JP2006205418A - Extruder and breaker plate - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an extruder capable of contracting the irregularity of the flow velocity distribution of a material to be extruded. <P>SOLUTION: In the extruder which includes a cylinder barrel 10 into which a molten rubber is supplied, the screw 20 driven in the cylinder barrel 10 and extruding the rubber supplied into the cylinder barrel 10 toward one end of the cylinder barrel 10, the strainer 50 provided to one end side of the cylinder barrel 10 and the cooling plate 61 arranged to the strainer 50 in a laminated state and equipped with a breaker plate 60 having a plurality of through-holes 60h formed thereto, a distribution plate 63 smaller than the cooling plate 61 is arranged in opposed relation to the strainer 50 and the through-hole 60h on the central side of the breaker plate 60 is deeper than the through-hole 60h on the outer peripheral side of the breaker plate 60. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an extruder for extruding a material such as molten rubber and a breaker plate provided in the extruder.

  A breaker plate that supports a strainer for filtering a material (extruded material) against the pressure of the material is known (for example, Patent Document 1). Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-228561 discloses a technique in which a cooling water flow path is provided inside a cooling plate (breaker plate) arranged to face the material outflow side of the strainer so that the material that has passed through the strainer can be cooled.

Although it is not a technology related to the breaker plate, in the screw extruder used for plastic processing, in order to make the flow velocity distribution and temperature distribution in the die uniform, a recess is formed in the center of the current plate arranged in front of the die. The technique to provide is known (refer patent document 2).
JP 2004-9714 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No.59-68927

  The flow velocity distribution of the material in the vicinity of the breaker plate becomes nonuniform in the radial direction of the cylinder barrel due to various acting forces acting on the material such as viscous frictional resistance on the cylinder barrel side wall and pressure resistance from the breaker plate. If the flow velocity distribution is not uniform, various inconveniences occur. For example, when the flow velocity difference is large, a large load is applied to the strainer at a position where the flow velocity is large, and the strainer may be damaged. Moreover, when cooling with a breaker plate like the extruder of patent document 1, the material which passes the outer peripheral side with a slow flow velocity will be cooled rather than the material which passes the center side, and dispersion | variation in a heat history will be carried out. Furthermore, since the material passing through the outer peripheral side is cooled and becomes higher in viscosity than the material passing through the central side, the flow rate difference is increased.

  The objective of this invention is providing the extruder and breaker plate which can reduce the dispersion | variation in the flow velocity distribution of a to-be-extruded material.

  The extruder according to the present invention includes a cylinder barrel into which a material to be extruded is supplied, and an extrusion that is driven inside the cylinder barrel and pushes the material to be extruded supplied into the cylinder barrel to one end side of the cylinder barrel. Means, a strainer provided on the one end side of the cylinder barrel, and a plate arranged in a stacked manner with respect to the strainer, and a plurality of extruded material passage holes by a plurality of through holes penetrating the plate. The breaker plate is formed such that the center material-extruded material passage hole among the plurality of material-extruded material passage holes is deeper than the outer material-extruded material passage hole. In the range where the plurality of extruded material passage holes are provided, the center side is configured to be thicker than the outer peripheral side.

  Preferably, the breaker plate includes a cooling plate configured as the stacked plate and disposed on the extruding material outflow side of the strainer and capable of cooling the extruding material that has passed through the strainer. Prepare.

  Preferably, a cooling passage through which a coolant passes is provided inside the cooling plate.

  Preferably, the breaker plate includes a first plate configured as the stacked plate, and a second plate disposed on the opposite side of the first plate from the strainer. The second plate is formed in an area smaller than the arrangement region of the plurality of through holes of the first plate, and is disposed on the center side of the region, and the plurality of the second plate The through hole is continuous with a part of the through holes on the center side among the plurality of through holes of the first plate.

  Preferably, the breaker plate includes a first plate configured as the stacked plate, and a second plate disposed on the opposite side of the first plate from the strainer. , And the second plate is formed in a protruding shape on the opposite side to the first plate.

  Preferably, the plurality of through holes of the first plate are arranged at regular intervals, and the second plate is formed by screw means inserted into any of the plurality of through holes of the first plate. It is fixed to the first plate.

  Preferably, the breaker plate includes a front plate arranged on the intrusion material inflow side of the strainer, which is configured as the stacked plate, and the front plate includes the plurality of extrusion materials. In the range in which the plurality of extruded material passage holes are provided, the central material range is thicker than the outer peripheral range in the range in which the through holes are provided. .

  Preferably, the cylinder barrel is continuous with the cylinder main body portion having a constant cross-sectional area of the internal space and the cylinder main body portion, and the cross-sectional area of the internal space increases from the cylinder main body portion toward the strainer side. And the plurality of extruded material passage holes are provided over a range wider than the cross section of the internal space of the cylinder main body, and the breaker plate is included in the cross section of the internal space of the cylinder main body. A step is provided on at least one of the inflow surface and the outflow surface of the extruded material, and the center of the plurality of extruded material passage holes. The extruded material passage hole on the side is configured to be deeper than the extruded material passage hole on the outer peripheral side.

