JP2006167642A - Cylinder of twin screw kneader - Google Patents

Cylinder of twin screw kneader Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2006167642A
JP2006167642A JP2004365288A JP2004365288A JP2006167642A JP 2006167642 A JP2006167642 A JP 2006167642A JP 2004365288 A JP2004365288 A JP 2004365288A JP 2004365288 A JP2004365288 A JP 2004365288A JP 2006167642 A JP2006167642 A JP 2006167642A
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Prior art keywords
cylinder
wear
groove
cylinder hole
resistant layer
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JP2004365288A
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JP4087376B2 (en
Inventor
Koji Nakamura
耕二 中村
Akira Kawamoto
亮 河本
Akira Arai
朗 荒井
Satoshi Shimada
聡 嶋田
Shinji Morita
真司 森田
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Japan Steel Works Ltd
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Japan Steel Works Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/68—Barrels or cylinders
    • B29C48/682—Barrels or cylinders for twin screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/68—Barrels or cylinders
    • B29C48/6801—Barrels or cylinders characterised by the material or their manufacturing process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/68—Barrels or cylinders
    • B29C48/6803—Materials, coating or lining therefor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To relax the stress against an abrasion resistant layer by reducing the influence caused by the difference of the amount of heat expansion between the abrasion resistant layer applied to the inner surface of cylinder holes and the cylinder. <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of groove-shaped recessed parts 3 extending in an axis direction are installed through the inner surface 2a of the 2 of the cylinder hole of the cylinder 1 at intervals S with one another. The shapes of the groove bottoms of the respective groove-shaped recessed parts 3 are those of the round bottoms and the abrasion resistant layers 4 buildup-welded with the stellite material are formed on the respective groove-shaped recessed parts 3 and the parts between the intervals S of the respective abrasion resistant layers are applied with the surface treatment such as nitriding. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、プラスチック、ゴム、廃プラスチック、セラミック、食品等の混練に用いられる二軸スクリュ混練装置のシリンダに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a cylinder of a biaxial screw kneading apparatus used for kneading plastic, rubber, waste plastic, ceramic, food and the like.

二軸スクリュ混練装置は、加熱手段によって加熱されるシリンダと、シリンダ内に回転自在に配設された２本のスクリュと、２本のスクリュを同方向または逆方向に回転させる回転駆動手段（不図示）等を備えている。シリンダのバレル穴（シリンダ穴）の内面には耐摩耗性を向上させるため、全周にわたって窒化処理、浸炭焼入れ等の表面処理や、溶射処理等による耐摩耗層が施されている。   The biaxial screw kneading apparatus is composed of a cylinder heated by a heating means, two screws rotatably disposed in the cylinder, and a rotation drive means (non-rotating means) for rotating the two screws in the same direction or in the opposite direction. Etc.). In order to improve wear resistance, the inner surface of the barrel hole (cylinder hole) of the cylinder is provided with a wear-resistant layer by surface treatment such as nitriding treatment, carburizing and quenching, spraying treatment, etc. over the entire circumference.

しかし、バレル穴の内面の全周面に耐摩耗層を施した場合、シリンダを構成する素材と耐摩耗層との間の熱膨張量の相違により、シリンダと耐摩耗層との境界面に過大な応力が発生して破損するおそれがあるという問題点があった。   However, when a wear-resistant layer is applied to the entire inner surface of the barrel hole, the boundary between the cylinder and the wear-resistant layer is excessive due to the difference in thermal expansion between the material constituting the cylinder and the wear-resistant layer. There was a problem that there was a possibility that it would break due to the generation of various stresses.

そこで、特許文献１（特開平９−５７８１７号公報）に開示された二軸混練押出機用バレルでは、バレル穴の内面における比較的摩耗の激しい部位に耐摩耗層を施すことにより、応力緩和層を確保して寿命を伸ばすために、図５に示すように、バレル２０１の二つのバレル穴２０２の内面のうち、二つのバレル穴２０２の交差する交差部分の少なくとも一方に、耐摩耗層２０４を施している。
特開平９−５７８１７号公報 Therefore, in the barrel for a biaxial kneading extruder disclosed in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-57817), a stress-relieving layer is formed by applying a wear-resistant layer to a relatively heavily worn portion on the inner surface of the barrel hole. As shown in FIG. 5, the wear resistant layer 204 is formed on at least one of the inner surfaces of the two barrel holes 202 of the barrel 201 where the two barrel holes 202 intersect as shown in FIG. Has been given.
JP-A-9-57817

上記従来の技術では、次に説明する原因により耐摩耗層に亀裂が入り、この亀裂がさらに進行すると、耐摩耗層がシリンダ穴内面からはがれて脱落するおそれがあるという未解決の課題がある。   In the above conventional technique, there is an unsolved problem that a wear-resistant layer is cracked due to the following reason, and if this crack further progresses, the wear-resistant layer may peel off from the inner surface of the cylinder hole and fall off.

