JP2006225425A - Heavy oil reforming apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heavy oil reforming apparatus with which a residual heavy oil is discharged even in an operation suspension not securing power. <P>SOLUTION: In the heavy oil reforming apparatus comprising a reforming system having a heavy oil supply systems (3, 4, 5, 6) for pressurizing and overheating a heavy oil, water supply systems (8, 9, 10, 11) for pressurizing and heating water, mixing systems (12, 13, 14) for mixing the pressurized and heated heavy oil and water and a reforming system having a reformer 15 for reacting the mixed heavy oil and water, the apparatus is equipped with a detergent supply means (30, 31, etc.) for supplying a detergent to the systems by pressure and discharge routes (8, 21, etc.) for discharging the supplied detergent when power is lost. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a heavy oil reforming apparatus, and more particularly to a heavy oil reforming apparatus that reforms heavy oil by reacting with high temperature and high pressure steam.

  A heavy oil reforming apparatus that reforms heavy oil by reacting it with high-temperature and high-pressure steam has already been proposed as disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.

  In the heavy oil reforming apparatus described in Patent Document 1, a cleaning liquid is supplied to the periphery of the reformer in a state in which the operation is stopped, so that an unnecessary material remaining or generated in the system is discharged. .

JP 2003-286491 A

  In the heavy oil reforming apparatus described in Patent Document 1, it is assumed that a cleaning liquid supply pump for supplying a cleaning liquid is operating in order to discharge unnecessary materials remaining or generated in the system. .

  However, when the power of the equipment where the heavy oil reformer is installed loses power or the entire area goes out of power and the cleaning liquid supply pump stops, there is no means for supplying the cleaning liquid into the system. Will stay in the hot system. As a result, coke is generated from heavy oil, which may block the system.

  If the system is blocked, it cannot be restarted unless the system is disassembled to remove the blocked coke, and there is a problem that the equipment including the heavy oil reformer becomes unusable for a long time. is there.

  In general, business facilities are equipped with emergency power supply equipment in case of emergency, but it takes time to start up this emergency power supply equipment, and in some cases, until the emergency power supply equipment is started up. In some cases, coke is generated by the residual heavy oil and the system is blocked.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a heavy oil reformer that can discharge residual heavy oil even when operation is stopped when power cannot be secured.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention mixes a heavy oil supply system that pressurizes and heats heavy oil, a water supply system that pressurizes and heats water, and a heavy oil and water that are pressurized and heated. In a heavy oil reformer comprising a mixing system that performs a reaction, and a reforming system having a reformer that reacts the mixed heavy oil and water, when the power is lost, the cleaning agent is introduced into the system by pressure. In addition to providing cleaning agent supply means for supplying, a discharge path for discharging the supplied cleaning agent is provided.

  By adopting the above configuration, the cleaning agent is supplied into the system by pressure without power, and is discharged from the discharge path, so that unnecessary substances such as heavy oil remaining in the system can be discharged quickly and coke can be discharged. Blockage of the system due to generation can be prevented.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a heavy oil reformer that can discharge residual heavy oil even when operation is stopped when power cannot be secured.

  Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a heavy oil reforming apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The heavy oil reformer 1 is largely composed of a heavy oil supply system that pressurizes and heats heavy oil, a water supply system that pressurizes and heats water, and a heavy oil and water that are heated under pressure. And a reforming system having a reformer for reacting the mixed heavy oil and water.

  The heavy oil supply system includes a heavy oil pump 3 that pressurizes and supplies heavy oil stored in the heavy oil tank 2, and a heavy oil valve that performs supply and stop of pressurized heavy oil. 4, a heavy oil heater 5 that heats the pressurized heavy oil that has passed through the heavy oil valve 4, and a heavy oil conduit 6 that communicates these.

  The water supply system includes a pure water pump 8 that pressurizes and supplies pure water stored in the pure water tank 7, a pure water valve 9 that supplies and stops pressurized pure water, and the pure water valve. 9 includes a pure water heater 10 that heats the pressurized pure water that has passed through 9, and a pure water pipe 11 that communicates them.