  The breaker plate of the present invention is a breaker plate having a plate arranged in a stack with respect to a strainer, and having a plurality of extruded material passage holes formed by a plurality of through holes penetrating the plate. Among the plurality of extruded material passage holes, the central side in the range where the plurality of extruded material passage holes are provided such that the central extruded material passage hole is deeper than the outer circumferential extruded material passage hole. It is thicker than the outer peripheral side.

  Preferably, the cylinder barrel includes a cylinder main body portion having a constant cross-sectional area of an internal space, and a screw that is inserted into the cylinder main body portion and can extrude the material to be extruded by rotation with respect to the cylinder main body portion. The screw has a shaft portion and a flight portion arranged in a spiral shape with respect to the shaft portion, and the extruded material passage hole has a cross-sectional area through which the extruded material can pass through the breaker plate. , And set to be larger than an area obtained by dividing the cross-sectional area of the shaft portion from the cross-sectional area of the internal space of the cylinder body portion.

  In addition, in order to make an understanding easy, the code | symbol of a claim attaches | subjects the code | symbol of embodiment of this invention, and does not limit the structure of this invention.

  According to the present invention, variation in the flow velocity distribution of the material to be extruded can be reduced.

First Embodiment FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the overall configuration of an extruder 1 according to a first embodiment to which the present invention is applied. The extruder 1 is configured, for example, as a device that extrudes rubber (dough) as a material to be extruded and removes foreign substances from the flowing rubber, and is used in a so-called strainer process. The strainer process using the extruder 1 is, for example, between a kneading process in which a filler is added to rubber and kneaded and an intrusion process in which a crosslinking agent or an accelerator is added to rubber and kneaded. Done after.

  The extruder 1 includes a cylinder barrel 10 into which rubber is supplied, a screw 20 as an extruding means for extruding rubber inside the cylinder barrel 10, a drive unit 30 that rotationally drives the screw 20, and one end side of the cylinder barrel 10. The strainer 50 and the breaker plate 60, the coolant supply unit 70 that supplies the coolant to the breaker plate 60, and the controller 80 that controls the operation of the drive unit 30 and the coolant supply unit 70 are provided. .

  The cylinder barrel 10 has a cylinder main body 11 having a constant cross-sectional area of the internal space, and a head portion having an internal space of a predetermined shape that is continuous to the strainer 50 side of the cylinder main body 11 and regulates extrusion pressure and rubber discharge amount. 12.

  The cylinder body 11 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a supply port for supplying rubber is provided on a side portion. For example, a hopper 15 is connected to the supply port. The screw 20 includes a shaft portion 20 a and a flight portion 20 b that protrudes spirally around the shaft portion 20 a, and is inserted into the cylinder barrel 10 and can be rotated within the cylinder body 11. The drive unit 30 includes, for example, a motor, and can be driven to rotate at an appropriate rotational speed by being controlled by the control device 80.

  FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the head unit 12. The head portion 12 is formed so that its internal space continues to the internal space of the cylinder body 11 and the cross-sectional area increases from the cylinder body 11 toward the breaker plate 60. Specifically, the internal space of the head portion 12 is formed in a circular shape in cross section, the joint portion with the cylinder body 11 is set to the same inner diameter as the inner diameter of the cylinder body 11, and the diameter gradually increases toward the breaker plate 60 side. is doing.

  The strainer 50 is formed in a thin plate shape having a mesh for filtering rubber. For example, the strainer 50 is formed by stacking a plurality of metal meshes having different mesh sizes and shapes. The strainer 50 is formed to have a slightly larger size than the cross section of the internal space of the head portion 12 on the strainer 50 side.

  The breaker plate 60 includes a cooling plate (first plate) 61 disposed to face the rubber outflow side of the strainer 50, a front plate 62 disposed to face the rubber inflow side of the strainer 50, and the rubber outflow side of the cooling plate 61. And a distribution plate (second plate) 63 disposed opposite to each other. The breaker plate 60 holds the strainer by sandwiching the strainer 50 between the cooling plate 61 and the front plate 62.

  The breaker plate 60 is provided with a plurality of through holes (extruded material passage holes) 60h penetrating the breaker plate 60 from an inflow surface 60i through which rubber flows in to an outflow surface 60o through which rubber flows out. The through hole 60 h is formed by connecting through holes that pass through a cooling plate 61, a front plate 62, and a distribution plate 63, which will be described later, and is disposed in a wider range than the cross section of the internal space of the cylinder body 11.

  The opening area of the through hole 60h is desirably relatively large from the viewpoint of improving production efficiency. Specifically, the opening area of the through hole 60h (cross-sectional area through which the material to be extruded can pass through the breaker plate) is S1, and the cross-sectional area of the shaft portion 20a of the screw 20 is divided from the cross-sectional area of the internal space of the cylinder body 11. When the area (cross-sectional area through which the material to be extruded can pass through the cylinder body) is S2, and the aperture ratio is S1 / S2, it is desirable that the aperture ratio be set to be larger than 1.0.

