JP2006167525A - Garbage disposer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a garbage disposer for reducing malodor leaking from an opening for charging garbage and for reducing cleaning burden. <P>SOLUTION: This garbage disposer is continuously provided with a garbage crusher 11; a measuring tank 12 temporarily storing crushed garbage; an oil removal unit 20; a dewatering unit 30; a steam cooling unit 40; a water recovering tank 50; a vacuum pump 60; and a deodorizing unit 70. An opening 11a of the crusher 11 is provided with a nozzle 13 spraying a washing solution after crushing garbage. After the measuring tank 12 is filled with a given amount of garbage, the garbage is transferred by a pump 14, with oil removed, and subjected to dewatering. Dewatering is performed in a vacuum heating drying, steam generated here is recovered in the water recovering tank 50. Dewatered garbage is recovered in a porous bag 33a in a state that an air fan 34 sends air to a dewatering tank 31. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for processing garbage discharged from a cafeteria, a restaurant, a hospital and a nursing home kitchen.

  In kitchens such as canteens, restaurants, hospitals, and nursing homes, kitchen waste such as cooking waste and leftovers is generated. This garbage is a factor that generates bad odors, and it easily rots and generates a lot of bad odors. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an apparatus for dewatering garbage in order to prevent the generation of bad odor in the garbage and to reduce the volume.

The apparatus disclosed in Patent Literature 1 includes a weighing hopper that feeds garbage while weighing it, and includes a stirring dehydrator that stirs and dewaters the garbage, and an oil press that squeezes the oil content of the dehydrated garbage. It is provided. In the agitation dehydrator, the inside is sucked and exhausted through a condenser.
JP-A-8-126879

  When the apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 is used, garbage remains in the weighing hopper and a bad odor is generated. Further, in the case of continuous operation, the garbage that continues to adhere to the weighing hopper rots and the generation of bad odor becomes excessive. In order to suppress the generation of these bad odors, the apparatus must be cleaned regularly or every garbage treatment, but the work of cleaning unsanitary garbage is uncomfortable and complicated.

  In view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a garbage disposal apparatus that reduces the burden of cleaning the garbage input port to the dewatering machine that performs the dewatering treatment of the garbage, and suppresses malodorous leakage generated from the garbage. It is intended to provide.

  The present invention is a garbage processing apparatus for crushing and dewatering garbage, a crusher for crushing garbage, a garbage storage tank for temporarily storing crushed garbage, and crushing garbage A garbage disposal device comprising a crushing storage device having a washing machine for washing the inside of the crusher later.

  The said garbage disposal apparatus is equipped with the dehydration apparatus which spin-dry | dehydrates the garbage after crushing, The said crushing storage apparatus and the dehydration apparatus are connected via the piping which interposed the conveyance pump which conveys the garbage after crushing. May be. Even in such a configuration, since the crushed garbage is a mixture with water, the garbage is quickly conveyed by the conveyance pump.

  It is preferable that an oil removing device that removes oil contained in the garbage after crushing is provided between the crushing storage device and the dehydrating device. Garbage that has been dehydrated after removing oil becomes dehydrated garbage with reduced stickiness.

  It is preferable that the dewatering device has a dewatering tank for dewatering garbage, and a blower fan for blowing air to the inner wall of the dewatering tank is provided. Garbage adhering to the inner wall is peeled off by blowing air to the inner wall of the dehydration tank.

  The garbage disposal apparatus includes a water recovery tank and a decompression pump connected in series with the dehydration apparatus via a pipe, and the water recovery tank is provided between the dehydration apparatus and the decompression pump. good. At this time, the deodorizing action of the liquid stored in the water recovery tank is exhibited. The depressurization pump may be connected to a deodorizing device on the exhaust side.

  According to the garbage processing apparatus configured as described above, since the inside of the crusher is washed after the garbage is crushed, it is possible to prevent the garbage from remaining inside the crusher, and to prevent malodor generated from the garbage. Leakage outside the device is suppressed.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram for explaining an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  The garbage processing apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a crushing storage apparatus 10 that temporarily stores crushed garbage after crushing the garbage, and an oil removal apparatus 20 that removes oil contained in the crushed garbage. And a dehydrating device 30 for collecting the garbage after evaporating and dehydrating the moisture contained in the garbage after oil removal, a steam cooling device 40 for cooling the evaporated moisture, and a water recovery tank 50 for collecting the cooled moisture. And the decompression pump 60 and the deodorizing apparatus 70 are apparatuses connected in series via piping. And this garbage processing apparatus is controlled by the control apparatus which is not illustrated.

