JP2006174555A - Motive power output device, and automobile mounting it, and method of controlling power output device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve power performance by making an accumulator and a generator, which can feed a motor, exhibit their ability. <P>SOLUTION: In an automobile which can feed a motor with power by an alternator, which generates power by the motive power from an engine, and a battery, temporary battery power Pbat is set, and also alternator power Palt is set, based on the set temporary power Pbat, and the sum of both pieces of power is stored as superposed power Psup (S220-270). This treatment is repeated by adding specified power ΔP at a time until the temporary battery power Pbat becomes battery output limit Wbo or over and updating the temporary battery power Pbat, and the largest one among the two or more pieces of synthetic power Psup stored is set to output limit Wout that it may output from the alternator and the battery (S300). The motor is controlled within the range of output limit Wout. Hereby, the power performance can be improved by making the alternator and the battery exhibit their ability. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a power output apparatus that outputs driving power, an automobile equipped with the same, and a control method for the power output apparatus.

Conventionally, as this type of power output device, an engine that outputs power for traveling to the front wheels, an alternator that generates electric power from the power from the engine, and power for traveling to the rear wheels using electric power from the alternator are output. A device including a motor, a battery connected in parallel to the alternator with respect to the motor, and a DC voltage converter capable of converting electric power from the alternator and supplying it to an electric load (auxiliary machine) has been proposed (for example, , See Patent Document 1). In this device, when the remaining capacity of the battery is low or the power consumption of the electric load is higher than a predetermined value, the power supply to the motor is stopped and the power from the alternator is supplied to the electric load via the DC voltage converter. ing.
JP 2000-245008 A

  However, in the above-described power output device, the performance of the alternator and the battery cannot be fully exhibited, and the power performance may be lowered. Due to its characteristics, the output of the alternator varies depending on the output of the battery even if the field current applied to the field coil is maximized. For this reason, even if the battery output is the maximum, the sum of the battery output and the alternator output (composite output) may not be the maximum, and the performance of the alternator and the battery cannot be fully demonstrated. Power performance may be reduced.

  The power output device of the present invention, the automobile on which the power output device is mounted, and the control method for the power output device are one of the purposes for achieving the performance of the power supply device including the generator and the power storage device. In addition, the power output device of the present invention, the automobile on which the power output device is mounted, and the control method of the power output device are intended to further improve the power performance by exerting the performance of the power feeding device including the generator and the power storage device. I will.

  In order to achieve at least a part of the above object, the power output apparatus of the present invention, the automobile equipped with the power output apparatus, and the control method of the power output apparatus employ the following means.

The power output apparatus of the present invention is
A power output device that outputs driving power,
An electric motor capable of outputting driving power;
A power supply means having power storage means capable of supplying power to the electric motor, and a generator capable of generating electric power with a predetermined characteristic according to the output of the power storage means by input of external force and supplying power to the motor;
An output of the power storage means that satisfies a predetermined condition within a range of maximum output that can be output from the power storage means and an output of the generator according to the output are determined, and the power feeding means is based on the determined sum of both outputs Allowable output setting means for setting the allowable output that can be supplied from,
And a control means for controlling the driving of the motor so that driving power is output from the motor within the set allowable output range when the driving of the motor is requested.

  In the power output device of the present invention, the output of the power storage means that satisfies a predetermined condition within the range of the maximum output that can be output from the power storage means and the output of the generator corresponding to the output are determined, and the sum of the determined outputs is obtained. Based on the allowable output that can be supplied from the power supply means having the power storage means and the generator, and the motor is requested to drive, the driving power is output from the motor within the set allowable output range. Is controlled. Therefore, the capability of the power supply means can be exhibited. As a result, it is possible to further improve the power performance of the electric motor that receives power from the power feeding means.

  In the power output apparatus of the present invention, the predetermined condition may be a condition in which the sum of the two outputs is in the vicinity of the maximum value. In this way, the ability of the power supply means can be maximized.

