JP2006175103A - Blood purifying apparatus and its priming processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure of a blood purifying apparatus which is improved to facilitate a priming processing operation. <P>SOLUTION: The blood purifying apparatus is so constituted that a priming liquid supplying means 32 is connected to the more downstream side than a vein chamber 24 in a blood return duct 14 connected to the blood outflow side of a blood purifier 10 to be made to communicate so that the priming liquid can be supplied into the blood return duct 14, and a pumping means 20 disposed on a blood supply duct 12 which is to be connected to the blood inflow side of the blood purifier 10 is formed to be capable of reverse driving so that the priming liquid supplied into the blood return duct 14 can be made to flow in the blood return duct 14, the vein chamber 24, the blood purifier 10 and the blood supply duct 12 in a reverse direction of the blood circulation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a blood purification apparatus and a priming processing method thereof, and more particularly, in a blood purification apparatus that purifies blood taken out from a patient's body and returns it to the body, before performing the blood purification operation. The present invention relates to a structure of a blood purification apparatus that can be easily processed, and an advantageous priming method for the blood purification apparatus.

  In patients with renal disease and decreased renal function, the excretion function of blood waste products such as urea and creatinine and the function of removing water are reduced, making it difficult to maintain life. Therefore, conventionally, blood purification therapy such as hemodialysis, blood filtration, and hemofiltration dialysis has been performed on such renal failure patients in order to remove blood waste and excess water.

  On the other hand, even in diseases other than kidney diseases such as cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure, water removal by the kidneys may be insufficient. This is not due to a decrease in the function of the kidney itself, but a decrease in the amount of blood carried into the kidney. That is, the amount of blood carried into the kidneys decreases, the amount of blood processed in the kidneys decreases, the amount of water removed from the blood also decreases, and as a result, the amount of water in the blood increases. It is. The increase in the amount of water in the blood increases the risk of causing pulmonary edema and the like. Therefore, for such cardiovascular patients such as heart failure, in order to remove excess water from the blood whose amount of water has increased, for example, an ECUM (extracorporeal ultrafiltration) method, which is one of blood purification treatments, is used. Has been implemented alone.

  And when performing blood purification therapy for circulatory organ patients such as renal failure and heart failure as described above, a blood purification device (dialyzer) in which a semi-permeable membrane is housed and a blood purification device are generally connected. A blood purification apparatus including a blood supply channel and a blood return channel, a blood pump provided on the blood supply channel, and a venous chamber provided on the blood return channel is used (for example, the following patents) Reference 1 and 2).

  As is well known, in this blood purification apparatus, blood taken out from a patient's body through a blood introduction port provided in the blood supply channel is delivered to the blood purifier through the blood supply channel by a blood pump. In this blood purifier, excess water in the blood is removed by ultrafiltration through a semipermeable membrane, or by contact between blood and dialysate through the semipermeable membrane. In order to purify the blood by removing the waste accumulated in the blood by diffusion action according to the concentration gradient of various components of blood and dialysate, and supplying the necessary components to the blood It has become. Then, the purified blood is returned to the patient's body through the blood return channel after the air entrained in the blood is removed in the venous chamber provided on the blood return channel. It is configured as follows.

  By the way, when blood purification operation using such an apparatus is performed, a priming process is performed for the purpose of cleaning the blood purification apparatus and removing air before the start of the operation. That is, in this priming process, first, the inside of the apparatus is removed by rinsing the inside of the apparatus with a priming liquid such as physiological saline, and then the inside of the apparatus is filled with the priming liquid. The air is replaced with a priming solution, which is an indispensable operation for safely performing the blood purification operation.

  However, such a priming process usually introduces a priming liquid into the blood supply channel of the blood purification apparatus, and the priming liquid is in the same direction as the direction of blood flow to be purified in the apparatus. The venous chamber provided on the blood return flow path and the arterial chamber provided on the blood supply flow path trap the air trapped in the blood in the device. Since the space to be formed is formed in the interior, simply introducing the priming liquid into the blood supply flow path and allowing the inside of the apparatus to flow inside the venous chamber or the arterial chamber It was not easy to fill the liquid.

  Therefore, conventionally, the priming liquid flows out from the upper side of each chamber only after the priming liquid flows into the venous chamber or the arterial chamber from the lower side and the chambers are filled with the priming liquid. The blood inlet of the venous chamber or arterial chamber is positioned on the lower side so that the blood outlet is positioned on the upper side, that is, when the blood purification operation is performed, the blood inlet is positioned upside down. In the state, the priming process was performed.

  Therefore, when the conventional blood purification apparatus is used, first, when performing the priming process, the venous chamber or the arterial chamber must be turned upside down and held, which makes the priming process operation complicated. The problem of becoming unavoidable was inevitable.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-15464 JP 2003-265501 A

  Here, the present invention has been made in the background as described above, and the solution is to improve the operation for priming processing more easily. It is in providing the structure of a blood purification apparatus. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method that can simplify the priming process of the blood purification apparatus.