  When the opening ratio is larger than 1.0, the material to be extruded passes through the through hole 60h at a pressure lower than the pressure when moving in the cylinder body 11, and the strainer 50 is moved from the material to be extruded. The pressure received is reduced. In other words, in general, it is desirable to increase the discharge amount of the breaker plate within a range where the strainer is not damaged in order to increase the production efficiency. However, by increasing the opening ratio above 1.0, the strainer burden can be reduced. The rotational speed of 20 can be made relatively high, and the discharge amount can be increased. However, if the aperture ratio is excessively increased, inconveniences such as a decrease in the strength of the breaker plate occur. For example, the aperture ratio is set to 1.0 to 1.5, and more specifically, the aperture ratio is set to about 1.3. It is desirable to do.

  The cooling plate 61 and the front plate 62 may be fixed to each other, and the cooling plate 61 and the front plate 62 may be fixed to the head portion 12 by an appropriate method. For example, the cooling plate 61 is provided with a recess in which the front plate 62 is fitted, and the cooling plate 61 is fixed to the head portion 12 while the front plate 62 is sandwiched between the recess and the head portion 12. And the front plate 62 may be fixed, or the cooling plate 61 and the front plate 62 may be fixed by fixing means such as screws. The cooling plate 61 and the head part 12 may be fixed by the clamping tool 81 (see FIG. 5B), or the cooling plate 61 may be fixed to the head part 12 by screws.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the coolant supply unit 70 supplies coolant to the cooling passage 61d at a predetermined pressure so that the coolant flows into a cooling passage 61d of a cooling plate 61 described later. The coolant supply unit 70 is provided in, for example, the upstream passage 72 connected to the upstream side of the cooling passage 61d, the downstream passage 73 connected to the downstream side of the cooling passage 61d, and the downstream passage 73. And a pump 71 for adjusting the flow rate and pressure of the material. The upstream passage 72 and the downstream passage 73 are connected to a coolant supply source. The coolant supply source is, for example, a pipe 74 through which coolant flows at a predetermined pressure, and the upstream passage 72 is connected to the upstream side of the downstream passage 73. The coolant may be any material as long as it is lower than the temperature of the rubber in the cylinder barrel 10. For example, water (cooling water) having a temperature lower than that of the rubber in the cylinder barrel 10 may be used.

  The basic operation of the extruder having the above schematic configuration will be described.

  The control device 80 drives and controls the drive unit 30 so as to rotate the screw 20 at a predetermined target rotational speed. Then, the rubber (dough) kneaded through the hopper 15 is supplied to the cylinder body 11. The rubber supplied to the cylinder body 11 flows through the cylinder body 11 by the flight 20b of the screw 20 toward the head portion 12 side and flows. The rubber pushed out toward the head portion 12 is further pushed out toward the breaker plate 60. At this time, since the inner space of the head portion 12 is expanded, the rubber is pushed toward the breaker plate 60 while expanding the pressure while reducing the pressure. And while passing through the through-hole 60h of the breaker plate 60, it passes through the strainer 50 and is filtered. The breaker plate 60 also has an effect of rectifying rubber to be filtered.

  The temperature of the rubber supplied from the hopper 15 rises when the rubber moves in the cylinder barrel 10. The temperature rises as the rotational speed of the screw 20 is higher, that is, as the discharge amount is larger. In addition, it is thought that the temperature rise of rubber | gum is because rubber | gum receives heat repeatedly from a flight and generate | occur | produces heat. When the temperature is higher than a predetermined value, problems such as a rubber cross-linking reaction (scorch) occur. Therefore, the extruder 1 cools the rubber by the cooling plate 61. Specifically, the following operation is performed.

  The control device 80 starts control of the pump 71 at an appropriate time so that the coolant flows through the cooling plate 61 at a predetermined flow rate, for example, almost simultaneously with the start of driving of the drive unit 30 described above. As a result, the rubber passing through the through hole 60 h of the breaker plate 60 is cooled by the cooling plate 61 after passing through the strainer 50.

  The cooling of the rubber by the extruder 1 is based on various conditions relating to the extruder 1 such as the temperature of the rubber depending on the conditions based on the various materials such as the material of the rubber supplied to the cylinder barrel 10 and the number of strainers 50. This is performed so as to be maintained at a predetermined target value. For example, the control device 80 controls the extruder 1 so that at least one of the temperature inside the cylinder barrel 10, the screw rotation speed, the coolant temperature, and the coolant flow rate is maintained at the target value. Accordingly, although the illustration of the extruder 1 is omitted, the sensor for detecting the temperature of the cylinder barrel 10, the sensor for detecting the rotational speed of the drive unit 30, the sensor for detecting the temperature of the coolant, and the flow rate of the coolant are set. It may include at least one of various sensors such as a sensor to be detected, and control various control objects based on these detection values. In addition to the drive unit 30 and the pump 71, the control target may include a temperature adjusting unit that adjusts the temperature of the coolant and a temperature adjusting unit that adjusts the temperature of the cylinder barrel 10.

