JP2006238756A - Crop washing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crop washing apparatus for removing mud by sprinkling water over a carrot and a Japanese radish, capable of efficiently removing the mud by a small amount of the water. <P>SOLUTION: This crop washing apparatus has a water sprinkling device (32) on which water sprinkling pipes (33) are positioned in parallel to transfer means (15) so that many of water sprinkling openings (33a) (33b) are formed at prescribed intervals on each of the water sprinkling pipes (33), wherein an interval between water sprinkling openings (33a) for sprinkling the water over a transfer starting area (V) of the transfer means (15) may be made to be shorter than an intervals between water sprinkling openings (33b) for sprinkling water over the other areas. Further, a size of each of the water sprinkling openings (33a) for sprinkling the water over the transfer starting area (V) may be made to be larger than a size of each of the water sprinkling openings (33b) for sprinkling the water over the other areas. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a cleaning apparatus for cleaning harvested carrots, radishes and the like.

Patent Document 1 discloses a technique related to a crop cleaning apparatus in which a plurality of long cleaning rolls are provided in the horizontal direction, and the crop is sprinkled and removed from the mud adhering to the crop while being transferred by the cleaning roll.
JP-A-6-70732

  In the crop cleaning device, increasing the amount of water spray can remove more mud adhering to the crop. However, simply sprinkling a lot of water increases the waste of water. Then, this invention makes it a subject to remove mud efficiently by the quantity of small water by devising the watering method.

The present invention uses the following technical means in order to solve the above problems.
That is, in invention of Claim 1, the transfer means (15) which transfers a crop in a frame (C1) is provided, and the sprinkler which sprinkles toward the said transfer means (15) in the upper part of a frame (C1). (32), and the watering device (32) is configured to spray water from a plurality of locations from the transfer start end to the transfer end of the transfer means (15), and to spray a large amount of water from the transfer start end. The crop cleaning device is characterized by the above.

  In the invention of claim 2, the watering device (32) is provided with watering pipes 33 in parallel with the transfer means for forming a large number of watering ports (33a) (33b) at a predetermined pitch, The pitch of the water spray port (33a) for spraying water to the transfer start end (V) of the transport means (15) is made narrower than the pitch of the water spray port (33b) for water spraying to other portions. A crop cleaning device.

  In invention of Claim 3, the magnitude | size of the water spout (33a) which sprinkles the transfer start end part (V) of the said transfer means (15) was made larger than the water spout (33b) sprinkled on another part. A crop cleaning apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein

  In the invention according to claim 1, mud adhering to the crop can be removed as much as possible by spraying a lot of the crop at the transfer start end portion to which a lot of mud adheres, and the mud passing through the transfer start end portion can be removed. For the crop from which most of the water has been removed, the mud adhering to the crop can be efficiently removed by spraying water less than the transfer start end, and the amount of water used can be suppressed.

  In the invention according to claim 2, the transfer start end where a large amount of mud is adhered by making the pitch of the sprinkling port sprayed to the transfer start end portion of the transfer means narrower than the pitch of the sprinkling port sprayed to other portions. A large amount of water can be sprayed on some crops to remove as much mud as possible. Moreover, the quantity of the water to be used can be suppressed by sprinkling water less than the transfer start end part with respect to the crop which passed the transfer start end part and removed most of mud.

  In invention of Claim 3, the crop of the transfer start end part to which many mud adheres because the magnitude | size of the sprinkle sprinkling water to the transfer start end part of the said transfer means was made larger than the sprinkle sprinkling water to another part On the other hand, it is possible to remove as much mud as possible by sprinkling water. Moreover, the quantity of the water to be used can be suppressed by sprinkling water less than the transfer start end part with respect to the crop which passed the transfer start end part and removed most of mud.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described based on a crop cleaning and sorting apparatus that sorts harvested crops by the weight of the crop after washing with a cleaning apparatus.
First, based on the top view of FIG. 1, the structure of the whole crop washing | cleaning selection apparatus of this invention is demonstrated.

  A is a storage tank for the harvested crops, B is a transport conveyor for transporting the crops that are put into the storage tank A, C is a cleaning device for cleaning the crops transported by the transport conveyor B, and D is a cleaning device C. A storage tank for temporarily storing the washed crops, E is a second transport conveyor for transporting the crops in the storage tank, F is an alignment transport device for aligning and transporting the crops transported by the second transport conveyor E, and G is This is a crop sorting device for sorting crops transported by an alignment transport device by weight.

