JP2006184681A - Low-pitched filter - Google Patents

Low-pitched filter Download PDF

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JP2006184681A
JP2006184681A JP2004379236A JP2004379236A JP2006184681A JP 2006184681 A JP2006184681 A JP 2006184681A JP 2004379236 A JP2004379236 A JP 2004379236A JP 2004379236 A JP2004379236 A JP 2004379236A JP 2006184681 A JP2006184681 A JP 2006184681A
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thin film
opening
tension
sound
low
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JP4701714B2 (en
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Yoshikazu Honchi
由和 本地
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Yamaha Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a low-pitched filter that can cut off low-frequency components of a prescribed band and transmits sounds of other frequency bands with simple constitution and also control frequency band widths of the passed sounds. <P>SOLUTION: An opening portion 5 is provided to an intermediate portion of an intake pipe 2 connecting an engine 11 and an air cleaner 12 and a thin film 6 which is expanded with constant tension F is fitted to the opening portion 5. Consequently, the intake sound of the engine 11 which is outputted principally from an air intake can be outputted even from the opening portion 5 to increase the volume of the intake sound. Further, the low frequency band of the intake sound outputted from the opening portion 5 is reduced and its band width can be varied while dust and dirt are prevented from entering from the opening portion 5 by varying the surface density of the thin film 6 and adjusting the tension F for expanding the thin film 6. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、音声の低域を遮断する低音フィルタに関する。   The present invention relates to a bass filter that cuts off a low frequency range of sound.

音域全体の遮音性を確保する場合、質量がある程度以上の材料（遮音物）で、その対象を囲むことが一般的であり、遮音物の面密度とその材料の共振特性によって遮音性がほぼ決定づけられる。   To ensure sound insulation in the entire sound range, it is common to surround the object with a material (sound insulation) with a mass of a certain level or more, and the sound insulation is almost determined by the surface density of the sound insulation and the resonance characteristics of the material. It is done.

例えば、ホームシアタやオーディオ機器などを設置する音響室において遮音性を確保するためには、全体の重量が重い防音壁や防音ドアを使用することが多い。また、開閉を容易に行えるように、素材間に空気層や吸音部材を設けて全体重量の軽量化が図られた防音ドアを使用することもある（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。   For example, in order to ensure sound insulation in an acoustic room where a home theater or audio equipment is installed, a soundproof wall or a soundproof door having a heavy overall weight is often used. In addition, a soundproof door in which an air layer or a sound absorbing member is provided between the materials to reduce the overall weight so as to be easily opened and closed may be used (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

また、自動車などのエンジンの場合、一般的に排気マフラーに消音器を取り付けたり吸気管に消音器を取り付けたりして、排気音や吸気音を抑制して遮音性を確保している（例えば、特許文献２参照。）。   In addition, in the case of an engine such as an automobile, a silencer is generally attached to an exhaust muffler or a silencer is attached to an intake pipe to suppress exhaust noise and intake noise to ensure sound insulation (for example, (See Patent Document 2).

一方、一部の音域（例えば低音）のみを遮音して他の音域を透過させる技術としては、従来４００Ｈｚ以下の殊に１３０Ｈｚ以下の低音域騒音に対する吸音特性に優れた低音域騒音吸音構造が開示されている（例えば、特許文献３参照。）。   On the other hand, as a technique for insulating only a part of the sound range (for example, the low sound) and transmitting the other sound range, a low-frequency noise absorption structure having excellent sound absorption characteristics for low-frequency noise of 400 Hz or less, particularly 130 Hz or less is disclosed. (For example, see Patent Document 3).

また、自動車などのエンジンにおいて、所定の周波数の吸気音の音圧レベルを相対的に高くするようにしたエンジンの吸気音調整構造が開示されている（例えば、特許文献４参照。）。
特開平１０−０６１３４２号公報 特開２００３−２９３８７１公報 特開平１０−１８３８１３号公報 特開２００３−１１３７４８公報 Also, an engine intake sound adjustment structure in which the sound pressure level of an intake sound having a predetermined frequency is relatively increased in an engine such as an automobile is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 4).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-061342 JP2003-293871A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-183813 JP 2003-113748 A

従来、特許文献１，２のように音域全体の遮音性を確保する技術はこの他にも多数開示されている。一方、特許文献３，４のように一部の音域を遮音するためには、その構造が大がかりになったり複雑になったりするので、簡素な構成のものが無かった。また、遮蔽物に孔や隙間を設けることで音の透過性を変化させることは可能であるが、透過させる音の周波数帯域を制御することは困難であった。   Conventionally, many other techniques for ensuring the sound insulation of the entire sound range, such as Patent Documents 1 and 2, have been disclosed. On the other hand, as in Patent Documents 3 and 4, in order to insulate a part of the sound range, the structure becomes large or complicated, so there is no simple structure. Moreover, although it is possible to change the sound permeability by providing holes or gaps in the shield, it is difficult to control the frequency band of the sound to be transmitted.

そこで、本発明は、簡素な構成で、低周波成分を遮断して他の周波数帯域の音を透過させることができ、また、透過させる音の周波数帯域幅を制御できる低音フィルタを提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, the present invention provides a bass filter that can transmit a sound of another frequency band by blocking a low frequency component with a simple configuration, and can control a frequency bandwidth of the transmitted sound. Objective.