  And, as a result of earnest research to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor devised a supply position of the priming liquid into the blood purification apparatus and a structure for causing the priming liquid to flow inside the apparatus. Thus, it has been found that the above problems can be solved. Then, the present invention has been completed by further specifying the arrangement structure of the priming liquid supply means for supplying the priming liquid to the inside of the blood purification apparatus, the flow form of the priming liquid inside the apparatus, and the like. .

That is, this invention is comprised from the following invention.
(1) A blood purifier for purifying blood, a blood supply passage connected to the blood purifier, and supplying blood to be purified, which is taken out from the body through the blood inlet, to the blood purifier, Pump means provided on the blood supply flow path for sending blood to the blood purifier, and blood return connected to the blood purifier and for returning blood purified by the blood purifier to the body In a blood purification apparatus comprising a flow path and a venous chamber provided on the blood return flow path and storing a part of the blood in the blood return flow path, than the venous chamber on the blood return flow path A priming liquid supply means for supplying a priming liquid into the blood return flow path is provided by being connected to the blood return flow path portion on the downstream side in the blood flow direction and communicating with the blood return flow path. The pump means is configured to be capable of reverse drive, and the priming liquid supplied from the priming liquid supply means into the blood return flow path is directed toward the blood inlet by the reverse drive of the pump means. A blood purification apparatus, wherein the inside of each of the return flow path, the venous chamber, the blood purifier, and the blood supply flow path is made to flow in a direction opposite to the direction of blood flow.
(2) A connecting portion for connecting the priming liquid supply means and the blood return flow path portion is provided, and a communication port for connecting the priming liquid supply means to the blood return flow path with respect to the connection portion; (1), wherein a closing means for closing the communication port is provided, and an opening mechanism for releasing the closed state of the communication port by the closing means and opening the communication port is provided. Blood purification device.
(3) The blood purification apparatus according to (1) or (2), wherein the priming liquid supply means is connected to a terminal on the downstream side in the blood flow direction in the blood return flow path portion.
(4) The blood purification according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the priming liquid supply means is detachably connected to the blood return flow path portion. apparatus.
(5) A blood that further includes at least the blood purifier and the venous chamber, and blood that allows the blood purifier and the venous chamber to circulate through the holding body. The blood purification device according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the blood purification device is held in a state where the flow directions of the two are positioned in the same direction.
(6) The blood purification apparatus according to the above (5), further comprising vibration means for vibrating the holding body.
(7) Detection means for detecting the stop of the supply of the priming liquid from the priming liquid supply means into the blood return channel, and the pump means based on the detection of the supply stop of the priming liquid by the detection means The blood purification apparatus according to any one of the above (1) to (6), further comprising control means for controlling driving of the pump means so as to stop the reverse rotation driving of the pump.
(8) Detection means for detecting the stop of the supply of the priming liquid from the priming liquid supply means into the blood return channel, and the detection of the stop of the supply of the priming liquid by the detection means. The blood purification apparatus according to any one of (1) to (7), further including a notification unit that notifies the supply stop.
(9) having a dialysate flow path connected to the blood purifier, and performing inflow of the dialysate into the blood purifier and outflow of the dialysate from the blood purifier through the dialysate flow path; The blood purification apparatus according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein a dialysate circulation means is further provided.
(10) A blood purifier for purifying blood, a blood supply channel connected to the blood purifier, and for supplying blood to be purified, which is taken out from the body through the blood inlet, to the blood purifier, Pump means provided on the blood supply flow path for sending blood to the blood purifier, and blood return connected to the blood purifier and for returning blood purified by the blood purifier to the body In a method for performing a priming process on a blood purification apparatus including a flow path and a venous chamber that is provided on the blood return flow path and stores a part of the blood in the blood return flow path, a predetermined priming solution Is supplied to the blood return flow path portion on the blood return flow path downstream of the venous chamber in the blood flow direction, while the pump means is driven in the reverse direction to drive the pump supplied into the blood return flow path. By causing imming fluid to flow toward the blood introduction port in the blood return flow path, the venous chamber, the blood purifier, and the blood supply flow path in the direction opposite to the direction of blood flow. A priming treatment method for a blood purification apparatus, wherein the priming liquid is filled in each of the blood return flow path, the venous chamber, the blood purifier, and the blood supply flow path.
(11) While supplying the priming solution into the blood return channel, the pump means is driven to rotate in reverse for a fixed time, and then driven to rotate in a shorter time than the fixed time. The blood purification apparatus according to (10), wherein the priming solution supplied into the blood return flow path is caused to flow toward the blood introduction port by repeatedly performing a driving pattern to be squeezed. Priming method.