  The crushing storage device 10 is connected to a crusher 11 for crushing garbage, and a measuring tank 12 for temporarily storing the crushed garbage and measuring the amount of garbage and cleaning liquid stored therein by piping. Device. This device 10 is a kind of a self-priming pump connected to the lower part of the measuring tank 12 for conveying the nozzle 13 for injecting the cleaning liquid supplied to the inside of the crusher and the crushed garbage to the oil removing device 20. A monoflex pump 14 is provided.

  The crusher 11 has an opening 11a for throwing in garbage at the top and a metal blade 11c inside. The thrown-in garbage is crushed by rotating the metal blade 11c as the motor (not shown) rotates. A metal detector 11b is provided between the opening 11a and the metal blade 11c for detecting when a metal product such as a knife is introduced from the opening 11a. The crusher 11 is further connected to one end of a pipe through which an intake pump 80 for sucking the gas inside the crusher 11 is interposed, and the other end of the pipe is connected to the deodorizing device 70.

  In the metal detector 11b, a proximity sensor capable of detecting a magnetic metal such as iron and a proximity sensor capable of detecting a non-magnetic metal such as aluminum are used in combination. Is possible. Instead of the proximity sensor in the present embodiment, a proximity sensor that can detect metal magnetic or non-magnetic may be used.

  The motor that rotates the metal blade 11c is provided with an overcurrent detection circuit (not shown) that can detect when the current supplied to the motor becomes an overcurrent, and the overcurrent is detected. And the motor stops. By providing this circuit, even when there is a metal detection error of the metal detector, the motor automatically stops, and damage to the metal blade 11c and burn-in of the motor are prevented.

  The oil content removal device 20 is a device that mainly includes an oil content removal tank 21 that removes the oil content of the garbage conveyed from the measuring tank. Two pipes are connected to the bottom of the oil content removal tank, and one of the pipings Is provided with an on-off valve 22, and a monoflex pump 23, which is a self-priming pump, is provided on the other pipe. The on-off valve 22 is connected to the pump 14 of the crushing storage device 10 via a pipe.

  The oil removal tank 21 is a vertically long container having a vertically tapered shape with a tapered bottom and is connected to a pipe connected to the deodorizing device 70 at the top. The pipe connected to the upper portion is provided with an on-off valve 21b that allows the oil removal tank 21 and the deodorizing device 70 to communicate with each other. The oil removal tank 21 is provided with an oil adsorption filter 21a that traverses the internal space, and the inside of the tank 21 is divided into two chambers.

  The oil adsorption filter 21a is a porous body capable of adsorbing oil in garbage. As the filter 21a, a filter that does not substantially adsorb moisture, such as a polypropylene fiber nonwoven fabric, is selectively used.

  The dewatering device 30 includes a dewatering tank 31 that performs dewatering processing of the garbage that has been carried in, a processed material recovery device 33 that is connected to the bottom of the dewatering tank 31 via an on-off valve 32, and a lower part of the dewatering tank 31. It consists of a blower fan 34 and an opening / closing valve 35 interposed in a pipe connected to the object recovery unit 33.

  The dehydration tank 31 has a capacity of about 50 L in this embodiment, and is a vertically long rectangular container whose longitudinal section is an inversely tapered shape with a tapered lower part, and has an outer surface for increasing the internal temperature. When the internal pressure is remarkably increased, the heating device 31a wound around, the heat insulating material 31b covering the outer surface including the heating device 31a other than the portion where the connected pipe protrudes, and preventing internal temperature fluctuations, and And a safety valve 31c for releasing the internal gas to the outside. In addition, an opening / closing valve (not shown) for returning the inside of the dehydration tank to atmospheric pressure is provided. In addition, as the heating device 31a, a device using hot water heated by an electric heater, a boiler or the like is equipped.

  The processed product collector 33 is a freely openable box having a door 33b on one side surface, and is provided with a perforated bag 33a for accommodating the garbage dehydrated and dried in the dehydration tank 31 inside. The perforated bag 33 a is a mesh-like bag that is air permeable and can accommodate and hold dehydrated garbage, and the opening thereof is arranged toward a pipe connecting the dehydration tank 31.