この発明は、上記の課題を解決するための手段として、以下の構成を備えている。   The present invention has the following configuration as means for solving the above problems.

（１）側壁に開口部が形成された管と、
前記開口部を被覆し所定の張力で伸長された薄膜と、を備えたことを特徴とする。 (1) a tube having an opening formed on a side wall;
And a thin film that covers the opening and is elongated with a predetermined tension.

この構成においては、管の側壁に開口部を設けて、所定の張力で伸長した状態の薄膜でこの開口部を被覆する。これによりこの薄膜は、管内を伝搬する音声の低域を減衰させて中高域を管外に透過させる。例えば、エンジンとエアクリーナを接続する吸気管に本発明を適用にした場合、吸気管の側壁に開口部を設けて、この開口部を薄膜で被覆するとともに、この薄膜を所定の張力で伸張させることで、通常、自動車の運転者などに好まれる吸気音の中高音を開口部から放音させることができる。また、人は低い周波数帯域の音声を長時間聞くと疲労してしまうが、上記のように吸気管に開口部を設けて薄膜で被覆することで、低い周波数帯域を遮音させることができるので、運転者が吸気音を長時間聞いた場合でも低周波音声による疲労を軽減することができる。さらに、開口部を薄膜で被覆することで、開口部から塵や埃が侵入するのを防ぐことができる。   In this configuration, an opening is provided on the side wall of the tube, and the opening is covered with a thin film stretched with a predetermined tension. As a result, this thin film attenuates the low frequency range of the sound propagating through the tube and transmits the mid-high range outside the tube. For example, when the present invention is applied to an intake pipe connecting an engine and an air cleaner, an opening is provided on the side wall of the intake pipe, the opening is covered with a thin film, and the thin film is stretched with a predetermined tension. Thus, it is possible to emit the middle and high sounds of the intake sound that are usually preferred by the driver of the car from the opening. In addition, humans get tired when listening to low frequency band sound for a long time, but by providing an opening in the intake pipe and covering with a thin film as described above, it is possible to insulate the low frequency band, Even when the driver listens to the intake sound for a long time, the fatigue caused by the low frequency sound can be reduced. Furthermore, by covering the opening with a thin film, dust and dust can be prevented from entering from the opening.

（２）２つの空間の境界の全面または一部に隔壁を設け、その隔壁の全部または一部を所定の張力で張架した薄膜で形成したことを特徴とする。   (2) The present invention is characterized in that a partition wall is provided on the entire surface or a part of the boundary between the two spaces, and the partition wall is entirely or partially stretched with a predetermined tension.

この構成においては、２つの空間の境界に設ける隔壁を所定の張力で張架させた薄膜で形成することで、一方の空間から他方の空間へ伝搬する音声の低域を減衰させることができるので、中高域のみを伝搬させることができる。これにより、例えば、部屋の壁面の一部または全部を薄膜で構成して、この薄膜を所定の張力で伸張することで、外部から伝搬する低周波ノイズをカットする低周波ノイズフィルタとして使用することができる。   In this configuration, since the partition wall provided at the boundary between the two spaces is formed of a thin film stretched with a predetermined tension, the low frequency range of the sound propagating from one space to the other space can be attenuated. Only the mid-high range can be propagated. Thus, for example, a part or all of the wall surface of the room is made of a thin film, and the thin film is stretched with a predetermined tension to be used as a low frequency noise filter that cuts low frequency noise propagated from the outside. Can do.

（３）前記薄膜の張力を変更する張力調整手段を備えたことを特徴とする。   (3) A tension adjusting means for changing the tension of the thin film is provided.

この構成においては、管の開口部に設けた薄膜の張力を張力調整手段によって変更することで、管の他の開口部で放音された音声の低域を遮断できるとともに、その遮断する低域の周波数帯域幅を変更することができる。したがって、張力調整手段を用いることで、音声の低域を遮断して所望の中高域の音声を透過させることが可能となる。   In this configuration, by changing the tension of the thin film provided at the opening of the tube by the tension adjusting means, it is possible to block the low frequency range of the sound emitted from the other opening of the tube and The frequency bandwidth can be changed. Therefore, by using the tension adjusting means, it is possible to block the low frequency range of the sound and transmit the desired mid and high frequency sound.

本発明の低音フィルタは、管の１つの開口部全体を薄膜で被覆し、この薄膜を所定の張力で伸張させた状態にすることで、管の他の開口部で放音された音声の低域を遮断して中高域を透過させることができ、周波数によっては開口部を設けなかった場合に比べて２５ｄＢも音圧レベルを低減できる。したがって、低域の音声を遮断する簡素な構成の低音フィルタを提供することができる。   The bass filter of the present invention covers the entire opening of a tube with a thin film and stretches the thin film with a predetermined tension to reduce the sound emitted from the other opening of the tube. The region can be cut off and the mid-high range can be transmitted. Depending on the frequency, the sound pressure level can be reduced by 25 dB compared to the case where no opening is provided. Therefore, it is possible to provide a bass filter having a simple configuration that blocks low frequency sound.

