JP2006232650A - Porous structure lightweight ceramics, antibacterial porous structure lightweight ceramics, water stop and waterproof porous structure lightweight ceramics, waterproof porous structure lightweight ceramics, snow melting porous structure lightweight ceramics and their manufacturing methods - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lightweight ceramic where heat received on its surface is reduced by a porous structure consisting of inside fine pores, where water retentivity and water permeability are given by the porous structure and which is adapted to global environment by increasing a usable range with antibacterial processing, waterproof processing and lightening. <P>SOLUTION: The usable range and the widths of usage and application are spread by that the porous structure holding fine pores at a high temperature burning after carbon, paper sludge ash, diatom earth and chamotte are added to clay is prepared, by that insoluble silver powders and alumina powders are added for the antibacterial processing and by that the ceramic is processed to be waterproof with glaze or resin processing. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention is to manufacture porous structural lightweight ceramics for energy-saving building materials, and antibacterial processed ceramic building materials that do not grow mold or moss even in humid locations, water retention, water permeability, and manufacturing method for porous structural ceramic building materials, The present invention relates to a method for producing a waterproof ceramic building material having a structure that does not leak water on the lower ground, and a snow-melting ceramic building material in which an electric heating plate or a fibrous surface heating element is installed on the bottom surface of a porous structure ceramic building material.

Technology background

  The conventional technology requires that water does not permeate, has no water permeation, has high confidentiality, has a heavy weight, easily collects solar heat, etc., and heats up due to reflected heat, radiant heat, reflection, etc. It is. Moreover, it is not used as a snow melting material because of its poor frost resistance.

Problems to be solved by the invention

  In conventional ceramics, water penetration, high confidentiality, and heavy weight make it easy to concentrate solar heat, etc., easily increase the temperature by reflected heat, radiant heat, reflection, etc. Due to its heavy weight, it cannot be used on rooftops, terraces and verandas, and has a problem that it cannot be used as a snow melting material due to its poor frost resistance.

  The porous ceramic lightweight construction material that allows free entry and exit of air and water, which is the natural force of the present invention, absorbs and disperses high-temperature radiant heat due to reflected heat, radiant heat, and reflected heat in the porous structure, thereby reducing the temperature. It has an energy-saving function that can be maintained for a long time, has a weight that is 30% to 40% lighter than conventional ones, and has a structure in which water does not penetrate into the ground even when water is retained and does not cause water leakage. In addition, when the foundation is concrete-related, a porous structure lightweight ceramic building material that can be used easily anywhere without damaging the beauty and landscape due to the white flower phenomenon, mold and moss generated by sucking up the alkali component by capillary action, Waterproofing ceramic building materials, antibacterial ceramic building materials, and snow-melting ceramic building materials in which the bottom and side surfaces of porous structure lightweight ceramics are coated with glaze, and a heating plate and a fibrous surface heating element are installed between the bottom surface and the base It aims to provide a method.

Means for solving the problem

  In order to achieve the above objective, paper sludge ash and carbon, diatomaceous earth, and chamotte are mixed with conventional clay, and after calcining and calcining at a high temperature of 1100 ° C. to 1250 ° C., carbon burns out. The fine traces of 0.5 um to 100 um are formed on the traces, and the diatomaceous earth that retains the natural porosity further increases the fine pores and is the main component of paper sludge ash. A kaolin, a high-grade clay, is incinerated at high temperatures, which has transformed it into a porous ceramic with built-in fine holes. In addition, the two types of chamottes, which were made by pulverizing the porcelain state once burned at a high temperature until it became a fine shape, had both hardness and strength because they were once fired at a high temperature, and had a melting point. As the mixed unburned clay melts, these become struts that hold the fine holes, and as a result, they form strong void walls, allowing air and water to freely enter and exit. In addition, the porous structure lightweight ceramics building material having the energy saving function of the thermal insulation function by absorbing and dispersing the outside air temperature and the heat exchange function.

