JP2006225470A - Method and apparatus for reforming heavy oil by utilizing hydrothermal reaction - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently discharge only residue oil in a high-temperature and high-pressure state, subsidiarily formed in a reformer while continuing hydrothermal reforming. <P>SOLUTION: The method for reforming heavy oil by utilizing a hydrothermal reaction comprises a reforming step for subjecting a high-temperature and high-pressure water and the heavy oil to the hydrothermal reaction to produce a reformed oil, a reformed fuel-feeding step for feeding the produced reformed oil to a combustion chamber of a power plant, an extraction step for extracting the residue remaining in the reforming step and moving the extracted residue to a region having a temperature and pressure lower than those of the reforming step, a storing step for storing the extracted residue, a detecting step for detecting the liquid level of the residue and the pressure of the residue at the storing step, and a control step for controlling the timing of the start and the stop of the extracting step based on signals of the detected liquid level and pressure of the residue. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a heavy oil reforming method using a hydrothermal reaction and a heavy oil reforming apparatus suitable for the hydrothermal reaction, and in particular, a hydrothermal reaction suitable for a gas turbine power generation system that generates power as a main fuel of a gas turbine. The present invention relates to a heavy oil reforming method and apparatus.

  Although heavy oil is inexpensive, it is not suitable for gas turbine fuel because it has high viscosity and contains a high concentration of sulfur and heavy metals. For this reason, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for lightening, desulfurizing, and demetalizing heavy oil. Moreover, the method of using as a fuel for gas turbines of combined cycle power generation is proposed (for example, refer patent document 2). In patent document 2, the mixture of the light oil and gas turbine fuel which were produced | generated by reforming is used for a gas turbine, and the remainder is used as a fuel for boilers. In patent document 3, the manufacturing method of the fluid fuel for power generation equipment is described.

  In the above known technique, there is no specific description about the treatment of the residue remaining in the hydrothermal reactor due to reforming. However, in an actual plant, the discharge of this residue is extremely important. Particularly in a system that uses reformed fuel as a fuel such as a gas turbine, it is efficient to discharge the reformed fuel residue from the reformer. Well, surely done.

JP 2000-109851 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-80750 JP 2000-109850 A

  An object of the present invention is to efficiently discharge only residual oil in a high-temperature and high-pressure state, which is secondarily generated in a fuel reformer that produces reformed fuel from heavy oil, from the reaction system without loss of light oil fuel efficiently. It is to provide a heavy oil reforming method and apparatus utilizing hydrothermal reaction.

  In the heavy oil reforming method utilizing hydrothermal reaction in the present invention, a reforming step for producing reformed oil by hydrothermal reaction of high-temperature and high-pressure water and heavy oil; A reformed fuel supply step for supplying to the combustor, an extraction step for extracting the residue remaining in the reforming step and moving it to a region of temperature and pressure lower than the reforming step, a storage step for storing the extracted residue, And a detection step for detecting the liquid level of the residue and the pressure in the region in the storage step, and a control step for controlling the start and stop timings of the extraction step based on the detected liquid level of the residue and the pressure signal. It is what.

  The present invention also relates to the above-mentioned heavy oil reforming method utilizing hydrothermal reaction, characterized in that it is determined that the discharge of the residue stored in the reforming step is substantially completed with the pressure increase in the storing step. . In this way, the residue stored at the bottom of the hydrothermal reformer is discharged semi-continuously by repeating discharge, liquid level detection, and pressure detection. It is impossible to discharge the residue continuously.

  Residues cannot be extracted directly from a high-temperature, high-pressure hydrothermal reformer into a low-temperature, low-pressure storage device (residue tank). Semi-continuous in the present invention is a term that is contrasted with batch processing (batch processing) of residues generally performed in a hydrothermal reformer. Residues are extracted in a hydrothermal treatment system, but the operation of the extraction is discontinuous. It means that. However, unlike the batch system in which the residual oil is extracted from the reactor at the end of one reforming process (in this case, the hydrothermal reaction is stopped), the present invention relates to the state of the reaction system and the residual oil storage device. Since the residual oil is discharged from the reaction system while continuing the hydrothermal reaction while monitoring the state of the water, the efficiency of the hydrothermal reaction and the residue discharge efficiency is good, and the loss of the generated gas fuel and light oil is minimized. Can be suppressed. Therefore, the reformer of the present invention is most suitable for facilities combined with a power generator such as a gas turbine. Gas fuel and light fuel produced by reforming are used alone or mixed with other fuels and used as fuel for gas turbines, etc., and residual oil is used as fuel for boilers and the like.

