JP2006169852A - Floating trash collection net and collection method of floating trash making use of the net - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a floating trash collection net capable of collecting floating trash by constructing it in the water or on the water such as a lake, dam lake, reservoir, sandy beach, harbor or the like without being related to size of a scale and existence of a stream or a billow and a collection method of the floating trash making use of the net. <P>SOLUTION: The net 3 collecting the floating trash by constructing it in the water or on the water is constituted by using fibers. It is favorable that the fibers forming the net has less than 1.0 g/cm<SP>3</SP>of apparent density. It is favorable that each fiber has a hollow cross section. It is favorable that the fiber forming the net is formed of a polylactic acid system polymer. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a floating garbage collection net and a floating garbage collection method using the same, and in particular, floats on the surface of a lake, dam lake, reservoir, sand beach, harbor, etc. The present invention relates to a floating dust collection net and a method for collecting floating dust using the same net.

  Garbage floating and flying on the surface of lakes, dam lakes, reservoirs, sand beaches, harbors, etc. include empty cans, empty bottles, plastic bottles, polystyrene foam, tires, and wood. Through the flow, it stays in a certain water area (for example, water area where stagnation is likely to occur). In particular, leisure in the water area has been developed in recent years, and there is a problem of manners, but the amount of floating waste is increasing.

These trash causes problems such as detracting from aesthetics, and in the case of water intakes / drains, dams, etc., leading to a decrease in the efficiency of running water, and rough fishing grounds. Cans and glass can have sharp edges in some cases, which can lead to injury. Therefore, collection work is regularly performed by local governments such as the country, prefectures, municipalities, or volunteer groups. Specifically, it is dealt with by operations such as picking up one by one, collection by a collection ship (Patent Document 1), collection by a net, and the like. When picking up by hand, it is possible to collect fine trash and fine places, but it is not efficient and often does not cover floating trash. In the case of a recovery vessel, it is effective in a large-scale still water area, but there are cases where it cannot be handled due to danger in a sea area or a narrow water area. The collection using a net is a technique that has been used for a long time, especially as a driftwood / dust prevention net in dam lakes, and is very effective in preventing driftwood / dust from entering the dam. However, although there is an effect in preventing entry and diffusion, the current situation is that the collection work must be done manually or by a collection ship.
JP-A-6-171582

  The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and by laying underwater or on a lake, a dam lake, a reservoir, a sandy beach, a harbor, etc., regardless of the size of the scale, the presence or absence of flow or waves, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a floating dust collection net capable of collecting floating dust and a method for collecting floating dust using the same.

As a result of intensive studies to solve such problems, the present inventors have reached the present invention.
That is, the present invention is the following floating dust collection net and a floating dust collection method using the same.

1. A net for collecting floating dust by laying in water or on water, the net being configured using fibers.
2. The fiber constituting the net has an apparent density of less than 1.0 g / cm ³ . Floating collection net.

3. 2. The fiber having an apparent density of less than 1.0 g / cm ³ is a fiber having a hollow cross section. Floating collection net.
4). The above-mentioned 1., wherein the fiber constituting the net is a fiber made of a polylactic acid polymer. To 3. Any floating garbage collection net up to.

  5. Above 1. To 4. A floating dust collection method, wherein the floating dust is collected by floating one of the floating dust collection nets up to a water area where the floating dust floats and stays.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently and safely collect floating garbage by laying underwater or on water such as lakes, dam lakes, reservoirs, sand beaches, harbors, etc. A floating dust collection net that can be used, and a method for collecting floating dust using the same.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The floating dust collection net of the present invention is composed of fibers, and is a mesh-like structure composed of raschel nets, knotless nets, nets made of cocoons or vertical, horizontal fibers. A woven fabric or the like can be used. The mesh shape may be any of rhombuses, turtle shells, and squares, and may not be equilateral. Preferably, a Russell network that is difficult to break when broken is preferable. In the case of a woven fabric, it is preferable to use a mesh-shaped woven fabric configured to have voids using a structure such as a pattern weave or a tangle weave. In addition, when there is a lot of targeted dust, the surface may be subjected to resin processing depending on the situation.