耐摩耗層を例えばステライト材（Ｃｒ：２８重量％、Ｗ：４重量％、Ｆｅ：３重量％以下、残Ｃｏ）で構成した場合について、図４を参照しつつ説明する。   A case where the wear-resistant layer is made of, for example, a stellite material (Cr: 28% by weight, W: 4% by weight, Fe: 3% by weight or less, remaining Co) will be described with reference to FIG.

（１）混練中において、回転中のスクリュにかかるサイドフォース（スクリュの軸方向に対して直交方向の力）によってスクリュがたわみ、シリンダ穴１０２の内面にスクリュが接触する。このスクリュが接触するシリンダ穴１０２の内面の場所は両横水平位置である。ここで、両横水平位置とは、シリンダ穴１０２の左側では時計方向７時〜１１時の範囲、右側では時計方向１〜５時の範囲である。   (1) During kneading, the screw is deflected by a side force applied to the rotating screw (force perpendicular to the axial direction of the screw), and the screw contacts the inner surface of the cylinder hole 102. The place on the inner surface of the cylinder hole 102 with which this screw comes into contact is the horizontal position on both sides. Here, the horizontal horizontal positions are a range from 7 o'clock to 11 o'clock in the clockwise direction on the left side of the cylinder hole 102, and a range from 1 o'clock in the clockwise direction on the right side.

（２）シリンダ穴１０２内には、混練中に樹脂等が粉体から溶融する過程で、一番せん断力がかかる場所に１０〜１５ＭＰａの圧力が発生する。シリンダ１０１はこの圧力により空間断面積の広い水平位置０を境に上下方向に拡大しようとする。このときのシリンダ穴１０２の内面のステライト層１０４には、シリンダ穴１０２の水平位置０と共に外向き（図示上下方向）に引張り応力が作用する。   (2) A pressure of 10 to 15 MPa is generated in the cylinder hole 102 at the place where the most shearing force is applied in the process of melting the resin from the powder during kneading. The cylinder 101 tends to expand in the vertical direction with a horizontal position 0 having a large space sectional area as a boundary due to this pressure. A tensile stress acts on the stellite layer 104 on the inner surface of the cylinder hole 102 at this time together with the horizontal position 0 of the cylinder hole 102 in the outward direction (the vertical direction in the drawing).

（３）ステライト層１０４の線膨張係数は１４．９×１０-6（ｍｍ／℃）であり、シリンダ１０１の素材である鍛鋼材の線膨張係数は１２．５×１０-6（ｍｍ／℃）に比べて大きい。このため、シリンダ１０１の外部加熱およびせん断発熱による温度上昇によってステライト層１０４とシリンダ１０１との間に熱膨張量の差によるズレが発生する。 (3) The linear expansion coefficient of the stellite layer 104 is 14.9 × 10 −6 (mm / ° C.), and the linear expansion coefficient of the forged steel material that is the material of the cylinder 101 is 12.5 × 10 −6 (mm / ° C.). Is larger than For this reason, a deviation due to a difference in thermal expansion occurs between the stellite layer 104 and the cylinder 101 due to a temperature increase due to external heating of the cylinder 101 and shear heat generation.

上記した三つの要因により、ステライト層１０４に亀裂が入り、この亀裂が進行してステライト層１０４がシリンダ穴１０２の内面から剥離するおそれがある。   Due to the above three factors, the stellite layer 104 may crack, and the crack may progress and the stellite layer 104 may be peeled off from the inner surface of the cylinder hole 102.

本発明は、上記従来の技術の有する未解決の課題に鑑みてなされたものであって、シリンダ穴の内面に形成された耐摩耗層とシリンダとの熱膨張量の差に起因する影響を少なくし、耐摩耗層にかかる応力が緩和されるようにすることを目的とするものである。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned unsolved problems of the prior art, and reduces the influence caused by the difference in thermal expansion between the wear-resistant layer formed on the inner surface of the cylinder hole and the cylinder. However, the object is to relieve the stress applied to the wear-resistant layer.

