JP2006212008A - Crop cultivation supporting device - Google Patents
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- JP2006212008A JP2006212008A JP2005056566A JP2005056566A JP2006212008A JP 2006212008 A JP2006212008 A JP 2006212008A JP 2005056566 A JP2005056566 A JP 2005056566A JP 2005056566 A JP2005056566 A JP 2005056566A JP 2006212008 A JP2006212008 A JP 2006212008A
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000002595 cold damage Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000021121 meiosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
この発明は、研究者、指導者から生産者まで現場で簡単に利活用できる作物の栽培支援装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a crop cultivation support device that can be easily used in the field from researchers, leaders to producers.
作物を栽培する場合、多くの管理作業が必要である。変動する気象条件を的確に、簡単に把握することにより迅速な対応がとれれば、収量向上、良品質化のほか省力化、低コスト化においても有利になる。しかし、対応が十分でないため発生する被害は毎年全国各地で多品目において発生している。しかるに、一般に提供される気象データは気象観測網によるデータを元にしており大ざっぱな情報となっている。生産者はむしろ自らの耕作地のピンポイントの雨量や温度などに基づいて病害虫の発生予測や作物の生育量・障害予測などを欲している。また、インターネットなどを利用して農家の端末からデータセンタにデータを登録・参照したりＥメールで通知するシステムも提案されてきたが、点在する耕作地に気軽に設置して測定データをその場で確認できるものではない。 When cultivating crops, a lot of management work is required. If a quick response can be obtained by accurately and easily grasping the changing weather conditions, it will be advantageous in terms of yield improvement, quality improvement, labor saving, and cost reduction. However, damage caused by insufficient response has occurred in many items throughout the country every year. However, generally provided weather data is based on data from a meteorological observation network and is rough information. Rather, producers want to predict the occurrence of pests, crop growth and damage based on the pinpoint rainfall and temperature of their cultivated land. In addition, a system has been proposed that uses the Internet to register and refer to data from the farm's terminal to the data center or notify by e-mail. It cannot be confirmed on the spot.
そこで、本発明は、使用者が簡単に利活用できる軽量で安価な作物の栽培支援装置を提供することを目的として次の点を解決しようとした。
（１）一つの装置でデータ収集、蓄積、解析判定、表示の一貫した動作をしなければならない。
（２）植物に最近接で設置できなければならない。
（３）データの収集・蓄積・解析を現地で即時行い具体的な集計値や予測値を表示しなければならない。Then, this invention tried to solve the following point for the purpose of providing the cultivation support apparatus of the lightweight and cheap crop which a user can utilize easily.
(1) A single device must perform consistent operations of data collection, storage, analysis determination, and display.
(2) It must be able to be installed closest to the plant.
(3) Data collection, storage, and analysis must be performed immediately on site, and specific aggregated values and predicted values must be displayed.
本発明は、上記の目的を達するために次の構成を設ける。請求項１においては、耕作地の栽培環境データを収集するセンサ部と、センサ部が収集したデータを格納する蓄積部と、作物別に作成された予測理論を格納する予測理論格納部と、蓄積部のデータと予測理論格納部の理論とを参照してデータを解析する解析判定部と、解析判定部が出した結果を表示する表示部とを一体化し屋外防水型のケースに格納する。外部にデータベースや解析用コンピュータは不要であり単体で一連の動作を完結する。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following configuration. In Claim 1, the sensor part which collects cultivation environment data of cultivated land, the storage part which stores the data which the sensor part collected, the prediction theory storage part which stores the prediction theory created for every crop, and the storage part The analysis determination unit that analyzes the data with reference to the theory of the prediction theory storage unit and the display unit that displays the results output by the analysis determination unit are integrated and stored in a waterproof case. There is no need for an external database or computer for analysis, and a series of operations are completed by itself.
請求項２においては、センサ部には温度センサ、濡れ時間感知センサ、雨量センサを装備することを特徴とする。
請求項３においては、蓄積部に蓄積されたデータを現時点より所定の期間さかのぼって集計し、期間中のデータを表示部にグラフ表示し又は図式表示し又は数値表示を行う。According to a second aspect of the present invention, the sensor unit is equipped with a temperature sensor, a wetting time detection sensor, and a rainfall sensor.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the data accumulated in the accumulation unit is totaled by going back a predetermined period from the present time, and the data during the period is displayed on the display unit in a graph, graphically or numerically.