  Furthermore, the present invention relates to the heavy oil reforming method utilizing hydrothermal reaction, wherein the residue is discharged semi-continuously from the reforming step in the extraction step.

  Furthermore, the present invention relates to the heavy oil reforming method utilizing hydrothermal reaction, characterized in that it includes adjusting the pressure in the storage step within a predetermined range.

  A typical example of a heavy oil reforming apparatus utilizing hydrothermal reaction according to the present invention has a storage section for storing residual oil at the bottom, and the reformed fuel is mixed and reacted with high-temperature high-pressure water and heavy oil. A fuel reformer to be manufactured, a reformed fuel extracting means for extracting the reformed fuel from the reformer, a means for extracting residual oil from the reservoir of the reformer, and a lower temperature and lower pressure than the fuel reformer. The residual oil tank that holds the extracted residual oil, a liquid level gauge that detects the residual oil level of the residual oil tank, a pressure gauge that measures the internal pressure of the residual oil tank, and the liquid level gauge And a control device for controlling the opening and closing of the high-pressure side opening / closing valve and the low-pressure side opening / closing valve by the pressure signal obtained from the pressure gauge and the pressure signal obtained from the pressure gauge.

  In the hydrothermal reaction reforming apparatus of the present invention, there are a part that can be automatically adjusted and a part that cannot be adjusted in the installation stage. In the present invention, when the reformer enters a steady operation, it is desirable that the valve operation, detection, control by the signal, etc. are automatically performed as much as possible. Therefore, in the following description, a case where control and device operation are automatically performed will be described, but the present invention is not limited to this. It goes without saying that people may intervene in the operation in part.

  Examples of the problem solving means of the present invention are as follows.

  1. A high-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve is provided at the bottom of the reformer, a residual oil tank is provided downstream of the high-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve, and a low-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve is provided downstream of the residual oil tank. A pressure valve, a thermoelectric level gauge, and a pressure gauge are provided. A controller is provided for detecting a liquid level signal obtained from the thermoelectric level gauge and a pressure signal obtained from the pressure gauge. Residual oil can be automatically discharged by opening and closing the open / close valve and the low-pressure side automatic open / close valve.

  2. An ultrasonic sensor for detecting the residual oil level is provided at the bottom of the reformer, and the high-pressure side automatic open / close valve is opened and closed by the controller in accordance with a sensor signal obtained from the ultrasonic sensor to discharge the residual oil.

  3. A differential oil pressure gauge for detecting the residual oil level is provided at the bottom of the reformer, and the high pressure side automatic open / close valve is opened and closed by the controller based on the differential pressure signal obtained from the differential pressure gauge to discharge the residual oil.

  4). The residual oil tank is provided with a float-type liquid level gauge, and a low-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve is opened and closed by a controller in accordance with a liquid level signal obtained from the float-type liquid level gauge, and the residual oil is discharged.

  5. A radio wave (radar) type liquid level gauge is provided in the residual oil tank, and a low pressure side automatic opening / closing valve is opened and closed by a controller in accordance with a liquid level signal obtained from the radio wave (radar) type liquid level gauge, and the residual oil is discharged.

  6). A mass meter is provided in the residual oil tank, and the low pressure side automatic open / close valve is opened and closed by the controller based on the mass signal obtained from the previous mass meter, and the residual oil is discharged.

  7). An electrostatic capacity type sensor is provided in the residual oil tank, and the low pressure side automatic opening / closing valve is opened and closed by a controller in accordance with a signal obtained from the electrostatic capacity type sensor, and the residual oil is automatically discharged.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a representative embodiment of the present invention mixes a high-temperature high-pressure water production apparatus that generates high-temperature high-pressure water and high-temperature high-pressure water obtained from the high-temperature high-pressure water production apparatus with heavy oil. A reformer for producing a reformed fuel, a high-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve is provided at the bottom of the reformer, a residual oil tank is provided downstream of the high-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve, and the residual oil A low-pressure side automatic open / close valve is provided on the downstream side of the tank, a pressure holding valve, a thermoelectric liquid level gauge, and a pressure gauge are provided on the residual oil tank, and the liquid level signal obtained from the thermoelectric liquid level gauge and the pressure gauge are obtained. A controller for detecting the pressure signal is provided, and the controller can open and close the high-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve and the low-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve to automatically discharge the residual oil.