  The power output apparatus of the present invention further includes voltage conversion supply means capable of converting the output of the generator into voltage and supplying the output to the auxiliary equipment, and the control means is provided from the voltage conversion supply means to the auxiliary equipment. It can also be a means for controlling the drive of the electric motor based on the output. In this way, it is possible to drive and control the electric motor in consideration of the output of the power conversion supply means.

  Furthermore, the power output apparatus of the present invention may include an internal combustion engine, and the generator may be a generator that generates electric power based on rotation of the internal combustion engine.

The automobile of the present invention
The power output apparatus of the present invention according to any one of the above-described aspects, that is, a power output apparatus that basically outputs driving power, and an electric motor that can output driving power, and the motor Power supply means having power storage means capable of power supply, a power generator capable of generating electric power with a predetermined characteristic according to the output of the power storage means by external force input and supplying power to the motor, and a maximum output that can be output from the power storage means An allowable output that determines an output of the power storage unit that satisfies a predetermined condition in a range and an output of the generator according to the output, and sets an allowable output that can be supplied from the power supply unit based on the determined sum of both outputs A power output device comprising: an output setting unit; and a control unit that controls driving of the motor so that driving power is output from the motor within the set allowable output range when driving of the motor is requested. To And it is required to.

  In the automobile of the present invention, the power output device of the present invention according to any one of the above-described aspects is mounted, so that the same effect as the effect of the power output device of the present invention, for example, the ability of the power feeding means is exhibited. The effect which can improve the motive power performance of the electric motor which receives electric power from the electric power feeding means from the electric power feeding means, etc. can be produced.

  Such an automobile of the present invention includes an internal combustion engine capable of outputting power to the first wheel, wherein the generator is a generator that generates electric power based on rotation of the internal combustion engine, and the electric motor includes the first wheel An electric motor that can output power to a second wheel different from the wheel may be used.

The method for controlling the power output apparatus of the present invention includes:
An electric motor capable of outputting driving power; an electric storage unit capable of supplying electric power to the electric motor; and an electric generator capable of generating electric power with a predetermined characteristic according to an output of the electric storage unit by inputting an external force and supplying electric power to the electric motor A power output device control method comprising:
(A) determining an output of the power storage means that satisfies a predetermined condition within a range of a maximum output that can be output from the power storage means, and an output of the generator according to the output;
(B) setting an allowable output that can be supplied from the power supply means based on the determined sum of both outputs;
(C) When driving of the motor is requested, the gist is to drive and control the motor so that driving power is output from the motor within the set allowable output range.

  According to the control method of the power output device of the present invention, the output of the power storage means that satisfies a predetermined condition in the range of the maximum output that can be output from the power storage means and the output of the generator corresponding to the output are determined and determined. Based on the sum of both outputs, the allowable output that can be supplied from the power supply means having the power storage means and the generator is set, and when the drive of the motor is requested, the driving power from the motor is within the set allowable output range. The motor is driven and controlled so that it is output. Therefore, the capability of the power supply means can be exhibited. As a result, it is possible to further improve the power performance of the electric motor that receives power from the power feeding means.

  Next, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described using examples.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a hybrid vehicle 20 equipped with a power output apparatus as an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the hybrid vehicle 20 of the embodiment is connected to the engine 22 and the crankshaft 26 of the engine 22 and connected to the front wheels 62a and 62b via the differential gear 61 to change the power from the engine 22. The automatic transmission 24 that outputs, the alternator 30 that is driven via the belt 28 that is hung on the crankshaft 26 of the engine 22, and the power from the alternator 30 is used to power the rear wheels 64 a and 64 b via the differential gear 63. A motor 32 capable of output, a high voltage battery 42 connected in parallel to the alternator 30 with respect to the motor 32 on a power line 40 extending from the alternator 30 to the motor 32, and an electronic control unit 70 for controlling the entire drive system of the vehicle. Prepare.