  Next, the storage tank A and the transfer conveyor B will be described. The start end side described here refers to the transfer start end side of the transfer conveyor B, the end side refers to the transfer end side of the transfer conveyor B, and the left and right in the transfer direction are referred to as side portions.

  In the storage tank A, an inclined portion 3 is formed on the terminal end side, an inclined portion 4 is formed on each side portion, and a hopper portion 1 is formed inside the inclined portions 3 and 4. An insertion portion 2 for inserting the transfer conveyor B is formed below the hopper portion 1, and a mud pool having a width N wider than the width M of the insertion portion 2 is formed below the insertion portion 2, that is, at the bottom of the storage tank A. Part 5 is formed. Therefore, it is set as the structure which can accumulate much mud in the mud pool part 5. FIG.

  A drain hole 6 is formed in the lower part of the mud pool portion 5, and a hose 7 is attached to the drain hole 6. In addition, a mud drain passage 8 is provided in the lower part of the mud reservoir 5, and the mud drain passage 8 is configured to be opened and closed by an opening / closing plate 9.

  In the storage tank A, there is provided a transport conveyor B that lifts and transports the crops stored in the storage tank A in an obliquely upward direction from the start side toward the end side. The conveyor B is a conveyor 10, a support frame 12 that supports the conveyor 10 from the side, a driving motor 13 that drives the conveyor 10 at the terminal end of the conveyor 10, and crops discharged from the conveyor 10. And a guide chute 14 for guiding the cleaning device C. The guide chute 14 is formed of an elastic body and is disposed above the cleaning start end side of the adjacent cleaning device C.

  The conveyor 10 is formed so that the conveyance start end side is substantially flat, obliquely upward from the middle of conveyance to the conveyance end side, and is arranged in parallel with the inclined portion 3. The drive motor 13 is mounted on a motor mounting table 51 attached to the support frame 12.

  A rotation inclined plate 16 that rotates about a shaft 25 and a support leg 17 that supports the conveyor B from below are attached to the conveyance start end side of the support frame 12, and a suspension hook 18 is attached to the rotation inclination plate 16. It is attached. The support leg 17 absorbs the vibration of the conveyor 10 by constituting the lower end portion thereof with cushion rubber. The suspension hook 18 is configured to protrude from the rotating inclined plate 16 when being lifted. Reference numeral 19 denotes a lifting tool that the operator hooks on the hanging hook 18 and lifts it. Reference numeral 20 denotes a motor cover, and 22 denotes a mounting rod for mounting the container when a crop in a container (not shown) harvested in the storage tank A is put.

  Reference numeral 21 denotes a rotation fulcrum for rotating the transfer conveyor B, and the transfer start end side of the transfer conveyor B can be rotated in the vertical direction. The rotation method will be described in detail. The operator rotates the rotation inclined plate 16 and hangs the lifting tool 19 and the like 18 on the hook and lifts it up. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, it is set as the structure which the conveyance start end side of the conveyance conveyor B lifts with the rotation fulcrum 21 as a fulcrum.

Next, the cleaning apparatus C will be described.
The cleaning device C is provided with a plurality of cleaning rollers 15 for removing mud adhering to the crops while transferring the crops in parallel in the frame C1, and the lower portion of the cleaning rollers 15 is formed in an open state. The cleaning rolls 15 are arranged in a substantially U-shape to form one cleaning row K1, and in this embodiment, two cleaning rows K1 and K2 are formed. A drive sprocket 25a is provided on each cleaning start end side of the cleaning roll 15, and the cleaning rolls K1 and K2 are wound around one chain 26, and the chain is tensioned by a tension 27. The power of the cleaning roll drive motor 29 is transmitted to the cleaning rows K1, K2 by the chain 28. Reference numeral 30 denotes a motor mounting table on which one drive motor 29 is mounted. Reference numeral 50 denotes a counter sprocket for rotating the two cleaning rows K1 and K2 by the single drive motor 29.