  In the present invention, in order to automatically discharge the residual oil, an ultrasonic sensor is provided at the bottom of the reformer instead of a radio wave level gauge for detecting the residual oil liquid level, and the ultrasonic sensor The high-pressure side automatic open / close valve is opened and closed by the controller based on the sensor signal obtained from the above, and the residual oil is discharged.

  In the present invention, in order to automatically discharge the residual oil, a differential pressure gauge for detecting the residual oil liquid level is provided at the bottom of the reformer, and a high-pressure side automatic open / close by the controller based on a differential pressure signal obtained from the differential pressure gauge Open and close the valve to drain the residual oil.

  In the present invention, in order to discharge the residual oil, a residual oil level gauge is provided in the residual oil tank, and a low-pressure side automatic opening / closing is performed by a controller based on a liquid level signal obtained from the floating type liquid level gauge instead of the liquid level gauge. Open and close the valve to drain the residual oil.

  In the present invention, in order to automatically discharge the residual oil, a radio wave (radar) type liquid level gauge is provided in the residual oil tank, and the controller controls the low pressure by a liquid level signal obtained from the radio wave (radar) type liquid level gauge. Open and close the side automatic opening and closing valve to discharge the residual oil.

  In the present invention, in order to automatically discharge the residual oil, a mass meter is provided in the residual oil tank, and the low-pressure side automatic open / close valve is opened and closed by the controller based on the mass signal obtained from the mass meter to discharge the residual oil. Let

  In the present invention, an electrostatic capacity type sensor is provided in the residual oil tank, and the low pressure side automatic opening / closing valve is opened and closed by a controller based on a signal obtained from the electrostatic capacity type sensor, and the residual oil is automatically discharged.

  In the present invention, a low pressure side pressure gauge is provided in the residual oil tank, and the low pressure side automatic open / close valve is opened and closed by a controller based on a signal obtained from the low pressure side pressure gauge, and the residual oil from the residual oil tank is automatically discharged. Let

  According to the present invention, high-temperature and high-pressure residual oil that is secondary produced in a fuel reformer that produces reformed fuel from heavy oil is efficiently discharged, and at the same time, the loss of reformed fuel that is effective as fuel is reduced. It can be minimized.

  Various reformed heavy oil-fired gas turbine power generation systems utilizing a hydrothermal reaction may have various system configurations depending on the purpose and application, such as a simple cycle without a steam turbine or a combined cycle with a steam turbine. Here, the combined cycle system shown in FIG. 3 will be described as an example.

  FIG. 3 shows that high-temperature and high-pressure water (350 to 500 ° C., 10 to 30 MPa) obtained by utilizing exhaust heat of a gas turbine is mixed with heavy oil in a fuel reformer and reacted to lighten the heavy oil. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an entire system for producing reformed fuel and using it as a gas turbine fuel. At the time of start-up, light oil 10 as start-up fuel and air 20 taken from outside air are supplied as compressed air by the air compressor 1 to the combustor 3 and are started by burning. The combustion exhaust gas is sent to the exhaust heat recovery boiler 4 while driving the turbine 2. In a normal large gas turbine, the combustion exhaust gas temperature in rated operation is about 560 ° C. The water 30 is pressurized to about 20 to 25 MPa by a water pressurizing pump 80 and sent to the exhaust heat recovery boiler 4, where heat is exchanged here for high temperature and high pressure for heavy oil reforming of about 450 ° C. to 550 ° C. Water 31 is produced.

  On the other hand, the heavy oil 40 is pressurized to about 20 to 25 MPa by the heavy oil pressurizing pump 81, then heated to about 350 ° C. by the heavy oil heater 5 and supplied to the fuel reformer 7. Heated heavy oil 41 and high-temperature high-pressure water 31 that have been heated and raised respectively are mixed in the fuel reformer 7 to produce a reformed fuel. Here, the heavy oil heating steam 51 supplied to the heavy oil heater 5 and the steam turbine steam 50 for the steam turbine 6 as a combined cycle are also generated simultaneously in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 4. The steam turbine 6 includes a generator 61, a condenser 83, and a pump 82, so that makeup water 34 can be supplied to the condenser 83. The fuel reformer 7 is composed of a single cylinder or a plurality of cylindrical containers, and high-temperature high-pressure water and heavy oil are mixed inside each cylindrical container.

