JP2006162107A - Laminated plate absorber, absorption refrigerator and absorption heat pump - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an efficient, smaller and lightweight absorber for promoting mixing of an absorbing liquid and refrigerant vapor; and to provide an absorption refrigerator and an absorption heat pump having this absorber. <P>SOLUTION: This laminated plate absorber 9 forms a first flow passage 6 on the first surface 2 side where the absorbing liquid AL flows while absorbing vapor CS of a refrigerant; and forms a second flow passage 7 on the second surface 3 side on the opposite side of a first surface where a medium B for exchanging heat with fluid AL+C flowing in the first passage flows; and has a heat transfer plate 1 for transmitting heat between the fluids of both surfaces, a refrigerant vapor inflow port 4 for making the vapor of the refrigerant flow in the first flow passage, and an absorbing liquid inflow port 5 for making the absorbing liquid flow in the first flow passage separately from the refrigerant vapor inflow port. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a laminated plate absorber, an absorption refrigerator, and an absorption heat pump, and more particularly, to a small and lightweight laminated plate absorber, and an absorption refrigerator and an absorption heat pump including the laminated plate absorber.

  The absorption refrigerator or the absorption heat pump is provided with an absorber that absorbs refrigerant vapor with an absorption liquid and exchanges heat generated by the refrigerant with a heat medium. In the absorption refrigerator, the absorption liquid that has absorbed the refrigerant vapor is cooled by exchanging the absorption heat with the cooling medium, thereby increasing the absorption capacity of the absorption liquid and creating a low pressure. In the absorption heat pump, the medium to be heated is heated by exchanging the absorbed heat with the medium to be heated.

Conventionally, a shell and tube type heat exchanger has been used as an absorber. However, in recent years, there has been an increasing demand for miniaturization and weight reduction, and plate-type absorbers that exchange heat by alternately flowing refrigerant, an absorbing liquid, and a heat medium between stacked heat transfer plates have also been proposed (Patent Literature). 1).
JP 2000-258084 A (FIGS. 1 and 5)

  However, in the plate type absorber described above, a flow path of the heat medium is formed between the plates, the absorbing liquid flows down in a liquid film form on the plate surface, absorbs the surrounding refrigerant vapor, and absorbs the absorbed heat through the plate. It was configured to transmit to the heat medium. For this reason, the absorption liquid and the refrigerant vapor are in contact only with the surface of the liquid film of the absorption liquid flowing down the plate surface, and the space filled with the refrigerant vapor is useless that does not contribute to the absorption of the refrigerant by the absorption liquid. It became a space, and it could not be said that the absorber was sufficiently reduced in size and weight.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an efficient, more compact and lightweight absorber that promotes the mixing of the absorbing liquid and the refrigerant vapor. Moreover, it aims at providing the absorption refrigerator and absorption heat pump provided with this absorber.

  In order to achieve the above object, the laminated plate absorber 9 used in the absorption refrigerator or the absorption heat pump according to the invention of claim 1 is configured such that, for example, as shown in FIG. However, the first flow path 6 flowing while the first surface 2 side has the second flow path 7 through which the medium B that exchanges heat with the fluid AL + C flowing through the first flow path 6 flows with the first surface 2. A heat transfer plate 1 that is formed on the opposite second surface 3 side and transfers heat between fluids of both surfaces 2 and 3; a refrigerant vapor inlet 4 that flows the refrigerant vapor CS into the first flow path 6; In addition to the refrigerant vapor inlet 4, the first flow path 6 is provided with an absorbent inlet 5 through which the absorbent AL flows.

  With this configuration, in the first channel, the refrigerant vapor flowing in from the refrigerant vapor inlet is absorbed by the absorbing liquid flowing in from the absorbing liquid inlet, so that a useless space is formed in the first channel. The absorption heat efficiently absorbs the refrigerant vapor, and the absorption heat generated by the absorption liquid absorbing the refrigerant vapor is transmitted to the medium through the heat transfer plate which is the wall surface of the first flow path. Therefore, heat transfer is performed efficiently. Therefore, a small and lightweight laminated plate absorber is provided.

  Further, in the laminated plate absorber according to claim 2, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, in the laminated plate absorber according to claim 1, the absorbing liquid inlet 5 sprays the absorbing liquid AL. It may be configured. Note that “spraying the absorption liquid” means flowing the absorption liquid as a fine liquid from the absorption liquid inlet 5, and may be a plurality of fine flows such as a shower or a droplet. Or the case of mist.

