduction of middle and low sounds, which is a characteristic of an acoustic musical instrument, is poor, the sound is not crisp, and the sound is crisp.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and provides a plucked string instrument and a plucked string instrument pickup that can provide a large output and can provide a crisp feel without attenuating the mid-low range. The purpose is that.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, in the present invention, a lower piece provided on a front plate of a body portion of a plucked string instrument, a string provided on the lower piece to support a string, and the front plate according to vibration of the string A lower piece pillow that swings in a direction perpendicular to the lower piece pillow, a support plate to which movement of the lower piece pillow is transmitted and bent according to pressure received from the movement, and a fixing member that fixes the support plate to the body part And a sensor attached to the support plate for outputting a signal corresponding to the deflection of the support plate.

  Further, as another aspect, a lower piece provided on the front plate of the body part of the plucked string instrument, a string provided on the lower piece to support the string, and in a direction perpendicular to the front plate in accordance with the vibration of the string A swingable lower piece pillow, a pressure plate that passes through the front plate from the inside of the trunk, supports the lower end of the lower piece pillow through the inside of the lower piece, and moves according to the movement of the lower piece pillow A support plate that supports the pressure plate and bends according to the pressure received from the pressure plate, a fixing member that fixes the support plate to the body portion, and is attached to the support plate according to the deflection of the support plate And a sensor for outputting a signal.

  Further, in a pickup of a plucked string instrument having a lower piece provided on a front plate and a lower piece pillow provided on the lower piece and supporting a string, the lower piece pillow is perpendicular to the front plate in accordance with vibration of the string. A support structure that supports the rocker so as to swing in a direction, a support plate to which the movement of the lower piece pillow is transmitted and bends according to the pressure received from the movement, and a fixing member that fixes the support plate to the body part And a sensor that is attached to the support plate and outputs a signal corresponding to the deflection of the support plate.

  As the string vibrates, the lower piece pillow swings in a direction perpendicular to the front plate, and the movement changes the deflection of the support plate, and this change is detected by the sensor. That is, the vertical movement of the lower piece pillow can be detected as a change in the deflection of the support plate, and the power generation efficiency of the sensor is large and the sensor output is also large. In addition, there is little attenuation in all sound ranges, and string vibration can be picked up faithfully.

(Configuration of the embodiment)
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is an external view showing the external appearance of the present embodiment. This embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to a guitar.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a guitar body, and 2 is a front plate of the body. Reference numeral 3 denotes a neck attached to the body 1, and a head 4 is provided at the tip of the neck. The head 4 is provided with bobbins 5, 5,. The front plate 2 is provided with a sound hole 10 and a lower piece 11. The strings S, S... Are stretched by being wound around the spools 5, 5. Here, a nut 6 that supports the string S is provided at the boundary between the neck 3 and the head 4, and a lower piece pillow SD that supports the string S is provided in the lower piece 11. The string S is supported by the nut 6 and the lower piece pillow SD.

  FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view in the vicinity of the lower piece 11 (a cross-sectional view cut in the direction in which the string S is stretched), and a reinforcing plate 15 is provided on the back side of the front plate 2 as shown. The string S passes through a string passage hole penetrating the front plate 2 and the reinforcing plate 15, and the metal fitting SM at the tip portion is fixed by an anchor pin 20 pushed into the string passage hole.

  2B is a pressure plate that penetrates the reinforcing plate 15 and the front plate 2 from the inside of the trunk portion 1 and passes through the inside of the lower piece 11 to reach the lower end of the lower piece pillow SD. The pressure plate 30 can move in the vertical direction of the drawing, but is fixed in a state where no external force is applied due to frictional forces between the reinforcing plate 15, the front plate 2, and the lower piece 11. The pressure plate 30 has the same thickness as the lower piece pillow SD, and is provided directly below the lower piece pillow SD without being displaced in the thickness direction. Here, FIG. 2 (a) is an AA arrow view of FIG. 2 (b). As shown in FIG. 2, the pressure plate 30 has a substantially rectangular upper part and a lower part. It has a wider shape than the upper part.