また、張力調整手段で薄膜の張力を変更することで、遮断する低域の音声の周波数帯域を変更することができる。したがって、張力調整手段を用いることで、所望の中高域の音声を放音させることができる。   Further, by changing the tension of the thin film with the tension adjusting means, it is possible to change the frequency band of the low frequency sound to be cut off. Therefore, by using the tension adjusting means, it is possible to emit a desired mid-high range sound.

図１は、本発明の実施形態に係る低音フィルタの概略を示す構成図である。以下の説明では、自動車の運転者などに好まれる吸気音の中高域のみを開口部から放音させるために、本発明の低音フィルタを用いた場合を一例として以下に詳細を説明する。   FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an outline of a bass filter according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, the case where the bass filter according to the present invention is used as an example in order to emit only the mid-high range of the intake sound preferred by the driver of the car from the opening will be described in detail.

図１（Ａ）は、自動車２１のエンジン１１の吸気系に低音フィルタ１を設けた構成を示している。低音フィルタ１は、吸気管２の側壁に形成した開口部５を薄膜６で被覆して構成されている。すなわち、吸気管２は、エンジンルーム２２内のエンジン１１と、吸気口１３から取り入れた空気に含まれる塵や埃を内蔵のフィルタ１２ａで除去するエアクリーナ１２と、を接続する管であり、エンジン１１に一方の開口端３が接続され、エアクリーナ１２に他方の開口端４が接続されている。また、吸気管２の開口端３と開口端４との中間部における側壁には、開口部５が形成されている。図１（Ｂ）に示すように、この開口部５は、一定の張力Ｆを作用させて伸長させた薄膜６により被覆されている。   FIG. 1A shows a configuration in which the bass filter 1 is provided in the intake system of the engine 11 of the automobile 21. The bass filter 1 is configured by covering an opening 5 formed on the side wall of the intake pipe 2 with a thin film 6. That is, the intake pipe 2 is a pipe that connects the engine 11 in the engine room 22 and the air cleaner 12 that removes dust and dirt contained in the air taken in from the intake port 13 with the built-in filter 12a. One open end 3 is connected to the air cleaner 12, and the other open end 4 is connected to the air cleaner 12. Further, an opening 5 is formed on the side wall at the intermediate portion between the opening end 3 and the opening end 4 of the intake pipe 2. As shown in FIG. 1B, the opening 5 is covered with a thin film 6 that is elongated by applying a constant tension F.

開口部５を被覆する薄膜６は、前記のように一定の張力Ｆで伸長された状態で、開口部５に取り付けられている。この薄膜６により吸気管２の内部に開口部５から塵や埃が侵入するのを防止することができる。   The thin film 6 covering the opening 5 is attached to the opening 5 in a state of being stretched with a constant tension F as described above. The thin film 6 can prevent dust and dirt from entering the inside of the intake pipe 2 from the opening 5.

また、開口部５には、張力調整機構７を設けるようにすることも可能である。図２は、張力調整機構の概略の構成図である。張力調整機構７は、薄膜６に加える張力Ｆを調整するためのものであり、開口部５を被覆する薄膜６を伸長させる張力Ｆを調整することで、開口部５から放音する吸気音の周波数特性を変更することができる。張力調整機構７は、一例として、ドラムなどのヘッドの張力を調整する構成と同様であり、開口部５の周囲には一定間隔でボルト固定具４１が複数取り付けられている。また、薄膜６は、リング４２によって開口部５の全周にわたって当接している。さらに、リング４２の周囲には、開口部５の周囲に取り付けられたボルト固定具４１と同じ間隔で、孔部４３が形成されている。そして、張力調整ボルト４４を孔部４３を介して各ボルト固定具４１に取り付けて、各張力調整ボルト４４の締め付けを調整することで、薄膜６を均等に張るとともにその張力を調整することができる。   The opening 5 can be provided with a tension adjusting mechanism 7. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the tension adjusting mechanism. The tension adjusting mechanism 7 is for adjusting the tension F applied to the thin film 6. By adjusting the tension F that extends the thin film 6 covering the opening 5, the tension adjusting mechanism 7 The frequency characteristic can be changed. The tension adjusting mechanism 7 is, for example, similar to the configuration for adjusting the tension of a head such as a drum, and a plurality of bolt fixtures 41 are attached around the opening 5 at regular intervals. The thin film 6 is in contact with the entire circumference of the opening 5 by the ring 42. Further, holes 43 are formed around the ring 42 at the same interval as the bolt fixtures 41 attached around the opening 5. Then, the tension adjusting bolts 44 are attached to the respective bolt fixtures 41 through the holes 43 and the tightening of the tension adjusting bolts 44 is adjusted, whereby the thin film 6 can be stretched uniformly and the tension can be adjusted. .

なお、張力調整機構７の構成は図２に示した構成に限るものではなく、薄膜６を均等に張って張力を調整する機構であれば、手動または自動で薄膜６の張力を変更する他の構成であっても良い。   The configuration of the tension adjusting mechanism 7 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 2, and any other mechanism that manually or automatically changes the tension of the thin film 6 as long as the tension is adjusted by tensioning the thin film 6 evenly. It may be a configuration.

