JP2006164653A - Laminated fuel cell - Google Patents

Laminated fuel cell Download PDF

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JP2006164653A
JP2006164653A JP2004352147A JP2004352147A JP2006164653A JP 2006164653 A JP2006164653 A JP 2006164653A JP 2004352147 A JP2004352147 A JP 2004352147A JP 2004352147 A JP2004352147 A JP 2004352147A JP 2006164653 A JP2006164653 A JP 2006164653A
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electrode assembly
membrane electrode
separator
fuel cell
peripheral end
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JP5011640B2 (en
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Masaki Takahashi
正樹 高橋
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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Fuji Electric Holdings Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a laminated fuel cell formed by laminating unit cells of which the membrane-electrode assembly is laid between separators, with excellent insulating performance at a peripheral end and capable of operating at high power-generating efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: By forming chamfering parts at peripheral ends the separators opposed to each other pinching the membrane-electrode assembly 1, an electric insulation distance between a pair of the separators is augmented. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

この発明は、膜電極接合体をセパレーターで挟んで形成される単セルからなる積層形燃料電池の構成に関する。   The present invention relates to a structure of a stacked fuel cell including a single cell formed by sandwiching a membrane electrode assembly between separators.

燃料電池においては、膜電極接合体を反応ガス流路を備えたセパレーターで挟んで単セルが形成されるが、1個の単セルの発電電圧は１Ｖに満たない低い電圧であるため、実用の燃料電池では、単セルを積層して積層形燃料電池とし、所要の電圧、電流を得ている。図５は、この種の積層形燃料電池の単セルの従来の構成例を示す分解斜視図で、図中の１は、発電反応に寄与する膜電極接合体、２は拡散層、３は、各単セルに流れる反応ガス、すなわち燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスの流れをそれぞれ分離するセパレーターである。図５に示された５個の構成要素を順次積層することにより単セルが構成される。すなわち、図中に斜線で示した膜電極接合体１の発電領域の両面に対向して拡散層２を配し、さらに、これらの拡散層２の外面にセパレーター３の反応ガス流路部分を配して、膜電極接合体１を２個のセパレーター３により挟持することにより単セルが構成される。   In a fuel cell, a single cell is formed by sandwiching a membrane electrode assembly with a separator having a reaction gas flow path. However, since the power generation voltage of one single cell is a low voltage of less than 1 V, it is practical. In a fuel cell, single cells are stacked to form a stacked fuel cell, and necessary voltage and current are obtained. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing a conventional configuration example of a single cell of this type of stacked fuel cell, in which 1 is a membrane electrode assembly that contributes to power generation reaction, 2 is a diffusion layer, 3 is It is a separator which separates the flow of the reaction gas which flows into each single cell, ie, the flow of fuel gas and oxidant gas, respectively. A single cell is formed by sequentially stacking the five components shown in FIG. That is, the diffusion layer 2 is disposed opposite to both surfaces of the power generation region of the membrane electrode assembly 1 indicated by hatching in the drawing, and the reaction gas flow path portion of the separator 3 is disposed on the outer surface of these diffusion layers 2. A single cell is formed by sandwiching the membrane electrode assembly 1 between the two separators 3.