請求項４においては、予測理論格納部は、生育予測、開花予測、施肥時期予測、収穫時期予測、冷害予測、病害感染予測、害虫発生時期予測をはじめとした作物栽培管理に関する各種予測理論に基づいたモデルを導入できる。 In claim 4, the prediction theory storage unit is based on various prediction theories relating to crop cultivation management including growth prediction, flowering prediction, fertilization time prediction, harvest time prediction, cold damage prediction, disease infection prediction, and pest occurrence time prediction. Model can be introduced.
請求項５においては、蓄積部は外部データ回収器へのデータ転送機能を有する。 According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the storage unit has a data transfer function to the external data collector.
本発明による実施例を図１、図２に基づいて説明する。図１は、本発明の構成図である。 An embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.
続いて、本発明の予測理論を稲作に適用する場合を例にとって説明する。 Next, the case where the prediction theory of the present invention is applied to rice cultivation will be described as an example.
稲作においては気象条件を早く正確に把握し適切な栽培管理を実施するために生産者等が圃場ごとに活用できる機材として本発明が利用される。稲作モデルの場合は、圃場の観測データからいもち病の感染予測、低温・日照不足時の冷害予測、追肥適期予測、収穫適期予測などを表示する。 In rice cultivation, the present invention is used as equipment that can be used by producers and the like for each field in order to grasp weather conditions quickly and accurately and implement appropriate cultivation management. In the case of the rice cultivation model, the forecast of blast disease, the prediction of cold damage when the temperature is low and the sun is insufficient, the prediction of the best season for topdressing, and the prediction of the best time for harvesting are displayed from the field observation data.
気象観測網による一般に提供される気象データは広域的な活用にとどまり、観測地点などの制約を強く受けきめ細かな情報とはなりにくい。生産者が圃場ごとに容易に活用できるものが強く要望されている。また、上記一般に提供される気象データの要素にも制約があり、葉いもちの感染予測などでは葉面の濡れ時間などは予測値を用いている。本発明は、濡れ時間を実測するセンサを装備する。また、いもち病菌などの葉面付着胞子の流亡条件、空中飛散胞子の減少に関係する雨量を観測するための雨量センサを備えている。これらの装備により局地的な特異性があっても設置地点の条件が解析でき、また圃場内の植物体にきわめて近い位置での測定ができるなどの点で従来より予測精度の向上が大幅に図れる。 Meteorological data generally provided by the meteorological observation network is used only in a wide area, and it is difficult to obtain detailed information due to restrictions such as observation points. There is a strong demand for producers that can be easily used for each field. In addition, there are restrictions on the elements of the weather data provided in general, and in the prediction of leaf blast infection, the predicted value is used for the leaf wetting time. The present invention is equipped with a sensor that measures the wet time. It also has a rain sensor for observing the rainfall related to the loss of leaf-spore-attached spores such as blast fungus and the reduction of airborne spores. With these equipment, it is possible to analyze the conditions of the installation site even if there is local specificity, and the accuracy of prediction can be greatly improved compared to the conventional system in that it can measure at a position very close to the plant body in the field. I can plan.
次に、いもち病感染予測を例に本発明の動作を説明する。温度センサ、濡れ時間感知センサ、雨量センサのデータにより、前５日間の平均気温、湿潤時平均気温、感染に有効な濡れ時間の実測値を求め感染条件を予測する。 Next, the operation of the present invention will be described by taking blast infection prediction as an example. Based on the data of the temperature sensor, the wetting time detection sensor, and the rainfall sensor, the actual temperature of the previous five days, the wet average temperature, and the actually measured wet time effective for infection are obtained to predict the infection condition.
次に、出穂期予測、冷害予測および追肥適期予測を例に本発明の動作を説明する。温度センサおよび日照時間センサのデータにより、気温データと緯度から算出される日長時間を基にＤＶＲ（発育速度）を算出しこれを積算したＤＶＩ（発育指数）を求め、１となる日を出穂期として予測する。この生育予測式を用いることで水稲の冷害発生上重要なポイントとなる育成時期（幼穂形成期、減数分裂期、出穂期）を推定し、さらに圃場気温の推移を加味することで幼穂保護のための深水管理などの冷害回避技術を表示する。そして、出穂予測期を基点として追肥適期日を推定し表示する。図２は、冷害予測を表示した図である。 Next, the operation of the present invention will be described with an example of heading season prediction, cold damage prediction and topdressing appropriate time prediction. Calculate DVR (growth rate) based on temperature data and daylight duration calculated from temperature data and latitude based on temperature sensor and sunshine duration sensor data, and calculate DVI (growth index), which is integrated to calculate the heading day. Predict as the period. By using this growth prediction formula, we estimate the growing season (early ear formation stage, meiosis stage, heading stage), which is an important point in the occurrence of cold damage in paddy rice, and further consider the transition of the field temperature to protect the young ear Display cold damage avoidance technologies such as deep water management. Then, an appropriate date for topdressing is estimated and displayed based on the heading prediction period. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cold damage prediction.