  The lower end of the pressure plate 30 is supported by a support plate 31. Here, FIG. 3 is a front view of the vicinity of the lower piece 11, and as shown in this figure, the support plate 31 is formed in a rectangular shape, and as shown in FIG. The plate 30 is supported. The positional relationship when viewed from the front of the pressure plate 30 and the support plate 31 is a perpendicular relationship as shown in FIG. Both longitudinal ends of the support plate 31 are supported by a frame 33 having a U-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. As a result, the support plate 31 has a double-supported beam structure, and is curved in a direction that protrudes downward in the drawing when it receives a pressing force from the pressure plate 30. A sensor 32 is attached to the lower surface of the support plate 31. The sensor 32 is a bending sensor, generates electric power according to a change in the degree of curvature of the support plate 31, and outputs the electromotive force as an output signal. In the case of this embodiment, the sensor 32 is formed in a rectangular shape, and is attached along the lower surface of the support plate 31 so that the longitudinal direction thereof coincides with the longitudinal direction of the support plate 31.

  In this embodiment, the sensor 32 is formed by a bimorph piezoelectric element. The bimorph piezoelectric element is formed by stacking two monomorph piezoelectric elements in the thickness direction, and is bonded so that the polarization directions of the monomorph piezoelectric elements are opposite or opposite to each other.

  The support plate 31 is attached to the frame 33. The frame 33 is formed in an elongated shape along the lower piece pillow SD as shown in FIG. 3 except for the portion supporting the support plate 31. Both end portions in the longitudinal direction are fastened by screws 35 extending from the lower piece 11 to the inside of the body portion 1, and are thereby fixed inside the body portion 1.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the support plate 31 and the sensor 32 described above are provided at a predetermined interval along the longitudinal direction of the lower piece pillow SD. In this embodiment, it is provided at a position corresponding to between 1st string and 2nd string, between 3rd string and 4th string, and between 5th string and 6th string.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment having the above configuration will be described. In a state where the strings S, S... Are stretched, the lower piece pillow SD is pressed toward the inside of the trunk 1 by the tension of the strings. This pressing force is transmitted to the support plate 31 via the pressure plate 30 and bends the support plate 31. Here, in the state where the strings S, S... Are tuned, the tension of the strings S, S... Acts in the direction of pulling the front plate 2 from the vicinity of the lower piece 11 and peeling the front plate 2. A steady state is maintained in balance with the elastic force of the plate 2. Therefore, the amount of bending of the support plate 31 is also settled.

  When the performance is performed, the strings S, S... Vibrate, the tension changes in response to the vibration, and the above-described balance is lost, and the change is a change in the pressure that presses the lower piece pillow SD against the inside of the body 1. It becomes. This pressure change is transmitted to the pressure plate 30 and becomes a pressure change to the support plate 31. As a result, the vibration of the string S causes the pressure plate 30 to move up and down together with the lower piece pillow SD (swing in a direction perpendicular to the front plate 2), and the amount of deflection of the support plate 31 changes. A change in the amount of deflection of the support plate 31 is detected by the sensor 32 and output as a detection signal.

  At this time, since the support plate 31 receives a force in the central portion in the longitudinal direction, the bending deformation accompanying the vibration of the string S is large, and the power generation efficiency of the sensor 32 is large. Therefore, subtle string vibration is also detected faithfully. Moreover, the string vibration during the performance of the stringed instrument is transmitted from the lower piece pillow SD to the lower piece 11 and the front plate 2, and the dense wave vibration caused by the vibration in the thickness direction of the front plate 2 and the string itself excites air. In the present embodiment, both can be efficiently detected. And since it is the structure of detecting directly the pressure change accompanying the up-and-down movement of the lower piece pillow SD, it has the characteristic that there is little attenuation in all the sound ranges. As a result, it is possible to detect the mid-bass characteristic of an acoustic musical instrument with high sensitivity.

  Furthermore, the vibration of the string itself contains a lot of high-frequency components, which are called “string sound” or “string vibration”, and give a fresh tone to the performance, but this high-frequency component decays quickly. . In the present embodiment, since the vertical movement of the lower piece pillow SD can be directly detected immediately below the lower piece pillow SD, the vibration of the string itself can also be detected faithfully.

  Further, not only the vibration of the string S but also the force applied to the string S when the performer plays the string S is transmitted to the lower piece pillow SD, and the pressure change caused by this can be detected by the sensor 32. A habit can be detected and reproduced.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, since the support plate 31 and the sensor 32 are separate components, the material of the support plate 31, a dimension, a shape, etc. can be determined freely. Since the change in characteristics due to the material, size, shape, etc. of the support plate 31 changes the characteristics of the signal output from the sensor 32, the timbre obtained from the detection signal can be changed. That is, the timbre can be freely set according to the material, size, shape, etc. of the support plate.