次に、低音フィルタの遮音特性の詳細について説明する。図３は、低音フィルタの開口部における吸気音の音圧レベルを測定する際の概略の構成図である。低音フィルタの遮音特性は、図３に示すような構成により測定を行った。   Next, details of the sound insulation characteristics of the bass filter will be described. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram when measuring the sound pressure level of the intake sound at the opening of the bass filter. The sound insulation characteristics of the bass filter were measured by a configuration as shown in FIG.

吸気管２は、直径１２０ｍｍ、長さ６００ｍｍの直管型であり、開口端３と開口端４とのほぼ中間部に直径４５ｍｍの開口部５を有している。また、吸気管２の一方の開口端３にはスピーカ３１を取り付け、他方の開口端４にはエアクリーナ１２の代わりとして、厚さ５ｍｍのアクリル板１４により開口端４全体を被覆した。また、低音フィルタの効果を確認するために、吸気管２に形成した開口部５から５ｃｍ離れた位置にマイク３２の先端を開口部５に対向させて設置し、スピーカ３１が放音した音の音圧レベルを測定した。   The intake pipe 2 is a straight pipe type having a diameter of 120 mm and a length of 600 mm, and has an opening 5 having a diameter of 45 mm at a substantially middle portion between the opening end 3 and the opening end 4. A speaker 31 is attached to one opening end 3 of the intake pipe 2, and the entire opening end 4 is covered with an acrylic plate 14 having a thickness of 5 mm instead of the air cleaner 12 on the other opening end 4. In addition, in order to confirm the effect of the bass filter, the tip of the microphone 32 is placed facing the opening 5 at a position 5 cm away from the opening 5 formed in the intake pipe 2, and the sound emitted by the speaker 31 is emitted. The sound pressure level was measured.

図４は、低音フィルタの開口部における吸気音の音圧レベル及び挿入損失を示すグラフであり、（Ａ）は音圧レベルの周波数特性を示すグラフであり、（Ｂ）は、開口部を開放した状態に対する、薄膜を取り付けた場合の音圧レベルの低下、すなわち挿入損失の周波数特性を示すグラフである。図４に示すデータは、薄膜６として厚さ３０μｍのポリエチレン製のシートを使用し、このシートで開口部５全体を被覆するとともに、シートを伸長させる張力Ｆを２段階に変化させて測定を行った。すなわち、シートがたるまない程度に開口部５全体をシートが被覆した状態（図では張力無と表示する。）と、シートが伸びない程度に張った状態で開口部５全体を被覆した状態（図では張力有と表示する。）と、で測定を行った。図４には、低音フィルタ１の吸気管２に開口部５を設けない場合（ａ）を実線（ポイントを◆）で、低音フィルタ１の開口部５に薄膜６を取り付けずに開放状態にした場合（ｂ）を実線（ポイントを■）で、低音フィルタ１の開口部５を被覆する薄膜６の張力Ｆを小さくした場合（ｃ）を一点鎖線（ポイントを▲）で、低音フィルタ１の開口部５を被覆する薄膜６の張力Ｆを大きくした場合（ｄ）を破線（ポイントを●）で示している。   FIG. 4 is a graph showing the sound pressure level and insertion loss of the intake sound at the opening of the bass filter, (A) is a graph showing the frequency characteristics of the sound pressure level, and (B) is the opening of the opening. It is a graph which shows the fall of the sound pressure level at the time of attaching a thin film with respect to the state which carried out, ie, the frequency characteristic of insertion loss. The data shown in FIG. 4 is obtained by using a 30 μm-thick polyethylene sheet as the thin film 6 and covering the entire opening 5 with this sheet and changing the tension F for stretching the sheet in two stages. It was. That is, the state in which the sheet covers the entire opening 5 to such an extent that the sheet does not sag (indicated by no tension in the drawing) and the state in which the entire opening 5 is coated in a state in which the sheet does not stretch (see FIG. Then, it is indicated that there is tension.) In FIG. 4, when the opening 5 is not provided in the intake pipe 2 of the bass filter 1, (a) is shown as a solid line (points ◆), and the opening 5 is not attached to the opening 5 of the bass filter 1. Case (b) is a solid line (point is ■), and the tension F of the thin film 6 covering the opening 5 of the bass filter 1 is reduced (c) is a dashed line (point is ▲) and the opening of the bass filter 1 When the tension F of the thin film 6 covering the portion 5 is increased, (d) is indicated by a broken line (points are indicated by ●).

測定の結果、図４に示すように、開口部５に張力をかけずに薄膜６を取り付けた場合には、全帯域において、開口部５に薄膜６を設けなかった場合と音圧レベル及び挿入損失にほとんど差が無かった。一方、開口部５に一定の張力をかけて薄膜６を取り付けた場合には、１２５０Ｈｚ以下の帯域において開口部５に薄膜６を設けなかった場合よりも音圧レベルを抑制できた。特に、５００Ｈｚ以下の帯域については、吸気管２に開口部５を設けなかった場合と同様か、それよりも音圧レベルが小さくなり、吸気管２に薄膜６を取り付けなかった場合よりも概ね２０ｄＢから２５ｄＢも音圧レベルが抑制されるという結果が得られた。   As a result of the measurement, as shown in FIG. 4, when the thin film 6 is attached without applying tension to the opening 5, the sound pressure level and insertion are the same as when the thin film 6 is not provided in the opening 5 in all bands. There was little difference in loss. On the other hand, when the thin film 6 was attached with a certain tension applied to the opening 5, the sound pressure level could be suppressed as compared with the case where the thin film 6 was not provided in the opening 5 in a band of 1250 Hz or less. In particular, for a band of 500 Hz or less, the sound pressure level is the same as when the opening 5 is not provided in the intake pipe 2 or lower than that, and is approximately 20 dB than when the thin film 6 is not attached to the intake pipe 2. As a result, the sound pressure level was suppressed by 25 dB.