次に、収穫期予測については、出穂期を起点として各地の品種ごとの収穫適期までの積算値が概ね調べられているのでこの値をもとに各地の収穫適期を推定し表示する。 Next, with regard to the forecast of the harvest period, since the heading period is the starting point, the integrated value up to the appropriate harvest period for each variety of each region is generally examined. Based on this value, the appropriate harvest time for each region is estimated and displayed.
以上、稲作を例に本発明の実施例を示したが，この実施形態にのみ本発明の範囲を限定するものでないことは言うまでもない。地域はもとより稲作以外の野菜栽培・果樹栽培・花キ栽培・芝管理などにおいても本発明は有効に機能する。また、商用電源がない圃場においては、バッテリや太陽光発電パネルなどを用いてもよいし、外部へのデータ回収に無線ＬＡＮやＰＨＳなどを利用してもよい。
栽培環境を把握するためには、温度計、湿度計などの計器による計測値のみで判断するか、観測機とコンピュータやネットワークなどの多くの機材を接続して使用せざるをえないのが現状である。特定の時期からその時点まで集計値が複雑な操作をせずに簡単に見られれば、生産現場ではその後の管理作業に大いに役立つ。
請求項３に示すように、作目を問わず圃場や施設内の温度管理，湿度管理，散水管理，日照量コントロール、病害虫防除、ほか様々な管理作業に幅広く活用できるように温度，湿度、日照時間、降雨量，濡れ時間など、操作時点から前３日間、前０〜１０日間、前１０〜２０日間、前２０〜３０日間の平均値などの各種集計値を表示する。その数値表示、グラフ表示によって圃場や施設内の温度管理，湿度管理，散水管理，日照量コントロール、病害虫防除、ほか様々な管理作業を判断する上で、きわめて有用となる。As mentioned above, although the Example of this invention was shown for the example of rice cultivation, it cannot be overemphasized that the scope of the present invention is not limited only to this embodiment. The present invention functions effectively not only in regions but also in vegetable cultivation, fruit tree cultivation, flower cultivation, turf management, and the like other than rice cultivation. Further, in a farm field without a commercial power source, a battery, a solar power generation panel, or the like may be used, or a wireless LAN or PHS may be used for data collection to the outside.
In order to grasp the cultivation environment, the current situation is that it is necessary to make judgments based only on the measured values of thermometers and hygrometers, or to connect many devices such as computers and networks. It is. If the total value can be easily seen without complicated operations from a specific time to that time, it will be very useful for subsequent management work at the production site.
As shown in claim 3, temperature, humidity, and sunshine so that it can be widely used for temperature management, humidity management, watering management, sunshine control, pest control, and other various management work regardless of crops. Various aggregated values such as the average value of the previous 3 days, the previous 0 to 10 days, the previous 10 to 20 days, and the previous 20 to 30 days such as time, rainfall amount, and wet time are displayed. The numerical display and graph display are extremely useful in determining temperature management, humidity management, watering management, sunlight control, pest control, and various other management operations in the field and facilities.
本発明によれば、研究者、指導者をはじめ生産者が簡単に栽培環境の情報を的確に把握できる軽量で安価な作物の栽培支援装置を実現できる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a lightweight and inexpensive cultivation support device for crops that enables researchers, leaders, and other producers to easily and accurately grasp information on the cultivation environment.
１ 栽培支援装置 1 cultivation support device
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| KR101316611B1 (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2013-10-15 | 대한민국 | Method for alarmming paer sucker ontogeny |
| KR101316703B1 (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2013-10-15 | 대한민국 | Method for alarming of paer mealybug ontogeny |
| JP2014076060A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-05-01 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | Environment management apparatus and program |
| JP2014193174A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-10-09 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | Plant management device and program |
| KR101546321B1 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2015-08-25 | 주식회사 엘시스 | Computer-readable recording medium having vivo analysis program using dynamic formulas and method thereof |
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| JP2017163956A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2017-09-21 | 国立大学法人名古屋大学 | Prediction method, prediction program, and prediction apparatus |
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