上記目的を達成するため、本発明に係る二軸スクリュ混練装置用のシリンダは、シリンダが２本のスクリュが回転自在に配設されるシリンダ穴を有しており、前記シリンダ穴の内面に周方向に互いに間隔をおいて複数の軸方向に延在する溝状凹部を設け、前記溝状凹部に耐摩耗材を肉盛りすることにより、前記シリンダ穴の内面に周方向に互いに間隔をおいて複数の耐摩耗層を形成したことを特徴とするものである。   In order to achieve the above object, a cylinder for a biaxial screw kneading apparatus according to the present invention has a cylinder hole in which two screws are rotatably arranged, and the cylinder hole has an inner surface around the cylinder hole. A plurality of axially extending groove-like recesses are provided at intervals in the direction, and a wear-resistant material is built up in the groove-like recesses, so that a plurality of them are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction on the inner surface of the cylinder hole. The wear-resistant layer is formed.

また、耐摩耗材が、ステライト材、Ｎｉ-Ｃｒ系のコルモノイ材または他の硬質合金材であるとよい。   The wear-resistant material may be a stellite material, a Ni—Cr-based Colmonoy material, or another hard alloy material.

さらに、シリンダ穴の内面における各耐摩耗層間の間隔の部位に、表面処理を施したものとする。   Furthermore, it is assumed that surface treatment is performed on the space between the wear-resistant layers on the inner surface of the cylinder hole.

本発明は上述のとおり構成されているので、次に記載するような効果を奏する。   Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

シリンダ穴の内面に周方向に互いに間隔をおいて複数の耐摩耗層が形成されている。このため、混練時におけるシリンダの温度上昇に伴う熱膨張量の差による影響が軽減されるとともに、耐摩耗層にかかる応力が緩和される。   A plurality of wear-resistant layers are formed on the inner surface of the cylinder hole at intervals in the circumferential direction. For this reason, the influence by the difference in the amount of thermal expansion accompanying the temperature rise of the cylinder at the time of kneading is reduced, and the stress applied to the wear resistant layer is reduced.

その結果、耐摩耗層に亀裂が発生してシリンダ穴内面からはがれることがなくなる。   As a result, the wear-resistant layer does not crack and does not peel off from the inner surface of the cylinder hole.

図１は一実施の形態による二軸スクリュ混練装置用のシリンダを示し、（ａ）は軸方向に沿う模式断面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＡ−Ａ線に沿う模式断面図である。   FIG. 1 shows a cylinder for a biaxial screw kneading apparatus according to an embodiment, wherein (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view along the axial direction, and (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view along the AA line of (a). .

シリンダ１は２本のスクリュ（不図示）が回転自在に嵌挿されるシリンダ穴２を有しており、シリンダ穴２の内面２ａには、軸方向に延在する複数の溝状凹部３が周方向に互いに間隔をおいて設けられている。   The cylinder 1 has a cylinder hole 2 into which two screws (not shown) are rotatably inserted, and a plurality of groove-like recesses 3 extending in the axial direction are provided on the inner surface 2a of the cylinder hole 2. They are spaced from each other in the direction.

本実施の形態において、各溝状凹部３の溝底の形状は丸底形状であり、各溝状凹部３にはステライト材を肉盛りした耐摩耗層４が形成されている。そして、各耐摩耗層間の間隔Ｓの部分には表面処理を施して耐摩耗性が向上されている。   In the present embodiment, the shape of the groove bottom of each groove-like recess 3 is a round bottom shape, and each groove-like recess 3 is formed with a wear-resistant layer 4 in which a stellite material is built up. And the surface treatment is given to the part of the space | interval S between each abrasion-resistant layer, and abrasion resistance is improved.

このため、スクリュがたわんでシリンダ穴の内面に接触した場合には、シリンダ穴２の内面２ａにおける窒化処理等の表面処理が施された部分と耐摩耗層とにスクリュのフライトが同時に接触する。   For this reason, when the screw bends and contacts the inner surface of the cylinder hole, the flight of the screw simultaneously contacts the surface of the inner surface 2a of the cylinder hole 2 that has been subjected to a surface treatment such as nitriding and the wear resistant layer.

