JP2006198764A - Cell production process and facility - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cell production process and related facility capable of enhancing production efficiency compared with its earlier level, shortening production lead time, allowing the minimization of parts storage volume, and distributing work process among more than one worker. <P>SOLUTION: The facility is composed of a main bogie 2, designed to carry work pieces and a main operator 9, and a sub bogie 4, designed to transport a sub worker 9, who prepares at least some portion of parts and/or jigs necessary for main work. The main bogie 2 is arranged to automatically run on a predetermined traveling route 11, which makes round of a plurality of stations. The sub bogie 4 is made to run in a way to accompany the main bogie 2, so that delivery of parts and/or jigs can be executed between the main bogie 2 and the sub bogie 4. Further, it is made possible to implement interruptive actions of stopping the automatically running main bogie 2 and starting the automatically stopped main bogie 2 in accordance with actions of the main operator 9, who is operating the main bogie 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a cell production method and a cell production facility in which a single worker substantially performs a plurality of work steps for one workpiece.

  One of the methods for producing products is a so-called line production method using a conveyor line. In this line production method, a plurality of stations are provided along a conveyor line, and workers, production equipment, tools, parts, members, and the like are arranged in each station. And a workpiece | work is conveyed in order by a conveyor line, a predetermined work process is performed in each station, and a product is produced. While this line production system is suitable for mass production, it requires a large amount of capital investment, and it is difficult to respond flexibly when changing product specifications.

  In recent years, in the fields of the automobile industry and the electrical industry, there is an increasing need to produce many models in small quantities in order to respond to the diversification of consumer needs. As a production method suitable for this multi-model small-volume production, a cell production method in which a single worker performs a plurality of work processes is gradually expanding instead of a line production method. The cell production method has the advantage that it is easy to respond to changes in product specifications and requires less capital investment. Also, from the worker's side, the consciousness of completing the product by himself is born, so it can be tackled eagerly.

  As a cell production system, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method in which a work is placed on a hand-operated work cart and work is performed while visiting a plurality of stations. Also, means for raising and lowering the workpiece is provided to improve productivity and reduce worker fatigue.

JP 2003-251575 A

  By the way, in the cell production method of Patent Document 1, no work process is in progress while the work carriage is moving, and it is still difficult to say that the production efficiency is sufficient. Further efficiency and shortening of the production lead time are achieved. Is expected. Further, there may be a case where a component that is sub-assembled by combining the components is required, and there remains a problem of eliminating the storage space and management effort of this component. In addition, if one worker performs all work processes, including sub-assembly work, the number of stations becomes too large, and the distance traveled is extremely long. It may not be the way.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned background, and can further improve production efficiency, shorten production lead time, minimize the storage amount of parts, and distribute work processes to a plurality of workers. An object of the present invention is to provide a cell production method and a cell production facility.

In the cell production method of the present invention, a main worker who performs a main work including a plurality of processes for assembling parts to a work is moved together with the work so as to go around a plurality of stations that perform auxiliary processes related to the main work. In the cell production method,
A main carriage for mounting the work and for boarding the main worker;
Using a sub carriage on which a sub worker performing a sub work to prepare at least a part of the parts and / or jigs necessary for the main work is mounted,
The main cart is automatically traveled on a predetermined travel route around the plurality of stations, and parts and / or jigs can be transferred between the main cart and the sub cart. Interrupting the stop of the main carriage during the automatic traveling and the start of the main carriage during the automatic stop according to the operation of the main operator who operates the main carriage together with the main carriage and operates the main carriage The cell production method is characterized in that operation is possible (claim 1).

  The sub work preferably includes a work of assembling the parts by combining and sub-assembling components. Moreover, it is preferable that the said sub operation | work includes the operation | work which sets the said component to the said jig | tool, or the operation | work which sets the said component to the said jig | tool.

  The main object of the present invention is to further improve the cell production method according to the application of the previous Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-421122 and to expand the application range. In other words, when all the assembly parts and assembly jigs are arranged, the work process of a relatively large product that does not fit within the reach of the worker and requires a considerable distance to work is made to multiple workers. Disclosed is a method and facility for allocating and producing cells. The present invention has a new feature in that the work process is distributed to the main and the sub and advanced in parallel while utilizing the feature of performing work on the traveling work carriage disclosed in the previous application.

In the cell production method of the present invention, at least two workers are required, a person who performs the main work on the main carriage, a person who performs the sub-work on the sub carriage.
In the main work, the main work processes leading to product completion are performed. The product in the present application is not limited to a final product used by a so-called end user, but is a concept that includes all units assembled in a series of operations such as a product as a part to be incorporated into the final product.

  The main operation may include not only a general assembly operation for incorporating parts but also an inspection operation for confirming the finished product dimensions and confirming the operation status. Some of the tools used for the main work can be installed in the main carriage, and the rest can be installed in each station. Further, among the members and parts used for the main work, those requiring the preparatory work can be received from the sub-cart, and the others can be supplied from each station. Small parts such as screws may be provided on the main carriage.