  If comprised in this way, in the 1st flow path, since an absorption liquid is spread | dispersed and flows through the inside of a flow path as a fine liquid, the surface area which contacts the vapor | steam of a refrigerant | coolant will spread and absorption will be performed efficiently. Therefore, a small and lightweight laminated plate absorber is provided.

  Further, in the laminated plate absorber according to claim 3, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, in the laminated plate absorber according to claim 1 or 2, an absorbing liquid is provided in the first flow path 6. You may provide the member 51 which increases the surface area of AL.

  If comprised in this way, the surface area of the absorption liquid which contacts the vapor | steam of a refrigerant | coolant will spread by the member which increases the surface area of absorption liquid AL, and absorption will be performed efficiently. Therefore, a small and lightweight laminated plate absorber is provided.

  Further, in the laminated plate absorber according to claim 4, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, in the laminated plate absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, a plurality of heat transfer plates 1 are provided. The first flow path 6 and the second flow path 7 may be alternately arranged.

  If comprised in this way, a 1st flow path and a 2nd flow path will be arrange | positioned alternately, and the absorption liquid which absorbed the vapor | steam of the refrigerant | coolant which flows through a 1st flow path, and the medium which flows through a 2nd flow path Since heat exchange is performed between the two, the absorption liquid efficiently absorbs the refrigerant vapor and heat exchange is performed efficiently. Therefore, a small and lightweight laminated plate absorber is provided.

  Moreover, the absorption refrigerator of Claim 5 absorbed the laminated | stacking plate absorber 10 of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4, and the refrigerant | coolant vapor | steam CS, as shown, for example in FIG. A regenerator 90 that evaporates and separates the refrigerant CS by heating the absorption liquid AL; a condenser 95 that liquefies the evaporative refrigerant CS2, and an evaporator that evaporates the liquefied refrigerant CL and cools the medium D to be cooled. 80.

  If comprised in this way, since an absorption refrigerator is equipped with a small and lightweight laminated plate absorber, the absorption refrigerator reduced in size and weight can be provided.

  Moreover, the absorption heat pump according to claim 6 includes, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the laminated plate absorber 10 according to any one of claims 1 to 4; and absorption that absorbs the refrigerant vapor CS. A regenerator 90 that evaporates and separates the refrigerant CS by heating the liquid AL; a condenser 95 that liquefies the evaporative refrigerant CS2, and an evaporator that evaporates the liquefied refrigerant CL and cools the medium D to be cooled. The medium B is a medium to be heated.

  If comprised in this way, since an absorption heat pump is provided with a small and lightweight laminated plate absorber, the absorption heat pump reduced in size and weight can be provided.

  In the laminated plate absorber, the first flow path in which the absorbing liquid flows while absorbing the vapor of the refrigerant is on the first surface side, and the second flow path in which the medium that exchanges heat with the fluid flowing in the first flow path flows. Is formed on the second surface side opposite to the first surface, a heat transfer plate for transferring heat between the fluids on both surfaces, a refrigerant vapor inlet for flowing refrigerant vapor into the first flow path, In addition to the refrigerant vapor inlet, the first flow path is provided with an absorption liquid inlet through which the absorption liquid flows. Therefore, in the first flow path, the refrigerant vapor flowing from the refrigerant vapor inlet is absorbed into the absorption liquid inlet. Absorption heat generated by absorption of the refrigerant vapor by the absorption liquid efficiently absorbing the refrigerant vapor without forming a useless space in the first flow path. Is transmitted to the medium through the heat transfer plate which is the wall surface of the first flow path, and heat transfer is performed efficiently. Therefore, a small and lightweight laminated plate absorber is provided.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding devices are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

 First, the configuration and operation of the absorption heat pump 100 will be described with reference to the block diagram shown in FIG. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the absorption heat pump 100. The absorption heat pump 100 heats the refrigerant liquid CL by heat exchange with the medium D to be cooled, evaporates it into the refrigerant vapor CS, absorbs the refrigerant vapor CS with the absorption liquid AL, and absorbs the generated absorbed heat. The absorber 10 that transmits to the heating medium B, the regenerator 90 that heats the absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant with the heating medium E, evaporates and separates the refrigerant as the refrigerant vapor CS2, and the refrigerant vapor CS2 that has been evaporated and separated into the cooling medium F And a condenser 95 that is cooled and liquefied to form a refrigerant liquid CL. The absorber 10 is a laminated plate absorber 10 in which plates are laminated as will be described in detail later.