なお、複数の溝状凹部３は、その長手方向がシリンダ穴２の軸方向と平行に延在しているが、これに限らず、複数の溝状凹部３は、その長手方向がシリンダ穴２の軸方向に対して螺旋状に形成されていてもよいし、傾斜して形成されていてもよい。   In addition, although the longitudinal direction of the several groove-shaped recessed part 3 is extended in parallel with the axial direction of the cylinder hole 2, not only this but the longitudinal direction of the several groove-shaped recessed part 3 is the cylinder hole 2. It may be formed in a spiral shape with respect to the axial direction, or may be formed inclined.

上述のように複数の耐摩耗層４は、シリンダ穴２の内面２ａに周方向に互いに間隔Ｓをおいて設けられた複数の溝状凹部３にステライト材を肉盛りし、シリンダ穴２の内面２ａと同一面となるように内面加工したものである。つまり、複数の耐摩耗層４は、シリンダ穴２の内面２ａに周方向に互いに間隔Ｓをおいて形成されている。これにより、シリンダ１の温度上昇に伴ってステライト材とシリンダ１の構成素材との間の線膨張係数の相違に起因する熱膨張量の差の影響が少なくなる。   As described above, the plurality of wear-resistant layers 4 are formed by depositing a stellite material on the plurality of groove-like recesses 3 provided at intervals S in the circumferential direction on the inner surface 2 a of the cylinder hole 2. The inner surface is processed so as to be the same surface as 2a. That is, the plurality of wear-resistant layers 4 are formed on the inner surface 2 a of the cylinder hole 2 at intervals S in the circumferential direction. Thereby, with the temperature rise of the cylinder 1, the influence of the difference in the amount of thermal expansion resulting from the difference in the linear expansion coefficient between the stellite material and the constituent material of the cylinder 1 is reduced.

また、シリンダ穴２の内面２ａに形成された複数の耐摩耗層４は、間隔Ｓによって周方向に断続している。その結果、上述した水平位置０に耐摩耗層４を配置しないようにすればステライト材からなる耐摩耗層４には、内部圧力による引張り応力の影響が及ばなくなる。   Further, the plurality of wear resistant layers 4 formed on the inner surface 2 a of the cylinder hole 2 are intermittent in the circumferential direction by the interval S. As a result, if the wear-resistant layer 4 is not disposed at the above-described horizontal position 0, the wear-resistant layer 4 made of stellite will not be affected by the tensile stress due to internal pressure.

耐摩耗層４は上述したステライト材に限らず、Ｎｉ-Ｃｒ系のコルモノイ材または他の硬質合金材で構成することができる。   The wear-resistant layer 4 is not limited to the above-mentioned stellite material, but can be composed of a Ni—Cr-based Colmonoy material or other hard alloy material.

また、各耐摩耗層４間の間隔Ｓの部分の耐摩耗性向上のための表面処理は、窒化処理、浸炭焼入れ等の公知のものでよい。   Further, the surface treatment for improving the wear resistance in the portion of the space S between the wear resistant layers 4 may be a known one such as nitriding treatment or carburizing and quenching.

図２は一変形例による二軸スクリュ混練装置用のシリンダを示す模式部分断面図である。本変形例のシリンダ１１は、シリンダ穴１２の内面１２ａに周方向に互いに間隔をおいて設けられた溝状凹部１３の溝底の形状が、半楕円形状であり、各溝状凹部１３にステライト材を肉盛りした耐摩耗層１４が形成されている。これ以外の上述した一実施の形態によるシリンダ１（図１参照）と同様の部分については説明を省略する。   FIG. 2 is a schematic partial sectional view showing a cylinder for a biaxial screw kneading apparatus according to a modification. In the cylinder 11 of this modified example, the groove bottoms of the groove-like recesses 13 provided in the circumferential direction on the inner surface 12a of the cylinder hole 12 are semi-elliptical, and each groove-like recess 13 has a stellite. A wear-resistant layer 14 that is built up of a material is formed. Description of other parts similar to those of the cylinder 1 (see FIG. 1) according to the embodiment described above is omitted.