  In the sub work, the parts and / or jigs necessary for the main work are prepared. In the sub work, it is preferable to assemble a composite part (referred to as an assembly in the embodiment) by combining and sub-assembling the component parts. Moreover, it is preferable to set a part or a component part in a jig and pass it to the main work. Tools, members, and parts used for the sub work can be prepared on each station or sub carriage.

  In the cell production method of the present invention, it is preferable that the main operation and the sub-operation described above are performed in parallel on two carts that run in parallel. Thereby, since the work process is performed in a distributed manner, the production lead time can be shortened. Further, since the parts sub-assembled in the sub work are immediately used in the main work, there is no need to temporarily store them.

  Further, in the cell production method of the present invention, the main carriage and the sub carriage are circulated in conjunction with each other, and the automatic running and the automatic stopping are basically performed according to predetermined running conditions. That is, a necessary traveling speed, traveling time, stop location, and the like are predicted according to the work content at a predetermined specific position, and control based on the prediction is performed. Thereby, the cell production stabilized to some extent can be performed.

  However, when driving conditions are set in advance, it is performed with some safety added. However, in practice, there is a problem that there is not enough time to see the margin or there is too much room and the work time is left. There is a case. In such a case, in order to emphasize safety, the margin time tends to be increased, and further efficiency improvement cannot be expected.

  On the other hand, in the present invention, as described above, according to the operation of the main operator who operates the main cart, the interruption of the stop of the main cart during the automatic traveling and the start of the main cart during the automatic stop Made possible. Accordingly, the traveling state can be arbitrarily changed against a predetermined traveling condition, and an optimal traveling state can be realized for the work contents in progress.

It is preferable that the sub-trolley has a refusal unit that travels and stops in synchronization with the main cart and rejects at least a part of the interruption operation by the main cart (Claim 2). The sub work and the main work can be stabilized by not only causing the sub car to run along with the main car but also causing the sub work to run and stop in synchronization. In this case, the interruption operation for the main carriage naturally affects the sub-carts to be linked. In this case, when an interruption operation by the main carriage is about to be performed, if the inconvenience arises in following the interruption operation due to circumstances on the sub-carriage side interlocking with the main carriage, the rejection means is used. Thus, the interrupt operation can be stopped. The rejection means may have a function of rejecting all of the interrupt operations, but may selectively reject only a part of the interrupt operations. For example, in terms of safety, a function such as rejecting only a start due to an interrupt during an automatic stop may be used.
By having such refusal means, it becomes possible to continue more stable work.

In order to actually perform the cell production method of the present invention, the cell production facility of the present invention described below can be used.
That is, the cell production facility of the present invention, together with the work, allows a main worker who performs a main work including a plurality of processes to assemble parts to the work to go around a plurality of stations that perform auxiliary processes related to the main work. In cell production equipment to be moved,
A work holding part for holding the work, and a boarding part on which the main worker can get on while being able to work on the work held by the work holding part. A main carriage equipped with a traveling control device to control;
A sub-trolley equipped with a riding section on which a sub worker who performs a sub work for preparing parts and / or jigs necessary for the main work can be boarded,
The main cart is automatically traveled on a predetermined travel route around the plurality of stations, and parts and / or jigs can be transferred between the main cart and the sub cart. The carriage is configured to run alongside the main carriage,
Cell production characterized in that the main cart is provided with an interrupt control means for enabling an interrupt operation of stopping the main cart during the automatic running and starting the main cart during the automatic stop. It is in the facility (claim 3).

  The main carriage includes a workpiece holding unit that holds the workpiece, and a boarding unit that allows an operator to get on in a traveling state, and has a traveling route and a traveling speed for the plurality of stations. A travel control device for controlling is provided. An automatic guided vehicle called AGV can be applied to the main cart provided with such a travel control device.

  According to this aspect, the main cart can automatically travel on the determined travel route in a state where the operator gets on. Therefore, the operator does not need to operate the main carriage, and can concentrate on the work even in the traveling state, and the work efficiency is increased. In addition, you may provide a driving operation part in order to drive-operate in the state which the operator got on. According to this, the operator can switch from automatic traveling to manual traveling as necessary, and can perform optional traveling.

  In the cell production facility of the present invention, as described above, the main cart and the sub cart are circulated in conjunction with each other, and automatically run and automatically stop according to a predetermined running condition. That is, a necessary traveling speed, traveling time, stop location, and the like are predicted according to the work content at a predetermined specific position, and control based on the prediction is performed. Thereby, the cell production stabilized to some extent can be performed. However, in the case of control only for automatic travel, problems remain in terms of safety and efficiency as described above.