  Further, the absorption heat pump 100 pressurizes the absorption liquid AL from which the refrigerant vapor CS2 has been evaporated and separated by the regenerator 90 and sends it to the laminated plate absorber 10, and the refrigerant liquid CL liquefied by the condenser 95. And a refrigerant liquid pump 81 that pressurizes and sends the refrigerant to the evaporator 80. In addition, the absorption heat pump 100 is connected to these devices, and includes a pipe through which the absorption liquid AL, the absorption liquid AL + C that absorbs the refrigerant, the refrigerant liquid CL, or the refrigerant vapor CS is sent.

  Also, the absorption heat pump 100 absorbs the heat of the absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant from the laminated plate absorber 10 to the regenerator 90 and the absorbing liquid AL that reaches the laminated plate absorber 10 from the regenerator 90. An exchanger 85 is provided. The absorbing liquid heat exchanger 85 transfers heat from the absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant by the laminated plate absorber 10 to the absorbing liquid AL that absorbs the refrigerant vapor CS by the laminated plate absorber 10. The efficiency of the absorption heat pump 100 can be increased by increasing the temperature of the absorption liquid AL introduced into the. Further, the absorption heat pump 100 heats the heated medium that exchanges heat between the absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant from the absorbing liquid heat exchanger 85 to the regenerator 90 and the heated medium B that is guided to the laminated plate absorber 10. An exchanger 86 is provided. Since the temperature of the absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant flowing out from the absorbing liquid heat exchanger 85 is generally higher than the temperature of the regenerator 90, the heated medium heat exchanger 86 has the absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant. Heat for heating the heated medium B to a temperature higher than that of the regenerator 90 by using the heat to increase the temperature of the heated medium B introduced into the laminated plate absorber 10 to increase the efficiency of the absorption heat pump 100 It is an exchanger. Note that the absorption liquid heat exchanger 85 or the heated medium heat exchanger 86 may not be provided.

  The evaporator 80 has a refrigerant liquid inlet 82 for spraying the refrigerant liquid CL and a cooled medium flow path 84 through which the cooled medium D flows. The refrigerant liquid CL sprayed from the refrigerant liquid inlet 82 flows on the surface of the medium to be cooled 84, whereby heat exchange is performed between the medium to be cooled D and the refrigerant liquid CL, and the refrigerant liquid CL is cooled. Heated by medium D and evaporated. Typically, the medium to be cooled D is hot water, and the medium to be cooled channel 84 is a plurality of tubes arranged in parallel. The evaporator 80 has an outlet through which the refrigerant vapor CS flows, and the outlet is connected to the laminated plate absorber 10 via a pipe or directly. The evaporator 80 does not spray the refrigerant liquid CL to the cooled medium flow path 84 but arranges the cooled medium flow path 84 in the stored refrigerant liquid CL to exchange heat, thereby It is good also as a structure which evaporates. Moreover, if it is the structure which evaporates refrigerant | coolant CL, it will not be restricted to these structures.

  The regenerator 90 has an absorbing liquid inlet 91 for spraying the absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant, and a heating medium flow path 93 through which the heating medium E flows. When the absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant sprayed from the absorbing liquid inlet 91 flows on the surface of the heating medium flow path 93, heat is exchanged between the absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant and the heating medium E, The absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant is heated by the heating medium E, and the refrigerant in the liquid evaporates as refrigerant vapor CS2. Typically, the heating medium E is hot water, and the heating medium flow path 93 is a plurality of tubes arranged in parallel. The heating medium E may be the same hot water as the medium D to be cooled introduced into the evaporator 80, and the hot water used as the heating medium E is sent from the regenerator 90 to the evaporator 80 and used as the medium D to be cooled. It may be broken. The regenerator 90 communicates with the condenser 95, and the refrigerant vapor CS2 flows to the condenser 95. Further, the regenerator 90 stores the remaining absorption liquid AL evaporated from the refrigerant vapor CS2 at the bottom, and has an outlet through which the absorption liquid AL flows out at the bottom. The regenerator 90 does not spray the absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant to the heating medium flow path 93, but arranges the heating medium flow path 93 in the absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the stored refrigerant to perform heat exchange. Alternatively, the refrigerant vapor CS2 may be evaporated. Moreover, if it is the structure which evaporates refrigerant | coolant vapor | steam CS2 from absorption liquid AL + C which absorbed the refrigerant | coolant, it will not be restricted to these structures.