  The engine 22 is configured as an internal combustion engine that outputs power using a hydrocarbon-based fuel such as gasoline, and an electronic transmission unit for engine transmission together with an automatic transmission 24 connected to a crankshaft 26 and a differential gear 61 of the engine 22. (Hereinafter referred to as EGATECU) 29 is under operation control. The EGATECU 29 receives a rotational speed Ne from a rotational speed sensor (not shown) that detects the rotational speed of the engine 22 through an input port. Further, the EGATECU 29 communicates with the electronic control unit 70 via a communication port, controls the engine 22 and the automatic transmission 24 by a signal from the electronic control unit 70, and, if necessary, the state of the engine 22 and the automatic transmission 24 Is transmitted to the electronic control unit 70.

  The alternator 30 is configured as a full-wave rectifier attached to a known three-phase AC generator. The power generation amount of the alternator 30 is adjusted by increasing / decreasing the field current applied to an internal field coil (not shown). The alternator 30 is controlled by the electronic control unit 70.

  The motor 32 is configured as a synchronous generator motor that can be driven as an electric motor and can also be driven as a generator, and is connected to the alternator 30 and the high-voltage battery 42 by the power line 40 via the inverter 34. The motor 32 is driven and controlled by a motor electronic control unit (hereinafter referred to as motor ECU) 39. The motor ECU 39 detects a signal necessary for driving and controlling the motor 32, for example, a signal from the rotational position detection sensor 33 that detects the rotational position of the rotor of the motor 30 and a phase current applied to the motor 32. A signal from a current sensor (not shown) is input through an input port, and a switching control signal to the inverter 34 is output from the motor ECU 39 through an output port. Further, the motor ECU 39 communicates with the electronic control unit 70 via a communication port, and controls the drive of the motor 32 by a signal from the electronic control unit 70 and electronically controls data regarding the operating state of the motor 30 as necessary. Output to unit 70.

  The high voltage battery 42 is managed by a battery electronic control unit (hereinafter referred to as a battery ECU) 49. The battery ECU 49 detects a signal necessary for managing the high voltage battery 42, for example, a signal from a current sensor (not shown) that detects the charge / discharge current of the high voltage battery 42 and a voltage sensor (not shown) that detects a voltage between terminals of the high voltage battery 42. And a signal from a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the high voltage battery 42 are input via the input port. Further, the battery ECU 49 communicates with the electronic control unit 70 via a communication port, and outputs data regarding the state of the high voltage battery 42 to the electronic control unit 70 as necessary. The battery ECU 49 also calculates the remaining capacity SOC by integrating the charge / discharge current of the high-voltage battery 42 detected by the current sensor.

  A power line 40 to which the alternator 30 and the motor 32 (inverter 34) are connected has a DC / DC converter 44 capable of converting the power from the alternator 30 and the high voltage battery 42 to supply the voltage to the low voltage battery 46 and the auxiliary machine 48. Is attached. The DC / DC converter 44 is controlled by the electronic control unit 70.

  The electronic control unit 70 is configured as a microprocessor centered on the CPU 72. In addition to the CPU 72, a ROM 74 for storing processing programs, a RAM 76 for temporarily storing data, an input / output port and a communication port (not shown), Is provided. The electronic control unit 70 includes a power consumption Pdc from a power sensor (not shown) that detects power consumed by the DC / DC converter 44 (power supplied to the low voltage battery 46 and the auxiliary machine 48) and an ignition from the ignition switch 80. The signal, the shift position SP from the shift position sensor 82 that detects the operation position of the shift lever 81, the accelerator opening Acc from the accelerator pedal position sensor 84 that detects the depression amount of the accelerator pedal 83, and the depression amount of the brake pedal 85 are detected. The brake pedal position BP from the brake pedal position sensor 86 and the vehicle speed V from the vehicle speed sensor 88 are input through the input port. From the electronic control unit 70, a control signal to an output adjustment circuit (not shown) for adjusting energization to the field coil of the alternator 30, a switching control signal to a switching element (not shown) of the DC / DC converter 44, etc. are output via an output port. It is output. As described above, the electronic control unit 70 is connected to the EGATECU 29, the motor ECU 39, and the battery ECU 49 via the communication port, and exchanges various control signals and data.