Here, in the present invention, as described above, according to the operation of the main operator who operates the main carriage, the interruption of the main carriage during the automatic traveling and the start of the main carriage during the automatic stop are performed. Operation was possible. Accordingly, the traveling state can be arbitrarily changed against a predetermined traveling condition, and an optimal traveling state can be realized for the work contents in progress.
As the interrupt control means, for example, a stop button switch, a start button switch or the like is provided on the main cart, and the push operation is used as a trigger for a stop during automatic running or a start operation during automatic stop. Control means can be employed.

In addition, the sub-trolley preferably has a refusal unit that travels and stops in synchronization with the main cart and rejects at least a part of the interruption operation by the main cart. ). In this case, it is possible to stabilize the cooperation between the sub work and the main work by causing the sub car to run and stop in synchronization with the main car. It becomes possible to do.
The rejection means can be easily realized by transmitting a signal such as a push button switch provided on the sub-cart to the travel control device.

  Moreover, in the cell production facility of the present invention, a plurality of the main carts may be able to travel on the travel route simultaneously. For example, if a plurality of the automatic transport vehicles are used and controlled to run at intervals, a production amount obtained by multiplying the production amount per automatic transport vehicle by the number of units can be expected.

  It is preferable that the sub-trolley includes a boarding unit that allows an operator to get on in a traveling state. According to this aspect, even when the sub-trolley is in a running state as in the main cart, the operator can concentrate on the work, and the work efficiency is increased.

  It is preferable that the sub-trolley includes a follow-up means for running alongside the main cart. The follow-up means may be a connecting rod that connects the sub-cart and the main cart. The follow-up means may include wireless communication means between the sub-trolley and the main cart, and a sub-travel control device that controls the travel of the sub-trolley. It is preferable that the sub-carriage runs side by side without leaving the main carriage so that parts and / or jigs can be passed directly or indirectly to the main carriage.

  As a follow-up means for running in parallel, a connecting rod that physically connects the sub-cart and the main cart may be used. According to the connecting rod, the sub-trolley can be driven by the driving force of the main cart, so that the power source of the sub-trolley becomes unnecessary. However, it is a condition that no obstacle is provided at a location where the connecting rod passes on the travel route.

  In the case where a parts shelf or the like of the station obstructs the passage of the connecting rod, a wireless communication means and a sub travel control device may be provided. The wireless communication means can transmit information about the positional relationship and speed of the carriage between the sub carriage and the main carriage. In addition, the sub travel control device can control the sub cart in accordance with the position and speed of the main cart. In the method using wireless communication means, a power source is also required for the sub-cart.

  It is preferable that the same number of the sub-carts as the plurality of main carts run side by side corresponding to the main carts. In order to increase the production amount, it is preferable to use the same number of sub-carts corresponding to a plurality of main carts and run them in parallel.

  The main carriage may have a circulation route that goes around once and returns to the original position, and the sub carriage may have a sub-circulation route outside the circulation route. When the main cart travels through all stations and the workpiece is completed, the workpiece is unloaded from the main cart. After this, the main carriage needs to return to the original start position in order to produce the next workpiece. Therefore, it is best in terms of production efficiency that the work carry-out position has a circulation route that continues to the start position. If this is a straight one-way outbound travel route, the main carriage returns to the return path without doing anything, resulting in a time loss.

  When the main carriage has a circulation route, the sub-carriage runs along the outside or inside of the circulation route of the main carriage. Here, the sub work generally handles a larger number of parts than the main work. Therefore, it is reasonable to arrange the main cart on the inside and the sub cart on the outside, and further supply components from the outside.

  The traveling route of the main carriage may be divided into a plurality of parts, and the sub carriages that run along the divided traveling routes may be provided. When the amount of work is larger in the sub work than in the main work, separate sub carriages can be provided so that the sub work is performed by a plurality of workers. Thereby, sub work can be rationally distributed to a plurality of workers, and the overall production efficiency is further improved.

  For example, when there is a sub work twice as large as the main work, it is only necessary to divide the traveling route into the first half and the second half, and to make the two sub carriages run only in the first half and the second half respectively. According to this aspect, the sub-car that runs along the first half of the travel route can continue the sub work independently while the main car travels the second half of the travel route. Then, the sub-work is just finished before the main carriage returns, and parts and / or jigs can be handed over. The same applies to the sub-carts that run along the second half of the route.

  The sub cart may have a sub parallel route that runs parallel to the main cart, and a sub return route that returns to the original position after leaving the main cart. Further, the sub-carriage may have a sub-parallel route that runs side by side with the main cart, and after moving away from the main cart, the sub-carriage reverses to return to the original position.

  When the above-mentioned main truck travel routes are divided and separate sub-carries are run side by side, the sub-car will run along the sub-cargo route and then move away from the main car to return to its original position. Become. At this time, a sub return route different from the sub parallel route may be provided, or the sub parallel route may be reversed. Which route is adopted can be determined in consideration of the contents of the sub work, the arrangement of parts and / or jigs, the restriction of the work area, and the like.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. The perspective view of FIG. 1 is explanatory drawing which shows the installation which manufactures the transmission of the automatic transmission system which is an Example of the cell production equipment of this invention, First, the whole structure is demonstrated with reference to this figure.