このように、吸気管２に形成した開口部５を薄膜６で被覆し、また薄膜６を所定の張力Ｆで伸張させることによって、音声の低域を遮断して中高域を透過させることができる。   In this way, by covering the opening 5 formed in the intake pipe 2 with the thin film 6 and extending the thin film 6 with a predetermined tension F, it is possible to block the low frequency range of the sound and transmit the middle and high frequency range. .

次に、開口部５を被覆する薄膜６の種類を変更した場合と、薄膜６の張力を変更した場合とで、どのように遮音特性が変化するかの確認を行った。図５は、低音フィルタ等の挿入損失を示すグラフであり、（Ａ）は薄膜６の種類すなわち面密度（単位面積あたりの質量（単位ｇ／ｍ２ ））を変更して薄膜６の張力は変更しない場合の周波数帯域と挿入損失の関係を示すグラフであり、（Ｂ）は、薄膜６の面密度を変更せずに薄膜６の張力を変更した場合の周波数帯域と挿入損失の関係を示すグラフである。なお、いずれのグラフも、開口部５に薄膜６を取り付けずに開放した状態の挿入損失を０ｄＢとして、周波数帯域と挿入損失の関係を示している。 Next, it was confirmed how the sound insulation characteristics change when the type of the thin film 6 covering the opening 5 is changed and when the tension of the thin film 6 is changed. FIG. 5 is a graph showing insertion loss of a bass filter or the like. (A) shows the tension of the thin film 6 by changing the type of the thin film 6, that is, the surface density (mass per unit area (unit: g / m 2 )). It is a graph which shows the relationship between the frequency band and insertion loss when not changing, (B) shows the relationship between the frequency band and insertion loss when changing the tension of the thin film 6 without changing the surface density of the thin film 6. It is a graph. Each graph shows the relationship between the frequency band and the insertion loss when the insertion loss in the state where the thin film 6 is opened without being attached to the opening 5 is 0 dB.

図５（Ａ）には、吸気管２に開口部５を設けない場合（ａ）を実線（ポイントを◆）で、開口部５に薄膜６を設けない場合（ｂ）を実線（ポイントを●）で、開口部５を被覆するのが薄膜６Ａの場合（ｃ）を一点鎖線（ポイントを▲）で、開口部５を被覆するのが薄膜６Ｂの場合（ｄ）を破線（ポイントを◆）で、開口部５を被覆するのが薄膜６Ｃの場合（ｅ）を実線（ポイントを＊）で示している。なお、薄膜６Ａの面密度は１１．１４ｇ／ｍ２ 、薄膜６Ｂの面密度は１９．
４３ｇ／ｍ２ 、薄膜６Ｃの面密度は８２．２０ｇ／ｍ２ である。 In FIG. 5A, the case where the opening 5 is not provided in the intake pipe 2 (a) is a solid line (point is ◆), and the case where the thin film 6 is not provided in the opening 5 is (b) is a solid line (point is ●). ), The case where the opening 5 is covered with the thin film 6A (c) is a one-dot chain line (point is ▲), and the case where the opening 5 is covered with the thin film 6B (d) is a broken line (point is ◆) When the thin film 6C covers the opening 5, (e) is indicated by a solid line (point is *). The surface density of the thin film 6A is 11.14 g / m 2 , and the surface density of the thin film 6B is 19.
43 g / m 2, the surface density of the thin film 6C is 82.20g / m 2.

