JP2006205084A - Particle crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a safely, easy handling and inexpensive particle crusher without requiring much energy at the time of the operation. <P>SOLUTION: The particle crusher is constituted by arranging an ultrasonic nozzle 11 at the bottom part of an air tight container 1, connecting an exhaust pipe 4 to the primary side of a circulating pump 2 from the upper part or the side part of the air tight container, connecting the secondary side of the circulating pump to the ultrasonic nozzle through a circulating and supplying pipe 8, installing a vacuum pump 3 to a vacuum exhaust pipe 5 branched from the exhaust pipe, and connecting a gas replenishing pipe 10 combined with a gas cylinder 11a to the circulating and supplying pipe. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a particle pulverizer, and also relates to a dry particle pulverizer capable of handling powders in all fields.

  A conventional dry pulverization apparatus has a cylindrical pulverization tank. A plurality of nozzles are arranged in a tangential direction inside the pulverization tank, and high-pressure gas (in many cases, air) is injected from the nozzles. By generating a high-speed swirling flow and putting raw material powder into it, the powder is finely pulverized by friction and collision between the powder and the inner wall or between the powders. Yes.

  However, according to this conventional pulverizer, when high-pressure air is used, a large compressor is required, and a great amount of energy is consumed, and a small amount of oil mist generated from the compressor is completely removed. Is difficult and has contamination problems.

  When nitrogen gas is used instead of air, a large amount of gas is consumed, resulting in an increase in cost. When a large amount of gas is used, a large cyclone or bag filter is used to separate the powder and gas, resulting in a decrease in the powder recovery rate, and a great deal of cleaning of the residual powder after pulverization. It will take labor and time.

Furthermore, handling high-pressure gas causes safety problems, and a pressure-resistant test is indispensable for container production, and costs such as production approval are increased.
JP 2000-42441 A JP 2003-47884 A

  The problems to be solved by the present invention require a great deal of energy for its operation, there is a danger, there is a problem with contamination, the powder has chemical influences such as moisture and oxidation, and labor is required for cleaning. Time is required, and in addition, the cost of manufacturing the device is increased.

  In order to solve this problem, the particle pulverizing apparatus according to the present invention has an airtight container, a supersonic nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the airtight container, and an exhaust pipe is circulated from the top or side of the airtight container. The secondary side of the circulation pump is connected to the supersonic nozzle via the circulation supply pipe, and a vacuum pump is provided in the vacuum exhaust pipe branched from the exhaust pipe, and the circulation A gas supply pipe connected to a gas cylinder is connected to the supply pipe, and the gas supplied from the gas cylinder is an inert gas such as argon gas.

  The particle pulverizing apparatus according to the present invention includes a powder reflecting member supported by a support member inside the airtight container and having an outer peripheral edge separated from the inner wall of the airtight container. The body reflecting member is formed in an umbrella shape.

  Furthermore, the particle pulverizing apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that a vacuum exhaust main valve and a vacuum exhaust bypass valve having a small diameter are incorporated in the middle of the vacuum exhaust pipe, and a gear chamber is provided in the gear chamber of the circulation pump. A vacuum exhaust pipe is provided, and the gear chamber vacuum exhaust pipe is connected to the vacuum exhaust pipe on the primary side of the vacuum pump described above.

  The particle crusher according to the present invention is provided with a thin plate inner cylinder along the inner surface of the airtight container described above, and a connecting rod connected to a part of the inner cylinder protrudes to the outside through the airtight penetrating portion. A means for applying vibration is attached to the protruding portion of the rod, and the means for applying vibration described above is a high-frequency generator.

  Further, the particle pulverizing apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that a filter is provided in the upper part of the above-mentioned airtight container or in the above-mentioned exhaust pipe, and through a transmission means penetrating a part of the above-mentioned airtight penetration part. Further, the present invention is characterized in that a means for applying vibration from the outside is provided, the connecting rod is used as the transmission means, and a high-frequency generator is used as means for applying vibration from the outside.