  In the transmission production facility 1 of FIG. 1, three sets of main carts 2 and sub-carts 4 that run along with the main carts 2 are used. Each main carriage 2 is configured to automatically travel on the inner route 11. The sub cart 4 is connected to the main cart 2 and pushed to travel on the outer circuit route 12. Further, a straight route 13 is provided from the lower left to the upper right of FIG. 1 so that the preprocessing cart 6 reciprocates. An operator 9 gets on each of the carts 2, 4, 6 and can work in a running state. Stations are provided along the routes 11, 12, and 13 so that necessary parts and jigs are prepared.

  The station here is a facility having a function of performing an auxiliary process related to the work performed by the workers 9 in the traveling state on each of the carts 2, 4, 6. For example, a loading station Si, a transfer station St, and a carrying-out station So, which will be described later, not only correspond to the above stations, but also a station for performing an auxiliary process for supplying parts to be assembled to a workpiece, and tools (jigs) used for work. There are a station for performing an auxiliary process, a station for performing an auxiliary process for receiving a workpiece from a work carriage and performing a predetermined process. More specifically, equipment that performs the work process of the main work represented by symbols ML1 to ML13 (FIG. 3) described later, and equipment that performs the work process of the sub work represented by symbols SL1 to SL10 (FIG. 3). Is also a station.

  A fixed station, a movable station, or a sub-cart that does not run in parallel can be used without using the sub-car 4 that runs parallel to the main cart 2, but in this example, the sub-cart is the best mode. An example including 4 is shown.

  A transmission case 7 serving as a workpiece of the transmission production facility 1 is mounted on the preprocessing carriage 6 at the lower left loading station Si in FIG. 1 and is transported to the upper right loading station St. At the transfer station St, the case 7 is transferred from the preprocessing cart 6 to the main cart 2. While the main carriage 2 travels counterclockwise on the circulation route 11, the parts are assembled to the case 7 to complete the transmission and reach the unloading station So. After the completed transmission is unloaded at the unloading station So, the main carriage 2 returns to the replacement station St and the next case 7 is mounted.

  The sub cart 4 is pushed by the main cart 2 and travels on the outer circumference route 12. The sub-cart 4 is always located in front of the main cart 2 and runs side by side. Then, after taking parts and members from the outside of the circulation route 12 and performing preparatory work such as sub-assembly, the components and jigs are placed on a placement table inside the circulation route 12. Thereby, delivery to the succeeding main cart 2 can be performed.

  Next, the detailed configuration of the main carriage 2 and the sub carriage 4 will be described with reference to the explanatory diagram of FIG. The main cart 2 is provided with a pair of left and right drive wheels 212 (see FIGS. 16 and 17) and a travel sensor for detecting a route on the lower side of the vehicle body 21, and a battery 22 and a travel control device 23 on the upper side. It has been. Further, an obstacle sensor 245 (see FIG. 16) including a bumper 24 and an approach sensor is provided at the lower front portion of the vehicle body 21.

  The circulation route 11 of the main carriage 2 is defined by attaching a magnetic tape to the floor surface. The route detection sensor detects the magnetic tape and transmits a detection signal to the travel control device 23. Based on this detection signal, the travel control device 23 adjusts the direction of the drive wheels by controlling the rotational speed of each of the left and right drive wheels, and can travel along the circulation route 11. The proximity sensor detects an obstacle or another main carriage ahead, and transmits a detection signal to the travel control device 23. The travel controller 23 is configured to ensure safety by decelerating or stopping as necessary to avoid a collision.

  Above the vehicle body portion 21 of the main carriage 2, a frame body portion 25 in which shape steel is combined is disposed, and a work holding portion 26 and a work adjustment portion 27 are disposed on the frame body portion 25. The work holding unit 26 holds the case 7 of the transmission that is a work. The case 7 can be fixed and released by the work adjusting unit 27 and can be adjusted in height and posture. Thereby, the operator 9 can work by fixing the case 7 at an appropriate height and posture. Further, a start kick switch 281 and an emergency stop button switch 282, which will be described later, are provided on the rear surface of the frame body portion 25 so that the operator 9 can perform an operation by an interruption operation.

  A boarding portion 28 on which the operator 9 can get on is extended from the rear lower portion of the main body 21 of the main carriage 2. In addition, a handrail 29 supported upward from the rear portion of the riding section 28 is provided to ensure the safety of the boarded worker 9 and to stabilize the working posture. Further, a box-shaped storage unit 30 is provided behind the handrail 29 so that tools and parts can be stored.

  A support member 31 is provided vertically above the vehicle body portion 21 of the main carriage 2 and an arm 32 projecting horizontally from the upper end of the support member 31 is provided. A tool 33 is provided. The arm 32 can be rotated in the horizontal direction so that the work of lifting parts and jigs from the station and assembling them to the case 7 can be easily performed.