  As a function of this high-temperature high-pressure water, it forms a uniform layer with heavy oil, decomposes and lightens relatively high-molecular oil in heavy oil, and binds vanadium and the like in the oil molecule. It works to separate heavy metals. In the fuel reformer 7, heavy oil reforming and heavy metal removal are performed. Then, the reformed reformed fuel 90 is decompressed by the decompressor 100 and then supplied to the combustor 3, and burns with combustion air to drive the turbine 2 to generate power. Here, in the gas turbine power generation system in which the heavy oil reforming system is applied to the gas turbine, the heat balance of the overall configuration by the main equipment is established, but the detailed structure of each individual equipment, system evaluation, Currently, no consideration has been given. Therefore, in the present invention, in a fuel reformer for producing reformed fuel from heavy oil, a system configuration is proposed that automatically discharges high-temperature and high-pressure residual oil that is secondary generated during the production of reformed fuel. To do.

  FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, which has a structure in which a high pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76a is provided at the bottom of the reformer 7, a residual oil tank 70 and a residue are provided downstream of the high pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76a. A low-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76b is provided downstream of the oil tank.

  The residual oil tank 70 is provided with a pressure holding valve 72, a thermoelectric level gauge 75a, and a pressure gauge 71, and detects a liquid level signal obtained from the thermoelectric level gauge 75a and a pressure signal obtained from the pressure gauge 71. A controller 73 is provided for controlling opening and closing of the high-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76a and the low-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76b. The open / close signal for opening / closing the high-pressure side automatic open / close valve 76a may be an external signal, a manual operation signal, or a signal from the timer 74 for time management, but here the timer 74 is taken as an example. The detailed operation of each device according to this structure will be described below.

  By supplying high-temperature high-pressure water (350-500 ° C., 10-30 MPa) 31 and high-temperature high-pressure heavy oil (350-500 ° C., 10-30 MPa) 41 into the reformer 7, heavy oil is thermally decomposed, Most of them are lightened to become a gaseous reformed fuel 90, but the remaining several percent are not reformed and become residual oil 91 while heavy metals and the like are concentrated. This residual oil 91 is deposited in the lower part of the reformer 7. A high-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76a is opened at regular time intervals by a timer 74 provided in the controller 73. As a result, the residual oil 91 starts to flow into the residual oil tank 70. After that, when all of the residual oil 91 in the reformer 7 flows into the residual oil tank 70, the gaseous reformed fuel 90 having a high pressure (20 MPa) is next supplied. Flows in. The reference set pressure in the residual oil tank 70 may be a pressure slightly higher than the atmospheric pressure, or may be a pressure of about 1 to 3 MPa. Here, as an example, the reference pressure is 3 MPa.

  As described above, when the high-pressure (20 MPa) gaseous reformed fuel 90 flows in, the pressure in the residual oil tank 70 gradually increases. As an example, when the indicated value of the pressure gauge 71 detects 4 MPa, the controller 73 transmits the pressure signal to the controller 73, whereby the controller 73 causes all of the residual oil 91 in the reformer 7 to be transferred to the residual oil tank 70. It is determined that the air has flowed in, and the high-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76a is closed. At this time, the pressure in the residual oil tank 70 is 4 MPa, but the pressure is gradually discharged so that the pressure is returned to 3 MPa as a reference set pressure by the operation of the pressure holding valve 72. Operation stops. By repeating the above operation, the residual oil 91 in the reformer 7 is automatically discharged.

  Next, the residual oil 91 deposited in the lower part of the residual oil tank 70 is constantly transmitting a liquid level signal to the controller 73 by a thermoelectric level gauge 75a installed as an example. This thermoelectric level gauge 75a is provided with a plurality of thermocouples in the axial direction of the heating element, and due to the difference in heat transfer coefficient generated between the portion with liquid (residual oil 91) and the portion without liquid, It detects the surface. Therefore, by setting the upper limit value and lower limit value of the liquid level detected by the thermoelectric level gauge 75a in advance, the low pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76b is opened and closed by the controller.

  That is, when the liquid level of the thermoelectric level gauge 75a detects the upper limit value, the controller opens the low-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76b to discharge the residual oil 91, and when the liquid level gradually decreases and the lower limit value is detected, the controller. 73 closes the low-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76b. By repeating the above operation, the residual oil is automatically discharged by controlling the liquid level while reducing the pressure of the high-pressure residual oil 91 in the reformer 7 in the residual oil tank 70.