図５（Ｂ）は、フィルム材質の違いによる挿入損失を示すグラフである。図５（Ｂ）には、吸気管２に開口部５を設けない場合（ａ）を実線（ポイントを◆）で、開口部５に薄膜６を設けない場合（ｂ）を実線（ポイントを●）で、開口部５を被覆する薄膜６の張力Ｆを加えない場合（ｃ）を一点鎖線（ポイントを▲）で、開口部５を被覆する薄膜６の張力Ｆが小さい場合（ｄ）を二点鎖線（ポイントを◆）で、低音フィルタ１の開口部５を被覆する薄膜６の張力Ｆを中ぐらいの場合（ｅ）を実線（ポイントを＊）で、低音フィルタ１の開口部５を被覆する薄膜６の張力Ｆを大きくした場合（ｆ）を破線（ポイントを●）で示している。なお、図５（Ｂ）に示すデータは、薄膜６として薄膜６Ｂを使用し、このシートで開口部５全体を被覆するとともに、シートを伸長させる張力Ｆを４段階に変化させて測定を行った。すなわち、シートがたるまない程度に開口部５全体をシートが被覆した状態（ｃ）（図では張力無と表示する。）と、開口部５全体をシートを少し伸張させて被覆した状態（ｄ）（図では張力低と表示する。）と、状態（ｄ）よりもシートを伸張させて被覆した状態（ｅ）（図では張力中と表示する。）と、シートが伸びない程度に大きな張力で伸張させて開口部５全体を被覆した状態（図では張力高と表示する。）と、で測定を行った。   FIG. 5B is a graph showing insertion loss due to the difference in film material. In FIG. 5B, the case where the opening 5 is not provided in the intake pipe 2 is shown by a solid line (point is ◆), and the case where the thin film 6 is not provided in the opening 5 is shown by a solid line (point is ●). ), When the tension F of the thin film 6 covering the opening 5 is not applied (c) is indicated by an alternate long and short dash line (point is ▲), and when the tension F of the thin film 6 covering the opening 5 is small (d) When the tension F of the thin film 6 covering the opening 5 of the bass filter 1 is medium, the dotted line (point is ◆) covers the opening 5 of the bass filter 1 when the tension F is medium (e). When the tension F of the thin film 6 to be increased is increased, (f) is indicated by a broken line (points ●). The data shown in FIG. 5B was measured by using the thin film 6B as the thin film 6, covering the entire opening 5 with this sheet, and changing the tension F for extending the sheet in four stages. . That is, the state in which the entire opening 5 is covered with the sheet to such an extent that the sheet does not sag (c) (shown as no tension in the drawing), and the state in which the entire opening 5 is covered with the sheet slightly stretched (d). (In the figure, it is indicated as low tension), in a state (e) where the sheet is stretched and covered rather than in the state (d) (in the figure, indicated as being in tension), and with a tension that is so large that the sheet does not stretch. The measurement was performed in a state in which the entire opening 5 was covered by stretching (indicated as high tension in the figure).

上記のように構成して、スピーカ３１から音声を放音させてマイク３２で集音した結果、図５に示すような結果が得られた。すなわち、図５（Ａ）に示すように、１２５０Ｈｚ以下では薄膜６の面密度にかかわらず略同様の挿入損失となった。一方、１２５０Ｈｚ〜８０００Ｈｚにおいては薄膜６の面密度が大きいほど高い周波数における挿入損失が大きくなるという結果が得られた。   With the configuration as described above, sound was emitted from the speaker 31 and collected by the microphone 32. As a result, the result shown in FIG. 5 was obtained. That is, as shown in FIG. 5A, the insertion loss was substantially the same at 1250 Hz or less regardless of the surface density of the thin film 6. On the other hand, in 1250 Hz to 8000 Hz, a result that the insertion loss at a higher frequency is increased as the surface density of the thin film 6 is increased.

また、図５（Ｂ）に示すように、全般的に薄膜６の張力が大きいほど高い周波数まで挿入損失が大きくなるという結果が得られた。すなわち、状態（ｄ）（張力低）では４００Ｈｚ以下で挿入損失が５ｄＢ以上であったが、状態（ｅ）（張力中）では６３０Ｈｚ以下で挿入損失が５ｄＢ以上であった。また、状態（ｆ）（張力高）では１２５０Ｈｚ以下で挿入損失が５ｄＢ以上であった。   Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, the result that the insertion loss is increased up to a higher frequency as the tension of the thin film 6 is generally larger is obtained. That is, in the state (d) (low tension), the insertion loss was 5 dB or more at 400 Hz or less, but in the state (e) (in tension), the insertion loss was 5 dB or more at 630 Hz or less. In state (f) (high tension), the insertion loss was 5 dB or more at 1250 Hz or less.

このように、低音フィルタ１では、吸気管２に形成した開口部５を被覆する薄膜６の面密度を大きくすることで、高い周波数まで遮音するように設定することができる。また、低音フィルタ１では、吸気管２に形成した開口部５を被覆する薄膜６の張力を高くすることで、高い周波数まで遮音するように設定することができる。   As described above, the bass filter 1 can be set to insulate up to a high frequency by increasing the surface density of the thin film 6 covering the opening 5 formed in the intake pipe 2. Further, the bass filter 1 can be set so as to insulate up to a high frequency by increasing the tension of the thin film 6 covering the opening 5 formed in the intake pipe 2.

したがって、図１に示したエンジンの吸気管用の低音フィルタ１において、エンジンルーム２２内に運転者が好む吸気管の中高音を放音させることができるので、自動車２１を運転する運転者に爽快感を与えることができる。また、人は低い周波数帯域の音声を長時間聞くと疲労してしまうが、上記のように低い周波数帯域を遮音させることができるので、運転者が吸気音を長時間聞いていた場合に、運転者の低周波音声による疲労を軽減することができる。   Therefore, in the low-pass filter 1 for the intake pipe of the engine shown in FIG. 1, it is possible to emit the mid-high sound of the intake pipe preferred by the driver in the engine room 22, so that the driver driving the automobile 21 feels refreshed. Can be given. In addition, people get tired if they listen to low frequency band sounds for a long time, but they can shut down the low frequency band as described above, so if the driver listens to the intake sound for a long time, It is possible to reduce fatigue caused by low-frequency sound of a person.