  In the blood purification apparatus according to the present invention, when the priming process is performed, the venous chamber provided on the blood return channel has the inflow port positioned on the upper side and the outflow port positioned on the lower side. That is, the priming liquid supplied from the priming liquid supply means into the blood return flow path flows back through the inside of the apparatus by the reverse drive of the pump means even if it is placed in the same state as when performing the blood purification operation. Then, after flowing into the venous chamber from the lower side through the outflow port and filling the venous chamber with the priming liquid, the venous chamber can be discharged from the venous chamber through the inflow port. Therefore, unlike conventional devices, the need for cumbersome and extra operations to invert and hold the venous chamber during the priming process can be advantageously eliminated.

  Therefore, according to such a blood purification apparatus, simplification and speed-up of the priming processing operation prior to the blood purification operation can be realized extremely effectively.

  Further, in the priming processing method of the blood purification apparatus according to the present invention, the priming liquid is supplied into the blood return portion downstream of the venous chamber on the blood return flow path in the blood flow direction, and the pump means is simply driven in reverse. It is possible to reverse the priming solution supplied in the blood return flow path inside the device by simply letting it in, so that the priming solution can be introduced into the venous chamber without changing the arrangement form of the venous chamber. It can be filled.

  Therefore, even with the method of the present invention, the priming process of the blood purification apparatus can be performed more easily and quickly.

  Moreover, in such a priming processing method of the present invention, the driving pattern for driving the pump means forward / reversely is repeated, and the priming liquid supplied into the blood return channel is swung toward the blood introduction port. If the configuration in which the blood purification apparatus is made to flow is adopted, for example, air bubbles remain on the inner wall surface of the venous chamber, blood purification device, blood return flow path, blood supply flow path, etc., and air remains in the apparatus. Such a thing can be effectively prevented. Therefore, the priming process can be performed more reliably.

  Hereinafter, in order to clarify the present invention more specifically, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  First, FIG. 1 schematically shows a system diagram showing an ECUM device as an embodiment of a blood purification device having a structure according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a blood purifier having a structure similar to that of a conventional dialyzer, and a hollow fiber-shaped semi-permeable material functioning as an ultrafiltration filter inside a cylindrical box. A membrane is housed and configured.

  A blood supply channel 12 for guiding blood from the patient's body is connected to one end side of the blood purifier 10 in the axial direction. In addition, a blood return flow path 14 for returning blood that has flowed out of the blood purifier 10 to the patient's body is connected to the other end side. In the blood supply channel 12, the tip opening on the side opposite to the side connected to the blood purifier 10 is a blood introduction port 16, and the patient's artery is connected to the blood introduction port 16. A known arterial puncture needle (not shown) punctured to the side is attached. On the other hand, the blood return channel 14 has a blood return port 18 at the tip opening opposite to the side connected to the blood purifier 10, and a known vein punctured on the vein side of the patient. A side puncture needle (not shown) is attached.

  A known blood pump 20 as a pump means is provided on the blood supply channel 12. Here, the blood pump 20 is constituted by, for example, a roller pump, and in particular, the roller can be rotated forward and backward. As a result, it is possible to drive forward rotation or reverse rotation according to the rotation direction of the roller. Then, after the blood pump 20 is driven to rotate forward, the blood introduced into the blood supply channel 12 is sent into the blood purifier 10 and circulated through the blood purifier 10. The blood purifier 10 is allowed to flow out into the blood return channel 14.

  Further, an arterial chamber 22 and a venous chamber 24 having a known structure are disposed on the blood supply channel 12 and the blood return channel 14 in the blood channel, respectively. In the arterial chamber 22 and the venous chamber 24, the air entrained in the blood flowing through the blood supply passage 12, the blood return passage 14, and the blood purifier 10 is removed. ing.

  Further, a stenosis member 26 for constricting the blood return channel 14 is provided on the blood return channel 14 upstream of the venous chamber 24 in the blood flow direction. The constricting member 26 is not particularly limited as long as it can constrict the blood return channel 14. For example, a constricting member such as a clamp used for adjusting the amount of infusion at the time of infusion, etc. Or a tube having a small inner diameter can be used.

  Thus, in the ECUM device of the present embodiment, the arterial puncture needle and the venous puncture needle are respectively attached to the blood introduction port 16 of the blood supply channel 12 and the blood return port 18 of the blood return channel 14. These puncture needles are punctured on the arterial side and the vein side of the patient, respectively, so that the blood of the patient is supplied to the blood supply channel 12, the blood circulation site of the blood purifier 10, and the blood return channel 14. However, extracorporeal circulation is possible from the blood introduction port 16 side toward the blood return port 18 side. That is, in the present embodiment, the blood flow path is constituted by the blood supply flow path 12, the blood circulation site in the blood purifier 10, the blood return flow path 14, the arterial chamber 22, and the venous chamber 24. .