図５において、膜電極接合体１の周縁部とセパレーター３の周縁部とを連通する６個の孔は、反応ガスとして用いられる燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスの供給用マニホールドと排出用マニホールド、ならびに燃料電池の温度を制御するために用いられる冷却水の供給用マニホールドと排出用マニホールドの役割を果たす連通孔である。すなわち、燃料ガス（図中でＡと表記）は、図中右手前側縁部の手前側に配置された燃料ガス供給用マニホールドから供給され、セパレーター３に設けられた燃料ガス流路を流れたのち、図中左奥側側縁部の奥側に配置された燃料ガス排出用マニホールドから排出され、また、酸化剤ガス（図中でＢと表記）は、図中右手前側縁部の奥側に配置された酸化剤ガス供給用マニホールドから供給され、セパレーター３に設けられた酸化剤ガス流路を流れたのち、図中左奥側側縁部の手前側に配置された酸化剤ガス排出用マニホールドから排出されるよう構成されている。さらに、冷却水（図中でＣと表記）は、図中右奥側側縁部に配置された冷却水供給用マニホールドから供給され、セパレーター３に適宜設けられた冷却水流路を流れたのち、図中左手前側側縁部に配置された冷却水排出用マニホールドから排出されるよう構成されている。   In FIG. 5, six holes communicating the peripheral edge of the membrane electrode assembly 1 and the peripheral edge of the separator 3 are a supply manifold and a discharge manifold for fuel gas and oxidant gas used as reaction gas, and fuel. This is a communication hole that serves as a cooling water supply manifold and a discharge manifold used to control the temperature of the battery. That is, fuel gas (indicated as A in the figure) is supplied from a fuel gas supply manifold disposed on the front side of the right front side edge in the figure, and flows through the fuel gas flow path provided in the separator 3 The exhaust gas is discharged from a fuel gas discharge manifold disposed on the back side of the left rear side edge in the figure, and the oxidant gas (denoted as B in the figure) is discharged to the back side of the right front side edge part in the figure. An oxidant gas discharge manifold which is supplied from the oxidant gas supply manifold arranged and flows through the oxidant gas flow path provided in the separator 3 and is arranged on the front side of the left rear side edge in the figure. It is configured to be discharged from. Further, the cooling water (denoted as C in the figure) is supplied from a cooling water supply manifold disposed on the right back side edge in the figure, and flows through a cooling water flow path appropriately provided in the separator 3, It is configured to be discharged from a cooling water discharge manifold arranged at the left front side edge portion in the figure.

なお、固体高分子電解質膜（ＰＥ膜）の両面に電極を密着した膜電極接合体を用いる固体高分子電解質型燃料電池においては、湿潤状態の変化に伴ってＰＥ膜の寸法が大幅に膨張、あるいは収縮するので、膜電極接合体の構成によっては過度に応力が加わって破損を生じる恐れがある。これに対応するものとして、特許文献１には、方形状のＰＥ膜の両面にこのＰＥ膜より外形寸法の小さい方形状の電極を密着して膜電極接合体を形成するものにおいて、ＰＥ膜に密着させる方形状の電極の角部を円弧状に形成し、あるいは角部に面取りを施して膜電極接合体を形成し、ＰＥ膜に加わる応力の集中を緩和して過度の応力による破損を回避するよう構成した燃料電池が示されている。
特開平６−３３８３３５号公報 In a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell using a membrane electrode assembly in which electrodes are closely attached to both surfaces of a solid polymer electrolyte membrane (PE membrane), the dimension of the PE membrane greatly expands as the wet state changes. Alternatively, since it contracts, depending on the configuration of the membrane electrode assembly, there is a possibility that stress is applied excessively and breakage occurs. Corresponding to this, in Patent Document 1, a membrane electrode assembly is formed by closely adhering a square electrode having a smaller outer dimension than the PE film on both sides of a square PE film. The corners of the square electrode to be adhered are formed in an arc shape, or the corners are chamfered to form a membrane electrode assembly, and the stress concentration applied to the PE film is reduced to avoid damage due to excessive stress. A fuel cell configured to do so is shown.
JP-A-6-338335

図５のごとく構成された積層形燃料電池の単セルでは、膜電極接合体１を挟む一組のセパレーター３のうち一方のセパレーター３のガス流路に燃料ガスを通流させ、もう一方のセパレーター３のガス流路に酸化剤ガスを通流させると、膜電極接合体１で電気化学反応が生じて両電極間に電位差が発生し、これを外部の導電部材に接続することによって外部に電気エネルギーが取り出されることとなる。図６に示した積層方向の部分断面図に見られるように、積層して構成された単セルの周端部は、膜電極接合体１を同一の端面を有する一組のセパレーター３で挟んで構成されており、各電極に電気的に連結された一組のセパレーター３の間を電気絶縁性の膜電極接合体１で電気絶縁している。
したがって、単セルの端部の両電極間は膜電極接合体１の厚さを絶縁距離として電気絶縁されることとなっているが、膜電極接合体１の厚さは 10 ~ 50 ・と非常に薄いので、単セルの端部に水分や塵埃が付着すると電気絶縁が不十分となる危険性がある。このように電気絶縁性能の低下した部分が生じると、この部分に電流が集中的に流れ、外部に取り出される電力が減少して発電効率が下がることとなる。 In the single cell of the stacked fuel cell configured as shown in FIG. 5, the fuel gas is passed through the gas flow path of one separator 3 of the pair of separators 3 sandwiching the membrane electrode assembly 1, and the other separator When the oxidant gas is passed through the gas flow path 3, an electrochemical reaction occurs in the membrane electrode assembly 1 and a potential difference is generated between the two electrodes. Energy will be extracted. As can be seen from the partial cross-sectional view in the stacking direction shown in FIG. 6, the peripheral end portion of the unit cell formed by stacking the membrane electrode assembly 1 is sandwiched between a pair of separators 3 having the same end face. A pair of separators 3 electrically connected to each electrode is electrically insulated by an electrically insulating membrane electrode assembly 1.
Therefore, the two electrodes at the end of the single cell are electrically insulated by using the thickness of the membrane electrode assembly 1 as the insulation distance, but the thickness of the membrane electrode assembly 1 is 10-50 · Therefore, if moisture or dust adheres to the end of the single cell, there is a risk that electrical insulation will be insufficient. When a portion where the electrical insulation performance is reduced is generated in this way, current flows intensively in this portion, and the power taken out to the outside is reduced and the power generation efficiency is lowered.