  In addition, in the case of a porous structure, there is a problem that moisture is retained, a humid state continues, and mold and moss are likely to be generated, so there is a difficulty that the usage range is narrow and not widespread. Mixing 0.02% to 0.06% of titanium powder, alumina powder, and iron oxide powder and baking at high temperature gives antibacterial properties to the entire interior. Also, high temperature from 600 ° C to 800 ° C removed from the furnace Sometimes, insoluble silver powder, titanium oxide powder, alumina powder, iron oxide powder is sprayed as water-soluble ionized liquid, sprayed onto the surface using high temperature to give antibacterial properties, and mold and moss are generated It becomes an antibacterial processed ceramic building material that has an antibacterial action.

  Also, in the case of a porous structure, if the moisture exceeds the allowable storage amount, the water permeates into the ground, which increases the waterproofing cost for the ground other than natural sand and reduces the range of use. If the coating is applied in the form of a box up to half of the side surface with a glaze and fired simultaneously, or if the box-shaped coating process is performed with a resin, the bottom surface becomes completely waterproof. In particular, glaze is a waterproof construction that is stable without any peeling phenomenon, and water does not pass through the bottom surface. In particular, when the base is a concrete product, fine pores cause capillary action, suck up alkali components to the surface, and generate 100% white flower. To solve the difficult problem.

  In addition, by coating the bottom and side surfaces with glaze, this coating process is integrated with the product by high-temperature firing so that it is applied before high-temperature firing, and does not peel off. By installing an electric heating plate or fibrous surface heating element etc., it is always warmed by the ground even in severe cold areas, and it is not frozen and used for roads, roofs, rooftops, roof tiles, station platforms, etc. This is a snow melting ceramic building material for snow melting countermeasures.

The invention's effect

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained as a building material for improving the global warming phenomenon.

  The water-retaining and water-permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material is an energy-saving building material in which the structure of a strong void wall and fine fine holes reduces the weight and allows air and water to freely enter and exit.

  Chamotte, which is made by pulverizing porcelain, is a material with a high melting point, and serves as a support for a strong void wall in order to maintain strength even when fired at high temperatures, and as a foundation for creating a porous structure, it has water retention and water permeability functions. It is a building material that maintains a strong structure while holding it, and has a function to maintain a low temperature that contributes to solving the global warming phenomenon that is currently suffering.

  The present invention is an invention that makes the best use of the principle of nature, and a water retaining and water permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material is intended to create an energy saving and optimum natural environment and improvement of human life.

  Since the porous structure is composed of fine fine holes, water is retained in the fine fine holes. Water that exceeds the water retention capacity is discharged through water permeation or the surface, and the absorbed water flows through the surface. . When the water is retained, when the fine pores evaporate the moisture by capillary action, the surface temperature is also lowered by the heat of vaporization. Insulates heat.

  In order to reduce the weight, conventional raw materials such as paper sludge ash with a porous structure, diatomaceous earth with a natural porous structure, and chamotte with a strong ceramic crusher are used in a weight ratio. Carbon from 30% to 48% and ultrafine particles of about 0.1um to 50um are mixed for the purpose of 0.1% to 3% by weight, and after molding press, high temperature of 1050 ° C to 1250 ° C Bake. At the time of high-temperature firing, ceramic chamotte and paper silage ash have a high melting temperature and are difficult to melt, so the clay that enters between them melts and joins, and has the same strong strength as porcelain ceramics. It becomes ceramics. During the firing, the carbon disappears, forming fine pores and disappearing, resulting in a lightweight porous structural ceramic building material.

  In addition, insoluble silver powder, titanium oxide, iron oxide powder is added in an amount of 0.03% to 0.06% by weight and baked to make an antibacterial ceramic building material, or insoluble silver powder, titanium oxide powder, alumina powder, iron oxide By making the powder into a water-soluble ionized solution and spraying and adhering it when it drops from 600 ° C to 800 ° C immediately after leaving the furnace, the conditions for generating moss and mold in places with high humidity and in shade Antibacterial ceramic building materials are made to block.