  In this case, the blood return flow path 14 that constitutes a part of the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24 and through which the blood discharged from the blood purifier 10 circulates is constricted by the constriction member 26. As a result, the pressure of the blood supplied into the blood purifier 10 is increased, and a predetermined ultrafiltration pressure (positive pressure) is applied to the blood. As a result, the blood purifier 10 Then, ultrafiltration is performed to remove excess water from the blood. That is, an ECUM operation for removing excess water from the blood is thus performed. The water (filtrate) removed from the blood is discharged to the outside through the waste liquid discharge passage 28 connected to the blood purifier 10.

  By the way, in the ECUM device of the present embodiment having such a structure, the priming solution made of physiological saline is supplied to the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24 before the ECUM operation described above is performed. A special structure is provided for leading inwardly.

  That is, here, the priming liquid supply flow path 30 is connected to the end portion closest to the blood return port 18 on the downstream side in the blood flow direction from the venous chamber 24 in the blood return flow path 14. A priming liquid bag 32 is connected to the end of the priming liquid supply flow path 30 opposite to the connection side to the blood return flow path 14. In the priming solution bag 32, the priming solution (physiological saline) is accommodated in an amount exceeding at least twice the total volume of the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, and 24. Further, the priming liquid bag 32 and the priming liquid supply flow path 30 are detachably connected with one touch via a connection connector 33 attached to the priming liquid bag 32, and such a connection connector 33 is also provided. As a result, the inside of the priming liquid bag 32 and the inside of the priming liquid supply channel 30 can be brought into communication with each other.

  As a result, for example, one of several priming solution bags 32 having different priming solution storage capacities is appropriately selected according to the total volume of the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24, etc. The priming liquid supply flow path 30 can be easily connected, and the priming liquid supply flow path 30 is immediately connected to the priming liquid supply flow path 30 by the connection of the priming liquid supply flow path 30 to the priming liquid supply path 32. Can be filled.

  A cock 34 is attached to the end of the priming solution supply channel 30 on the connection side to the blood return channel 14. The cock 34 has a known structure, and the communication port (not shown) with the blood return channel 14 in the priming liquid supply channel 30 is closed by rotating the knob 36 so that they are closed. The state where the priming liquid supply channel 30 and the blood return channel 14 are not communicated with each other, the closed state of the communication port is eliminated, the communication port is opened, and the priming solution supply channel 30 and the blood return channel 14 are opened. Are in a state where they can communicate with each other.

  Thus, the priming liquids stored in the priming liquid supply flow path 30 and the priming liquid bag 32 are respectively connected to the blood return flow path 14 through a communication port (not shown) based on the turning operation of the knob 36 of the cock 34. Are introduced into the portion in the immediate vicinity of the blood return port 18 on the downstream side in the blood flow direction from the venous chamber 24. As will be described later, the priming liquid supplied into the blood return flow path 14 is driven in reverse by the blood pump 20, so that the blood introduction port 16 passes through the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24. Towards the side, the blood to be filtered during the ECUM operation is allowed to flow in the direction opposite to the direction in which the blood is circulated. Further, as is apparent from these, in the present embodiment, the priming liquid bag 32 constitutes a priming liquid supply means, and the priming liquid supply flow path 30 constitutes a connection portion. The cock 34 constitutes a closing means and an opening mechanism.

  As a detection means comprising a known level sensor or the like for detecting the presence or absence of the priming liquid in the priming liquid supply flow path 30 upstream of the cock 34 in the priming liquid supply flow path 30 in the priming liquid flow direction. A priming liquid detection sensor 37 is provided. Further, the priming liquid detection sensor 37 is electrically connected to a controller 38 as a control means for controlling the driving of the blood pump 20, and the priming liquid stored in the priming liquid supply channel 30. When the signal disappears, a predetermined signal can be output to the controller 38. On the other hand, the controller 38 stops the driving of the blood pump 20 when such a signal is input from the priming fluid detection sensor 37, and uses a notifier (not shown) as a built-in notifying means to perform a predetermined operation. The buzzer sound can be emitted.

  As a result, the total amount of the priming liquid stored in the priming liquid bag 32 and the priming liquid supply flow path 30 in an amount larger than the amount filling the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24 is reduced. When both the priming liquid bag 32 and the priming liquid supply flow path 30 are supplied to the blood return flow path 14 and the priming liquid supply flow path 30 becomes empty, the driving of the blood pump 20 is stopped and the blood return flow path 14 is set. A buzzer sound is generated to notify that the supply of the priming liquid to has been completed.

  In the ECUM device according to the present embodiment, various members (components) constituting the device are held by a holding panel 39 as a holding body.