本発明は、上記のごとき従来技術の問題点を顧慮してなされたもので、本発明の目的は、膜電極接合体を一組のセパレーターで挟持して単セルが形成される積層形燃料電池において、各単セルの周端部のセパレーター間の電気絶縁性が十分に確保され、漏洩電流による特性低下が回避されて高い発電効率で運転できる積層形燃料電池を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in consideration of the problems of the prior art as described above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a stacked fuel cell in which a single cell is formed by sandwiching a membrane electrode assembly with a set of separators. In other words, it is an object of the present invention to provide a stacked fuel cell that can sufficiently operate with high power generation efficiency while ensuring sufficient electrical insulation between separators at the peripheral edge of each single cell, avoiding deterioration in characteristics due to leakage current.

上記の目的を達成するために、本発明においては、
両面に拡散層を配した膜電極接合体と反応ガス流路を備えたセパレーターとからなる単セルを積層して構成される積層形燃料電池において、
（１）上記の膜電極接合体を挟んで相対する上記のセパレーターの周端部に面取り部を備えることとする。あるいは、
（２）上記の膜電極接合体を挟んで相対する上記のセパレーターの周端部に面取り部を備え、かつ、この面取り部に電気絶縁性部材を充填することとする。あるいは、
（３）上記の膜電極接合体の周端部が、この膜電極接合体を挟んで相対する上記のセパレーターの周端部より周端方向に突出するよう形成することとする。 In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention,
In a stacked fuel cell configured by laminating a single cell composed of a membrane electrode assembly in which diffusion layers are arranged on both sides and a separator having a reaction gas flow path,
(1) A chamfered portion is provided at the peripheral end portion of the separator opposed to the membrane electrode assembly. Or
(2) A chamfered portion is provided at the peripheral end portion of the separator facing each other across the membrane electrode assembly, and the chamfered portion is filled with an electrically insulating member. Or
(3) The peripheral end portion of the membrane electrode assembly is formed so as to protrude in the peripheral end direction from the peripheral end portion of the separator facing the membrane electrode assembly.

単セルが、両面に拡散層を配した膜電極接合体と反応ガス流路を備えたセパレーターとを積層して構成される積層形燃料電池において、上記の（１）のごとく、膜電極接合体を挟んで相対するセパレーターの周端部に面取り部を備えることとすれば、相対するセパレーター間の絶縁距離は、膜電極接合体の厚さにセパレーターの周端部の面取り部の深さを加えた距離となり、従来の絶縁距離に比べて大幅に長くなるので、絶縁性能が向上し、特性低下の危険性が低減する。また、上記の（２）のごとく、膜電極接合体を挟んで相対するセパレーターの周端部に面取り部を備え、かつ、この面取り部に電気絶縁性部材を充填することとすれば、上記の（１）と同様に相対するセパレーター間の絶縁距離を長くすることができ、かつ、この絶縁距離を容易に確保することができる。また、上記の（３）のごとく、膜電極接合体の周端部がセパレーターの周端部より周端方向に突出するよう形成すれば、相対するセパレーター間の絶縁距離は、従来の絶縁距離に比べて膜電極接合体の突出部に相当する長さ分だけ長くなるので、これに見合って絶縁性能が向上し、特性低下の危険性が低減することとなる。   In a stacked fuel cell in which a single cell is formed by laminating a membrane electrode assembly in which diffusion layers are disposed on both sides and a separator having a reaction gas flow path, as described in (1) above, the membrane electrode assembly If the chamfered portion is provided at the peripheral edge of the separator that faces the separator, the insulation distance between the separators is the thickness of the membrane electrode assembly plus the depth of the chamfer at the peripheral edge of the separator. Since the distance is longer than the conventional insulation distance, the insulation performance is improved and the risk of deterioration of the characteristics is reduced. Further, as described in (2) above, if the peripheral end portion of the separator facing the membrane electrode assembly is provided with a chamfered portion and the chamfered portion is filled with an electrically insulating member, As in (1), the insulation distance between the opposing separators can be increased, and this insulation distance can be easily ensured. Further, as described in (3) above, if the peripheral end portion of the membrane electrode assembly is formed so as to protrude in the peripheral end direction from the peripheral end portion of the separator, the insulation distance between the opposing separators becomes the conventional insulation distance. Compared with this, it becomes longer by the length corresponding to the protruding portion of the membrane electrode assembly, and accordingly, the insulation performance is improved and the risk of characteristic deterioration is reduced.