  Next, the operation of the hybrid vehicle 20 of the embodiment thus configured and the operation when driving the motor 32 will be described. FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a motor control routine executed by the electronic control unit 70 of the embodiment. This routine is executed every predetermined time (for example, several milliseconds). The engine 22 and the automatic transmission 24 are controlled by transmitting a signal based on the accelerator opening Acc and the vehicle speed V to the EGATECU 29, thereby controlling the operation of the engine 22 based on the signal received by the EGATECU 29 and operating the automatic transmission 24. This is done by controlling. Since the control of the engine 22 and the automatic transmission 24 does not form the core of the present invention, further detailed description is omitted.

  When the motor control routine is executed, the CPU 72 of the electronic control unit 70 first starts the accelerator opening Acc from the accelerator pedal position sensor 84, the vehicle speed V from the vehicle speed sensor 88, the rotational speed Ne of the engine 22, and the rotation of the motor 32. Data such as several Nm, the battery temperature Tb of the high-voltage battery 42, the remaining capacity SOC, and the power consumption Pdc of the DC / DC converter 44 are input (step S100). Here, the rotation speed Ne of the engine 22 is detected by a rotation speed sensor (not shown) and input from the EGATECU 29 by communication. As the rotation speed Nm of the motor 32, a value calculated based on the rotation position of the rotor of the motor 32 detected by the rotation position detection sensor 33 is input from the motor ECU 39 by communication. The battery temperature Tb detected by a temperature sensor (not shown) is input from the battery ECU 49 by communication. As the remaining capacity SOC, a value calculated based on a charge / discharge current detected by a current sensor (not shown) is input from the battery ECU 49 by communication.

  When the data is thus input, the required torque Tm to be output from the motor 32 is set based on the input accelerator opening Acc and the vehicle speed V (step S110). Here, as for the required torque Tm, in the embodiment, the relationship between the accelerator opening Acc, the vehicle speed V, and the required torque Tm is obtained in advance and stored in the ROM 74 as a map, and the accelerator opening Acc and the vehicle speed V are given. And the corresponding required torque Tm is derived from the map.

  Next, an output limit Wout is set as an upper limit of power that may be supplied from the alternator 30 and the high voltage battery 42 to the motor 32 (step S120). Here, the output limit Wout is set by the output limit setting process illustrated in FIG. Hereinafter, the description of the motor control routine of FIG. 2 will be interrupted, and the output restriction setting process illustrated in FIG. 3 will be described.

  In the output limit setting process, the battery output limit Wbo is set based on the battery temperature Tb and the remaining capacity SOC input in step S100 of the motor control routine of FIG. 2 (step S200). Here, in the embodiment, the battery output limit Wbo is a relationship between the battery temperature Tb, the remaining capacity SOC, and the battery output limit Wbo so that the battery temperature Tb decreases as the battery temperature Tb deviates from the appropriate temperature range and the remaining capacity SOC decreases. A predetermined map is stored in the ROM 74, and when the battery temperature Tb and the remaining capacity SOC are given, the corresponding battery output limit Wbo is derived from the map.

  Subsequently, the internal resistance R of the high voltage battery 42 is set based on the battery temperature Tb, and the open voltage Vo of the high voltage battery 42 is set based on the remaining capacity SOC (step S210). Here, in the embodiment, the internal resistance R is obtained in advance by storing the relationship between the battery temperature Tb and the internal resistance R in the ROM 74 as a map, and when the battery temperature Tb is given, the corresponding internal resistance R is calculated from the map. It was set by deriving. In the embodiment, the open circuit voltage Vo is obtained in advance as a map by storing the relationship between the remaining capacity SOC and the open circuit voltage Vo in the ROM 74, and when the remaining capacity SOC is given, the corresponding open circuit voltage Vo is derived from the map. It was supposed to be set by doing

  Then, a value 0 is set as an initial value for the temporary battery power Pbat (step S220). Based on the set temporary battery power Pbat, the internal resistance R, and the open circuit voltage Vo, the following expressions (1) and (2) are used. Battery current Ibat and battery voltage Vbat are set (step S230).