  The mixing system includes a mixer 12 for mixing pressurized heavy oil and pure water, and a reforming preheater 13 for preheating the mixed heavy oil and pure water to a temperature suitable for the reaction. , And a mixing conduit 14 that communicates them.

  The reforming system includes a reformer 15 that generates a reformed fuel by reacting a preheated heavy oil and pure water, and a reformed fuel pipe that guides the reformed fuel separated by the reformer 15. 16 and a pressure reducing valve 17 provided in the reformed fuel pipe 16.

  In addition, the reformer 15 has a discharge pipe 18 that discharges unnecessary substances that have been reformed, a discharge valve 19 provided in the discharge pipe 18, and a pressure reduction of the discharged unnecessary articles. A reformer discharge system comprising a decompression orifice 20 that is discharged in this manner is connected.

  Further, an emergency discharge pipe 21 is connected upstream of the pressure reducing valve 17 of the reformed fuel pipe 16, and the emergency discharge valve 22 and the pressure reducing orifice are connected to the emergency discharge pipe 21 in order from the upstream side. 23 is provided to constitute an emergency release system.

  A gas-liquid separator 24 for separating the reformed fuel into gas fuel and liquid fuel is connected to the reformed fuel pipe 16 downstream of the pressure reducing valve 17. A pipe 25 and a liquid fuel pipe 26 are connected.

  Further, a bypass pipe line is provided between the heavy oil valve 4 and the heavy oil heater 5 in the heavy oil pipe line 6 and between the pure water valve 9 and the pure water heater 10 in the pure water pipe line 11. 27, a heavy oil supply system cooling water valve 28 and a water supply system cooling water valve 29 are provided in the bypass conduit 27.

  In the heavy oil reforming apparatus 1 configured as described above, an emergency cooling water supply tank 30 is provided at a position higher than all the systems, and an emergency cooling water supply pipe 31 is connected to the bypass from the emergency cooling water supply tank 30. The heavy oil supply system cooling water valve 28 and the water supply system cooling water valve 29 in the pipe line 27 are connected. The emergency cooling water supply pipe 31 is provided with an emergency cooling water supply valve 32 that is opened when power is lost, for example, when the power of the pure water pump 8 is lost.

  During normal operation of the heavy oil reforming apparatus 1 having the above-described configuration, as shown in FIG. 1, the valves 4, 9, and 17 indicated by white are opened, and the valves 19, 22, 28, and black indicated by black are opened. 29 and 32 are closed. For this purpose, the heavy oil is pressurized by the heavy oil pump 3 and heated by the heavy oil heater 5 to reach the mixer 12, and the pure water is pressurized by the pure water pump 8 and heated by pure water. It is heated by the vessel 10 and reaches the mixer 12.

  The heavy oil and pure water that have entered the mixer 12 are mixed and preheated by the reforming preheater 13 to reach the reformer 15 where they are separated into reformed oil and unnecessary substances. Unnecessary items are periodically disposed of in an external waste tank 33 by opening the discharge valve 19. On the other hand, the reformed oil is separated by the gas-liquid separator 24 and supplied to necessary equipment.

  In the heavy oil reforming apparatus 1 performing such an operation, when the apparatus is urgently stopped at a normal time, the heavy oil pump 3 is stopped, the heavy oil valve 4 is closed, the heavy oil supply system cooling water valve 28 and The water supply system cooling water valve 29 is opened, the emergency discharge valve 22 is opened, and the pure water pump 8 is driven. As a result, the heavy oil heater 5-heavy oil line 6-mixer 12-mixing line 14-reformation preheater 13-reformer 15 and the system through which heavy oil flows are cooled by steam. The residual heavy oil can be discharged to the waste tank 33 via the emergency discharge valve 22 by steam.