  In particular, changes in the pressure in the residual oil tank 70 when the residual oil 91 in the reformer 7 is discharged and the operation of the high-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76a will be described with reference to FIG. Here, as an example, the reference set pressure in the residual oil tank 70 is 3 MPa. Now, the residual oil 91 is deposited in the lower part of the reformer 7, but an instruction (point O) to open the high-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76a is issued from the controller 73 by the signal of the timer 74. Between the point O and the point A, the residual oil 91 is flowing into the residual oil tank 70. Point A is a state in which all of the residual oil 91 in the reformer 7 has flowed into the residual oil tank 70, and high-pressure (20 MPa) gaseous reformed fuel 90 flows from point A to point B, and the residue In this state, the pressure in the oil tank 70 is rising. As an example, when the indicated value of the pressure gauge 71 at point B detects 4 MPa, a pressure signal of 4 MPa is transmitted, and the controller 73 closes the high-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76 a.

  Thereafter, the point C indicates that the pressure in the residual oil tank 70 is recognized to exceed the reference value of 3 MPa, and the pressure holding valve 72 is activated. Between point C and point D, the pressure is discharged by the pressure holding valve 72, the pressure in the residual oil tank 70 becomes the reference set value 3 MPa, and the operation stop state of the pressure holding valve 72 is the point D. . Thus, the residual oil 91 in the reformer 7 is automatically discharged by repeating the operation from the point O to the point D where the residual oil 91 is discharged from the reformer 7.

  FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, the structure of which is basically the same as that of FIG. 1, except that a high-pressure side residual oil tank 7 a is added downstream of the reformer 7. And the operation of the high-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76a by the signal of the ultrasonic sensor 75b. That is, when the residual oil 91 is deposited in the high-pressure side residual oil tank 7 and the presence of the residual oil 91 is confirmed by the ultrasonic sensor 75b, the signal of the ultrasonic sensor 75b is transmitted to the controller 73, thereby The automatic opening / closing valve 76a is opened. The operating state of each device after the residual oil 91 in the high-pressure side residual oil tank 7a all flows into the residual oil tank 70 and the pressure rises is the same as in FIG.

  FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, the structure of which is basically the same as that of FIG. 4, except that the high pressure of the structure in which a differential pressure is obtained downstream of the reformer 7. The side residual oil tank 7a is added and the high-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76a is operated by a signal from the differential pressure gauge 75c. That is, when the residual oil 91 is accumulated in the differential pressure type high pressure side residual oil tank 7 and the presence of the residual oil 91 is confirmed by the differential pressure value of the differential pressure gauge 75c, the signal of the differential pressure gauge 75c is transmitted to the controller 73. Thus, the high-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76a is opened. The operating state of each device after the residual oil 91 in the high-pressure side residual oil tank 7a all flows into the residual oil tank 70 and the pressure rises is the same as in FIG.

  FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention, the structure of which is basically the same as that of FIG. 1, except that the liquid level gauge in the residual oil tank 70 is a float type liquid level gauge 75d. Is used to operate the low-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76b. That is, the residual oil 91 is accumulated in the residual oil tank 70, and the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the liquid level to be detected are set in advance by the float type liquid level gauge 75d. It opens and closes and automatically discharges the residual oil 91 in the residual oil tank 70 while controlling the liquid level.

  FIG. 7 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention, the structure of which is basically the same as that of FIG. 1, except that a radio wave (radar) type liquid is added to the liquid level gauge in the residual oil tank 70. This is to operate the low-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76b using the surface gauge 75e. That is, the residual oil 91 is accumulated in the residual oil tank 70, and an upper limit value and a lower limit value of the liquid level to be detected are set in advance by a radio wave (radar) type liquid level gauge 75e. The valve 76b is opened and closed, and the residual oil 91 in the residual oil tank 70 is automatically discharged while controlling the liquid level.

  FIG. 8 shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention, the structure of which is basically the same as that of FIG. 1, except that a mass meter 75f is used for the level gauge in the residual oil tank 70. The low-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76b is operated. That is, the residual oil 91 is accumulated in the residual oil tank 70, and the upper and lower limits of the mass to be detected are set in advance by the mass meter 75f, whereby the low-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76b is opened and closed by the controller. The residual oil 91 in the oil tank 70 is automatically discharged while controlling the liquid level.