Pbat = Ibat / Vbat (1)
Vbat = Vo + R ・ Ibat (2)

  When the battery current Ibat and the battery voltage Vbat are set, since the alternator 30 and the high voltage battery 42 are connected in parallel to the motor 32 (inverter 34), the set battery voltage Vbat is set as the alternator voltage Valt (step S240), the alternator current Ialt is set based on the set alternator voltage Valt and the rotation speed Nalt of the alternator 30 (step S250). Here, as for the alternator current Ialt, in the embodiment, the relationship between the alternator voltage Valt, the rotation speed Nalt, and the alternator current Ialt is obtained in advance and stored in the ROM 74 as a map, and the alternator voltage Valt and the rotation speed Nalt are given. And the corresponding alternator current Ialt is derived from the map. An example of this map is shown in FIG. The speed Nalt of the alternator 30 can be obtained by multiplying the speed Ne of the engine 22 by a conversion factor because the alternator 30 is mechanically connected to the crankshaft 26 of the engine 22 via a belt 28. .

  When the alternator voltage Valt and the alternator current Ialt are set, the alternator power Palt is calculated by multiplying the two (step S260), and the temporary battery power Pbat is added to the calculated alternator power Palt to calculate the combined power Psup. The combined power Psup is stored in a predetermined area of the RAM 76 (step S270), and it is determined whether or not the temporary battery power Pbat is greater than or equal to the battery output limit Wbo set in step S200 (step S280). Now, since the initial value 0 is set to the temporary battery power Pbat, a negative determination is made in step S280, and in the next step, the predetermined power ΔP is added to the temporary battery power Pbat to newly The temporary battery power Pbat is reset (step S290), the process returns to step S230, and the combined power Psup is calculated by the process after step S230 using the reset temporary battery power Pbat. Store in a predetermined area of the RAM 76.

  Thus, when the processes of steps S230 to S290 are repeated and it is determined in step S280 that the temporary battery power Pbat is greater than or equal to the battery output limit Wbo, the largest combined power Psup stored in the predetermined area of the RAM 76 so far. Is set to the output limit Wout (step S300), and the process ends.

  Returning to step S120 of the motor control routine of FIG. 2, when the output limit Wout is set in this way, the value obtained by subtracting the power consumption Pdc of the DC / DC converter 44 from the set output limit Wout is divided by the rotational speed Nm of the motor 32. A torque limit Tmax as an upper limit of the torque that may be output from the motor 32 is set (step S130), and the smaller of the required torque Tm and the torque limit Tmax is set as the torque command Tm * of the motor 32 (step S140). ), The set torque command Tm * is transmitted to the motor ECU 39 (step S150), and this routine is terminated. The motor ECU 39 that has received the torque command Tm * performs switching control of the switching element provided in the inverter 34 so that a torque commensurate with the torque command Tm * is output from the motor 32.

  According to the hybrid vehicle 20 of the embodiment described above, the power at which the combined power Psup of the alternator 30 and the high-voltage battery 42 is the largest within the range of the battery output limit Wbo is set as the output limit Wout, and the set output limit Wout is set. Since the motor 32 is controlled so that torque is output from the motor 32 as the upper limit of the upper limit, the capabilities of the alternator 30 and the high-voltage battery 42 can be fully exhibited. As a result, the power performance of the motor 32 that receives power from the alternator 30 and the high voltage battery 42 can be further improved. Moreover, since the motor 32 is controlled in consideration of the power consumption Pdc of the DC / DC converter 44, the power balance of the system including the low voltage battery 46 and the auxiliary machine 48 can be balanced.

  In the hybrid vehicle 20 of the embodiment, the alternator current Ialt is set based on the alternator voltage Valt and the rotational speed Nalt. However, since the output of the alternator 30 also changes depending on its temperature (winding temperature), the alternator voltage The alternator current Ialt may be set in consideration of the temperature of the alternator 30 in addition to the Valt and the rotation speed Nalt.