  The particle crusher according to the present invention is configured as described above. Therefore, less drive energy is required, the apparatus is inexpensive without complicated parts and mechanisms, the running cost is reduced, and the occurrence of failure is reduced.

  In addition, since no high-pressure gas is used, safety is improved and oil contamination is eliminated, so the problem of contamination is eliminated, and the powder is completely free from alterations and effects caused by chemical reactions such as moisture, oxidation, and nitriding. In addition, since the apparatus is compact and can be easily disassembled, labor and time required for cleaning can be reduced.

  This was realized by configuring as in the embodiment shown in the figure.

  Next, an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an outline of a particle pulverizing apparatus embodying the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an airtight container. This airtight container 1 has a viewing window (not shown) and is integrally formed by a joint, and its lower part is formed in an inverted conical shape. . The reason why the lower part is in an inverted conical shape is to collect the powder as a raw material charged from above at the center of the airtight container 1, and the cylindrical shape is used instead of the inverted conical shape, and the powder is scraped to the center. It can also be set as the structure which attaches a scraper.

  A filter 1a having a bag shape is attached to the upper portion of the airtight container 1 with its opening facing downward. The filter 1a is made of cloth, non-woven fabric, paper or the like, and can be attached and detached freely. The filter 1a has a connecting rod 1f connected to a part of the filter 1a. The connecting rod 1f projects the tip of the filter 1a to the outside of the hermetic container 1 through the airtight penetrating portion 1g. It is connected to a high frequency generator 1h for feeding.

  In the figure, reference numeral 1b denotes an inner cylinder that conforms to the shape of the lower part of the hermetic container 1 and conforms to its inner wall surface. This inner cylinder 1b is formed using a thin plate and is supported in the hermetic container 1 at several points. It has been. A connecting rod 1c is also connected to a part of the inner cylinder 1b. The connecting rod 1c protrudes from the airtight container 1 to the outside through the airtight penetrating portion 1d, and the inner cylinder 1b is vibrated at the protruded front end. It is connected to a high frequency generator 1e for giving from the outside.

  The high-frequency generators 1h and 1e can be used in place of a motor-driven vibrator or the like. However, in consideration of manufacturing cost savings, the high-frequency generators 1h and 1e, the connecting rods 1f and 1c are used. It is also possible to omit the presence of the airtight penetrating parts 1g and 1d and the inner cylinder 1b that pass therethrough.

  In addition, a support member 1j is installed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 1b, or the inner wall of the airtight container 1 when the inner cylinder 1b is not provided. Equipped with a gap from the inner wall. The powder reflecting member 1i is detachable for easy cleaning, but can be fixed.

  A circulation exhaust pipe 4 is connected to the upper or side portion of the airtight container 1, and a circulation pump 2 is connected to the circulation exhaust pipe 4. A circulation supply pipe 8 is connected to the circulation pump 2, and the circulation supply pipe 8 is connected to a supply valve 9 disposed below the airtight container 1. The supply valve 9 is connected to a supersonic nozzle 11, and the supersonic nozzle 11 is connected to the lower center position of the airtight container 1.

  The circulation supply pipe 8 is connected to a gas cylinder 10b of an inert gas such as argon gas by a gas supply pipe 10 through a gas supply valve 10b. Further, the gear chamber 2 a of the circulation pump 2, the vacuum exhaust pipe 5, and the vacuum pump 3 are connected by a gear chamber exhaust pipe 7 on the primary side.

  Further, a vacuum exhaust pipe 5 is branched from the circulation exhaust pipe 4 on the primary side of the circulation pump 2. The vacuum exhaust pipe 5 is connected to the vacuum pump 3, and the primary side of the vacuum pump 3 is a vacuum exhaust main valve 5b, a vacuum exhaust bypass pipe 5a, and a vacuum exhaust bypass valve having a small diameter on the vacuum exhaust bypass pipe 5a. 5c is provided. An atmospheric discharge pipe 6 is connected to the secondary side of the vacuum pump 3.