  When the power of the pure water pump 8 is cut off and the power is lost as compared with the normal stop of the apparatus as described above, the valves 4, 9, and 17 are displayed in black as shown in FIG. And the valves 20, 22, 28, 29, and 32 are opened as indicated by white.

  When such valve operation is performed, the cooling water in the emergency cooling water supply tank 30 is supplied into the heavy oil pipe 6 and the pure water pipe 11 by the head pressure. Due to the emergency cooling water supply, heavy oil heater 5 -heavy oil line 6 -mixer 12 -mixing line 14 -reformer preheater 13 -reformer 15 and the remaining heavy oil flow in the system The heavy oil to be removed can be removed to the waste tank 33 via the discharge valve 19 and the emergency discharge valve 22. The supplied emergency cooling water evaporates due to residual heat of the heavy oil heater 5, the pure water heater 10, the reforming preheater 13, and the reformer 15, and cools each system by latent heat of evaporation, and at the same time, residual heavy oil Is swept away. In addition, although the emergency cooling water is supplied also to the pure water conduit 11, this is for cooling the pure water heater 10 and preventing burning. Further, although it is not essential to use a reformer discharge system composed of the discharge pipe 18, the discharge valve 19, and the pressure reducing orifice 20, only the emergency discharge pipe 21 is provided by providing this reformer discharge system. Residual heavy oil can be discharged in a short time compared to the discharge that relies on.

  In the above embodiment, the valves 4, 9, and 17 are automatically closed when the power is cut off and power is lost, and the valves 20, 22, 28, 29, and 32 are turned off. Thus, when the power is lost, it is configured to be automatically opened, so that the remaining oil can be automatically discharged when the power is turned off.

  In the present embodiment, the emergency cooling water supply tank 30, the emergency cooling water supply pipe 31, the emergency cooling water supply valve 32, the water supply system cooling water valve 29 provided in the bypass pipe 27, the heavy oil supply system cooling water valve 28, Corresponds to the cleaning agent supply means of the present invention, the emergency cooling water supply tank 30 corresponds to the cleaning agent tank of the present invention, and the emergency cooling water supply pipe 31 and the bypass pipe 27 correspond to the cleaning agent supply path of the present invention. It corresponds to. The discharge pipe 18 and the emergency discharge pipe 21 correspond to a discharge path for discharging the supplied cleaning agent according to the present invention.

  FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing a second embodiment of the heavy oil reforming apparatus according to the present invention (when power is cut off and power is lost). In FIG. 3, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 indicate the same components, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.

  In the present embodiment, in order to further promote the discharge of the remaining heavy oil than the heavy oil reformer according to the first embodiment, the emergency cooling water supply and the discharge of the remaining heavy oil are performed at a plurality of locations. It was made to do from.

  That is, the three emergency cooling water supply pipes 31A, 31B, 31C are pulled out from the emergency cooling water supply tank 30, and the emergency cooling water supply pipe 31A is connected to the upstream side of the heavy oil heater 5, and the emergency cooling water supply pipe 31B is connected. Are connected to the mixer 12, and the emergency cooling water supply pipe 31C is connected to the upstream side of the reformer 15, and the emergency cooling water supply valves 32A, 32B, and 32C are provided respectively. Then, a heavy oil supply system discharge pipe 34 having a heavy oil supply system discharge valve 35 and a pressure reducing orifice 36 is connected between the upstream side of the heavy oil heater 5 and the waste tank 33, and heated with pure water. A pure water supply system discharge pipe 37 having a pure water supply system discharge valve 38 and a pressure reducing orifice 39 is connected between the upstream side of the vessel 10 and the waste tank 33. Further, the bypass line 27 is provided only with a heavy oil supply system cooling water valve 28 that is opened at the time of emergency stop where power is secured and supplies pure water to the heavy oil line 6.