  The holding panel 39 is made of a relatively hard flat plate that is not easily bent and deformed, and has a flat holding surface 40 on one side. The holding surface 40 has a bifurcated holding claw 42 and a holding pin. 44 is provided. Then, in a state where the holding panel 39 is upright so that the holding surface 40 extends in the vertical direction, for example, a vertical surface, the blood purifier 10 is substantially at the center of the holding panel 39 in the upright state. The two holding claws 42, 42 provided between the blood supply flow path 12 and the blood return flow path 14 are connected to the blood supply flow path 12. The side panel is held by the holding panel 39 in a state where the side ends are respectively positioned on the lower side.

  Further, the blood supply flow path 12 and the blood return flow path 14 connected to the blood purifier 10 are respectively provided on the holding surface 40 of the holding panel 39 at both side portions sandwiching the blood purifier 10 therebetween. In addition to being held by a number of holding claws 42, each tip end portion can be extended downward from the lower end edge of the holding panel 39 by a predetermined length so that the tip portions can be freely repositioned. In such a state, it is attached to the holding panel 39.

  Furthermore, the arterial chamber 22 provided on the blood supply channel 12 is stored in the holding surface 40 of the holding panel 39 with the blood inlet in the blood supply channel 12 positioned on the upper side. The blood outlet is held by the holding claws 42 in a state where the blood outlet is positioned on the lower side. Similarly to the arterial chamber 22, the venous chamber 24 provided on the blood return channel 14 is also allowed to flow out of the blood purifier 10 on the holding surface 40 and circulate in the blood return channel 14. Is held by the holding claws 42 in a state where the inflow port is located on the upper side and the outflow port of the blood stored therein is located on the lower side.

  Thereby, the blood introduced into the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24 through the blood introduction port 16 moves from the upper side to the lower side of the blood purifier 10, the arterial chamber 22, and the venous chamber 24. The blood purifier 10, the arterial chamber 22, and the venous chamber 24 are held and attached to the holding panel 39 in an upright state so that they can flow in the same direction.

  Furthermore, the priming liquid bag 32 connected to the blood return flow path 14 via the priming liquid supply flow path 30 is also hooked by the holding pins 44 erected on the holding surface 40 of the holding panel 39. The holding panel 39 is held.

  The arterial chamber 22 and the venous chamber 24 provided on the blood supply flow path 12 and the blood return flow path 14 do not necessarily have to be directly held by the holding panel 39, and they are not necessarily held by the holding panel. The blood supply flow path 12 and the blood return flow path 14 are held by the holding panel 39 without being held at all by the holding panel 39, so that they are indirectly held by the holding panel 39. Alternatively, for example, it is possible to be attached to the blood purifier 10 so as to be held by the holding panel 39 via the blood purifier 10.

  In addition, one mounting hole 46 having a long hole shape extending in the left-right direction is provided at each of the four corners of the holding panel 39 where the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24 are held as described above. It has been. Then, in a state where the holding surface 40 is erected so as to be a vertical surface, a mounting pin 48 provided on a stand or a wall (not shown) is provided in the four mounting holes 46, and the inner peripheral surface of each mounting hole 46. Is inserted so as to be slidable. As a result, the holding panel 39 is erected in a state where it is erected and displaceable in the left-right direction in FIG.

  Furthermore, the ECUM device of the present embodiment is provided with a vibration generator 50 as a vibration means. The vibration generator 50 has a drive arm 52 extending upward, and the drive arm 52 has a relatively small stroke with a known structure, and the horizontal direction in FIG. 1 (arrow in FIG. 1). Direction) in a reciprocating manner (driven). The drive arm 52 of the vibration generator 50 is engaged with and attached to the holding claws 42 provided at one of the corners of the holding surface 40 of the holding panel 39 on both the left and right side surfaces. Accordingly, the holding panel 39 is vibrated in the left-right direction based on the reciprocating movement of the drive arm 52 of the vibration generator 50.

  Thus, in the ECUM device of this embodiment having such a structure, the priming process using the priming liquid in the priming liquid bag 32 is performed before the ECUM operation as described above is performed. However, the priming process operation is performed as follows, for example.

  That is, first, the end of the blood supply channel 12 on the blood inlet 16 side is fixed to, for example, a bucket. In this state, the knob 36 of the cock 34 is opened. As a result, the priming liquids stored in the priming liquid supply flow path 30 and the priming liquid bag 32 respectively pass through the communication port (not shown), and the blood downstream of the venous chamber 24 in the blood return flow path 14 in the blood flow direction. It is introduced into the portion closest to the return port 18.

  Next, when the vibration generator 50 is driven, the holding plate 39 is vibrated left and right based on the reciprocating movement of the drive arm 52. At the same time, the blood pump 20 is continuously driven in reverse. As a result, the priming liquid supplied into the blood return channel 14 moves from the blood return port 18 side toward the blood introduction port 16 side, the blood return channel 14, the venous chamber 24, the blood purifier 10, and the blood supply flow. The blood flow path 10, 12, 14, 22, 24 comprising the passage 12 and the arterial chamber 22 is caused to flow in a direction opposite to the blood flow direction to be filtered in the ECUM operation.