本発明の最良の実施形態は、単セルが両面に拡散層を配した膜電極接合体と反応ガス流路を備えたセパレーターとを積層して構成される積層形燃料電池において、膜電極接合体を挟んで相対する上記のセパレーターの周端部に面取り部を備えた形態にあり、他の最良の実施形態は、単セルが、両面に拡散層を配した膜電極接合体と反応ガス流路を備えたセパレーターとを積層して構成される積層形燃料電池において、膜電極接合体を挟んで相対する上記のセパレーターの周端部に面取り部を備え、かつ、この面取り部に電気絶縁性部材を充填した形態にある。このほか、単セルが、両面に拡散層を配した膜電極接合体と反応ガス流路を備えたセパレーターとを積層して構成される積層形燃料電池において、膜電極接合体の周端部が、この膜電極接合体を挟んで相対する上記のセパレーターの周端部より周端方向に突出するよう形成された形態としてもよい。   BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The best mode of the present invention is to provide a membrane electrode assembly in which a single cell is formed by laminating a membrane electrode assembly in which diffusion layers are arranged on both sides and a separator having a reaction gas flow path. In the form in which the chamfered portion is provided at the peripheral end portion of the separator facing each other across the substrate, the other best embodiment is a membrane electrode assembly in which a single cell is provided with a diffusion layer on both sides, and a reactive gas flow path In the laminated fuel cell configured by laminating a separator provided with a chamfered portion, a chamfered portion is provided at the peripheral end portion of the separator facing each other across the membrane electrode assembly, and the chamfered portion has an electrically insulating member. It is in the form filled. In addition, in a stacked fuel cell in which a single cell is configured by laminating a membrane electrode assembly in which diffusion layers are provided on both sides and a separator having a reaction gas flow path, the peripheral end of the membrane electrode assembly is The membrane electrode assembly may be formed so as to protrude in the circumferential end direction from the circumferential end portion of the separator that is opposed to the membrane electrode assembly.

図１は、本発明の積層形燃料電池の第1の実施例の単セルの周端部の構成を模式的に示す積層方向の部分断面図である。本図は従来例を示した図６に対比して第1の実施例を示したもので、図６と同様に、１は膜電極接合体、３は、膜電極接合体１を挟持するセパレーターである。本実施例の特徴は、膜電極接合体１を挟んで相対するセパレーター３の周端部に面取り部を備えて単セルが構成されている点にある。セパレーター３の厚さは通常 2 ~3 mm であるので、面取りの寸法は 0.5~1 mm 程度とするのが適当である。本構成においては、相対するセパレーター３の間の周端部の絶縁距離が、従来の膜電極接合体１の厚さ相当分（10 ~ 50 ・）に比べて、面取り部の深さ相当分（0.5~1 mmの2倍相当）増大するので、絶縁性能が飛躍的に増大し、漏洩電流の発生による特性低下の危険性が回避されることとなる。   FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view in the stacking direction schematically showing a configuration of a peripheral end portion of a single cell of a first embodiment of the stacked fuel cell of the present invention. This figure shows the first embodiment in comparison with FIG. 6 showing the conventional example. Like FIG. 6, 1 is a membrane electrode assembly, and 3 is a separator for sandwiching the membrane electrode assembly 1. It is. A feature of the present embodiment is that a single cell is formed by providing a chamfered portion at the peripheral end portion of the separator 3 facing each other across the membrane electrode assembly 1. Since the thickness of the separator 3 is usually 2 to 3 mm, it is appropriate that the chamfer dimension is about 0.5 to 1 mm. In this configuration, the insulation distance at the peripheral edge between the separators 3 facing each other is equivalent to the depth of the chamfered portion (10 to 50 ·) compared to the thickness equivalent to the conventional membrane electrode assembly 1 (10 to 50 ·). Therefore, the insulation performance is drastically increased, and the risk of deterioration of characteristics due to the occurrence of leakage current is avoided.