  FIG. 9 shows a seventh embodiment of the present invention, the structure of which is basically the same as FIG. 1, except that a capacitive sensor 75g is added to the level gauge in the residual oil tank 70. Is used to operate the low-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76b. That is, the residual oil 91 is accumulated in the residual oil tank 70, the electrostatic capacity type sensor 75g is provided for each of the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the liquid level to be detected, and the signal is transmitted to the controller to automatically open and close the low pressure side. The valve 76b is opened and closed, and the residual oil 91 in the residual oil tank 70 is automatically discharged while controlling the liquid level.

  FIG. 10 shows an eighth embodiment of the present invention, and its structure is basically the same as FIG. A low-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76b is opened at regular time intervals by a timer 74 provided in the controller 73. The reference set pressure in the residual oil tank 70 is 3 MPa as an example, but when the residual oil 91 is discharged from the residual oil tank 70, the pressure in the residual oil tank 70 gradually decreases. As an example, when the indicated value of the low pressure side pressure gauge 71a detects 2 MPa, the controller 73 determines that the residual oil 91 in the residual oil tank 70 has been discharged by transmitting the pressure signal to the controller 73. Then, the low-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve 76b is closed. That is, when the residual oil 91 in the residual oil tank 70 is discharged, the pressure change in the residual oil tank 70 is the reverse of FIG.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the residual oil discharge structure of the hydrothermal reaction utilization heavy oil reformer by the 1st Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the pressure fluctuation characteristic accompanying the residual oil discharge | emission of this invention. It is a schematic diagram showing a hydrothermal reaction utilization heavy oil reformer gas turbine system of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the residual oil discharge structure of the hydrothermal reaction utilization heavy oil reformer by the 2nd Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the residual oil discharge structure of the hydrothermal reaction utilization heavy oil reformer by the 3rd Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the residual oil discharge structure of the hydrothermal reaction utilization heavy oil reformer by the 4th Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the residual oil discharge structure of the hydrothermal reaction utilization heavy oil reformer by the 5th Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the residual oil discharge structure of the hydrothermal reaction utilization heavy oil reformer by the 6th Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the residual oil discharge structure of the hydrothermal reaction utilization heavy oil reformer by the 7th Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the residual oil discharge structure of the hydrothermal reaction utilization heavy oil reformer by the 8th Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Air compressor, 2 ... Turbine, 3 ... Combustor, 4 ... Waste heat recovery boiler, 5 ... Heavy oil heater, 6 ... Steam turbine, 7 ... Reformer, 7a ... High pressure side residual oil tank, 10 ... Light Oil, 20 ... Air, 30 ... Water, 31 ... High temperature high pressure water, 32 ... Reformed fuel, 33 ... Low temperature steam, 34 ... Supply water, 35 ... Cooling water, 40 ... Heavy oil, 41 ... High temperature high pressure heavy oil, 50 ... Steam Steam for turbine, 51 ... Steam for heating heavy oil, 60 ... Generator, 61 ... Generator, 70 ... Residual oil tank, 71 ... Pressure gauge, 71a ... Low pressure side pressure gauge, 72 ... Holding pressure valve, 73 ... Controller, 74 ... Timer, 75a ... Thermoelectric liquid level gauge, 75b ... Ultrasonic sensor, 75c ... Differential pressure gauge, 75d ... Float type liquid level gauge, 75e ... Radio wave (radar) type liquid level gauge, 75f ... Mass meter, 75g ... Electrostatic Capacitance type sensor, 76a ... High-pressure side automatic opening / closing valve, 76b ... Low-pressure side automatic Closed valve, 80 ... water pressure pump, 81 ... heavy oil pressure pump, 82 ... pump, 83 ... ascites, 84 ... reformed oil heat exchanger, 90 ... reformed fuel, 91 ... gas reformed fuel, 92 ... Liquid reformed fuel, 100 ... decompressor.