Details of the breaker plate will be described below.
3 is a diagram showing details of the cooling plate 61, FIG. 3A is a front view, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

  The cooling plate 61 is formed in a substantially disc shape, and is provided with a material passage portion 61a for allowing the material to pass therethrough and an outer peripheral portion 61b provided on the outer peripheral side thereof and used for fixing the cooling plate 61 to the head portion 12 and the like. And have. The material passage portion 61a is formed in a flat shape with both an inflow surface 61i through which rubber flows in and an outflow surface 61o through which rubber flows out, and has a constant thickness. A plurality of through holes 61h through which rubber passes are formed in the material passage portion 61a. The through hole 61h forms an outflow side portion or an intermediate portion of the through hole 60h of the breaker plate 60.

  The size, shape, and arrangement of the through holes 61h may be appropriately set according to various conditions such as the material of the material to be extruded that is the target of the extruder 1. For example, in FIG. 3, each through-hole 61h is formed in a circular cross section, and is formed so as to penetrate the material passage portion 61a with a substantially constant cross-sectional area. The plurality of through holes 61h have the same cross-sectional area, and are formed in parallel to each other so as to extend in the axial direction of the cylinder barrel 10. The plurality of through holes 61h are disposed so as to be substantially circular as a whole, and the plurality of through holes 61h are arranged so as to be aligned vertically and horizontally.

  The cooling plate 61 is provided with a cooling passage 61d through which the coolant passes. The size, shape, and arrangement of the cooling passage 61d may be appropriately set according to various conditions such as a required cooling effect. For example, in FIG. 3, the cooling passage 61d includes an inflow side passage 61e connected to the upstream side passage 72 (see FIG. 1), an outflow side passage 61f connected to the downstream side passage 73 (see FIG. 1), an inflow A plurality of inter-through-hole passages 61g communicating with the side passage 61e and the outflow side passage 61f are provided.

  The inflow side passage 61e and the outflow side passage 61f are provided so as to sandwich a region where the through hole 61h is arranged in a plan view, and the inter through hole passage 61g is arranged between the through holes 61h. The inflow side passage 61e and the outflow side passage 61f are each formed in an arc shape, and have a larger cross-sectional area than the through-hole passage 61g. The through-hole passage 61g is formed as a linear passage that passes between rows of through-holes arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions. Further, the plurality of through-hole passages 61g are also arranged in parallel in the thickness direction of the cooling plate 61 (two in FIG. 3B).

  The coolant is supplied to the inflow side passage 61e by the coolant supply unit 70 (see FIG. 1), and the coolant is discharged from the outflow side passage 61f, whereby the coolant flows into the through-hole passage 61g, and the strainer 50 is The rubber after passing is cooled.

  4A and 4B are diagrams showing details of the front plate 62. FIG. 4A is a view as seen from the rubber inflow side (rear view), and FIG. 4B is a line III-III in FIG. 4A. FIG. 4C is a view (front view) viewed from the rubber outflow side.

  The front plate 62 is formed in a substantially disc shape, and is provided with a material passage portion 62a for allowing the material to pass therethrough and an outer peripheral portion 62b provided on the outer peripheral side thereof and used for fixing the front plate 62 to the head portion 12 and the like. And have. A plurality of through holes 62h through which rubber passes are formed in the material passage portion 62a. The through hole 62 h forms an inflow side portion of the through hole 60 h of the breaker plate 60.

  The material passage portion 62a is formed in a projecting shape so that the central through hole 62h is deeper than the outer peripheral through hole 62h. Specifically, the material passage portion 62a is formed in a spherical shape so that the inflow surface 62i into which rubber flows in protrudes toward the rubber inflow side (cylinder body 11 side) toward the center, and the outflow surface 62o through which rubber flows out. Is formed in a planar shape, and is formed to be thicker toward the center side.

  The size, shape, and arrangement of the through-hole 62h may be appropriately set according to various conditions such as the material of the material to be extruded that is the target of the extruder 1. However, the through hole 62 h is arranged coaxially with the through hole 61 h of the cooling plate 61. Therefore, in FIG. 4, like the through hole 61 h in FIG. 3, the plurality of through holes 62 h are arranged so as to be substantially circular as a whole, and the plurality of through holes 62 h are arranged to be aligned vertically and horizontally. Yes.

  Each through-hole 62h is formed in a circular cross section and extends while gradually reducing the diameter from the inflow side to the outflow side. On the outflow side, the cross-sectional area is constant with the same diameter as the through-hole 61h of the cooling plate 61. . As a result, the flow of rubber flowing into the through hole 62h and flowing out of the through hole 61h is rectified, and unnecessary rubber resistance is reduced. Note that the through-hole 62h may have a constant cross-sectional area without being tapered.

  FIG. 5 is a view showing a state in which the distribution plate 63 is attached to the cooling plate 61, FIG. 5 (a) is a view (front view) seen from the rubber outflow side, and FIG. It is sectional drawing in the IV-IV line of a).