図２は、本発明の積層形燃料電池の第２の実施例の単セルの周端部の構成を模式的に示す積層方向の部分断面図である。本実施例の第１の特徴は、膜電極接合体１の周端部が、この膜電極接合体１を挟んで相対するセパレーター３の周端部より周端方向に距離δだけ突出するよう形成されている点にあり、第2の特徴は、第1の実施例と同様に、膜電極接合体１を挟んで相対するセパレーター３の周端部に面取り部が備えられている点にある。したがって、本構成では、膜電極接合体１をセパレーター３より周端方向に突出して組み込むことによって絶縁距離が増大し、さらに、セパレーター３の周端部に面取り部を設けることによって絶縁距離が増大するので、漏洩電流による特性低下がより確実に回避されることとなる。なお、第1の実施例のように厚さが2 ~3 mmの通常のセパレーター３の場合には、上記の膜電極接合体１の周端部の周端方向への突出距離δを1~1.5 mm 程度とするのが適当である。また、本実施例では、膜電極接合体１の周端部を突出させ、同時にセパレーター３の周端部に面取り部を設けているが、膜電極接合体１の周端部を突出させるだけでも、絶縁距離が増大するので、漏洩電流による特性低下の回避に有効であることは改めて実施例を挙げるまでもなく明らかである。   FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view in the stacking direction schematically showing the configuration of the peripheral end portion of the single cell of the second embodiment of the stacked fuel cell of the present invention. The first feature of the present embodiment is that the peripheral end portion of the membrane electrode assembly 1 is protruded by a distance δ in the peripheral end direction from the peripheral end portion of the separator 3 opposed to the membrane electrode assembly 1. As in the first embodiment, the second feature is that a chamfered portion is provided at the peripheral end of the separator 3 that is opposed to the membrane electrode assembly 1. Accordingly, in this configuration, the insulation distance is increased by incorporating the membrane electrode assembly 1 so as to protrude from the separator 3 in the circumferential direction, and further, the insulation distance is increased by providing a chamfered portion at the circumferential end of the separator 3. Therefore, characteristic deterioration due to leakage current can be avoided more reliably. In the case of the normal separator 3 having a thickness of 2 to 3 mm as in the first embodiment, the protrusion distance δ in the peripheral direction of the peripheral end portion of the membrane electrode assembly 1 is set to 1 to A value of about 1.5 mm is appropriate. In this embodiment, the peripheral end portion of the membrane electrode assembly 1 is protruded and a chamfered portion is provided at the peripheral end portion of the separator 3 at the same time. However, only the peripheral end portion of the membrane electrode assembly 1 is protruded. Since the insulation distance increases, it is clear that it is effective in avoiding the characteristic deterioration due to the leakage current, without needing to give another example.

図３は、本発明の積層形燃料電池の第３の実施例の単セルの周端部の構成を模式的に示す積層方向の部分断面図である。本実施例の特徴は、図１に示した第1の実施例のごとく膜電極接合体１を挟んで相対するセパレーター３の周端部に面取り部を備え、さらにその面取り部に絶縁性樹脂４を充填して単セルを構成した点にある。本構成では、第1の実施例と同様に相対するセパレーター３の間の絶縁距離が面取り部の形成によって増大し、絶縁性樹脂４の充填により確保されるので、漏洩電流の発生が特に効果的に防止され、燃料電池の特性低下が回避される。なお、面取り部に充填する絶縁性樹脂４としてシーリング用シリコーン樹脂などのシーリング剤を用いることとすれば施工が容易で、安価に製作できる。また、あらかじめ枠状に成形した、例えばフッ素樹脂等からなる絶縁性樹脂４をはめ込んで用いる構成としても、施工が容易となる。   FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view in the stacking direction schematically showing the configuration of the peripheral end of the single cell of the third embodiment of the stacked fuel cell of the present invention. The feature of this embodiment is that, as in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a chamfered portion is provided at the peripheral end portion of the separator 3 facing each other across the membrane electrode assembly 1, and an insulating resin 4 is provided at the chamfered portion. In that a single cell is formed. In this configuration, the insulation distance between the separators 3 facing each other is increased by the formation of the chamfered portion as in the first embodiment, and is ensured by filling with the insulating resin 4, so that the generation of leakage current is particularly effective. Therefore, deterioration of the characteristics of the fuel cell is avoided. If a sealing agent such as a silicone resin for sealing is used as the insulating resin 4 filled in the chamfered portion, the construction is easy and can be manufactured at low cost. Further, the construction can be facilitated even if the insulating resin 4 made of, for example, a fluororesin or the like is used by being fitted in a frame shape.