また、図１に示したエンジンの吸気管用の低音フィルタ１において、薄膜６の面密度や張力を選択・調整することで、遮音できる低い周波数の範囲（周波数帯域の幅）を調整することができる。例えば、開口部５を被覆する薄膜６の張力Ｆを１０００Ｈｚ以下の周波数帯域の音声を遮音するように調整することで、吸気音の低周波成分を遮音して、中高周波成分を放音することができる。   In addition, in the low-pass filter 1 for the intake pipe of the engine shown in FIG. 1, by selecting and adjusting the surface density and tension of the thin film 6, it is possible to adjust the low frequency range (frequency band width) that can be sound-insulated. . For example, by adjusting the tension F of the thin film 6 covering the opening 5 so that sound in a frequency band of 1000 Hz or less is sound-insulated, the low-frequency component of the intake sound is sound-insulated and the medium-high-frequency component is emitted. Can do.

なお、上記の説明では、吸気管２に形成した開口部５の全体を薄膜６で被覆する場合について説明したが、開口部５の一部を薄膜６で被覆して、薄膜６の面密度や張力を選択・調整することで、遮音できる低い周波数の範囲を調整することができる。   In the above description, the case where the entire opening 5 formed in the intake pipe 2 is covered with the thin film 6 has been described. However, a part of the opening 5 is covered with the thin film 6 so that the surface density of the thin film 6 is By selecting and adjusting the tension, it is possible to adjust the range of low frequencies that can be sound-insulated.

以上の説明では、本発明の低音フィルタ１をエンジンの吸気管に適用した場合について説明したが、本発明はこれに限るものではなく、他の用途にも適用が可能である。   In the above description, the case where the bass filter 1 of the present invention is applied to an intake pipe of an engine has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to other uses.

例えば、部屋の壁面の一部または全部を薄膜で構成して、この薄膜を所定の張力で伸張させる。または、部屋のドアや窓に開口部を設けて、この開口部を薄膜で被覆し、この薄膜を所定の張力で伸張するようにする。これにより、外部から室内へ伝搬する音声の低域を減衰させて、中高音のみを伝搬させることができ、低音フィルタを外部から伝搬する低周波ノイズをカットする低周波ノイズフィルタとして使用することができる。   For example, a part or all of the wall surface of the room is made of a thin film, and the thin film is stretched with a predetermined tension. Alternatively, an opening is provided in the door or window of the room, the opening is covered with a thin film, and the thin film is stretched with a predetermined tension. As a result, the low frequency range of the sound propagating from the outside to the room can be attenuated and only the middle and high sounds can be propagated, and the low frequency filter can be used as a low frequency noise filter for cutting low frequency noise propagating from the outside. it can.

また、管楽器のベル（朝顔）に装着するミュートに本発明の低音フィルタを適用することが可能である。図６は、本発明の低音フィルタを適用したミュートの概略構成を示す側面断面図及び正面図である。図６に示すように、低音フィルタ付きミュート５１は、一般的なミュートの前面に開口部５２を設けるとともに、後面に開口部５４を設けて、所定の張力を加えて薄膜５３を取り付けたものである。この低音フィルタ付きミュート５１をトランペットのような管楽器５０に通常のミュートと同様に、コルクやスポンジで作成された複数の当接部５５を、ベル５０ｂの周囲に空気が流通するように所定の間隔で取り付けることで、演奏時には低音を遮断して、中高音を再生することができる。また、トランペット５０の演奏中に低音フィルタ付きミュート５１に設けた薄膜５３を指で押さえることで、薄膜の張力を変更することができるので、遮断する低音の周波数帯域を変更して、トランペット５０の音色を変えることができる。   Further, the bass filter of the present invention can be applied to a mute attached to a wind instrument bell (morning glory). FIG. 6 is a side sectional view and a front view showing a schematic configuration of a mute to which the bass filter of the present invention is applied. As shown in FIG. 6, a mute 51 with a bass filter is provided with an opening 52 on the front surface of a general mute and an opening 54 on the rear surface to which a thin film 53 is attached by applying a predetermined tension. is there. The mute 51 with a bass filter is applied to a wind instrument 50 such as a trumpet in the same manner as a normal mute, and a plurality of abutting portions 55 made of cork or sponge are arranged at predetermined intervals so that air flows around the bell 50b. By attaching with, you can cut the bass and play the middle and high pitched sound during performance. Further, since the tension of the thin film can be changed by pressing the thin film 53 provided on the mute 51 with the bass filter with a finger during the performance of the trumpet 50, the frequency band of the bass to be cut off is changed. You can change the tone.

また、低音フィルタ付きミュート５１には、図２を用いて説明したような張力調整機構を設けることも可能である。したがって、低音フィルタ付きミュート５１に張力調整機構を設けることで、遮断する低域の音声の周波数帯域を容易に変更することができる。   In addition, the mute 51 with the bass filter can be provided with a tension adjusting mechanism as described with reference to FIG. Therefore, by providing a tension adjusting mechanism in the mute 51 with the bass filter, the frequency band of the low-frequency sound to be blocked can be easily changed.

なお、以上の説明においていう音声とは、人の声に限定するものではなく、可聴域の音全体を意味するものである。   Note that the voice in the above description is not limited to a human voice, but means the whole sound in the audible range.