  When the priming fluid flows back in the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24, the priming fluid flows into the venous chamber 24, the blood purifier 10, and the arterial chamber 22. Are placed in the same manner as when the ECUM operation is performed, in other words, the blood inlet at the time of execution of the ECUM operation is positioned on the upper side, and such a blood outlet is provided. The priming solution is first introduced into the venous chamber 24 from the blood outlet in a state where it is positioned so as to be positioned on the lower side. Then, after the inside of the venous chamber 24 is filled with the priming solution, it is allowed to flow out through the blood inlet. Subsequently, the blood purifier 10, the arterial chamber 22, and the venous chamber 24 are all filled with the priming liquid from the blood outlet and filled with the priming liquid. The priming solution is allowed to flow out through the blood inlet. Thus, all of the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24 are filled with the priming solution.

  At this time, as described above, the priming solution bag 32 contains the priming solution in an amount exceeding at least twice the total volume of the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24, as described above. Then, after the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24 are filled with the priming liquid, the priming liquid is further supplied into the blood return flow path 14, and blood is supplied by an amount corresponding to the supply amount. The priming liquid in the flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24 is discharged from the blood inlet 16 into the bucket or the like.

  As a result, the blood flow passages 10, 12, 14, 22, 24 are washed away with the priming solution, and foreign matters or the like existing in the blood flow passages 10, 12, 14, 22, 24 are discharged into a bucket or the like. The priming liquid is washed away to the outside. At the same time, the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24 are filled with the priming liquid, so that the air in the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24 is replaced with the priming liquid. Become so. Thus, the priming process is performed for the purpose of cleaning the inside of the ECUM device and removing air.

  In this operation, as described above, the vibration generator 50 is driven simultaneously with the reverse drive of the blood pump 20, and the holding plate 39 holding the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24 is moved to the left and right. Since it can be vibrated, the priming liquid is swung in the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24, thereby forming the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24. It is possible to prevent the bubbles from adhering to the inner surface of each member.

  Note that the driving of the blood pump 20 for performing the reverse flow of the priming liquid in the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, and 24 is not limited to simply continuously reverse driving. For example, the blood pump 20 may be driven while repeating a drive pattern in which the blood pump 20 is driven in reverse rotation for a predetermined time and then is driven in normal rotation for a time shorter than the reverse drive time. In such a case, the priming liquid is allowed to flow toward the blood inlet 16 while being swung in the front-rear direction of the flow direction in the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24. become. This also makes it possible to reliably prevent bubbles from adhering to the inner surfaces of the members constituting the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24.

  When the entire amount of the priming liquid in the priming liquid bag 32 and the priming liquid supply flow path 30 is supplied into the blood return flow path 14 and the priming liquid bag 32 and the priming liquid supply flow path 30 become empty, This is detected by the priming solution detection sensor 37, and the driving of the blood pump 20 is automatically stopped by the controller 38, so that the priming process is ended. Further, the end of the priming process is notified to the operator (operator) by a buzzer sound emitted from the controller 38.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, when the priming process is performed, in order to fill the priming solution into the arterial chamber 22 or the venous chamber 24, unlike the case where the conventional apparatus is used, for example, the chambers 22 are provided. , 24 is turned upside down and held, and the picking of the cock 34 provided on the priming liquid supply channel 30 is simply performed without any troublesome work of starting the supply of the priming liquid. By simply opening the portion 36, the supply of the priming liquid into the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24 is started, and the blood supply flow of the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24 is started. The priming solution can be surely filled into the arterial chamber 22 and the venous chamber 24 as well as the passage 12, the blood return channel 14, and the blood purifier 10. Going on.

  Therefore, according to this embodiment, the priming process of the ECUM device can be performed very easily. As a result, the operability in the priming process, and thus the ECUM operation requiring such a process, can be dramatically improved.

  In the ECUM device of the present embodiment, the priming liquid bag 32 is connected to the blood return flow path 14 via the priming liquid supply flow path 30, and the cock 34 is provided on the priming liquid supply flow path 30. And the communication port between the priming liquid supply channel 30 and the blood return channel 14 is opened and closed based on the turning operation of the knob 36 of the cock 34. The structure for supplying the priming liquid into the blood return channel 14 can be realized in a relatively simple structure.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the priming liquid supply flow path 30 is located downstream of the venous chamber 24 in the blood return flow path 14 in the blood flow direction and at the end portion closest to the blood return opening 18. Therefore, by performing the priming process, almost all of the blood return flow path 14 can be filled with the priming liquid, whereby the entire apparatus is cleaned with the priming liquid and the air is removed. This can be done more reliably.