  The distribution plate 63 is formed narrower than the material passage portion 61a of the cooling plate 61, and is disposed on the center side of the material passage portion 61a. A plurality of through holes arranged coaxially with the through holes 61 h of the cooling plate 61 are provided on substantially the entire surface. Accordingly, on the rubber outflow side of the strainer 50, as a through-hole through which rubber passes, a through-hole formed by connecting the through-hole 61h of the cooling plate 61 and the through-hole 63h of the distribution plate 63 and a through-hole positioned around the through-hole are formed. The hole 61h is arranged.

  Specifically, the distribution plate 63 is formed to be substantially equal to the cross section of the internal space of the cylinder body 11, or smaller than the cross section, or equal to the cross section of the shaft portion 20 a of the screw 20. Therefore, the distribution plate 63 provides a step on the outflow surface 60o of the breaker plate between a range included in the cross section of the internal space of the cylinder body 11 and a range on the outer peripheral side of the cross section.

  The distribution plate 63 is formed in a protruding shape so that the central through hole 63h is deeper than the outer peripheral through hole 63h. Specifically, the distribution plate 63 is formed in a spherical shape so that the inflow surface 63i into which rubber flows is formed in a flat shape, and the outflow surface 63o through which rubber flows out protrudes toward the rubber outflow side toward the center side. It is formed to be thicker toward the center side.

  The size, shape, and arrangement of the through-hole 63h may be appropriately set according to various conditions such as the material of the material to be extruded that is the target of the extruder 1. For example, the through-hole 63h has the same cross-sectional shape and cross-sectional area as the through-hole 61h of the cooling plate 61, and penetrates the distribution plate 63 with a constant cross-sectional area. The distribution plate 63 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from the front, and the direction of the edge of the rectangle and the arrangement direction of the through holes 63h are the same direction. This prevents the through-hole 61h from being blocked by the rectangular edge.

  The distribution plate 63 is fixed to the cooling plate 61 by bolts 82 and nuts 83. Among the positions where the plurality of through holes 63h of the distribution plate 63 are to be arranged, through holes 63a for inserting bolts 82 are provided instead of the through holes 63h at predetermined positions. The predetermined positions are, for example, the positions of the four corners of a rectangular distribution plate. The outflow surface 63o of the distribution plate 63 is formed to be parallel to the inflow surface 63i around the through hole 63a. The bolt 82 is inserted from the inflow surface 61i side of the cooling plate 61 into the through hole 61h of the cooling plate 61 disposed coaxially with the through hole 63a, and protrudes from the through hole 63a. Then, the bolt 82 and the nut 83 are screwed together on the outflow side of the distribution plate 63.

  The through hole 63a through which the screw is inserted may have an appropriate size according to various conditions such as the size of the bolt 82 and the nut 83. For example, in FIG. 5, the bolt 82 and the nut 83 are made relatively small by being formed smaller than the through-hole 63h through which rubber passes, so that the nut 83 does not block the surrounding through-hole 63h. The through hole 63h may be used as a through hole for inserting the bolt 82 as it is.

  According to the first embodiment described above, since the through hole 60h of the breaker plate 60 is formed deeper at the center side than at the outer periphery side, the depth of the through hole 60h on the center side is set to the outer periphery side. The resistance of the central through hole 60h can be increased, the speed of the rubber passing through the central through hole 60h is reduced, and the radial direction of the breaker plate 60 can be reduced. The variation in the velocity distribution at can be reduced. In addition, the variation in the radial direction of the cooling effect of the rubber by the cooling plate 61 is thereby reduced, and the heat history is made uniform.

  By providing the distribution plate 63, the central through hole 60h is made deeper than the outer peripheral through hole 60h. Therefore, without changing the design of the cooling plate 61, the central through hole 60h can be easily formed on the outer peripheral side. It can be deeper than the through-hole 60h, and the depth can be easily adjusted appropriately according to changes in various conditions such as the material of the material to be extruded. By forming the distribution plate 63 in a projecting shape, the central through hole 60h can be deeper than the outer peripheral side through hole 60h even within the range where the distribution plate 63 is disposed.

  Since the front plate 62 protrudes toward the inflow side, in addition to reducing the variation in speed distribution by making the through hole 60h on the central side deeper than the through hole 60h on the outer peripheral side, the cylinder is formed by the inflow surface 60i (62i). The flow of the material to be extruded can be rectified from the main body 11 to the through hole 60h on the outer peripheral side, and the variation in the speed distribution is further reduced.

Second Embodiment An extruder according to the second embodiment has a breaker plate provided on one end side of the cylinder barrel 10, the screw 20, and the cylinder barrel 10 in the same manner as the extruder according to the first embodiment. However, the configuration of the breaker plate is different from that of the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a breaker plate 90 of the extruder according to the second embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol as 1st Embodiment is attached | subjected about the component same as 1st Embodiment.

  The breaker plate 90 includes a cooling plate 61 and a front plate 91 facing each other so as to sandwich the strainer 50, and a through hole 90h that penetrates the breaker plate 90 from an inflow surface 90i through which rubber flows in to an outflow surface 90o through which rubber flows out. Are provided. The breaker plate 90 does not include the distribution plate 63, and the through hole 90 h is formed by connecting the through hole 61 h of the cooling plate 61 and the through hole 61 h of the front plate 91.