本発明の実施形態に係る低音フィルタの概略を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the outline of the bass filter which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 張力調整機構の概略の構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram of a tension adjustment mechanism. 低音フィルタの開口部における吸気音の音圧レベルを測定する際の概略の構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram at the time of measuring the sound pressure level of the intake sound in the opening part of a bass filter. 低音フィルタの開口部における吸気音の音圧レベル及び挿入損失を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the sound pressure level and insertion loss of the intake sound in the opening part of a bass filter. 低音フィルタ等の挿入損失を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows insertion loss, such as a bass filter. 本発明の低音フィルタを適用したミュートの概略構成を示す側面断面図及び正面図である。It is side surface sectional drawing and front view which show schematic structure of the mute to which the bass filter of this invention is applied.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１−低音フィルタ ２−吸気管 ３，４−開口端 ５，５２−開口部
６，５３−薄膜 ７−張力調整機構 １１−エンジン
１２−エアクリーナ １３−吸気口 ２１−自動車
２２−エンジンルーム ３１−スピーカ ３２−マイク
４１−ボルト固定具 ４２−リング ４３−孔部
４４−張力調整ボルト ５０−トランペット（管楽器） ５１−ミュート DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1- Bass filter 2-Intake pipe 3,4-Open end 5,52-Open part 6,53-Thin film 7-Tension adjustment mechanism 11-Engine 12-Air cleaner 13-Inlet 21-Automobile 22-Engine room 31-Speaker 32-Microphone 41-Bolt fixture 42-Ring 43-Hole 44-Tension adjustment bolt 50-Trumpet (wind instrument) 51-Mute

Claims (3)

側壁に開口部が形成された管と、
前記開口部を被覆し所定の張力で伸長された薄膜と、を備えたことを特徴とする低音フィルタ。 A tube with an opening formed in the side wall;
A bass filter comprising: a thin film covering the opening and extending at a predetermined tension. ２つの空間の境界の全面または一部に隔壁を設け、その隔壁の全部または一部を所定の張力で張架した薄膜で形成したことを特徴とする低音フィルタ。   A bass filter, characterized in that a partition wall is provided on the entire surface or a part of a boundary between two spaces, and the partition wall is entirely or partially stretched with a predetermined tension. 前記薄膜の張力を変更する張力調整手段を備えた請求項１または２に記載の低音フィルタ。   The bass filter according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising tension adjusting means for changing the tension of the thin film.
JP2004379236A 2004-12-28 2004-12-28 Bass filter Expired - Fee Related JP4701714B2 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009040130A (en) * 2007-08-07 2009-02-26 Yamaha Corp Acoustic device in vehicle
KR100927049B1 (en) 2008-01-30 2009-11-17 (주)삼보텍 Filtering circuit to remove electrical hum from bass
US8177022B2 (en) 2009-04-21 2012-05-15 Yamaha Corporation Transmitted sound control apparatus

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JPS5412701A (en) * 1977-06-27 1979-01-30 Liesse Michel Mechanically operable acoustic filter
JPS6125160B2 (en) * 1979-01-16 1986-06-14 Showa Eng Kk
JPS61199481U (en) * 1985-06-05 1986-12-13
JPH0850489A (en) * 1994-08-05 1996-02-20 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Sound absorbing structure
JPH10281027A (en) * 1997-04-04 1998-10-20 Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd Air intake device of air cleaner in internal combustion engine
JP2001041122A (en) * 1999-07-26 2001-02-13 Inoac Corp Air intake duct
JP2001323853A (en) * 2000-05-17 2001-11-22 Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd Intake air duct and method of manufacturing the same
JP2003062173A (en) * 2001-08-27 2003-03-04 Kpe Inc Slot machine
JP2003113748A (en) * 2001-10-04 2003-04-18 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Intake sound and exhaust sound adjusting structure of engine
WO2004107313A1 (en) * 2003-05-29 2004-12-09 Rion Co., Ltd. Sound insulation/absorption structure, and structure having these applied thereto

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5412701A (en) * 1977-06-27 1979-01-30 Liesse Michel Mechanically operable acoustic filter
JPS6125160B2 (en) * 1979-01-16 1986-06-14 Showa Eng Kk
JPS61199481U (en) * 1985-06-05 1986-12-13
JPH0850489A (en) * 1994-08-05 1996-02-20 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Sound absorbing structure
JPH10281027A (en) * 1997-04-04 1998-10-20 Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd Air intake device of air cleaner in internal combustion engine
JP2001041122A (en) * 1999-07-26 2001-02-13 Inoac Corp Air intake duct
JP2001323853A (en) * 2000-05-17 2001-11-22 Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd Intake air duct and method of manufacturing the same
JP2003062173A (en) * 2001-08-27 2003-03-04 Kpe Inc Slot machine
JP2003113748A (en) * 2001-10-04 2003-04-18 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Intake sound and exhaust sound adjusting structure of engine
WO2004107313A1 (en) * 2003-05-29 2004-12-09 Rion Co., Ltd. Sound insulation/absorption structure, and structure having these applied thereto

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009040130A (en) * 2007-08-07 2009-02-26 Yamaha Corp Acoustic device in vehicle
KR100927049B1 (en) 2008-01-30 2009-11-17 (주)삼보텍 Filtering circuit to remove electrical hum from bass
US8177022B2 (en) 2009-04-21 2012-05-15 Yamaha Corporation Transmitted sound control apparatus

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