  The condenser 95 communicates with the regenerator 90 as described above, and the refrigerant vapor CS2 evaporated in the regenerator 90 is introduced. The condenser 95 has a cooling medium flow path 99 through which the cooling medium F flows. The refrigerant vapor CS2 introduced from the regenerator exchanges heat with the cooling medium F on the surface of the cooling medium flow path 99, is cooled and liquefied, and is collected as a refrigerant liquid CL at the bottom of the condenser 95. The bottom of the condenser 95 has an outlet from which the refrigerant liquid CL flows out.

  A flow path 98 through which the heated medium B pumped by the heated medium pump 96 from the outside of the absorption heat pump 100 flows is formed in the condenser 95. The channel 98 heats the heated medium B with the refrigerant vapor CS2 and cools the refrigerant vapor CS2. The refrigerant vapor CS2 may be cooled and liquefied, or may be liquefied by the cooling medium F when cooled and cooled without being liquefied. The heated medium B preheated in the flow path 98 is further preheated with the absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant in the heated medium heat exchanger 86 as described above, and is guided to the laminated plate absorber 10. By heating the heated medium B in the flow path 98, the temperature of the heated medium B can be raised and the efficiency of the temperature rise of the heated medium B can be increased. The heated medium B pumped by the heated medium pump 96 may be directly introduced into the heated medium heat exchanger 86 or, if the heated medium heat exchanger 86 is not provided, a direct laminated plate absorber. 10 may be introduced.

  In the laminated plate absorber 10, the refrigerant vapor CS evaporated by the evaporator 80 and the remaining absorption liquid AL obtained by evaporating and separating the refrigerant by the regenerator 90 are introduced, and the refrigerant vapor CS is absorbed by the absorption liquid AL. The absorbing liquid AL generates heat of absorption by absorbing the refrigerant vapor CS and rises in temperature. Thus, heat is exchanged between the heated medium B and the absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant to heat the heated medium B. The structure of the laminated plate absorber 10 will be described in detail later.

  Next, the basic configuration of the basic laminated plate absorber 9 will be described with reference to the conceptual diagram of FIG. The laminated plate absorber 9 has a first flow path 6 on the first surface 2 side of the heat transfer plate 1 and a second surface 3 on the second surface 3 side opposite to the first surface 2. A flow path 7 is formed. The heat transfer plate 1 is generally formed of a metal plate such as stainless steel, but may be formed of a material other than metal. The heat transfer plate 1 is preferably press-worked with irregularities such as a so-called herringbone pattern in order to promote heat transfer, but may be a flat plate. In addition, the unevenness | corrugation is attached to the heat-transfer plate 1, and the intensity | strength of a heat-transfer plate also improves. Further, the heat transfer plates 1 may be stacked so that the unevenness is alternated, the peaks are brought into point contact, and the heat transfer plates 1 may be joined to each other by brazing or the like at the point contact point. With this configuration, the surface area of the heat transfer plate 1 is increased, the fluid flow in the flow path 6 or the flow path 7 is complicated, and heat transfer is promoted.

  In the first flow path 6, the refrigerant inlet 4 into which the refrigerant vapor CS flows and the absorption liquid inlet 5 into which the absorption liquid AL flows are provided on the same side (upstream side) of the flow path 6. . On the opposite side (downstream side) of the flow path 6 where the refrigerant inlet 4 and the absorbing liquid inlet 5 are provided, an outlet (not shown) through which the absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant flows out is provided. The second flow path 7 has an inlet (not shown) through which the heated medium B flows in and an outlet (not shown) through which the medium to be heated flows out, on different sides of the flow path, that is, the inlet is upstream and the outlet is downstream. Provided on the side. If the absorbing liquid inlet 5 has a large number of fine holes and the absorbing liquid is sprayed into the flow path 6, the absorbing liquid AL increases the area in contact with the refrigerant vapor CS, which is preferable.

  Heat exchange is achieved by providing the upstream side and downstream side of the flow path 6 and the flow path 7 on different sides of the laminated plate absorber 9 so that the flow direction of the flow path 6 and the flow direction of the flow path 7 are reversed. It is suitable for increasing the efficiency. However, the flow direction of the flow path 6 and the flow direction of the flow path 7 may be the same direction, and the outlet temperatures may be the same. If the flow path 6 is made to flow from vertically upward to downward, it is preferable that the absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant gathers at the bottom of the flow path 6 and easily flows out from the outlet.