  A heat insulating material 92 is provided between the head unit 12 and the cooling plate 61. Thereby, the temperature fall of the cylinder barrel 10 by the cooling plate 61 is suppressed. As the heat insulating material, for example, rubber or resin having a higher melting temperature than the material to be extruded may be used.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing details of the front plate 91, FIG. 7 (a) is a view as seen from the rubber inflow side (rear view), and FIG. 7 (b) is a view taken along the line V-V in FIG. It is sectional drawing.

  The front plate 91 is formed in a substantially disk shape, and is provided with a material passage portion 91a for allowing the material to pass therethrough, and an outer peripheral portion 91b provided on the outer peripheral side thereof and used for fixing the front plate 91 to the head portion 12 and the like. And have. A plurality of through holes 91h are formed in the material passage portion 91a.

  The material passage portion 91a is formed in a protruding shape so that the central through hole 91h is deeper than the outer peripheral through hole 91h. Specifically, the outflow surface 91o of the material passage portion 62a is formed in a flat shape, while a step is provided on the inflow surface 91i side of the material passage portion 62a so that the center side is higher than the outer peripheral side. The material passage part 62a has a thick part 91c and a thin part 91d thinner than the thick part 91c.

  The thick portion 91c is formed substantially equal to the cross section of the cylinder body 11. In other words, the step is provided between a range included in the cross section of the internal space of the cylinder body 11 and a range on the outer peripheral side of the cross section.

  The thick portion 91c and the thin portion 91d are each formed with a substantially constant thickness. However, the chamfered portion 91e is formed on the outer peripheral side of the thick portion 91c with a width corresponding to one row of the through holes 91h. Note that chamfering is not necessary.

  The size, shape, and arrangement of the through hole 91h may be appropriately set according to various conditions such as the material of the material to be extruded that is the target of the extruder. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, in order to reduce the flow rate difference, the rubber may flow more easily toward the outer peripheral side. Specifically, it is as follows.

  The plurality of through holes 91h are formed in a predetermined direction (for example, up and down) among a through hole 91j disposed in a range where the thick portion 91c is not chamfered, a through hole 91k disposed in the chamfered portion 91e, and a thin portion 91d. In the direction) and a through hole 91m arranged in a region facing in a direction orthogonal to the predetermined direction.

  The through hole 91j is disposed coaxially with the through hole 61h of the cooling plate 61. The through-hole 91j is formed in a circular cross section and extends while gradually reducing the diameter from the inflow side to the outflow side, and has a constant cross-sectional area with a diameter equal to or smaller than the through-hole 61h of the cooling plate 61 on the outflow side. .

  The through hole 91k is formed in a shape and size substantially the same as the through hole 91j. However, since the inflow surface 91i is chamfered, the tapered portion is shallower than the through hole 91k, and the opening area on the outflow surface 91i side is smaller than the opening area of the through hole 91k.

  The cross section of the through hole 91l is formed in an oval shape so as to extend over the plurality of through holes 61h on the outer peripheral side of the cooling plate 61. Specifically, the major axis of the ellipse of the through hole 91l is set to a length corresponding to approximately a plurality of the through holes 61h, and the minor axis is set to a length corresponding to approximately one of the through holes 61h. Has been. The through-hole 91l extends while gradually reducing the diameter from the inflow side to the outflow side, and has a constant cross-sectional area on the outflow side. The length in the minor axis direction is larger than the diameter of the through hole 61h of the cooling plate 61 on the outflow surface 91o side, and larger than the diameter of the through hole 91k on the inflow surface 91i side on the inflow surface 91i side.

  The through hole 91m is disposed coaxially with the through hole 61h of the cooling plate 61. The through hole 91m is formed in a circular cross section and extends while gradually reducing the diameter from the inflow side to the outflow side, and has a constant cross-sectional area on the outflow side. The diameter of the through hole 91m is larger than the diameter of the through hole 61h of the cooling plate 61 on the outflow surface 91o side, and larger than the diameter of the through hole 91k on the inflow surface 91i side on the inflow surface 91i side.

  According to the second embodiment, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

Examples of the extruder according to the first embodiment will be described. Various setting values are shown in Table 1.

  The arrangement of the through holes 60h of the breaker plate 60 and the through holes 63h of the distribution plate 63 is the same as in FIG. That is, the through holes 60h are arranged vertically and horizontally (10 × 14) and are arranged in a circular shape as a whole, and there are 108 arrangement positions in total. Four of them are used for fixing the distribution plate 63, and 104 through holes 60h are provided. The through holes 63h are arranged vertically and horizontally (6 × 8), and are arranged in a rectangular shape as a whole, and there are 48 arrangement positions in total. Four of them are used for fixing the distribution plate 63, and 44 through holes 63h are provided. The through hole 60h includes a tapered portion, but Table 1 shows the minimum value. Specifically, the diameter of the through hole 61h of the cooling plate 61 on the strainer 50 side is shown.