  With the above configuration, when the power is shut off, the cooling water from the emergency cooling water supply tank 30 is supplied to the heavy oil pipeline 6 including the heavy oil heater 5 and at the same time, the mixer 12 and the reforming preheat. The pure water pipe 11 including the mixer 13 and the pure water heater 11 including the pure water heater 10 is supplied to the reformer 15. The supplied cooling water passes residual heavy oil to the waste tank 33 via the heavy oil supply system discharge pipe 34, the pure water supply system discharge pipe 37, the discharge pipe 18, and the emergency discharge pipe 21, respectively. Discharge.

  Thus, by supplying and discharging the emergency cooling water into a plurality of systems, the entire system is cooled quickly, and in particular, the reformer 15 having a large volume and heavy oil remaining easily is made independent. Can be washed.

  In the present embodiment, the emergency cooling water supply tank 30, the emergency cooling water supply pipes 31A to 31C, and the emergency cooling water supply valves 32A to 32C correspond to the cleaning agent supply means of the present invention, and the emergency cooling water supply tank 30 Corresponds to the cleaning agent tank of the present invention, and the emergency cooling water supply pipe 31 corresponds to the cleaning agent supply path of the present invention. The discharge pipe 18, the emergency discharge pipe 21, the heavy oil supply system discharge pipe 34, and the pure water supply system discharge pipe 37 correspond to the discharge path for discharging the supplied cleaning agent according to the present invention.

  FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing the third embodiment of the heavy oil reforming apparatus according to the present invention (when power is shut off and power is lost). Also in FIG. 4, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 indicate the same components, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.

  In the present embodiment, the emergency cooling water supply and the remaining heavy oil are utilized by using an existing water tank without using the dedicated emergency cooling water supply tank as shown in the first and second embodiments. It was made to discharge.

  That is, the existing pure water tank 7 is installed at a position higher than all the systems of the heavy oil reformer 1, and the downstream side of the pure water tank 7 and the heavy oil valve 4 in the heavy oil pipeline 6 Are connected by an emergency cooling water supply pipe 40 provided with an emergency cooling water valve 41 which is opened when the power is cut off.

  Therefore, when the power supply is cut off and the pure water pump 8 cannot be driven, the cooling water is supplied from the pure water tank 7 to the heavy oil pipe 6 via the emergency cooling water supply pipe 40 using the water head pressure. (Pure water) can be supplied, and the heavy oil remaining in the heavy oil supply system, the mixing system, and the reforming system is discharged via the discharge pipe 18 and the emergency discharge pipe 21 to the waste tank 33. Can be discharged.

  In the present embodiment, when it is necessary to supply emergency cooling water to the pure water pipeline 11 to prevent the pure water heater 10 from being burned out, as shown in the first embodiment, the bypass pipe A heavy oil supply system cooling water valve 28 and a water supply system cooling water valve 29 are provided in the passage 27, and an emergency cooling water supply pipe 40 is connected between the heavy oil supply system cooling water valve 28 and the water supply system cooling water valve 29. Just do it. With this configuration, when the power is shut off, the heavy oil supply system cooling water valve 28 and the water supply system cooling water valve 29 are opened and emergency cooling water is supplied from the pure water tank 7 using the head pressure to the heavy oil pipeline. 6 and the pure water pipe 11 can be supplied.

  In the present embodiment, the pure water tank 7 and the emergency cooling water supply pipe 40 correspond to the cleaning agent supply means of the present invention.

  In each of the above embodiments, the emergency cooling water in the emergency cooling water supply tank 30 and the pure water in the pure water tank 7 have been described as the cleaning agent of the present invention. For example, a dedicated emergency cooling water supply tank In the first and second embodiments in which the liquid tank 30 is installed, a liquid or gaseous cleaning agent mixed with a corrosion inhibitor for preventing corrosion of pipes or the like is stored in the emergency cooling water supply tank 30 instead of water. Then, it may be supplied in an emergency.

  Furthermore, in each of the above-described embodiments, the cleaning agent is supplied by utilizing the water head pressure at a high position. For example, the cleaning agent is pressurized in the cleaning agent pressure vessel. The pressurized cleaning agent may be supplied to each system in which heavy oil remains through the above-described cleaning agent supply path when the power is shut off.