  A connecting member 34 is disposed from the middle of the support member 31 to the side, and the connecting member 34 is directed downward from the middle. A connecting rod 35 is disposed from the lower end of the connecting member 34 toward the front, and the tip of the connecting rod is connected to the vehicle body main body 41 of the sub-cart 4. The connecting member 34 and the connecting rod 35 correspond to connecting rods that physically connect the sub-trolley 4 and the main cart 2. The support member 31 and the connecting member 34 form a downward U-shaped gate. This gate is for avoiding interference with a station disposed between the circulation routes 11 and 12.

  The sub-trolley 4 is provided with a route guide wheel and a traveling wheel (not shown) below the vehicle body main body 41. The circulation route 12 of the sub-trolley 4 is defined by providing guide rails on the floor surface. The route guide wheel is configured to be guided by being fitted into a guide rail laid along the circuit route 12 on the floor surface. On the other hand, the traveling wheel is a wheel whose traveling direction is freely changed, and can travel on the circuit route 12. The route route 12 may be defined by providing a guide groove or a guide wall instead of the guide rail and traveling along the guide groove.

  According to the above-described configuration, when the main cart 2 travels, the driving force is transmitted to the sub cart 4 via the support member 31, the connecting member 34, and the connecting rod 35. Therefore, the sub-trolley 4 can run in parallel with the main cart 2.

  Further, in the sub-cart 4, the upper surface of the vehicle body main body 41 also serves as a riding section. A handrail 42 supported upward from the rear portion of the vehicle body main body 41 is provided to ensure the safety of the boarded worker 9 and to stabilize the working posture.

  Next, a method for producing a transmission using the above-described transmission production facility 1 will be described. The plan view of FIG. 3 is a layout diagram showing the layout of the transmission production facility 1 shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, a hatched rectangle indicates a storage space for parts and members, and an open rectangle indicates a work table or a placement table for delivering parts and / or jigs. Symbols ML1 to ML13 indicate the work process of the main work, and on FIG. 3, the approximate positions for receiving parts and / or jigs are shown. By receiving the parts at this position, the assembling work to the case 7 held on the main carriage 2, that is, the main work can be performed. Symbols SL <b> 1 to SL <b> 10 indicate sub-work process steps, and the position of the work table is illustrated on FIG. 3. A sub work for preparing parts and / or jigs necessary for the main work can be performed on the work table. The parts storage space, work table, and mounting table described above correspond to stations.

  FIG. 4 is a work process list showing each work process of transmission production in order, and also shows the relationship between the main work and the sub work. That is, the parts and / or jigs prepared in the sub work are used for the main work with the same numerals. For example, it is shown that a part called B2 assembly assembled in the sub work SL1 is used in the main work ML1. A blank field means that no sub work is required. The assembly means an intermediate part obtained by sub-assembling component parts or a composite part.

  Although omitted in the work process list of FIG. 4, the case 7 of the transmission as a work is carried in from outside the work area and mounted on the preprocessing cart 6 at the carry-in station Si. The preprocessing cart 6 transports the case 7 to the replacement station St by the travel route 13, but the preprocessing is performed while traveling. At the transfer station St, the case 7 is transferred from the preprocessing cart 6 to the main cart 2. And the main trolley 2 and the sub trolley | bogie 4 will start drive | work, and the whole work process will begin. Hereinafter, the work process will be described in order.

  First, the worker 9 of the sub work assembles the B2 assembly 71 in the sub work SL1. The B2 assembly 71 is a composite part of the brake part. An O-ring, a return spring, and a snap ring are assembled to the B2 piston, and are integrally held by an assembling jig and placed on a mounting table. Then, the worker 9 of the main work takes the B2 assembly 71 on the mounting table and assembles it to the case 7 in the main work ML1. Thereby, the cross section of the case 7 which is a workpiece | work will be in the B2 assembly assembly | attachment state shown by FIG.

  The sub work SL1 is performed on the traveling sub-car 4 and the main work ML1 is performed on the traveling main car 2. Therefore, when the operation is completed, the position of the next process is reached, so that time required for movement between processes is not necessary. Further, the delivery of the B2 assembly 71 is performed on a mounting table disposed between the two work carts 2 and 4, and the operator 9 does not have to move it. After the assembly work is completed, the assembly jig is left on the mounting table and used for the next assembly. At this time, since the position of the main carriage 2 is moved between the start and end of the assembly, the mounting table is made movable so that the assembly jig is automatically returned to the start position.

  The above-described work process distribution and parts and / or jig delivery procedures are the same in the subsequent work processes. If a specific work process requires a long time, the work carriages 2 and 4 may be stopped for a certain time.