Further, since the support plate 31 is a double-supported beam, deformation of the support plate 31 due to static pressure when not performing (static pressure during tuning) can be reduced.
Furthermore, by adjusting the dimensions of the pressure plate 30, the position of the tip of the lower piece pillow SD (the height viewed from the surface of the front plate 2) can be changed. At this time, there is no need to change the size of the lower piece pillow SD itself. In general, when the lower piece pillow SD is processed, there is a demand to avoid it because it affects the timbre. However, adjustment of the lower piece pillow SD in the height direction may be required when adjusting the string height. In the present embodiment, it is possible to cope with the dimensional adjustment of the pressure plate 30. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the string height while suppressing the influence on the timbre as much as possible.

(Other embodiments)
The present invention can be implemented in various modes. An example is shown below.
(1) Although the pressure plate 30 is provided in the above-described embodiment, the pressure plate 30 can be omitted by forming the lower part of the lower piece pillow SD so as to reach the support plate 31.

(2) The support plate 31 only needs to be deformed in response to a pressure change associated with the movement of the lower piece pillow SD in the vertical direction. . For example, it may be a cantilever or a shape as shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 4, reference numeral 50 denotes a support member having an arch-shaped cutout on the left side of the drawing, and the lower end is fixed to the frame 33. The upper end of the support member 50 is in contact with the pressure plate 30 and receives pressure from the pressure plate 30. A sensor 32 is bonded to the support member 50 on the right surface. In such a structure, the upper part of the support member 50 functions as a cantilever. Therefore, when the pressure plate 30 moves up and down together with the lower piece pillow SD (not shown), the upper portion of the support member 50 is bent, and this bending deformation is detected by the sensor 32.

(3) The number of support plates and sensors in the above-described embodiment is not limited to three, and an appropriate number may be provided. Further, the installation position is not limited to the middle position between the strings and may be just below the strings. Further, even when a plurality of support plates and sensors are provided, the installation intervals need not be equal.

(4) If the shape of the structure shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 is reduced and provided on the upper surface of the front plate 2 inside the lower piece 11, no through hole is provided in the front plate 2 or the reinforcing plate 15. May be.

It is an external view which shows the external appearance of this embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the lower piece 11 vicinity in the same embodiment. It is a top view which shows the lower piece 11 vicinity in the same embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of other embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Torso part, 2 ... Front plate, 11 ... Lower piece, 30 ... Pressure plate, 31 ... Support plate, 32 ... Sensor, SD ... Lower piece pillow, S, S ... String

Claims (3)

A lower piece provided on the front plate of the body of the plucked string instrument,
A lower piece pillow that is provided on the lower piece and supports a string, and swings in a direction perpendicular to the front plate according to the vibration of the string;
The movement of the lower piece pillow is transmitted, and a support plate that bends according to the pressure received from the movement,
A fixing member for fixing the support plate to the body part;
A plucked instrument comprising: a sensor attached to the support plate and outputting a signal corresponding to the deflection of the support plate. A lower piece provided on the front plate of the body of the plucked string instrument,
A lower piece pillow that is provided on the lower piece and supports a string, and can swing in a direction perpendicular to the front plate in accordance with the vibration of the string,
A pressure plate that penetrates through the front plate from the inside of the body, supports the lower end of the lower piece pillow through the inside of the lower piece, and moves according to the movement of the lower piece pillow;
A support plate that supports the pressure plate and bends according to the pressure received from the pressure plate;
A fixing member for fixing the support plate to the body part;
A plucked instrument comprising: a sensor attached to the support plate and outputting a signal corresponding to the deflection of the support plate. In picking up a plucked string instrument having a lower piece provided on the front plate and a lower piece pillow provided on the lower piece to support the strings,
A support structure for supporting the lower piece pillow so as to swing in a direction perpendicular to the front plate in accordance with vibration of a string;
The movement of the lower piece pillow is transmitted, and a support plate that bends according to the pressure received from the movement,
A fixing member for fixing the support plate to the body part;
A pickup for a plucked string instrument, comprising: a sensor attached to the support plate and outputting a signal corresponding to the deflection of the support plate.

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