  The steam cooling device 40 includes a primary cooling unit 41 that cools water vapor by cooling a pipe directly connected to an upper portion of the dehydration tank 31 at an ambient temperature, and a secondary cooling unit that further forcibly cools the water vapor cooled by the primary cooling unit 41. The on-off valve 43 is interposed in a pipe connecting the secondary cooling unit and the water recovery tank 50. These arrangement positions are a secondary cooling unit below the primary cooling unit 41, an on-off valve 43 below the secondary cooling unit, and a water recovery tank 50 below the on-off valve 43. The liquid generated by the cooling of the steam by the steam cooling device 40 descends spontaneously and is accommodated in the water recovery tank 50. In the steam cooling device 40, a resin pipe is used as a connection pipe between the dehydration tank 31, the primary cooling section 41, the secondary cooling section, the on-off valve 43, and the water recovery tank 50.

  The primary cooling part is a pipe in which a heat-radiating part is expanded by meandering a metal pipe excellent in heat dissipation. On the other hand, the secondary cooling unit has a configuration in which the pipe connected to the pipe of the primary cooling unit 41 passes through the forced cooling unit 42a that is forcibly cooled by the cooler 42b. The cooling unit 42b includes the forced cooling unit 42a. A thermostat is provided to control the temperature. A pipe that passes through the forced cooling section 42a is also a metal pipe in order to achieve a high cooling effect.

  The water recovery tank 50 includes a water storage tank 51 for storing the liquid generated by cooling with the steam cooling device 40, a stored liquid discharge pipe connected to the bottom of the water storage tank 51, and a stored liquid supply pipe to the nozzle 13. It has become.

  In the water storage tank 51, the atmospheric pressure in the dehydration tank 31 and in the water storage tank is detected in a state where the opening / closing valve 43 is open, and in the state in which the opening / closing valve 43 is closed, the atmospheric pressure only in the water storage tank 51 is detected. Is provided. In addition, an open / close valve 51b is provided that is opened to return the interior to atmospheric pressure when the stored liquid in the water storage tank 51 is discharged. Further, the water storage tank 51 is provided with a float switch (not shown) that opens the on-off valve 53a and operates the pump 53b when the amount of stored liquid exceeds a predetermined amount. A mechanism capable of supplying water appropriately is also provided.

  The storage liquid discharge pipe and the storage liquid supply pipe are provided with opening / closing valves 52a and 53a in the vicinity of the water storage tank 51, and then liquid feed pumps 52b and 53b for sucking and feeding the stored liquid in the water storage tank 51, respectively. It has been.

  The decompression pump 60 has an intake side pipe connected to the water storage tank 51 and an exhaust side pipe connected to the deodorizing device 70.

  The deodorizing device 70 deodorizes the odor of the gas exhausted by the decompression pump 60, and irradiates the gas and the titanium film with ultraviolet rays inside a plate in which an appropriate number of titanium oxide films for deodorization are formed. In addition, a cathode ray tube type germicidal lamp that sterilizes and deodorizes gas, and a black light that irradiates light and a wavelength of 300 to 450 nm to the gas and the titanium film (in this embodiment, a tungsten type black light) are provided. In order to increase the contact area with gas and exhibit high deodorization performance, a mesh-like plate is selected as the plate provided inside, and in this embodiment, a metal or resin plate is selected. Yes. As the black light, one having a light irradiation life longer than that of the germicidal lamp is selected, and even when the germicidal lamp is extinguished due to the life, light irradiation for deodorizing and sterilizing the gas is always performed.

  For example, when the capacity in the water storage tank 51 is 5 L, the capacity in the deodorization apparatus 70 is 7 L, and the deodorization apparatus 70 is set to have a larger capacity than the capacity of the water storage tank 51. Since the capacity of the deodorizing device 70 is larger than that of the water storage tank 51, the time that the gas sucked in to depressurize the inside of the water storage tank 51 stays in the deodorizing apparatus 70 is prolonged, and a high deodorizing capability is achieved. Will be demonstrated.

  In the garbage processing apparatus of the present embodiment, after the garbage is crushed by the crushing storage device 11, the oil content of the crushed garbage is removed by the oil removing device 20, and then the garbage is dried by the dehydrator 30. It is controlled to dewater until it is collected, and then the garbage is collected in the processed product collector 33. And while operating the garbage processing device, the intake pump 80 is continuously operated, and the odor in the crusher 11 is discharged toward the deodorizing device 70, so that the odor in the crush storage device 10 is discharged to the surroundings. Leakage is prevented. Further, the germicidal lamp and the black light in the deodorizing device 70 can be arbitrarily operated, and are normally operated regardless of before and after the garbage treatment to perform deodorization throughout.