  In the porous structure, fine pores cause heat conduction phenomenon in places where the outside air temperature is high, and heat exchange is performed by transferring the high temperature on the surface to the low temperature inside pores, thereby increasing the surface temperature. Prevent. Even under midsummer hot weather, the surface temperature is maintained by increasing the outside air temperature from plus 5 ° C to around 10 ° C. Further, when water is retained by watering or water supply, the water takes away heat of vaporization when it evaporates, and the surface temperature is lowered by about 10 ° C. to 15 ° C. from the outside temperature, so that the energy saving effect is great. When the heat of direct sunlight is concentrated, it becomes radiant heat, reflected heat, and reflected heat, and radiates high temperature. It is effective for all places where you want to prevent high temperatures from being exposed to direct sunlight, such as rooftops, roofs, verandas, terraces, walkways, and gardens.

  When the outside air temperature is low, even if cold air of the outside air enters from the surface, it mixes with the cold air and the internal temperature, the temperature becomes stable, the internal moisture hardly evaporates, and the heat insulation heat retaining effect is exhibited. This is a heat insulating and heat-insulating effect on the rooftop, roof, outer wall material, etc., makes it difficult to release the internal temperature, reduces the amount of heat for indoor heating, and is effective as an energy-saving building material.

  Water retention, water permeable porous structure Light ceramics with a glaze or resin processing on the bottom surface, and waterproof coating treatment, water does not pass to the bottom, water that exceeds the water retention capacity will flow on the surface The retained water does not change the function of evaporating while taking away the heat of vaporization and lowering the surface temperature, does not damage the waterproofing of the substrate during construction and after use, and the waterproof film of the substrate is deteriorated by ultraviolet rays It helps to reduce the phenomenon and protect the life of the structure. In addition, since water does not penetrate into the substrate, the construction cost and waterproofing cost of the substrate are reduced, and the antibacterial processing extends the range of use and solves the harmful effects of mold and moss generation due to water retention and permeability. It becomes easy and leads to reduction of construction costs.

  When the waterproof coating is applied to the bottom by glaze or resin processing, the porous structure absorbs the alkaline components of the underlying concrete and mortar by capillary action and prevents the white flower phenomenon from appearing on the surface. The range of use is expanded without damage.

  By applying a glaze or resin-coated waterproof coating treatment on the bottom surface, water does not penetrate into the groundwork. Therefore, if an electric heating plate or a fibrous surface heating element is installed between the waterproof coating treatment and the groundwork, Snow melting is simplified, the burden on the building and the snow removal costs are reduced, and there is no snow removal work or surface freezing, which increases safety. In addition, the shape of the water-retaining water-permeable lightweight porous structure ceramic building material is flat plate, tile shape, shape with uneven feet, roof, rooftop, wall surface, veranda, terrace, garden, platform, underpass, stairs, Can be widely used on footbridges and sidewalks.

  The shape of the water-retaining and water-permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material can be manufactured in various shapes such as a flat plate, a tile, a shape with an uneven foot, a brick shape, and a ceramic shape.

  The product of the present invention is 10% to 15% of paper sludge ash by weight and the dryness of carbon (the raw material of carbon is anything from wood chips, sawdust, rice husks, waste paper, etc.) to a moisture content of 5% or less. Then, color pigments and the like are blended and mixed in 0.5% to 3%, diatomaceous earth 15% to 20%, chamotte 15% to 20%, etc., and then subjected to a molding press and fired at a high temperature of 1100 ° C to 1250 ° C. The ash content of carbon and paper sludge ash forms fine fine holes of about 0.5 um to 100 um where traces of complete burning and extinction in the baking process at 800 ° C. to 1250 ° C. In addition, natural porous diatomaceous earth also increases fine pores, and high-grade clay kaolin, which is the main component of paper sludge ash, is completely mixed with paper organic matter in a fine shape. Therefore, it is a ceramic building material having a porous structure in which fine fine holes are formed at the time of high-temperature firing. In addition, chamotte which has been fired at high temperature and pulverized into porcelain and these two types have hardness and strength and are mixed with unfired clay while retaining fine fine holes, and the unburned clay melts. In the course of this process, these two types have a high melting point, so that they are melt-bonded in the form of a central column to form a porous structure.