Claims (14)

  Reforming step for producing reformed oil by hydrothermal reaction of high-temperature and high-pressure water and heavy oil, reformed fuel supplying step for supplying the produced reformed oil to the combustor of the power generator, and remaining in the reforming step Extraction step for extracting the residue to be moved to a region of lower temperature and pressure than the reforming step, storage step for storing the extracted residue, detection for detecting the liquid level of the residue in the storage step and the pressure in the region A hydrothermal reaction utilizing heavy oil reforming method comprising: a step, and a control step for controlling the start and stop timings of the extraction step based on the detected residue liquid level and pressure signal.   2. The heavy oil reforming method using hydrothermal reaction according to claim 1, wherein it is determined that the discharge of the residue stored in the reforming step is substantially completed by the pressure increase in the storing step.   The heavy oil reforming method using hydrothermal reaction according to claim 1, wherein the residue is discharged semi-continuously from the reforming step in the extraction step.   The method for heavy oil reforming utilizing hydrothermal reaction according to claim 1, comprising adjusting the pressure in the storage step within a predetermined range.   A fuel reformer that has a reservoir for storing residual oil at the bottom, mixes and reacts with high-temperature and high-pressure water and heavy oil to produce reformed fuel, and reforms that extract the reformed fuel from the reformer Fuel extraction means, means for extracting residual oil from the storage section of the reformer, a residual oil tank that is maintained at a lower temperature and a lower pressure than the fuel reformer, and that contains the extracted residual oil, and the residual oil tank A liquid level gauge for detecting the residual oil level, a pressure gauge for measuring the internal pressure of the residual oil tank, a liquid level signal obtained from the liquid level gauge, and a pressure signal obtained from the pressure gauge for opening and closing the high pressure side open / close valve And a control device for controlling the opening and closing of the low-pressure side opening and closing valve.   6. The heavy oil reforming apparatus utilizing hydrothermal reaction according to claim 5, wherein the reforming fuel extraction means is coupled to a combustion apparatus of a power generator.   A high-temperature / high-pressure water production device that has a reservoir for storing residual oil at the bottom and generates high-temperature / high-pressure water, and the high-temperature / high-pressure water obtained from the high-temperature / high-pressure water production device is mixed and reacted with heavy oil for reforming. A fuel reformer for producing fuel; means for extracting reformed fuel from the reformer; a high-pressure side opening / closing valve at the bottom of the reformer; and a residual oil tank downstream from the high-pressure side opening / closing valve , A low pressure side opening / closing valve is provided downstream of the residual oil tank, a liquid level gauge and a pressure gauge are provided in the residual oil tank, and a high pressure is obtained by a liquid level signal obtained from the liquid level gauge and a pressure signal obtained from the pressure gauge. A heavy oil reforming apparatus utilizing hydrothermal reaction, which opens and closes a side open / close valve and a low pressure side open / close valve to discharge residual oil.   8. The residual oil level detecting ultrasonic sensor is provided at the bottom of the reformer, and the high pressure side opening / closing valve is opened and closed by a controller in accordance with a sensor signal obtained from the ultrasonic sensor, and the residual oil is discharged. A heavy oil reforming apparatus utilizing hydrothermal reaction.   8. The residual oil level detection differential pressure gauge is provided at the bottom of the reformer according to claim 7, and the high pressure side automatic open / close valve is opened and closed by a controller based on the differential pressure signal obtained from the differential pressure gauge to discharge residual oil. A heavy oil reforming apparatus utilizing hydrothermal reaction.   8. The residual oil tank according to claim 7, wherein a float-type liquid level gauge is provided, and a low-pressure side opening / closing valve is opened and closed by a controller in accordance with a liquid level signal obtained from the float-type liquid level gauge to discharge the residual oil. A heavy oil reformer using hydrothermal reaction.   8. The residual oil tank according to claim 7, wherein a radio wave type liquid level gauge is provided, and a low pressure side opening / closing valve is opened and closed by a controller in accordance with a liquid level signal obtained from the radio wave type liquid level gauge to discharge the residual oil. A heavy oil reformer using hydrothermal reaction.   8. The hydrothermal reaction utilization weight according to claim 7, wherein a mass meter is provided in the residual oil tank, and the residual oil is discharged by opening and closing the low-pressure side opening / closing valve by a controller based on a mass signal obtained from the mass meter. Quality oil reformer.   8. The residual oil tank according to claim 7, wherein a capacitive sensor is provided, and a low-pressure side opening / closing valve is opened / closed by a controller based on a signal obtained from the capacitive sensor to discharge the residual oil. Heavy oil reformer using hydrothermal reaction.   8. The residual oil tank according to claim 7, wherein a low-pressure side pressure gauge is provided in the residual oil tank, and a low-pressure side opening / closing valve is opened / closed by a controller in accordance with a signal obtained from the low-pressure side pressure gauge to discharge the residual oil from the residual oil tank. A heavy oil reformer using hydrothermal reaction.

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