  The particle crusher according to the present embodiment is configured as described above. Here, its use and operation will be described. First, powder of pulverized material (raw material, sample) is put into the airtight container 1 and stored in the lowermost part thereof. Here, the vacuum exhaust main valve 5b, the vacuum exhaust bypass valve 5c, the supply valve 9, and the gas supply valve 10b are all closed.

  When the vacuum pump 3 is driven from this standby state and the small-diameter vacuum exhaust bypass valve 5c is opened, the remaining air is slowly exhausted from the entire system. When the pressure becomes sufficiently low, the evacuation bypass valve 5c is closed and the evacuation main valve 5b is opened, and the state is further changed from low vacuum to high vacuum and super vacuum.

  When the pressure reaches the ultimate vacuum pressure of the system, the vacuum exhaust main valve 5b is closed and the vacuum exhaust bypass valve 5c is opened. Further, the gas replenishing valve 10b is also opened, and the remaining air and the gas are replaced by exhausting from the gas cylinder 10a while supplying argon gas or inert gas. At this time, the gas flowing from the gas supply pipe 10 to the circulation supply pipe 8 flows from the gear chamber 2 a of the circulation pump 2 through the gear chamber vacuum exhaust pipe 7 into the vacuum exhaust pipe 5 and is sucked into the vacuum pump 3.

  Next, when the circulation pump 2 is started and the supply valve 9 is opened, the gas starts to circulate. The powder stored in the airtight container 1 is blown upward by the gas injected from the supersonic nozzle 11 connected to the supply valve 9, and is pulverized by the collision of the powder.

  The blown-up powder collides with the powder reflecting member 1i and is further pulverized, and then reverses and descends. A part of the powder rides on the gas flow, passes through the gap at the periphery of the powder reflecting member 1i, and is conveyed upward. However, since the pressure in the hermetic container 1 is low, the hermetic container 1 is separated by gravity sedimentation. Falls down. Here, the powder falling to the upper surface of the powder reflecting member 1i also falls along the outer wall surface because the powder reflecting member 1i has an umbrella shape.

  At this time, the high frequency generator 1e acts to vibrate the inner cylinder 1b through the connecting rod 1c to prevent the powder from adhering to the inner wall surface of the inner cylinder 1b.

  Moreover, the filter 1a is provided above the inside of the airtight container 1 as in the embodiment shown in the drawing in order to ensure the completeness of the powder recovery efficiency, and some fine particles captured by the filter 1a are periodically removed. In particular, the vibration generated by the high frequency generator 1h is shaken off by vibrating the filter 1a via the connecting rod 1f.

  Further, although not specifically illustrated, a filter may be provided in the middle of the circulation exhaust pipe 4 in order to prevent the constituent fibers of the filter from being mixed into the powder.

  In any case, when powder flows into the circulation pump 2 and powder remains in the circulation pump 2 and the pipes before and after the circulation pump, when different types of powder are used, It is desirable to provide a filter because of the possibility. On the other hand, since it is expensive to clean and replace the filter, the installation of the filter can be omitted for economic reasons. A filter is indispensable in conventional pulverization with high-pressure gas, but since the present invention is a gravity sedimentation action using vacuum, this filter can be omitted. By continuing the above operation, the powder is finely pulverized.

  Here, a specific example will be described. The inlet pressure of the supersonic nozzle 11 is 30 kPa in absolute pressure, the outlet pressure is 1 kPa, and the flow velocity Mach 3 is obtained. At this time, the power consumption of the circulation pump 2 was about 2 kw.

  Since the pressure is almost vacuum at the upper part of the hermetic container 1, the blown-up powder is not affected by the air flow so much and falls down along the inner wall surface of the hermetic container 1 by gravity and blows up. It repeats the cycle of being. When the particle size of the powder becomes small due to collision or friction, it comes to adhere to the inner surface of the inner cylinder 1b, and only the large particle size falls without being attached and undergoes pulverization, The particle size distribution becomes uniform. Furthermore, in order to refine the particle size, the output of the high frequency generator 1e may be controlled to change the degree of powder adhesion to the inner cylinder 1b.