  The present invention is characterized by a porous structure, and the moisture location where there is always a lot of moisture has the difficulty of generating mold and moss, and it was difficult to expand the range of use due to aesthetics and landscape, Insoluble silver powder and titanium oxide are mixed in a weight ratio of 0.02% to 0.06% and fired at high temperature, or insoluble silver powder and titanium oxide are made into a water-soluble ionizing liquid and left in a furnace. By spraying the water-soluble ionized liquid of this insoluble silver powder and titanium oxide at the time of conversion, it can be baked and attached to the surface. This action breaks down the ions necessary for mold and moss inhabitants, and the antibacterial and porous structure ceramics building materials that act as an antibacterial action that does not create an environment in which mold and moss inhabit the generation of mold and moss. To prevent.

  According to the present invention, when the bottom and side surfaces of the porous structural lightweight ceramic building material are coated with glaze or resin, the product itself in which water does not pass through the bottom surface without losing functionality has a waterproof function. As a result, waterproofing of the base becomes easy and construction work and costs are reduced. In addition, the energy saving function can be utilized at a minimum cost. In addition, the skin covering process with glaze is completely integrated with the main body, there is no worry of peeling phenomenon, and the retained water can act freely in evaporation and absorption, and it is a building material with temperature adjusting function. Porous structure lightweight ceramic building materials with waterproof function can be used anywhere because the waterproofing and construction of the groundwork are easy. In addition, it is also a snow melting building material in cold snowy regions, and in the case of snow melting such as sidewalks, walls, rooftops, roofs, station platforms, etc., an electric heating plate or fibrous heating face is placed between the base and the porous structure lightweight ceramic building material. By installing, heat is always maintained from the bottom, heat exchange is performed inside the porous structure, maintenance costs are low, and snow melting is unnecessary, so tile materials, road surface materials, outer wall materials, roofing materials As a functional building material, it becomes an energy-saving building material.

  FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a water retaining and water permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material. When fired at high temperature, carbon and paper sludge ash are fine pores 1 with fine traces of burning and extinguishing, high-grade clay-like kaolin ceramics in paper sludge that forms a porous structure, ceramic structures with strong chamotte Fine pores 3 contained in diatomaceous earth 4, diatomaceous earth 4 which is a natural porous structure, antibacterial action insoluble silver powder of 0.02% to 0.06%, titanium oxide, alumina powder, iron oxide powder 5 and clayey 6 are mixed It is kneaded and becomes a porous structure ceramic building material melt-bonded by high-temperature firing at 1250 ° C.

  FIG. 2 shows a state where heat at an outside air temperature 7 enters the inside of the porous structure from the surface and causes heat conduction in the course of the heat exchange phenomenon. The hot temperature of the surface is mixed with the low temperature in the narrow hole to cause heat conduction 8 to the next narrow hole. It takes a long time to communicate to the whole interior. This is the cause of lowering the surface temperature. Warm water rises to the upper part and takes away heat of vaporization when it evaporates. On the other hand, when the outside air temperature is low, the temperature of the water in the narrow hole is also difficult to warm, the rise and movement are small, and heat exchange with the outside temperature is not possible, resulting in the inability to enter the narrow hole. It becomes a factor of energy saving phenomenon.

  FIG. 3 shows water retention and water permeability. Water 10 such as rain is absorbed on the surface and retained in a narrow hole 12 inside the ceramic, and water exceeding the water retention capacity permeates 13 underground. The water 14 exceeding the water absorption capacity flows and drains on the surface. Further, the retained water evaporates 11 in proportion to the rise in the outside air temperature.