  In the sub work SL2, a rear subassembly 72 constituting a part of the gear for shifting, the clutch part, and the brake part is assembled. In the rear subassembly 72, a bearing, a spacer, a planetary gear assembly, and a brake plate are assembled around the axis of the clutch component, and are gripped by an assembly jig. In the main operation ML2, the rear subassembly 72 is assembled to the case 7, and the rear subassembly state shown in FIG. 6 is obtained.

  The next main operation ML3 is a size confirmation and component selection operation process that does not require sub-operations. That is, the worker 9 of the main work measures the thickness of the B2 brake shown in FIG. 7 using a plate thickness measuring jig. At this time, the thickness of the entire brake is measured while compressing with a jig to suppress undulation of the friction material of the multi-plate brake. Next, based on the measurement result, the backing plate 73 having an appropriate thickness is selected so as to cancel the individual difference in the thickness of the brake. Thereby, the individual difference at the time of brake manufacture is absorbed, and the working condition of a brake can be arranged.

  In the next sub-operation SL4, the snap ring 74 is prepared. The snap ring 74 used here is of a type that fits into a groove on the inner surface of the cylinder, and it is necessary to reduce the outer diameter of the snap ring 74 to be smaller than the cylinder diameter using a snap ring positioning jig. Furthermore, since it is not rotationally symmetric in structure, the jig can also adjust the phase during assembly (angle in the circumferential direction in the cylinder). In the main operation ML4, the backing plate 73 selected in the previous process is incorporated, and the snap ring 74 received from the sub operation SL4 is inserted. As a result, the workpiece is in the assembled state of the backing plate shown in FIG.

  In the sub work SL5, the one-way clutch 75 and the snap ring 76 are set on the snap ring diameter-reducing jig. As in the previous step, the snap ring 76 is reduced in diameter and phase-matched. In the main operation ML5, the one-way clutch 75 and the snap ring 76 are assembled. Since a jig is used at this time, both parts can be assembled at once, and the work efficiency is high. As a result, the work is in the one-way clutch assembled state shown in FIG.

  In the sub operation SL6, the counter gear assembly 77 is assembled. In the main operation ML6, first, the center support 78 is inserted. Next, the counter gear assembly 77 is assembled, and the bolt 79 is tightened and fixed. The bolt 79 is tightened using a stationary electric screwdriver on the station side. As a result, the workpiece is in the counter gear assembled state shown in FIG.

  The next main operation ML7 is a dimensional confirmation operation process that does not require a sub-operation. That is, as shown in FIG. 11, the distance between the upper end of the counter gear assembly 77 and the upper end of the case 7 is measured. At this time, measurement is performed while rotating the counter gear once, and it is confirmed whether the counter gear assembly 77 is tilted. In order to perform this efficiently, a measuring device having an automatic measuring function for intermittently measuring in a short time and an arithmetic function for obtaining an average value of measured data and the like is used.

  In the next sub-operation SL8, the drive pinion assembly 80 and the differential assembly (differential device assembly) 81 are assembled. In the main operation ML8, the two assemblies 80 and 81 are assembled and the differential assembly state shown in FIG. 12 is obtained.

  In the sub work SL9, the front sub assembly 82 and the C3 assembly (clutch part) are assembled. In the main operation ML9, the front subassembly 80 and the C3 assembly are assembled to the case 7, and the drive sun gear and the B1 band brake are further assembled. As a result, the front sub assembly state shown in FIG. 13 is obtained.

  Next, in the sub operation SL10, the oil pump assembly 83 is assembled. In the main operation ML10, the seven bolts 84 shown in FIG. 14 are temporarily tightened simultaneously using a bolt temporary tightening jig. Although it is finally tightened manually, the work efficiency is greatly improved by the bolt temporary tightening jig. As a result, the oil pump assembled state shown in FIG. 15 is obtained.

  In the main operation ML11, the movable dimension is measured by pulling up the shaft 85, and it is confirmed that there is no shortage of parts around the shaft.

  In the main operation ML12, the stroke of the B1 band brake is measured using a band brake stroke measuring jig. In this jig, the displacement is obtained by pushing the engaging convex portion of the B1 band brake, and the stroke unique to each brake is obtained.

  In the main operation ML13, the B1 piston assembly is assembled and the transmission is completed.

  After completing all the work steps, the main carriage 2 and the sub carriage 4 arrive at the unloading station So. Here, the completed transmission is carried out by another carrier and sent to the inspection process. Thereafter, the main carriage 2 and the sub carriage 4 continue to travel along the circulation routes 11 and 12 and return to the replacement station St. Then, a new case 7 is placed and the next production cycle begins.

  In the transmission production facility 1 of the embodiment, the sub-car 4 is allowed to run along with the main car 2, and the work process is distributed. Thereby, it was possible to obtain a rational production method in which two workers 9 cooperate to produce one product. In addition, the amount of parts to be stored is minimized, and it is possible to handle single production and mixed production that produces multiple models. Furthermore, even if the production model is changed, the production line can be reconstructed in a short period of time.