  On the upper part of the side plate 31 of the cleaning device C, a watering device 32 for spraying cleaning water is formed. The watering device 32 includes a watering pipe 33 that forms a large number of watering ports 33a, and is configured to spray water from a separately provided water source (not shown) toward the cleaning device C from the watering ports 33a and 33b. In the present embodiment, the sprinkling pipe 33 connected to a water source (not shown) branches on the cleaning end side, and is fixed to the left and right side plates 31 of the cleaning device C by the fixture 35. The water spray port 33a at the cleaning start end (range V) is formed to have a narrower pitch than the other water spray ports 33b, so that a relatively large amount of water can be concentrated and sprayed (see FIG. 13 (A)). . Moreover, you may make the area of the sprinkler 33a larger than the other sprinkler 33b (refer FIG. 13 (B)). Thereby, it is possible to concentrate water on the washing start end side with much mud adhering to the crop while suppressing the whole watering amount as much as possible. Further, the sprinkling pipe 33 can be prevented from hitting the conveyor B or the storage tank A and being damaged by passing through the washing end side.

By the way, although not shown in the drawing, not only the cleaning start end (V) but also the pitch of the sprinkling ports 33b on the cleaning end side is narrowed or the area of the sprinkling ports 33b is increased so that a large amount of water is sprayed on the cleaning end side. The finish may be good.
34 is a plate which covers the water sprinkling pipe 33, and forms the notch 34a corresponding to the water sprinkling port 33a. This plate is for preventing the mud removed by the cleaning device C from adhering to the water spout 33a and clogging and preventing the water sprinkling pipe 33 from being directly impacted.

One end of the plate 34 is attached to the side plate 31 side of the cleaning device C, and the other end is in contact with the cleaning roll 15 so that it can be detached.
A rotating plate 37 that rotates around the fulcrum shaft 26 is formed on the cleaning terminal side of the cleaning device C for each of the cleaning rows K1 and K2, and a weight mounting shaft 38 and a weight 39 are attached to the rotating plate 37, respectively. Yes. Reference numeral 40 denotes a lock device that locks and unlocks the opening and closing plate 37.

  By the way, the cleaning roll drive motor 29 is configured to protrude outward from the cleaning start end side. When the terminal side of the storage tank A and the cleaning start end side of the cleaning device C are provided adjacent to each other as in this embodiment, it is formed between the inclined portion 3 of the storage tank A and the cleaning start end side of the cleaning device C. The cleaning roll drive motor 29 is arranged using the space T. Therefore, it is possible to make it difficult for the cleaning water flowing from between the adjacent cleaning rolls 15 and the removed mud to be applied to the motor cleaning roll drive motor 29. Further, when the cleaning roll drive motor 29 is disposed below the cleaning roll 15, there is a problem that the removed mud is accumulated between the cleaning roll drive motor 29 and the cleaning roll 15. By doing so, the lower part of the cleaning roll 15 is opened, so that mud does not accumulate.

  The space T is formed in a substantially triangular shape in a side view so as to extend downward, and can be entered when an operator performs maintenance on the drive sprocket 25a, the chains 26, 28, and the like. Reference numeral 48 denotes a protrusion for fixing the cleaning device with a rope when the cleaning device C is transported by a truck or the like.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration for detaching the cleaning roll 15.
The cleaning roller 15 has a cleaning start end side formed on a square shaft 15b, and the drive shaft 15a that winds the chain 26 and the bearing portion 41 are fitted with the square shaft 15b so that they can be inserted and removed. The cleaning roller 15 has a round end 15c fitted to the bearing metal 42 so as to be detachable by removing a key (not shown) or the like, and the bearing metal 42 is bolted to the plate 43 on the conveyance end side of the cleaning device C with a bolt 44. It is attached with. The plate 43 is formed with a detaching hole 44 larger than the diameter of the cleaning roll 15.

  When replacing the cleaning roll 15, the bolts 44 are removed and the bearing metal 42 is removed from the plate 43. Then, the bearing metal 42 is detached from the round shaft 15 c of the cleaning roll 15. Then, the cleaning roll 15 can be pulled out from the removal hole 44. On the contrary, when the cleaning roll 15 is attached, it is inserted into the detaching hole 44 from the angular shaft 15b of the cleaning roll 15, the angular shaft 15c is inserted into the bearing portion 41, and the round shaft 15c and a key (not shown) are supported as bearings. Insert the metal 42 and bolt the bearing metal 42 to the plate.