図４は、本発明の積層形燃料電池の第４の実施例の単セルの周端部の構成を模式的に示す積層方向の部分断面図である。本実施例の特徴は、第3の実施例と同様に、セパレーターの周端部に面取り部を備え、その面取り部に絶縁性樹脂を充填して絶縁距離を増大させた構成にある。本実施例の第3の実施例との相違点は膜電極接合体１の周端部、ならびに面取り部に充填される絶縁性樹脂の形状にある。すなわち、第3の実施例の構成では膜電極接合体１の周端部がセパレーターの周端部と同一寸法であったのに対して、本実施例の構成では、膜電極接合体１の周端部がセパレーターの周端部より小さく、面取り部分の寸法と同一の寸法に形成されている。また、これに対応して、第3の実施例で膜電極接合体１の両面の周端部に組み込まれていた一組の絶縁性樹脂４に替わって一個の絶縁性樹脂４Ａが組み込まれている。したがって、本構成では、絶縁距離が増大して漏洩電流の発生による燃料電池の特性低下が防止されるとともに、絶縁距離の増大に必要な絶縁部材の所要個数が少なく抑えられるので、製作コストが安価となる。   FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view in the stacking direction schematically showing the configuration of the peripheral end portion of the single cell of the fourth embodiment of the stacked fuel cell of the present invention. As in the third embodiment, this embodiment is characterized in that a chamfered portion is provided at the peripheral end of the separator, and the insulating distance is increased by filling the chamfered portion with an insulating resin. The difference of the present embodiment from the third embodiment is the shape of the insulating resin filled in the peripheral end portion and the chamfered portion of the membrane electrode assembly 1. That is, in the configuration of the third embodiment, the peripheral end portion of the membrane electrode assembly 1 has the same dimensions as the peripheral end portion of the separator, whereas in the configuration of this embodiment, the peripheral end portion of the membrane electrode assembly 1 is The end portion is smaller than the peripheral end portion of the separator and is formed to have the same size as the chamfered portion. Correspondingly, a single insulating resin 4A is incorporated in place of the pair of insulating resins 4 incorporated in the peripheral ends of both surfaces of the membrane electrode assembly 1 in the third embodiment. Yes. Therefore, in this configuration, the insulation distance is increased and the deterioration of the characteristics of the fuel cell due to the generation of leakage current is prevented, and the required number of insulation members necessary for the increase of the insulation distance is reduced, so that the manufacturing cost is low. It becomes.

以上に述べたように、積層形燃料電池を本発明のごとく構成することとすれば、積層形燃料電池を構成する各単セルの周端部のセパレーター間の電気絶縁距離が大幅に増大するので、電気絶縁性が十分に確保され、漏洩電流による特性低下が回避されて高い発電効率での運転が可能となるので、本発明はこの種の積層形燃料電池に広く適用されるものと期待される。   As described above, if the stacked fuel cell is configured as in the present invention, the electrical insulation distance between the separators at the peripheral edge of each single cell constituting the stacked fuel cell is greatly increased. Therefore, the present invention is expected to be widely applied to this type of stacked fuel cell because the electrical insulation is sufficiently secured, the characteristic deterioration due to the leakage current is avoided, and the operation with high power generation efficiency is possible. The