  Furthermore, in the ECUM device according to the present embodiment, the priming liquid bag 32 and the priming liquid supply channel 30 are detachable, so that, for example, several priming liquids having different priming liquid capacities are provided. Of the liquid bags 32, those appropriately selected according to the total volume of the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, and 24 can be easily connected to the priming liquid supply flow path 30. It has become. Therefore, for example, fluctuations in the total extension distance of the blood supply flow path 12 and the blood return flow path 14 and addition of various members and parts other than the arterial chamber 22 and the venous chamber 24 on each of the flow paths 12 and 14. Even if the total volume in the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24 may change due to the above, an appropriate priming process can be reliably performed by simple replacement of the priming solution bag. . As a result, the safety of the ECUM operation performed after the priming process can be ensured extremely effectively.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the blood purifier 10 and the arterial and venous chambers 22 and 24 are positioned so that blood to be filtered flows from the upper side to the lower side. The blood supply channel 12, the blood return channel 14, and the priming fluid bag 32, together with the vessel 10 and the arterial and venous chambers 22, 24, are held and attached to a single holding plate 39. Therefore, the handleability of the entire ECUM device can be advantageously improved.

  Further, in the ECUM device of the present embodiment, when the priming liquid detection sensor 37 detects the stop of the supply of the priming liquid from the priming liquid bag 32 and the priming liquid supply flow path 30 to the blood return flow path 14. Since the driving of the blood pump 20 is automatically stopped and the priming process is terminated, the priming process can be performed more efficiently. In addition, since the end of such a priming process is notified to the operator by a buzzer sound emitted from the controller 38, for example, when the operator performs the priming process, the end of the priming process is completed. There is an advantage that it can be advantageously released from the troublesomeness of monitoring whether or not.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the holding plate 39 is vibrated by the vibration generator 50, so that bubbles are advantageously prevented from adhering to the inner surfaces of the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent air from remaining inside the apparatus. Therefore, the priming process can be more reliably performed, and the safety of the ECUM operation performed after the priming process can be further enhanced.

  Further, in the present embodiment, when the priming process is performed, the blood pump 20 is driven to reversely rotate for a certain time, and then a driving pattern in which the blood pump 20 is driven to rotate forward for a time shorter than the reverse driving time is repeated. Driving the blood pump 20 according to such a driving system, since the attachment of bubbles to the inner surfaces of the blood flow paths 10, 12, 14, 22, 24 can be advantageously prevented. By simultaneously performing the vibration of the holding plate 39 as described above, the effect of preventing air from remaining inside the apparatus can be ensured at a higher level, and thus the safety in the ECUM operation can be greatly improved. .

  The specific configuration of the present invention has been described in detail above. However, this is merely an example, and the present invention is not limited by the above description.

  For example, as the priming liquid supply means, those having a structure other than the illustrated bag shape and capable of containing the priming liquid can be used.

  In the embodiment, the cock 34 having both the closing means and the structure of the opening mechanism is provided on the priming liquid supply flow path 30 so that the communication port between the priming liquid supply flow path 30 and the blood return flow path 14 is provided. , Which can be opened and closed based on the turning operation of the knob 36 of the cock 34, for example, as a closing means for closing the communication port between the priming liquid supply channel 30 and the blood return channel 14. While the partition member or the like is installed, an opening mechanism that eliminates the closed state of the communication port between the priming liquid supply channel 30 and the blood return channel 14 by destroying or damaging the partition member is provided as a partition unit. You may provide separately from a member. In this case, the communication port between the priming liquid supply flow channel 30 and the blood return flow channel 14 has a structure in which the closed state is canceled by the opening mechanism but is not returned to the closed state again.

  Further, in order to supply the priming liquid from the priming liquid supply means to the blood return flow path, for example, a puncture needle attached to the blood return port 18 of the blood return flow path 14 is attached to the priming liquid bag 32 as the priming liquid supply means. By piercing, the priming solution bag 32 and the blood return channel 14 are connected in communication through the puncture needle so that the priming solution is directly supplied from the priming solution bag 32 into the blood return channel 14. It is also possible to do it. According to this, the priming liquid supply channel 30 and the cock 34 can be omitted, and the structure of the entire apparatus can be advantageously simplified.

  Furthermore, the pump means is not particularly limited to the blood pump 20 composed of the illustrated roller pump, and any pump conventionally equipped in the blood purification apparatus can be adopted as long as it can be driven forward and backward. Can be done.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the specific example of what applied this invention with respect to ECUM apparatus and its priming processing method was shown, this invention is other than hemodialysis apparatus, blood filtration apparatus, or blood filtration. It goes without saying that the present invention can be advantageously applied to dialysis apparatuses and further to the priming method of these apparatuses.