  In the hybrid vehicle 20 of the embodiment, the power from the engine 22 is output to the front wheels 62a and 62b via the automatic transmission 24 and the power from the motor 32 is output to the rear wheels 64a and 64b. The power may be output to the front wheels and the power from the engine 22 may be output to the rear wheels via the automatic transmission 24. Further, the power from the engine 22 may be output to the front wheels 62a and 62b via the automatic transmission 24, the power from the motor 32 may be output to the front wheels 62a and 62b, and the power from the motor 32 may be output to the rear wheels 64a. , 64b and the power from the engine 22 may be output to the rear wheels 64a, 64b via the automatic transmission 24.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. Of course, it can be implemented in the form.

  The present invention is applicable to the automobile industry.

1 is a configuration diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a hybrid vehicle 20 equipped with a power output apparatus as one embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the motor control routine performed by the electronic control unit 70 of the hybrid vehicle 20 of an Example. It is a flowchart which shows an example of an output restriction setting process. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the alternator electric current setting map.

Explanation of symbols

20 Hybrid Vehicle, 22 Engine, 24 Automatic Transmission, 26 Crankshaft, 28 Belt, 29 Electronic Control Unit for Engine Transmission (EGATECU), 30 Alternator, 32 Motor, 33 Rotation Position Detection Sensor, 34 Inverter, 39 Electronic Control Unit for Motor (Motor ECU), 40 power line, 42 high voltage battery, 44 DC / DC converter, 46 low voltage battery, 48 auxiliary machine, 49 electronic control unit for battery (battery ECU), 61 differential gear, 62a, 62b front wheel, 63 differential gear 64a, 64b Rear wheel, 70 Electronic control unit, 72 CPU, 74 ROM, 76 RAM, 80 Ignition switch, 81 Shift lever, 82 Shift position Sensor, 83 accelerator pedal, 84 accelerator pedal position sensor, 85 brake pedal, 86 brake pedal position sensor, 88 vehicle speed sensor.

Claims (7)

A power output device that outputs driving power,
An electric motor capable of outputting driving power;
A power supply means having power storage means capable of supplying power to the electric motor, and a generator capable of generating electric power with a predetermined characteristic according to the output of the power storage means by input of external force and supplying power to the motor;
An output of the power storage means that satisfies a predetermined condition within a range of a maximum output that can be output from the power storage means and an output of the generator according to the output are determined, and the power supply means is based on a sum of the determined outputs Allowable output setting means for setting the allowable output that can be supplied from,
A power output device comprising: control means for driving and controlling the motor so that driving power is output from the motor within the set allowable output range when driving of the motor is requested.   The power output apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined condition is a condition in which a sum of the two outputs is in the vicinity of a maximum value. The power output device according to claim 1 or 2,
Voltage conversion supply means capable of converting the output of the generator into a voltage and supplying it to the auxiliary machinery,
The control means is means for driving and controlling the electric motor based on an output from the voltage conversion supply means to the accessories. The power output device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
An internal combustion engine,
The power generator is a power generator that generates power based on rotation of the internal combustion engine.   An automobile equipped with the power output device according to claim 1. The automobile according to claim 5,
An internal combustion engine capable of outputting power to the first wheel;
The generator is a generator that generates electricity based on rotation of the internal combustion engine,
The motor is an electric motor capable of outputting power to a second wheel different from the first wheel. An electric motor capable of outputting driving power; an electric storage unit capable of supplying electric power to the electric motor; and an electric generator capable of generating electric power with a predetermined characteristic according to an output of the electric storage unit by inputting an external force and supplying electric power to the electric motor A power output device control method comprising:
(A) determining an output of the power storage means that satisfies a predetermined condition within a range of a maximum output that can be output from the power storage means, and an output of the generator according to the output;
(B) setting an allowable output that can be supplied from the power supply means based on the determined sum of both outputs;
(C) A method for controlling the power output device, wherein when the drive of the motor is requested, the motor is driven and controlled so that driving power is output from the motor within the set allowable output range.

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