  FIG. 8 shows the radial distribution of the discharge amount and the dough temperature on the outflow surface 60o of the breaker plate 60 when rubber (dough) is extruded by the extruder of this embodiment. The horizontal axis of FIG. 8 indicates the radial position (mm), and the vertical axis indicates the discharge rate (kg / h) per unit time and the fabric temperature (° C.) from one through hole 60h. . In FIG. 8, the solid line L1 indicates the discharge amount in the example of the first embodiment, the solid line L2 indicates the discharge amount when the distribution plate 63 is removed from the example, and the dotted line L3 indicates the discharge amount in the first embodiment. The temperature of the rubber extruded from the breaker plate 60 in the embodiment, and the dotted line L4 indicates the temperature of the rubber extruded from the breaker plate when the distribution plate 63 is removed from the embodiment. The total number of through holes 60h when the distribution plate 63 is removed is 108. Further, a plate from which the distribution plate 63 is removed is also included in the present invention because the front plate 62 is formed in a protruding shape on the inflow side so that the center side of the breaker plate 60 is thick.

  As shown by the solid line L2, when the distribution plate 63 is not provided, there is a relatively large difference between the discharge amount in the range of radius 40 mm or less and the discharge amount in the range of radius 60 mm or more. . The radius of 60 mm is the position of the outer periphery of the shaft portion 20 a of the screw 20. However, as shown by the solid line L1, the difference is reduced by providing the distribution plate 63. Further, when the distribution plate 63 is provided as indicated by the dotted line L1, the cooling effect is improved as compared with the case where the distribution plate 63 indicated by the dotted line L2 is removed.

Examples of the extruder according to the second embodiment will be described. Various setting values are shown in Table 2.

  FIG. 9A shows the flow velocity distribution of rubber (cloth) on the outflow surface 90o of the breaker plate 90 when rubber is extruded by the extruder of this embodiment. In FIG. 9A, the horizontal axis indicates the radial position (mm), and the vertical axis indicates the rubber flow velocity (mm / s). In Fig.9 (a), the continuous line L11 has shown the flow velocity in the Example of the above-mentioned 2nd Embodiment. The dotted line L2 has a front plate formed in a protruding shape on the inflow side, but no step is provided between the center side and the outer peripheral side (see the front plate 62 of the first embodiment), and the height of the protrusion is also the second implementation. The flow velocity when lower than the embodiment of the embodiment is shown. The extruder whose flow rate is indicated by the dotted line L2 is also included in the present invention because the center of the breaker plate is formed thicker than the outer peripheral side by forming the front plate in a protruding shape.

  As indicated by the solid lines L1 and L2, the variation in the flow velocity distribution is reduced by providing a step in the front plate 91 and increasing the height of the central portion.

  FIG. 9B shows the temperature distribution of the rubber extruded from the breaker plate 90 in the extruder of this embodiment. In FIG. 9A, the horizontal axis indicates the radial position (mm) of the breaker plate 90, and the vertical axis indicates the rubber temperature (° C.). A solid line L13 indicates the temperature of the rubber in this example, and a solid line L14 indicates the temperature of the rubber when cooling water is not supplied. In addition, even if it is not flowing cooling water, since the center of the breaker plate is formed thicker than the outer peripheral side, it is included in the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 9B, in this embodiment, a rubber cooling effect of about 30 ° C. can be obtained as compared with the case where no cooling water is allowed to flow.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and may be implemented in various aspects.

  The material to be extruded may be any material having fluidity and is not limited to rubber. For example, a molten resin may be used. The pushing means is not limited to a screw as long as it pushes the material to be extruded in the cylinder barrel toward the strainer. For example, a plunger that slides in a cylinder barrel may be used.

  The breaker plate may include at least one plate that faces the strainer. For example, the breaker plate may be configured with only the cooling plate without providing the front plate and the distribution plate.

  The extruded material passage hole may be formed so that the central extruded material passage hole is deeper than the outer circumferential extruded material passage hole in the entire depth from the inflow surface to the outflow surface of the breaker plate. Therefore, among the plates included in the breaker plate, the through-holes in any of the plates may cause the center side extruded material passage hole to be formed deeper than the outer circumferential side extruded material passage hole. In some of the plates included in the plate, the outer peripheral through hole may be deeper than the central through hole. For example, the center side extruded material passage hole may be formed deeper than the outer circumferential side extruded material passage hole by forming the cooling plate itself on the outflow side without providing a distribution plate.

  The planar shape of the second plate (distribution plate) may be appropriately set according to various conditions such as the arrangement of through holes, and is not limited to a rectangle. For example, it may be circular. Moreover, the 2nd plate should just contribute to making the to-be-extruded material passage hole of the center side deeper than the to-be-extruded material passage hole of an outer peripheral side, and the arrangement | positioning area | region of the through-hole of a 1st plate (cooling plate) The center side may be formed in a thick protrusion shape, or may be formed smaller than the arrangement area of the through hole of the first plate, and may be formed in a flat plate shape. . Further, the first and second plates may be fixed by an appropriate method, and are not limited to those using screw means inserted through the through holes.