  In addition to the bogie running and the electric driver, the production equipment uses as little power as possible, such as electric power and compressed air. As a result, the number of actuators used is drastically reduced compared to the prior art, and the effect of saving energy consumption has occurred. Furthermore, the space required for the work was reduced.

  As shown in the figure, the main carriage 2 has a pair of left and right drive wheels 211, a front driven wheel 212, a rear driven wheel 213, and a traveling motor 219 for driving the drive wheels 211 on the lower side of the vehicle body 21. Have. A pulling motor 217 for raising the chassis portion including the drive wheels 211 is disposed behind the drive wheels 211 for the purpose of enabling manual pushing in the event of an abnormality. This is not used during normal automatic driving.

Further, on the lower side of the vehicle body 21, a travel sensor 218 that detects a magnetic tape 114 as a travel line that defines the circulation route 11, and an address that detects an address marker (magnetic sheet) 115 affixed to the floor surface. A reader 215 is provided.
The address reader 215 and the travel sensor 218 may be replaced with an optical reader, and the magnetic tape 114 as a travel line and the magnetic sheet 115 as an address marker may be used as an optical tape and an optical sheet.

Further, as described above, the battery (not shown) and the travel control device 23 are provided on the upper side of the main body 21 of the main carriage 2.
The travel control device 23 is configured to transmit detection signals from the travel sensor 218 and the address reader 215. Then, based on these detection signals, the travel control device 23 can control the direction of the drive wheels 211 to control the rotation speed of the left and right drive wheels, thereby allowing the vehicle to travel and stop along the circulation route 11.

Further, as described above, a boarding portion 28 on which the operator 9 can get on is extended at the rear lower portion of the main body portion 21 of the main cart 2. A start kick switch 281 constituting an interrupt control means is disposed below the front surface of the riding section 28, and an emergency stop button switch 282 is disposed above the start kick switch 281.
The start kick switch 281 is for giving a signal that triggers a start to the travel control device 23 when pressed at least during automatic stop in the automatic travel mode. The emergency stop button switch 282 is used to give a signal that triggers a stop to the travel control device 23 when pressed at least during automatic travel in the automatic travel mode.

The bumper 24 has a built-in bumper switch 240 as a sensor that senses that an obstacle has come into contact. Also, below the bumper 25, an obstacle sensor 245 that detects an obstacle approaching a predetermined distance by contact and a speaker 242 that emits an alarm sound to the outside are disposed.
Note that the main carriage 2 includes the workpiece holding unit 26, the workpiece adjustment unit 27, and the like as described above.

In FIG. 18, the block diagram of the main components in the main trolley | bogie 2 is shown. As is known from the figure, it is configured to run by controlling the running motor 219 based on information from various sensors and switches connected to the running control device 23 including a computer. The main sensors and switches connected to the travel control device 23 are, as shown in the figure, a travel sensor 218 that detects a magnetic tape 114 that is a travel line, and an address reader that detects a magnetic sheet 115 as an address marker. 215, operation switches such as the start kick switch 281 and the emergency stop button switch 282, a bumper switch 240, an obstacle sensor 245, and the like.
In addition to the above-described traveling motor 219, the traveling control device 23 controls the speaker 242 that generates a sound to call attention to the surroundings, the traveling state of the main carriage 2, and the main working state. For example, a display 246. As the indicator 246, for example, there is a warning light or the like displaying three colors of red, blue and yellow.

The main carriage 2 having such a configuration basically automatically travels according to predetermined travel conditions. That is, after the start of operation, the vehicle automatically travels under predetermined conditions in accordance with detection signals from the travel sensor 218 and the address reader 215. Specifically, basic steering is controlled according to the detection signal of the travel sensor 218, and various controls such as speed change, automatic stop, and timer start are performed based on the detection signal of the address reader 215.
As for the start after the automatic stop, the time can be partially managed by a timer, and it can be configured to start automatically after a predetermined time, or the automatic stop until the start kick switch 281 described above is pressed. It can also be set as the structure which continues.

  The emergency stop button switch 282 that constitutes the interrupt control means is used when the main carriage 2 is stopped during automatic traveling and immediately after automatic starting, or when automatic starting is stopped in advance and the stopped state is maintained. By making the pressed state, etc., the intended interrupt operation can be realized. On the other hand, the start kick switch 281 can realize the desired interrupt operation when the operator presses the foot with his / her foot when the main cart 2 is automatically stopped and the automatic stop state is released. .