本発明の第1の実施例の単セルの周端部の構成を模式的に示す積層方向の部分断面図1 is a partial cross-sectional view in the stacking direction schematically showing the configuration of a peripheral end portion of a single cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第２の実施例の単セルの周端部の構成を模式的に示す積層方向の部分断面図Partial sectional view in the stacking direction schematically showing the configuration of the peripheral end of the unit cell of the second embodiment of the present invention 本発明の第３の実施例の単セルの周端部の構成を模式的に示す積層方向の部分断面図Partial sectional view in the stacking direction schematically showing the configuration of the peripheral end of the unit cell of the third embodiment of the present invention 本発明の第４の実施例の単セルの周端部の構成を模式的に示す積層方向の部分断面図Partial sectional view in the stacking direction schematically showing the structure of the peripheral end of the unit cell of the fourth embodiment of the present invention この種の積層形燃料電池の単セルの従来の構成例を示す分解斜視図An exploded perspective view showing a conventional configuration example of a single cell of this type of stacked fuel cell 図5に示した従来の単セルの周端部の構成を模式的に示す積層方向の部分断面図Partial sectional view in the stacking direction schematically showing the configuration of the peripheral end of the conventional single cell shown in FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 膜電極接合体
２ 拡散層
３ セパレーター
４，４Ａ 絶縁性樹脂 1 Membrane electrode assembly
2 Diffusion layer
3 Separator
4,4A insulating resin

Claims (4)

両面に拡散層を配した膜電極接合体と反応ガス流路を備えたセパレーターとからなる単セルを積層して構成される積層形燃料電池において、
前記膜電極接合体を挟んで相対する前記セパレーターが周端部に面取り部を備えたことを特徴とする積層形燃料電池。 In a stacked fuel cell configured by laminating a single cell composed of a membrane electrode assembly in which diffusion layers are arranged on both sides and a separator having a reaction gas flow path,
The stacked fuel cell, wherein the separator facing the membrane electrode assembly is provided with a chamfered portion at a peripheral end. 両面に拡散層を配した膜電極接合体と反応ガス流路を備えたセパレーターとからなる単セルを積層して構成される積層形燃料電池において、
前記膜電極接合体を挟んで相対する前記セパレーターが周端部に面取り部を備え、かつ、該面取り部に電気絶縁性部材が充填されていることを特徴とする積層形燃料電池。 In a stacked fuel cell configured by laminating a single cell composed of a membrane electrode assembly in which diffusion layers are arranged on both sides and a separator having a reaction gas flow path,
The laminated fuel cell, wherein the separator facing the membrane electrode assembly is provided with a chamfered portion at a peripheral end portion, and the chamfered portion is filled with an electrically insulating member. 前記膜電極接合体を前記セパレーターの周端部より周端方向に小さく構成し、相対する前記セパレーターの面取り部が連続するように電気絶縁性部材が充填されていることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の積層形燃料電池。 3. The membrane electrode assembly is configured to be smaller in the circumferential direction than the circumferential end portion of the separator, and an electrically insulating member is filled so that the chamfered portions of the opposing separator are continuous. The stacked fuel cell according to 1. 両面に拡散層を配した膜電極接合体と反応ガス流路を備えたセパレーターとからなる単セルを積層して構成される積層形燃料電池において、
前記膜電極接合体の周端部が、該膜電極接合体を挟んで相対する前記セパレーターの周端部より周端方向に突出するよう形成されていることを特徴とする積層形燃料電池。 In a stacked fuel cell configured by laminating a single cell composed of a membrane electrode assembly in which diffusion layers are arranged on both sides and a separator having a reaction gas flow path,
A laminated fuel cell, wherein a peripheral end portion of the membrane electrode assembly is formed so as to protrude in a peripheral end direction from a peripheral end portion of the separator opposed to the membrane electrode assembly.
JP2004352147A 2004-12-06 2004-12-06 Stacked fuel cell Expired - Fee Related JP5011640B2 (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002170589A (en) * 2000-12-01 2002-06-14 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Fuel battery and manufacturing method
JP2002367631A (en) * 2001-06-08 2002-12-20 Toyota Motor Corp Sealing structure of fuel cell
JP2003068348A (en) * 2001-08-29 2003-03-07 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel cell consisting of sub-cells

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002170589A (en) * 2000-12-01 2002-06-14 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Fuel battery and manufacturing method
JP2002367631A (en) * 2001-06-08 2002-12-20 Toyota Motor Corp Sealing structure of fuel cell
JP2003068348A (en) * 2001-08-29 2003-03-07 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel cell consisting of sub-cells

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