It is sectional drawing which shows the whole structure of the extruder of 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the head part of the extruder of FIG. It is a figure which shows the cooling plate contained in the breaker plate of the extruder of FIG. It is a figure which shows the front plate contained in the breaker plate of the extruder of FIG. It is a figure which shows the distribution plate contained in the breaker plate of the extruder of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the breaker plate of the extruder of 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the front plate contained in the breaker plate of FIG. It is a figure which shows the effect of the Example of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the effect of the Example of 2nd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Extruder, 10 ... Cylinder barrel, 20 ... Extruding means, 50 ... Strainer, 60 ... Breaker plate, 60h ... Extrusion material passage hole.

Claims (10)

A cylinder barrel (10) into which the material to be extruded is supplied;
Extrusion means (20) driven inside the cylinder barrel (10) and for extruding the extruded material supplied into the cylinder barrel (10) to one end side of the cylinder barrel (10);
A strainer (50) provided on the one end side of the cylinder barrel (10);
A plurality of through holes (61h, 62h, 63h) having plates (61, 62, 63) arranged in a stacked manner with respect to the strainer (50) and penetrating the plates (61, 62, 63). A breaker plate (60) in which a plurality of extruded material passage holes (60h) are formed;
With
The breaker plate (60) is configured such that, among the plurality of extruded material passage holes (60h), the extruded material passage hole (60h) on the center side is deeper than the extruded material passage hole (60h) on the outer peripheral side. In the range where the plurality of extruded material passage holes (60h) are provided, the extruder is configured such that the center side is thicker than the outer peripheral side.   The breaker plate (60) is arranged on the extruding material outflow side of the strainer (50) configured as the stacked plate, and cools the extruding material that has passed through the strainer (50). The extruder according to claim 1, comprising a possible cooling plate (61).   The extruder according to claim 2, wherein a cooling passage (61d) through which a coolant passes is provided inside the cooling plate (61). The breaker plate is configured as the stacked plate.
A first plate (61);
A second plate (63) disposed opposite to the strainer (50) of the first plate (61);
With
The second plate (63) is formed in an area smaller than the arrangement region (61a) of the plurality of through holes (61h) of the first plate (61), and is formed on the center side of the region (61a). The plurality of through holes (63h) of the second plate (63) are connected to some of the through holes (61h) on the center side of the plurality of through holes (61h) of the first plate. The extruder according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The breaker plate (60) is configured as the stacked plate,
A first plate (61);
A second plate (63) disposed opposite to the strainer (50) of the first plate (61);
With
The extruder according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second plate (63) is formed in a protruding shape on the opposite side to the first plate (61). The plurality of through holes (61h) of the first plate (61) are arranged at regular intervals,
The second plate (63) is connected to the first plate (61) by screw means (82) inserted into any of the plurality of through holes (61h) of the first plate (61). The extruder according to claim 4 or 5. The breaker plate (60) includes a front plate (62) arranged on the extruded material inflow side of the strainer (50), which is configured as the laminated plate.
The front plate (62) includes a plurality of extruded material passage holes (60h) such that a central range of the plurality of extruded material passage holes (60h) is thicker than an outer peripheral range. The extruder according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the extruder is formed in a protruding shape on the inflow side of the material to be extruded within a range in which) is provided. The cylinder barrel (10)
A cylinder body (11) having a constant cross-sectional area of the internal space;
A head portion (12) that is continuous with the cylinder body portion (11) and has a sectional area of an internal space that increases from the cylinder body portion toward the strainer (50);
With
The plurality of extruded material passage holes (60h) are provided over a wider range than the cross section of the internal space of the cylinder body (11),
The breaker plate (50) has an inflow surface and an outflow surface of the extruded material between a range included in a cross section of the internal space of the cylinder body (11) and a range on the outer peripheral side of the cross section. A step is provided in at least one of the plurality of extruded material passage holes (60h), and the central extruded material passage hole (60h) is deeper than the outer circumferential extruded material passage hole (60h). It is comprised so that it may become. Extruder of any one of Claims 1-7. The cylinder barrel (10)
A cylinder body (11) having a constant cross-sectional area of the internal space;
A screw (20) inserted through the cylinder body (11) and capable of extruding the material to be extruded by rotation with respect to the cylinder body (11);
With
The screw has a shaft portion (20a) and a flight portion (20b) arranged in a spiral shape with respect to the shaft portion,
The to-be-extruded material passage hole (60h) has a cross-sectional area through which the material to be extruded can pass through the breaker plate (60) so that the shaft portion (20a) is disconnected from the cross-sectional area of the internal space of the cylinder body (11). The extruder according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the extruder is set to be larger than an area excluding the area. The plate has a plate (61, 62, 63) arranged in a stack with respect to the strainer (50), and a plurality of extruded material passage holes (61h, 62h, 63h) pass through the plate. 60h) formed breaker plate (60),
Among the plurality of extruded material passage holes (60h), the plurality of extruded material passages pass such that a central extruded material passage hole (60h) is deeper than an outer circumferential extruded material passage hole (60h). Breaker plate in which the central side is thicker than the outer peripheral side in the range where the hole (60h) is provided.

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