  The surface of the water-retaining, water-permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material of the present invention is a non-slip type that has a rough surface and gives a non-slip resistance coefficient of 100, so there are many factors that damage the waterproof surface of the foundation, and water leakage Concerns have arisen that the waterproofing of the substrate requires precision and the cost is high, which narrows the range of use and hinders its spread. Thus, waterproof coating with a glaze or resin on the bottom and side surfaces alleviates the damage to the waterproof surface of the base and the precision requirements for waterproofing, which makes both cost and construction easy. In addition, the waterproof film on the base prevents the deterioration phenomenon due to ultraviolet rays and helps to extend the life of the structure.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a water retaining and water permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material is processed into a roof tile 15, and the glaze is applied from the side surface 17 to the entire bottom surface of about one third to one half of the thickness of the ceramic. Alternatively, the surface 16 is coated with a resin with a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, in the case of concrete or mortar, the bottom and side surfaces of water retaining and water permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building materials are coated in a box shape with glaze or resin, The white flower phenomenon 38 caused by the phenomenon of sucking up the alkali component is prevented. This does not impair the beauty and landscape, and also retains the water 39 absorbed from the surface, evaporates 40 in proportion to the increase in the outside air temperature, and does not change the function of lowering the surface temperature by the heat of vaporization.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, when the water-retaining and water-permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material is in a dry state, the inside temperature is about 5 ° C. to 10 ° C. higher than the outside air temperature due to the phenomenon of FIG. Maintain with. Further, when water is sprinkled and retained, the surface temperature is maintained at a temperature of about 1.0 ° C. to 15 ° C. lower than the outside temperature for a long time. Further, the internal heat 42 exchanges heat with the low temperature substrate, preventing the surface temperature from rising. The same effect occurs when the bottom and side surfaces are coated, but there is a slight difference in the temperature rise from the case where there is no coating.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, when constructed on an outer wall or the like, a waterproofing base 46 on a mortar or concrete slab 45, and a water retentive porous material whose bottom and side surfaces are covered with a glaze or resin in a box shape 48. When the structural lightweight ceramic building material 49 is fixed with an adhesive 47, the functions shown in FIGS. 6 and 8 are exhibited, and as an external wall building material having energy saving function, the surface temperature is increased by reflected heat, radiant heat, and reflection of direct sunlight in summer. On the contrary, in winter, it is a building material that demonstrates the effect of thermal insulation.

  The embodiment shown in FIG. 11 is for preventing reflected heat, reflection, and radiant heat on the roof, and has a water retaining and water permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material 53 without joints on the existing waterproof processing 57 on the roof. When installed, the water supply port 52 for replenishment is attached to the corner of the roof, and the water discharge 55 is performed, the function of FIG. The heat exchange is performed inside, and the reflected heat and illumination are not coated. Therefore, the water retention and water permeability functions of FIG. 3 are not changed, and water is absorbed and retained, and the evaporation 19 is performed. Covering 16 in a box shape with glaze or resin on the entire bottom surface from one third to one half of the side surface eliminates the possibility of damaging the base waterproofing processing 20 because the water does not permeate to the bottom. By solving difficult problems when constructing walls and roofs, construction costs and labor costs are reduced.

  The embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is the shape of the flat surface 21 of the water retaining and water permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material, and covers the one-third to one-half of the side surface and the entire bottom surface in a box shape with glaze or resin. 22 and the thickness of the coating is changed from 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, the waterproofing 23 applied on the upper part of the concrete slab 24 is not damaged, and deterioration due to ultraviolet rays is prevented.

  The embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is a phenomenon of water retention and water permeability. Covering process 26 is made in a box shape with glaze or resin from one third to one half of the bottom and side surfaces of the porous structure lightweight ceramic building material 25, and the water 29 from the surface satisfies the water retention allowance. The reached water 31 does not pass. If the water over the water retention capacity is adhesively bonded to the side surface, the bottom surface and side surfaces are covered with a cover in a box shape so that the water passes through the portion 32 not covered with the surface and moves to the next side. The waterproofing 27 applied to the upper part of the concrete slab 28 is not damaged.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the bottom and side surfaces of FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 are not coated with glaze or resin, the base is a sound cushion 35, and water 33 that has permeated from the surface is retained, Water 34 that exceeds the water retention capacity is permeated. When the retained water evaporates 37 in proportion to an increase in the outside air temperature, the surface temperature is lowered by the heat of vaporization. In addition, when the inside of the water-retaining, water-permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material becomes dry and water is insufficient, the underground water 36 is sucked up by capillarity through the sound action, is retained, and evaporates 37 in proportion to the rise in the outside air temperature. The temperature can be maintained at a low temperature for a long time by continuously lowering the surface temperature with the heat of vaporization.
Repeatedly, it becomes an energy-saving building material for reducing radiant heat.