  Since the powder is repeatedly pulverized as described above, less energy is required for pulverization per unit time. Although the pulverization time can be arbitrarily increased, an operation of about 10 minutes is sufficient. Since the electricity cost for driving the motor is determined by the maximum value, the running cost is greatly reduced.

  Since the entire system of the pulverizer is in a reduced pressure (vacuum) state below the atmospheric pressure, a slight air leak occurs, but an argon gas which is an inert gas is introduced little by little, and the same amount is supplied by the vacuum pump 3. By continuing to exhaust, the leaked air is removed and a pure argon gas atmosphere is obtained. Therefore, chemical reactions such as oxidation and nitridation with oxygen and nitrogen in the air and hydrolysis with moisture do not occur. Moreover, since argon has a large mass, the powder can be accelerated efficiently.

It is a block diagram which shows the outline of the particle | grain crusher which implemented this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Airtight container 1a Filter 1b Inner cylinder 1c Connection rod 1d Airtight penetration part 1e High frequency generator 1f Connection rod 1g Airtight penetration part 1h High frequency generator 1i Powder reflecting member 1j Support member 2 Circulation pump 2a Gear chamber 3 Vacuum pump 4 Circulation exhaust Pipe 5 Vacuum exhaust pipe 5a Vacuum exhaust bypass pipe 5b Vacuum exhaust main valve 5c Vacuum exhaust bypass valve 6 Atmospheric discharge pipe 7 Gear chamber vacuum exhaust pipe 8 Circulation supply pipe 9 Supply valve 10 Gas supply pipe 10a Gas cylinder 10b Gas supply valve 11 Supersonic speed nozzle

Claims (11)

  It has an airtight container, a supersonic nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the airtight container, an exhaust pipe is connected to the primary side of the circulation pump from the top or side of the airtight container, and the secondary side of the circulation pump is circulated and supplied A vacuum pump is provided in the vacuum exhaust pipe branched from the exhaust pipe and connected to the supersonic nozzle through the pipe, and a gas supply pipe connected to a gas cylinder is connected to the circulation supply pipe. A particle crusher characterized by being.   The particle pulverizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas supplied from the gas cylinder is an inert gas such as an argon gas.   3. The particle pulverizing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a powder reflecting member supported by a support member inside the airtight container and having an outer peripheral edge separated from the inner wall of the airtight container. .   4. The particle pulverizing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the powder reflecting member is formed in an umbrella shape.   The particle pulverization according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein a vacuum exhaust main valve and a vacuum exhaust bypass valve having a small diameter are incorporated in the middle of the vacuum exhaust pipe. apparatus.   The gear chamber vacuum exhaust pipe is provided in the gear chamber of the circulation pump, and the gear chamber vacuum exhaust pipe is connected to the vacuum exhaust pipe on the primary side of the vacuum pump. The particle pulverizing apparatus according to claim 2, claim 3, claim 4 or claim 5.   Provided is a means for providing a thin inner cylinder along the inner surface of the hermetic container, causing the connecting rod connected to a part of the inner cylinder to protrude outside through the airtight penetrating portion, and applying vibration to the protruding portion of the connecting rod. The particle crushing apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5 or 6, wherein the particle crushing apparatus is attached.   8. The particle pulverizing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the means for applying vibration is a high frequency generator.   A filter is provided in the upper part of the airtight container or in the exhaust pipe, as described in claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5, claim 7, and claim 7. Or the particle | grain grinding | pulverization apparatus of Claim 8.   10. The particle pulverizing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein means for applying vibration from outside is provided in a part of the filter through transmission means that penetrates the hermetic penetrating portion. 11. The particle pulverizing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein a connecting rod is used as said transmission means, and a high frequency generator is used as means for applying vibration from outside.

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