図３は他の変形例による二軸スクリュ混練装置用のシリンダを示す模式部分断面図である。本変形例のシリンダ２１は、シリンダ穴２２の内面２２ａに周方向に互いに間隔をおいて形成された溝状凹部２３の溝底の形状がシリンダ穴２２の内面２２ａと同芯円形状であり、各溝状凹部２３にステライト材を肉盛りした耐摩耗層２４が形成されている。これ以外の上述した一実施の形態によるシリンダ１（図１参照）と同様の部分については説明を省略する。   FIG. 3 is a schematic partial sectional view showing a cylinder for a biaxial screw kneading apparatus according to another modification. In the cylinder 21 of this modification, the shape of the groove bottom of the groove-shaped recess 23 formed in the inner surface 22a of the cylinder hole 22 in the circumferential direction is concentric with the inner surface 22a of the cylinder hole 22, A wear-resistant layer 24 in which a stellite material is built up is formed in each groove-like recess 23. Description of other parts similar to those of the cylinder 1 (see FIG. 1) according to the embodiment described above is omitted.

一実施の形態による二軸スクリュ混練装置用のシリンダを示し、（ａ）は軸方向に沿う模式断面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＡ−Ａ線に沿う模式断面図である。The cylinder for biaxial screw kneading apparatuses by one embodiment is shown, (a) is a schematic sectional view which meets an axial direction, and (b) is a schematic sectional view which meets an AA line of (a). 一変形例による二軸スクリュ混練装置用のシリンダの模式部分断面図である。It is a typical fragmentary sectional view of the cylinder for biaxial screw kneading apparatuses by one modification. 他の変形例による二軸スクリュ混練装置用のシリンダの模式部分断面図である。It is a typical fragmentary sectional view of the cylinder for biaxial screw kneading devices by other modifications. 一従来例による二軸スクリュ混練装置用のシリンダを示し、（ａ）は軸方向に沿う模式断面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＡ−Ａ線に沿う模式断面図である。The cylinder for the biaxial screw kneading apparatuses by one prior art example is shown, (a) is a schematic cross section along an axial direction, (b) is a schematic cross section along the AA line of (a). 他の従来例による２軸混練押出機用バレルの模式断面図である。It is a schematic cross section of the barrel for a biaxial kneading extruder according to another conventional example.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１、１１、２１ シリンダ
２、１２、２２ シリンダ穴
２ａ、１２ａ、２１ａ 内面
３、１３、２３ 溝状凹部
４、１４、２４ 耐摩耗層 1, 11, 21 Cylinder 2, 12, 22 Cylinder hole 2a, 12a, 21a Inner surface 3, 13, 23 Groove-shaped recess 4, 14, 24 Abrasion resistant layer

Claims (4)

シリンダ（１、１１、２１）が２本のスクリュが回転自在に配設されるシリンダ穴（２、１２、２２）を有しており、前記シリンダ穴の内面（２ａ、１２ａ、２２ａ）に周方向に互いに間隔をおいて複数の軸方向に延在する溝状凹部（３、１３、２３）を設け、前記溝状凹部に耐摩耗材を肉盛りすることにより、前記シリンダ穴の内面に周方向に互いに間隔をおいて複数の耐摩耗層（４、１４、２４）を形成したことを特徴とする二軸スクリュ混練装置用のシリンダ。   The cylinder (1, 11, 21) has a cylinder hole (2, 12, 22) in which two screws are rotatably arranged, and the inner surface (2a, 12a, 22a) of the cylinder hole A plurality of axially extending groove-like recesses (3, 13, 23) are provided at intervals in the direction, and a wear-resistant material is built up in the groove-like recesses, so that the inner surface of the cylinder hole is circumferentially provided. A cylinder for a biaxial screw kneading apparatus, wherein a plurality of wear-resistant layers (4, 14, 24) are formed at intervals. 耐摩耗材が、ステライト材であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の二軸スクリュ混練装置用のシリンダ。   2. The cylinder for a twin screw kneading apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the wear resistant material is a stellite material. 耐摩耗材が、Ｎｉ-Ｃｒ系のコルモノイ材または他の硬質合金材であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の二軸スクリュ混練装置用のシリンダ。   The cylinder for a twin-screw screw kneading apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant material is a Ni-Cr-based Colmonoy material or another hard alloy material. シリンダ穴の内面における各耐摩耗層間の間隔の部位に、表面処理を施したことを特徴とする請求項１ないし３いずれかに記載の二軸スクリュ混練装置用のシリンダ。   The cylinder for a twin screw kneading apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a surface treatment is applied to a portion of the space between the wear-resistant layers on the inner surface of the cylinder hole.
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