  The mesh size is not particularly limited because it differs depending on the target collected dust, but it is preferably 10 to 150 mm on a side. If the mesh is less than 10 mm, it may be difficult to pass a rope for tailoring the net. In addition, productivity deteriorates and it is disadvantageous in cost. On the other hand, if the mesh exceeds 150 mm, it is difficult to supplement relatively small dust, which does not meet the intention of the present invention.

  The fiber material constituting the net of the present invention is not particularly limited, natural fibers represented by cotton, hemp, silk and the like, inorganic fibers represented by steel fibers, glass fibers and rock fibers, polyamide, polyvinyl Synthetic fibers typified by alcohol, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl chloride, polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane and polyfluoroethylene, recycled fibers typified by rayon and cupra, and half typified by acetate Synthetic fibers and the like can be used. Among these, synthetic fibers are preferable because they are lightweight and excellent in dimensional stability. Particularly preferred fibers include polyamide fibers excellent in abrasion resistance and weather resistance, and polylactic acid fibers that are aliphatic polyesters excellent in biodegradability, yarn production, practicality, and the like.

  Fibers formed from polylactic acid polymers are almost completely decomposed by hydrolysis, microorganisms, etc. after a certain period of time, even if a net breaks or flows due to an accident. Even when it is carried out, the calorific value at the time of incineration is low, so there is almost no risk of damaging the incinerator, and no harmful gas is generated to pollute the natural environment.

  The fiber yarn is preferably excellent in heat resistance, mechanical strength, weather resistance and the like. Furthermore, it is also possible to use an original yarn to which a colorant is added, a yarn obtained by adding a weather resistance improver, a core-sheath structure yarn, a modified cross-section yarn, a hollow fiber, or the like. The net of the present invention is composed of at least one fiber yarn selected from the group consisting of these yarns. Also, a mixture or composite of a plurality of yarns may be used, or knits may be performed.

As a fiber for constituting the net of the present invention, a fiber floating in water having an apparent density of less than 1.0 g / cm ³ (hereinafter, referred to as “floating fiber”) such as polyethylene or polypropylene is used. It is preferable. By configuring the net with floating fibers, the net floated on the water surface always floats, and the net that floats even after the floating dust gets on the net suppresses the movement of the garbage and is efficient. You can collect garbage.

As the floating fiber, a fiber formed of a synthetic resin having a density of less than 1.0 g / cm ³ can be preferably used, but the fiber is a fiber made of a synthetic resin having a density of 1.0 g / cm ³ or more. However, if the apparent density as the fiber is less than 1.0 g / cm ^3, there is no problem. As the floating fiber having an apparent density of less than 1.0 g / cm ³ , a fiber having a hollow cross section is preferable. In addition, the shape of the hollow cross section is not particularly limited, but those having a plurality of hollow portions such as a fiber having a cross-sectional shape of a “field” may have a hollow portion during net making or during use. It is preferable in that it is difficult to be crushed.

  In more detail, what has about 2-10 hollow parts in the fiber cross section with a single yarn fineness of 4.0-50 dtex is preferable. If the single yarn fineness is less than 4.0 dtex, desired strength and wear resistance of the net cannot be obtained. That is, it is easy to be worn by contact with collected dust or quay, etc., and it is low in fineness and thin, so its strength is low, so that fibers are easily cut when soil, sand, etc. enter the net, that is, between fibers. Because. On the other hand, if it is 50 dtex or more, the fiber becomes stiff and it becomes difficult to knit, and it becomes difficult to produce a yarn with uniform yarn quality at the raw yarn production stage. Therefore, it is preferable to use a yarn having a total fineness of 500 to 10,000 dtex made of the single yarn as described above in terms of production of the raw yarn / net and the performance of the net.