The circuit diagram at the time of normal operation which shows 1st Embodiment of the heavy oil reforming apparatus by this invention. The circuit diagram at the time of the power-off which shows 1st Embodiment of the heavy oil reforming apparatus by this invention. The circuit diagram at the time of the power interruption which shows 2nd Embodiment of the heavy oil reforming apparatus by this invention. The circuit diagram at the time of the power interruption which shows 3rd Embodiment of the heavy oil reforming apparatus by this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Heavy oil reformer, 2 ... Heavy oil tank, 5 ... Heavy oil heating device, 6 ... Heavy oil pipe line, 7 ... Pure water tank, 8 ... Pure water pump, 10 ... Pure water heater, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Pure water line, 12 ... Mixer, 13 ... Reformer preheater, 15 ... Reformer, 16 ... Reformed fuel pipe, 18 ... Release line, 21 ... Emergency discharge line, 27 ... Bypass line, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 30 ... Emergency cooling water supply tank 31, 31A, 31B, 31C ... Emergency cooling water supply piping, 34 ... Heavy oil supply system discharge pipe, 37 ... Pure water supply system discharge pipe, 40 ... Emergency cooling water supply pipe Road.

Claims (9)

  Heavy oil supply system for heating and heating heavy oil, water supply system for pressurizing and heating water, mixing system for mixing pressurized and heated heavy oil and water, and mixed heavy oil In a heavy oil reformer comprising a reforming system having a reformer that reacts water with water, a cleaning agent supplying means is provided for supplying a cleaning agent by pressure in the system when power is lost. A heavy oil reformer characterized in that a discharge passage for discharging the used cleaning agent is provided.   The cleaning agent supply means includes a cleaning agent tank at a higher position than each system, and when the power of the heavy oil supply system is lost, the cleaning agent supply path that communicates the heavy oil supply system and the cleaning agent tank. The heavy oil reformer according to claim 1, wherein   The heavy oil reforming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning agent supplying means is configured to supply the cleaning agent by pressure for each system.   The heavy oil reforming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the discharge paths are provided.   The cleaning agent supply means is a water tank installed at a higher position than each system and connected to the water supply system, and the water tank is connected to the heavy oil supply system via a cleaning agent supply path. The heavy oil reforming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:   The cleaning agent supply means has a cleaning agent pressure vessel in which a cleaning agent is sealed by applying pressure, and a cleaning agent supply path that communicates the heavy oil supply system and the cleaning agent pressure vessel when power is lost. The heavy oil reformer according to claim 1, wherein   The heavy oil reforming apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the cleaning agent supplying means is configured to supply the cleaning agent individually to each of the systems when power is lost. apparatus.   Heavy oil supply system for heating and heating heavy oil, water supply system for pressurizing and heating water, mixing system for mixing pressurized and heated heavy oil and water, and mixed heavy oil In a heavy oil reformer comprising a reforming system having a reformer that reacts water with water, an emergency cooling water supply tank is installed at a higher position than the system, and the emergency cooling water supply tank An emergency cooling water supply pipe for supplying cooling water to the heavy oil supply system and the water supply system is provided, a discharge path for discharging the supplied cleaning agent is provided, and a valve that opens when power is lost is provided in the emergency cooling water. A heavy oil reformer provided in a supply pipe and the discharge path.   Heavy oil supply system for heating and heating heavy oil, water supply system for pressurizing and heating water, mixing system for mixing pressurized and heated heavy oil and water, and mixed heavy oil In a heavy oil reformer comprising a reforming system having a reformer that reacts water with water, an emergency cooling water supply tank is installed at a higher position than the system, and the emergency cooling water supply tank A plurality of emergency cooling water supply pipes for supplying cooling water to the heavy oil supply system, the water supply system, and the reforming system are provided, and a plurality of discharge paths for discharging the supplied cleaning agent are provided. A heavy oil reforming apparatus, wherein a valve that opens when lost is provided in each of the emergency cooling water supply pipe and the discharge path.

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