By providing such an interrupt control means, the operation state of the main carriage 2 can be optimized for various main operations.
In this example, since the sub-cart 4 operates in conjunction with the main cart 2 as described above, the main cart 2 is automatically stopped, automatically started, started by an interrupt operation, and stopped by an interrupt operation. The sub-cart 4 will stop and start. If the sub work by the sub carriage 4 has a sufficient margin and there is no problem in following the main operation of the main carriage 2 completely, this is sufficient.
On the other hand, when it is inconvenient for the sub-car 4 to follow the leading driving state of the main car 2, the sub-car 4 can be provided with a rejecting means for rejecting the interrupt operation. For example, a stop button switch or the like (not shown) may be provided to reject the start due to the interrupt operation, and the automatic start and the start due to the interrupt can be rejected while the switch is pressed. Thereby, it becomes possible to ensure the stable operation | work of the sub trolley | bogie 4. FIG.

It is a perspective view explaining the transmission production equipment which is the Example of the cell production equipment of this invention. It is an expansion perspective view explaining the main trolley | bogie and a sub trolley | bogie in an Example. It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning of the cell production equipment in an Example. It is a figure of the transmission production process list which shows the work process in an Example. In an Example, it is a figure which shows the B2 assembly assembly | attachment state in the middle of transmission production. In an Example, it is a figure which shows a rear sub assembly | attachment state. In an Example, it is explanatory drawing which shows the method of measuring the thickness of B2 brake. In an Example, it is a figure which shows the backing plate assembly | attachment state. In an Example, it is a figure which shows the one-way clutch assembly | attachment state. In an Example, it is a figure which shows a counter gear assembly | attachment state. In an Example, it is explanatory drawing which shows the method of measuring the inclination of a counter gear. In an Example, it is a figure which shows a differential assembly | attachment state. In an Example, it is a figure which shows a front sub assembly | attachment state. In an Example, it is explanatory drawing which shows the method of assembling an oil pump. In an Example, it is a figure which shows the oil pump assembly | attachment state. Explanatory drawing which looked at the main structure of the main trolley | bogie in the Example from the side. Explanatory drawing which looked at the main structure of the main trolley | bogie from the upper direction in an Example. The block diagram which shows the main structures of the main trolley | bogie in an Example.

Explanation of symbols

1: Transmission production equipment 11: Circulation route of main cart 12: Circulation route of sub-cart 13: Linear route of pre-processing cart 2: Main cart 21: Body body 22: Battery 23: Travel control device 24: Bumper 25 : Frame body part 26: Work holding part 27: Work adjustment part 28: Boarding part 281: Start kick switch 282: Emergency stop button switch 29: Handrail 30: Storage part 31: Support material 32: Arm 33: Lifting jig 34 : Connecting member 35: Connecting rod 4: Sub-carriage 41: Body body part 42: Handrail 6: Pre-processing car 7: Case (work)
71: B2 assembly 72: Rear subassembly 73: Backing plate 74: Snap ring 75: One-way clutch 76: Snap ring 77: Counter gear assembly 78: Center support 79: Bolt 80: Drive pinion assembly 81: Differential assembly 82: Front sub Assembly 83: Oil pump assembly 84: Bolt 85: Shaft 9: Worker Si: Loading station St: Reloading station So: Unloading station ML1-ML13: Work process of main work SL1-SL10: Work process of sub work

Claims (4)

In a cell production method in which a main worker who performs a main work including a plurality of processes for assembling parts to a work is moved together with the work so as to go around a plurality of stations that perform auxiliary processes related to the main work.
A main carriage for mounting the work and for boarding the main worker;
Using a sub carriage on which a sub worker performing a sub work to prepare at least a part of the parts and / or jigs necessary for the main work is mounted,
The main cart is automatically traveled on a predetermined travel route around the plurality of stations, and parts and / or jigs can be transferred between the main cart and the sub cart. Interrupting the stop of the main carriage during the automatic traveling and the start of the main carriage during the automatic stop according to the operation of the main operator who operates the main carriage together with the main carriage and operates the main carriage A cell production method characterized by enabling operation.   The cell production method according to claim 1, wherein the sub-carriage has a refusal means for running and stopping in synchronization with the main carriage and refusing at least a part of the interruption operation by the main carriage. In a cell production facility that moves a main worker who performs a main work including a plurality of processes for assembling parts to a work, together with the work so as to go around a plurality of stations performing an auxiliary process related to the main work,
A work holding part for holding the work, and a boarding part on which the main worker can get on while being able to work on the work held by the work holding part. A main carriage equipped with a traveling control device to control;
A sub-trolley equipped with a riding section on which a sub worker who performs a sub work for preparing parts and / or jigs necessary for the main work can be boarded,
The main cart is automatically traveled on a predetermined travel route around the plurality of stations, and parts and / or jigs can be transferred between the main cart and the sub cart. The carriage is configured to run alongside the main carriage,
Cell production characterized in that the main cart is provided with an interrupt control means for enabling an interrupt operation of stopping the main cart during the automatic running and starting the main cart during the automatic stop. Facility.   4. The sub-trolley according to claim 3, wherein the sub-trolley includes a refusal unit that travels and stops in synchronization with the main trolley and rejects at least a part of the interruption operation by the main trolley. Cell production equipment.

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