To form a fiber having a hollow cross section, the ratio of the hollow portion to the fiber cross section is calculated so that the apparent density of the fiber is less than 1.0 g / cm ³ in consideration of the density value of the synthetic resin. can do. The cross-sectional shape can be appropriately selected, but the fiber hollow ratio is preferably 10 to 50% by volume. If it is less than 10% by volume, the general-purpose fiber does not have less than 1.0 g / cm ^{3. On} the other hand, if it is 50% or more, there remains a concern in terms of mechanical strength.

  The fiber for constituting the net of the present invention is not particularly limited in strength, but it is preferable to use a synthetic fiber yarn having a strength of 5.0 to 14.0 cN / dtex and a breaking elongation of 10 to 35%. By setting the strength to 5.0 cN / dtex or more, it is possible to increase the strength and reduce the weight, but if it exceeds 14.0 cN / dtex, it is difficult to ensure the elongation and the toughness is insufficient, and the shock absorption of the net is reduced. I can't get it. Further, when the breaking elongation of the fiber yarn is 10% or less, the toughness is insufficient. On the other hand, when the breaking elongation is 35% or more, the mesh size is extended, and problems such as removal and dropping of dust when the dust is pulled up occur.

When the net is configured using the above-described floating fiber, the net may be knitted or woven using a yarn made of only the floating fiber, or the apparent density is 1 in a range where the net itself floats in water. 0.0 g / cm ³ or more of fibers may be used together (mixed or knitted).

  The floating dust collection net of the present invention is to make a predetermined shape through a rope around the net at the time of tailoring the net, but the fiber used for this rope may be the same as the fiber constituting the net I do not care. The fibers used for this rope are preferably made of floating water fibers in order to prevent floating dust on the net from moving outside the net.

  A method for collecting floating dust using the floating dust collecting net of the present invention will be described. For example, FIG. 1 shows a water area 1 in a corner area that is composed of a concrete revetment 2 or the like on a river, a beach, etc., and where floating dust 4 is likely to stagnate. In such a water area 1, the net 3 is fixed to the revetment 2 at three or more points using the anchor 5 or the like, and the net 3 is also fixed to the water area 1 using a floating body, rope, anchor, or the like at a plurality of points. 6 is an anchor that is grounded to the bottom of the water, 8 is a floating body, and 7 is a rope for connecting the net 3 to the anchor 6. In this way, the floating dust collection area is floated, and the dust taken into the net 3 is collected periodically.

  Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 2, by floating the net 3 of the present invention around the water intake 9 where the floating dust 4 easily accumulates, a stable water intake amount can be secured, and the floating dust can be collected. It can be done easily. In FIG. 2, 1 is a water area in the vicinity of the water intake 9, 2 is a revetment where the water intake 9 is formed, 5 is an anchor for fixing the net 3 to the revetment 2, and 8 is a floating body.

Next, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these.
Example 1
Using a nylon 6 resin, the cross-sectional shape is a hollow cross section having four hollow portions 11 with cross-linked portions 12 as shown in FIG. 3, the volume occupancy of the hollow portions 11 is 21%, and the apparent density is 0.90 g / cm. ^3. Multifilaments 1100 dtex / 96f and 2200 dtex / 192f with a strength of 8.5 cN / dtex and an elongation of 27% were obtained by melt spinning. The obtained 2200 dtex / 192f nylon hollow fiber was used as a chain knitting yarn and 1100 dtex / 96f nylon hollow fiber was used as an insertion yarn, and a 9G Russell knitting machine was used to knit the structure shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, 21 is a chain thread, 22 is an insertion thread. This warp knitted fabric was heat-treated at 180 ° C. for 1 minute to prepare a Russell knitted net having a side of 25 mm.