  In this way, the detaching operation of the cleaning roll 15 can be performed by a simple operation without removing the transmission mechanism 45 side. Although not shown, the side plate 31 of the cleaning device C may be configured to be detachable so that the cleaning roll can be easily attached and detached.

The operation of the crop washing and sorting apparatus will be described.
In the storage tank A filled with water, the worker puts harvested crops such as carrots. The crops thrown into the storage tank A are collected on the transfer start end side of the transfer conveyor B at the left and right central part of the storage tank A by the inclined portion 4 and the rotating inclined plate 2 and are transferred by the transfer conveyor B. The crop discharged from the transfer conveyor B on the transfer end side passes through the guide chute 14 and is dropped and supplied to the cleaning start end side of each cleaning row K1, K2 of the cleaning device C.

  After the conveyor 10 that lifts and conveys the crop discharges the crop, the mud that has fallen from the conveyor 10 when moving while facing the inclined portion 3 is accumulated in the mud pool portion 5 through the inclined portion 3.

  The crop dropped and supplied to the cleaning device C is transferred toward the cleaning end side while removing mud adhering to the crop surface by the brush surface 15a of the rotating cleaning roll 15. The crop transferred to the washing end side is discharged from the washing device C while pushing the rotating plate 27 open, and is stored in the storage tank D.

  The crops stored in the storage tank D are transported to the aligning / conveying device by the second transporting conveyor E, supplied to the crop sorting device G while correcting the posture of the crop by the aligning / conveying device F, and the crop sorting device G for each weight. Selected.

  When the worker scrapes off the mud accumulated in the mud pool 5 of the storage tank A, first, the hose 7 lifted up during the work is laid and the water stretched in the storage tank A is discharged. Then, the operator rotates the rotating inclined plate 16, lifts the lifting tool 19 and the like by hooking 18 on the hook, and lifts the conveyance start end side of the conveyor B with the rotation fulcrum 21 as a fulcrum. Then, for example, a square bar or the like is held between the lifted transport conveyor B and the storage tank A, and the transport conveyor B is fixed in a lifted state. Then, the opening / closing plate 9 is opened, and the mud accumulated in the mud pool 5 is scraped out from the mud removal passage 8.

  At this time, by using the guide chute 14 as an elastic member, the crop is hardly damaged when the crop passes. Further, when the transport conveyor B is rotated, the guide chute 14 hits the cleaning device C and obstructs the rotation of the transport conveyor B, or the guide chute 14 itself is hardly damaged.

Top view of crop cleaning and sorting device The figure explaining the inside of the storage tank and the washing | cleaning apparatus seen from the side The figure explaining the rotation operation of the conveyance conveyor seen from the side The figure explaining the storage tank and conveyance conveyor seen from the plane The figure explaining the storage tank and conveyance conveyor seen from the start end side Top view of cleaning equipment Cleaning device viewed from the cleaning start side Cleaning device viewed from the end of cleaning Perspective view of watering device Cross section of sprinkler A diagram for explaining the desorption of the cleaning roll Side view of aligning and conveying device and sorting device Figure showing the watering pipe at the start of cleaning

Explanation of symbols

C Cleaning device C1 Frame 15 Cleaning roll (transfer means)
33a Sprinkling port 33b Sprinkling port 33 Sprinkling pipe V Transfer end

Claims (3)

  A transfer means (15) for transferring crops is provided in the frame (C1), and a watering device (32) for spraying water toward the transfer means (15) is provided on the upper part of the frame (C1). ) Is configured to spray water from a plurality of locations from the transfer start end portion to the transfer end portion of the transfer means (15), and is configured to spray a large amount of water from the transfer start end portion.   The watering device (32) is provided with watering pipes (33) that form a large number of watering ports (33a) (33b) at a predetermined pitch in parallel with the transfer means, and the transfer start end of the transfer means (15) The crop cleaning device according to claim 1, wherein the pitch of the water sprinkling port (33a) for spraying water to (V) is narrower than the pitch of the water sprinkling port (33b) for watering to other portions.   The size of the water spray port (33a) for spraying water to the transfer start end (V) of the transport means (15) is made larger than that of the water spray port (33b) for water spraying to other portions. Item 3. A crop cleaning apparatus according to Item 2.

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