  The crushing of the garbage in the crushing storage device 11 is performed by introducing the garbage from the opening 11a of the crusher 11 in which the metal blade 11c rotates at a low speed. When the thrown-in garbage includes a metal product such as a knife, the rotation of the metal blade 11c stops when the metal detector 11b detects the metal product. If the metal detector 11b cannot detect the metal product, an overcurrent is supplied to the motor rotating the metal blade 11c, and the overcurrent detection circuit supplies the overcurrent to the motor. Is detected, the rotation of the metal blade 11c is stopped. Such rotation stop prevents damage to the metal blade 11c and seizure of the motor due to overcurrent.

  Garbage crushed by the crusher 11 is stored in the measuring tank 12. After the storage, the rotation of the metal blade 11c is stopped, and water as a cleaning liquid is sprayed from the nozzle 13 toward the opening 11a and below of the crusher 11. The inside of the crusher 11 is cleaned by the jet of water from the nozzle 13, and the water that has washed the inside of the crusher 11 is also stored in the measuring tank 12. By cleaning the inside of the crusher 11, it is possible to prevent the odor generated from the garbage when the apparatus is stopped from leaking out of the crusher 11.

  In this embodiment, the garbage and washing water stored in the measuring tank 12 are weighed in an amount of 10 or 15 L, and when this measured value is reached, the on-off valve 22 is opened and the monoflex pump 14 causes the oil removal tank. 21 is conveyed. In the garbage conveyance by the pump 14, the garbage is mixed with the washing water, so that it is prevented from being caught by air in the pipe from the pump 14 to the oil removal tank 21. Transport is performed smoothly. While the mixture of garbage and washing water is supplied into the tank 21, the on-off valve 21 b provided in the pipe connected to the upper part of the tank 21 is opened.

  Supply of the mixture of garbage and washing water into the oil removal tank 21 is performed so as to fill the tank 21 from the bottom to the top. This filling is continued even after the mixture of garbage and washing water reaches the oil adsorption filter 21a in the tank 21, and only the liquid mainly composed of washing water passes through the filter 21a by this continuous filling. Become. At this time, the oil contained in the passing liquid is adsorbed by the filter 21a, so that the oil is removed.

  The garbage from which oil has been removed by the oil removing device 20 is conveyed into the dewatering tank 31 by the monoflex pump 23. At this time, the on-off valve 36 of the dehydrating device 30 is opened, and the on-off valves 32 and 35 are closed. At the time of transport, the liquid that has passed through the filter 21a when the mixture of garbage and washing water in the oil removal tank 21 is filled again passes through the filter 21a, so that the oil contained in the liquid is further removed.

  The garbage is dehydrated in the dehydrator 30 according to the set time as follows. After garbage is carried into the dehydration tank 31, the on-off valve 36 is closed. At this time, the on-off valves 32 and 35 are also closed. On the other hand, the on-off valve 43 is in an open state and communicates from the dehydration tank 31 to the decompression pump 60. In this communication state, the depressurization pump 60 operates to depressurize the interior of the dewatering tank 31. The decompression pump 60 operates until the pressure in the tank 31 is reduced to 7 Kpa or less at which the boiling point of water becomes 38 ° C.

  After depressurization, the heating device 31a starts operation, and the inside of the dehydration tank 31 is brought to a temperature of 45 to 50 ° C. This temperature is a temperature that exceeds the boiling point of water, and is a state in which the boiling and evaporation of water becomes rapid. At this time, since the water in the garbage whose oil content has been reduced is evaporated by the oil content removal device 20, an increase in boiling point due to the mixing of the oil content with water is also suppressed. When evaporation of water occurs and the pressure in the dehydration tank 31 rises to a pressure exceeding 7 Kpa, and the pressure sensor 51a in the water storage tank 51 detects this pressure increase, the decompression pump 60 starts operation again. Thereby, continuous dewatering of garbage is realized.

  In depressurization, the inside of the dehydration tank 31 and the water storage tank 51 is sucked by the decompression pump 60 and exhausted toward the deodorization device 70. However, since sterilization and deodorization are performed, it is prevented that malodors leak out to the outside. .

  During the garbage dehydration process, the generated steam is liquefied by passing through the steam cooling device 40. The liquefied material is stored in the water storage tank 51 as it is. Since the water storage tank 51 is also decompressed by the decompression pump 60, the odor component contained in the stored liquid in the storage tank 51 is vaporized again, and the deodorizing effect of the stored liquid can be brought about.