Further, 10 nylon hollow fibers of 1100 dtex / 96f were twisted together with a Z twist of 50 T / M to produce a ring yarn. Next, 12 of the ring yarns were twisted together with an S twist of 50 T / M to produce a rope strand. Further, three rope strands were twisted together with Z twist 33T / M to obtain a raw rope. This raw rope was subjected to high-frequency heat treatment at 110 ° C. to obtain a fiber rope having a diameter of 10 mm.
(Example 2)
A hollow cross section obtained by using polylactic acid (optical isomer molar ratio: D / L = 1/99) having a cross section of four hollow portions 11 as shown in FIG. Of multifilaments 1100 dtex / 96f and 2200 dtex / 192f having a tensile strength of 21%, an apparent density of 0.92 g / cm ³ , a strength of 6.5 cN / dtex, and an elongation of 30% were obtained by melt spinning. The obtained 2200 dtex / 192f polylactic acid hollow fiber was used as a chain yarn, and 1100 dtex / 96f polylactic acid hollow fiber was used as an insertion yarn, and a 9G Russell knitting machine was used to knit the structure of FIG. This warp knitted fabric was heat-treated at 120 ° C. for 1 minute to form a Russell knitted net having a side of 25 mm.

Further, 10 polylactic acid hollow fibers of 1100 dtex / 96f were twisted together with a Z twist of 50 T / M to produce a ring yarn. Next, 12 of the ring yarns were twisted together with an S twist of 50 T / M to produce a rope strand. Further, three rope strands were twisted together with Z twist 33T / M to obtain a raw rope. This raw rope was subjected to high-frequency heat treatment at 110 ° C. to obtain a fiber rope having a diameter of 10 mm.
(Garbage collection)
The nets obtained in Examples 1 and 2 were cut into 5 × 5 × 7.1 m right triangles, and the nets obtained in each example were passed through the nets to make a right triangle net. It was.

  As shown in Fig. 5, the length of the net on the drainage side of the pond 31 is about 15m x 25m and the depth is about 1m in the factory premises in Uji Tono, Uji City, Kyoto Prefecture. The two sides of the triangle sandwiching the right-angled vertex along the circumference of the pond were fixed with the anchor 33, and the other two vertices were similarly secured to the circumference of the pond with the anchor 33 on the water. Then, the floating dust collection net 32 of the present invention is floated by fixing it at two intermediate points with a styrofoam float 34, a rope, and an anchor for the bottom of the water on the remaining 7.1 m of the net. Set up. 35 is a water stream, 36 is an empty can, 37 is a sunken empty can, and 38 is an empty can collected on the net 32.

  Fifty empty cans 36 were poured from the inlet of the pond 31 and left for one week. One week later, 38 empty cans 38 were taken into the floating dust collection net of Example 1, and 40 empty cans 38 were taken into the floating dust collection net of Example 2. Those that were not taken in entered water into the empty can and sank before being taken into the net.

After the test, the net was lifted together with collected garbage (empty cans), but despite the fact that the weight was about 50 kg, all empty cans could be recovered without breaking.
When empty cans are flowed without floating the floating waste collection net of the present invention, empty cans accumulate near the drainage port of the pond, block the waterway, and more than half of the empty cans sink, making recovery difficult. there were.

It is a figure which shows an example of the method of collecting a floating dust using the floating dust collection net | network of this invention. It is a figure which shows the other example of the method of collecting a floating dust using the floating dust collection net | network of this invention. It is a figure which shows the cross-section of the fiber used for the net | network of the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the organization organization of the net produced with the fiber of FIG. It is a figure which shows the collection method of the floating refuse of the Example of this invention.

Claims (5)

  A net for collecting floating dust by laying in water or on water, the net being configured using fibers. The floating dust collection net according to claim 1, wherein the fibers constituting the net have an apparent density of less than 1.0 g / cm ³ . The floating dust collection net according to claim 2, wherein the fibers having an apparent density of less than 1.0 g / cm ³ are fibers having a hollow cross section.   The floating dust collection net according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fiber constituting the net is a fiber made of a polylactic acid polymer.   Floating garbage collecting the floating garbage by floating the floating garbage collection net according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in a water area where floating garbage floats or stays. Collection method.

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