  The embodiment shown in FIG. 12 prevents reflected heat, radiant heat, and reflection from the veranda or terrace, and enables a cool and comfortable veranda or terrace in a narrow apartment space. By fixing a water-retaining and water-permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic 62 having a bottom and a side covered with a glaze or resin in a box shape to a base waterproof 60 on a mortar such as a veranda or a terrace or a concrete slab 59 with an adhesive 61 The same effect as FIG. 10 is exhibited. Moreover, since the water retained by sprinkling water in the morning stays for a long time and the evaporation function is maintained, an environment such as a veranda or a terrace that can be easily cool and comfortable can be produced.

  13 (a), 13 (b), 13 (c), and 13 (d), heat is generated under a water-retaining and water-permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material 69 whose bottom and side surfaces are coated with a glaze or resin in a box shape 70. An electric heating plate or a fibrous surface heating element 71 is installed, and the temperature can be freely adjusted to melt snow in a heavy snowfall area. 5, 6, 8, and 9, the heat generated from the heating electric heating plate or the fibrous surface heating element 71 is transferred to the inside of the water-retaining and water-permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material 69 and exhibits a heat exchange function. Then melt snow with a small amount of heat. The excess water is drained from the melted water by the functions shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, and heat exchange is always performed inside the water-retaining and water-permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material 69 so that the heat-retaining state is maintained and freezing is eliminated. This function can be widely used for flat surfaces, wall materials, rooftops, verandas, terrace gardens, stairs, sidewalks, underpasses, gardens, etc., while reducing construction costs for platforms, roofs, tiles, pedestrian bridges, etc. in snowy areas. It is an energy-saving building material that is a simple construction method. The platform is a difficult problem in the cold and snowy region, but if it is constructed by the method shown in FIG. 13, it is safe to prevent slipping on the feet of passengers. In summer, a cool and comfortable environment can be produced with the functions shown in FIGS. FIG. 13 (a) shows that when applied to roof tiles, water retaining, water-permeable porous structure lightweight ceramics are tiled, and the bottom and side surfaces are covered with glaze or resin in a box shape with a surface heating element 64 for melting snow. Since it does not pass through the ground, waterproofing of the ground becomes easy, and snow always melts and flows out. FIG. 13 (b) shows a case where construction is carried out on a platform. The existing concrete slab as a base is reused, and a water retaining, water permeable, porous structure lightweight ceramic building material 67 and a bottom surface on the outside of the blind flat plate 66 are formed thereon. And fixing the side with resin or mortar can reduce the construction cost. FIG. 13C is an expansion of the construction status of the platform. When an exothermic electric heating plate and a fibrous surface heating element are installed on the existing or new base concrete slab 72 and it is desired to prevent water from penetrating into the base concrete slab 72, a coating 70 is applied to the bottom and side surfaces with glaze or resin. There is no worry of penetrating into the ground concrete slab 72. FIG. 13 (d) is a snow melting diagram of a sidewalk in a cold region snowy region. A water retaining and water permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material 73 is installed on the existing or new concrete slab 76, and water penetrates even if the bottom surface and the side surface waterproofed into a box shape by resin processing are brought into contact with the bottom surface and side surface. In addition, it is a building material that can take measures against melting snow while making it possible to melt snow from the lower side by heat generation and stop the advancement to the roadway with the curb 77 and to reduce the cost and simple construction.