  When the present invention is applied to such a hemodialysis apparatus or a hemofiltration dialysis apparatus, for example, the ECUM apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is used for discharging water removed from blood. The waste liquid discharge flow path 28 is used as a dialysate discharge flow path (28) for discharging the dialysate discharge liquid to the outside, and as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. Thus, the dialysate supply channel 54 for supplying fresh dialysate is connected. According to such a structure, the priming process for the hemodialysis apparatus or the hemofiltration dialysis apparatus can be performed very easily.

  In addition, although not enumerated one by one, the present invention can be carried out in a mode to which various changes, modifications, improvements, etc. are added based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art. It goes without saying that all are included in the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

It is a systematic diagram which shows an example of the blood purification apparatus according to this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Blood purifier 12 Blood supply flow path 14 Blood return flow path 16 Blood introduction port 18 Blood return port 20 Blood pump 22 Arterial chamber 24 Vein chamber 30 Priming liquid supply flow path 32 Priming liquid bag 34 Cock 37 Priming liquid detection sensor 38 Controller 39 Holding panel 50 Vibration generator

Claims (11)

A blood purifier for purifying blood, a blood supply channel connected to the blood purifier, for supplying the blood to be purified taken out from the body through the blood inlet, and the blood supply A pump means provided on the flow path for delivering blood to the blood purifier; a blood return flow path connected to the blood purifier and for returning blood purified by the blood purifier to the body; A blood purification apparatus comprising a venous chamber provided on the blood return flow path and storing a part of the blood in the blood return flow path,
A priming solution is supplied into the blood return flow path by being connected to the blood return flow path portion on the blood return flow path downstream of the venous chamber in the blood flow direction and communicating with the blood return flow path. Priming liquid supply means is provided, and the pump means is configured to be reversely driven, and the priming liquid supplied from the priming liquid supply means into the blood return flow path is driven by reverse rotation of the pump means. The blood return channel, the venous chamber, the blood purifier, and the blood supply channel can be made to flow in the direction opposite to the direction of blood flow toward the blood introduction port. The blood purification apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.   A connecting portion for connecting the priming liquid supply means and the blood return flow path portion is provided, and a communication port for connecting the priming liquid supply means to the blood return flow path with respect to the connection portion, and the communication The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a closing means for closing the mouth, and further provided with an opening mechanism for releasing the closed state of the communication port by the closing means and opening the communication port. .   The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the priming liquid supply means is connected to a terminal on the downstream side in the blood flow direction in the blood return flow path portion.   The blood purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the priming liquid supply means is detachably connected to the blood return flow path portion.   A blood flow direction in which the blood purifier and the venous chamber are circulated through the holding body that further holds at least the blood purifier and the venous chamber. The blood purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the blood purification apparatus is held in a state of being positioned so as to be in the same direction.   6. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising vibration means for vibrating the holding body.   Detection means for detecting the stop of the supply of the priming liquid from the priming liquid supply means into the blood return flow path, and the reverse drive of the pump means based on detection of the supply stop of the priming liquid by the detection means The blood purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising control means for controlling driving of the pump means so as to stop the operation.   Detection means for detecting the stop of the supply of the priming liquid from the priming liquid supply means into the blood return flow path, and the supply stop of the priming liquid based on detection of the supply stop of the priming liquid by the detection means The blood purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising an informing means for informing the user.   A dialysate having a dialysate flow path connected to the blood purifier and allowing the dialysate to flow into the blood purifier through the dialysate flow path and to flow out of the dialysate from the blood purifier The blood purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a circulation means. A blood purifier for purifying blood, a blood supply channel connected to the blood purifier, for supplying the blood to be purified taken out from the body through the blood inlet, and the blood supply A pump means provided on the flow path for delivering blood to the blood purifier; a blood return flow path connected to the blood purifier and for returning blood purified by the blood purifier to the body; A method for performing a priming process on a blood purification apparatus provided on the blood return flow path and having a venous chamber for storing a part of the blood in the blood return flow path,
A predetermined priming solution is supplied to the blood return flow path portion on the blood return flow path downstream of the venous chamber in the blood flow direction, while the pump means is driven in reverse to be supplied into the blood return flow path. The priming solution thus flowed in the blood return channel, the venous chamber, the blood purifier, and the blood supply channel in the direction opposite to the direction of blood flow toward the blood inlet. A priming treatment method for a blood purification apparatus, wherein the priming liquid is filled in each of the blood return flow path, the venous chamber, the blood purifier, and the blood supply flow path. A driving pattern in which the priming liquid is supplied into the blood return flow path, while the pump unit is driven in reverse rotation for a certain period of time and then is driven in normal rotation for a time shorter than the certain period of time. The priming treatment method of the blood purification apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the priming solution supplied into the blood return flow path is made to flow toward the blood introduction port while being oscillated by repeatedly performing .

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