  When the garbage dehydration process is finished, the operation of the heating device 31a is stopped, the operation of the decompression pump 60 is stopped, the opening / closing valve for returning to the atmospheric pressure in the dehydrating tank 31 is opened, and the opening / closing valve 32 is opened. Garbage is accommodated in the perforated bag 33a. After the opening / closing valve 32 is opened, the opening / closing valve 35 is opened, and the blower fan 34 is operated to blow air toward the inner wall of the dehydration tank 31a. By blowing air, the dehydrated garbage adhering to the inner wall of the dehydration tank 31a is peeled off and accommodated in the perforated bag 33a. Further, since the garbage is sucked into the perforated bag 33a by the operation of the blower fan 34, the garbage is quickly collected into the perforated bag 33a, and further, the garbage is placed in the flow of wind. Therefore, the completeness of garbage drying is enhanced.

  By the above garbage processing of the present embodiment, the dried garbage is collected in the perforated bag 33a. Since the collected garbage is dry garbage obtained by evaporating water, the amount is reduced, and the garbage is contained in the oil removing device 20 before being carried into the dehydration tank 31. Since the oil content is reduced, the stickiness of the garbage after dehydration is also suppressed.

  Next, the stored liquid draining operation in the water storage tank 51 in the garbage processing apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described. Drainage is started when the float switch in the water storage tank 51 detects a certain amount of stored liquid regardless of whether or not dewatering processing is performed on the garbage.

  When the garbage is not dewatered, the on-off valve 51b is opened, and after the inside of the storage tank 51 is at the same atmospheric pressure as the atmospheric pressure, the on-off valve 53a is opened, and the liquid feeding pump 53b starts operation. The stored liquid is drained. When the drainage is completed, the operation of the pump 53b is stopped and the on-off valves 53a and 51b are closed.

  When garbage is being dewatered, after the on-off valve 43 is closed so that outside air does not flow into the dewatering tank 31, the on-off valve 51b is opened and the decompression pump 60 is stopped. To do. After the inside of the storage tank 51 becomes the same atmospheric pressure as the atmospheric pressure, the on-off valve 53a opens, the liquid feed pump 53b starts operation, and the stored liquid is drained. When the drainage is completed, the operation of the pump 53b is stopped and the on-off valves 53a and 51b are closed. Next, after the decompression pump is activated and the pressure in the water storage tank 51 is reduced to 7 Kpa, which is a predetermined atmospheric pressure, the opening / closing valve 43 is opened, and the draining operation is completed.

  As mentioned above, the garbage processing apparatus of this embodiment operates. The garbage disposal apparatus in the present embodiment can be variously modified as long as the gist of the present invention is not changed. For example, if the amount of oil contained in the garbage is small, the oil removal processing device 20 may not be provided. If the liquefaction of the steam generated in the dehydrator 30 can be cooled by the ambient temperature such as the primary cooling unit 41, it is not necessary to provide a cooler that forcibly cools the steam such as the secondary cooling unit, The temperature in the secondary cooling unit may be managed by a thermostat or the like, and the operation of the secondary cooling unit may be performed only when the cooling in the primary cooling unit 41 is insufficient. In addition, if it is necessary to transport the dried garbage to the carbonization apparatus, the garbage processing apparatus may be configured so that the transport apparatus can be connected. In addition, the deodorizing device 70 may not be provided as long as the gas exhausted by the intake pump 80, the decompression pump 60, or the like can be discharged outside the room.

It is a block diagram for demonstrating the apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Crush storage apparatus 11 Crusher 12 Measuring tank 13 Nozzle 14 Monoflex pump 20 Oil content removal device 21 Oil content removal tank 21a Oil content removal filter 23 Monoflex pump 30 Dehydration device 40 Steam cooling device 50 Water recovery tank 60 Pressure reduction pump 70 Deodorization device 80 Intake pump

Claims (6)

A garbage disposal device for crushing and dewatering garbage,
A crusher for crushing garbage;
A garbage storage tank for temporarily storing crushed garbage;
A garbage processing apparatus comprising a crushing storage device having a washing machine for washing the inside of the crusher after crushing garbage. The garbage processing apparatus includes a dehydrating device for dewatering the garbage after crushing,
The garbage processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the crushing storage device and the dewatering device are connected to each other through a pipe interposing a conveyance pump for conveying the crushed garbage. The said garbage processing apparatus is a garbage processing apparatus of Claim 2 provided with the oil content removal apparatus which removes the oil content contained in the garbage after crushing between the said crushing storage apparatus and a dehydration apparatus. The garbage processing apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the dewatering device includes a dewatering tank for dewatering garbage, and a blower fan for blowing air to an inner wall of the dewatering tank is provided. The garbage disposal apparatus includes a water recovery tank and a vacuum pump connected in series with the dehydrator and a pipe,
The garbage disposal apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the water recovery tank is provided between the dehydration apparatus and a vacuum pump. The garbage processing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a deodorizing device is connected to the exhaust side of the vacuum pump.

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