      It is a cross-sectional view showing the porous structure of water retaining, water-permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material and antibacterial processed ceramic building material.       It is a cross-sectional view showing the heat retention, water permeability, water-permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material and antibacterial processed ceramic building material.       It is an oblique projection which shows the tile shape and heat conduction, water retention, water permeability, evaporation, and the generation | occurrence | production process of vaporization heat of water retention, a water-permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material, and an antibacterial processed ceramic building material.       It is an oblique projection which shows the tile shape and heat conduction, water retention, water permeability, evaporation, and the generation | occurrence | production process of vaporization heat of water retention, a water-permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material, and an antibacterial processed ceramic building material.       It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the relationship between base waterproofing and waterproofing ceramic building materials.       It is a perspective view which shows the relationship between base waterproofing processing and waterproofing ceramic building materials, and progress of heat conduction, water retention, water permeability, evaporation, and gas generation.       It is an oblique projection which shows the generation | occurence | production process of water retention, water permeability, evaporation, and heat of vaporization of water retention, water-permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material, and antibacterial processed ceramic building material.       It is an oblique projection figure which shows the generation | occurrence | production progress of heat conduction, water retention, water permeability, evaporation, and heat of vaporization, and the relationship between white flower phenomenon and waterproofing ceramic building materials.       It is an oblique projection which shows the dry state and heat conduction, water retention, water permeability, evaporation, and generation | occurrence | production process of vaporization heat of water retention, a water-permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material, and an antibacterial processed ceramic building material.       It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the construction method of the waterproofing ceramic building material used for the outer wall, and the heat generation, water retention, water permeability, evaporation, and generation | occurrence | production progress of vaporization heat.       It is an oblique projection figure which shows the construction method of the waterproofing ceramic building material used on the roof, and the prevention effect of reflected heat, radiant heat, and reflection.       It is an oblique projection figure which shows the energy saving effect at the time of using a waterproof ceramic building material for a veranda.       It is a tile sectional view of a waterproof ceramic building material.       Perspective oblique projection of waterproof ceramic building materials       Vertical cross-sectional view of waterproof ceramic building materials, etc. (How to use snowmelt)       Oblique projection of platform for waterproof ceramic building materials (how to use snowmelt)

Explanation of symbols

1 Fine pore after carbon disappears 2 Fine pore in paper sludge ash 3 Fine pore with strong chamotte structure 4 Fine pore in diatomaceous earth 5 Insoluble silver powder, titanium oxide powder, Alumina powder, iron oxide powder 6 Clay quality 7, 8, 18, 41, 43, 44 Heat 9, 11, 19, 30, 37, 40, 56 Evaporation 10, 14, 29, 31, 32, 33, 36, 39 Water 12 Fine fine holes 13, 31, 34 Water permeability 15, 65 Tile-shaped water-retaining water-permeable porous structure Lightweight ceramic building materials 16, 22, 26, 48, 63, 70, 74 Box-shaped covering processing 20 on the bottom and side surfaces, 23, 27, 46, 57, 60 Base waterproofing 21, 25, 42, 49, 53, 62, 67, 69, 73 Planar shape water-retaining water-permeable porous structure lightweight ceramic building material 28, 45, 54, 59, 68 , 72, 76 concrete Slab 38 White flower 47, 61 Adhesive 52 Replenishment water supply port 55 Water discharge 64, 71, 75 Heating plate or fibrous surface heating element 66 Blind spot block

Claims (4)

  A porous structure with a structure consisting of continuous fine holes and reinforced void walls, allowing air and water to freely enter and exit, and absorbing and dispersing outside air and exchanging heat and exchanging heat and having a heat-saving and heat-insulating function. Ceramics and manufacturing method thereof.   A porous structure lightweight ceramic that suppresses or prevents generation of mold, moss, bacteria, and the like even when water is retained in a porous structure for a long time and inundated, and a method for producing the same.   A porous structure lightweight ceramic having a bottom or side surface waterproofed or water-stop-coated on a porous structure ceramic having a water evaporation function retained in a porous structure, and a method for producing the same.   A lightweight snow-melting porous ceramic with a heating element on the bottom and side of the porous lightweight ceramic.

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