  The heated medium B is typically warm water and is heated by the laminated plate absorber 9. When the medium B to be heated is a liquid such as warm water, if the inlet of the flow path 7 is provided vertically downward and flows upward in the flow path 7, the flow path 7 fills the flow. Therefore, it is suitable for heat exchange. Further, the medium to be heated B may be configured to be heated water and not only to rise in temperature by being heated but also to be evaporated into steam.

  The refrigerant vapor CS that has flowed into the flow path 6 flows toward the downstream side while drifting in the flow path 6. On the other hand, the absorbing liquid AL also flows in the flow path 6 toward the downstream side. The absorption liquid AL often flows mainly through the heat transfer plate 1. Here, when the absorption liquid inlet 5 has many fine holes and the absorption liquid AL is dispersed in the flow path 6, the absorption liquid AL is, for example, mist-like or fine droplets in the flow path 6. It flows relatively slowly as a fine flow. The absorption liquid AL entrains and mixes the refrigerant vapor while flowing in the flow path 6 to absorb the refrigerant vapor CS. That is, the refrigerant vapor CS and the absorption liquid AL are mainly on the upstream side, but the absorption liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant increases and the refrigerant vapor CS and the absorption liquid AL decrease as it becomes downstream. By absorbing the refrigerant vapor CS, absorption heat is generated, and the temperature of the absorption liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant rises. Here, when the absorbing liquid AL slowly flows as a fine flow in the flow path 6, the surface area in contact with the refrigerant vapor CS increases, and the contact time becomes longer, which is preferable.

  Absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant flows downstream, but often comes into contact with heat transfer plate 1 and flows through heat transfer plate 1. Therefore, heat exchange with the heated medium B is performed via the heat transfer plate 1 to heat the heated medium B.

  Therefore, it is preferable that the flow path 6 is made narrow because the absorption liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant is in contact with the heat transfer plate 1 and flows more. Here, “narrow” means that the distance between the heat transfer plate 1 and the surface (not shown) facing the heat transfer plate 1 is narrowed. In the depth direction in FIG. It is suitable because it becomes wider. Further, by making the flow path 6 narrow, the laminated plate absorber 9 can be reduced in size, and as a result, can also be reduced in weight.

  In order for the absorbing liquid AL to sufficiently absorb the refrigerant vapor CS while the flow path 6 is narrowed, in the laminated plate absorber 9, the refrigerant vapor inlet 4 into which the refrigerant vapor CS flows and the absorbing liquid into which the absorbing liquid AL flows. The inflow port 5 is provided separately and flows in parallel in the flow path 6. With this configuration, sufficient absorption of the refrigerant vapor CS by the absorbing liquid AL is performed in the narrow flow path 6. Furthermore, as described above, it is preferable that the absorption liquid AL is in a fine flow such as a mist or fine droplets because absorption is easily performed.

  As shown in the configuration diagram of FIG. 3, it is preferable that the above-described laminated plate absorber 9 is further laminated. FIG. 3A shows a schematic configuration diagram of a laminated plate absorber 10 that includes a plurality of heat transfer plates 1 and in which the first flow paths 6 and the second flow paths 7 are alternately arranged. For example, in FIG. 3A, when one plate 1 and the flow paths 6 and 7 on both sides thereof are taken out, it corresponds to the laminated plate absorber 9. Hereinafter, the heat transfer plates are collectively referred to as the heat transfer plate 1, and when it is desired to indicate a heat transfer plate adjacent to one representative heat transfer plate 1, the heat transfer plate 1 ′, the heat transfer plate 1 ''.

  When the heat transfer plate 1 is laminated, the heat transfer plate 1 ′ facing the heat transfer plate 1 across the flow path 6 has the flow path 6 side as the first surface 2 (see FIG. 2), and the opposite side. Is the second surface 3 (see FIG. 2), and the flow path 7 is formed on the second surface 3 side. In other words, the first surface 2 and the second surface 3 are at opposite positions in the heat transfer plate 1 ′ facing the heat transfer plate 1. Similarly, in the heat transfer plate 1 ″ facing the heat transfer plate 1 across the flow path 7, the first surface 2 and the second surface 3 are opposite to the heat transfer plate 1.

  With this configuration, in the laminated plate absorber 9 shown in FIG. 2, only one heat transfer plate 1 contributes to heat exchange. In the laminated plate absorber 10 shown in FIG. In addition, heat exchange is performed on both sides of the flow path 7. That is, the number of heat exchange surfaces in one channel 6 and 7 is doubled, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

  In FIG. 2, the refrigerant vapor inlet 4 and the absorbing liquid inlet 5 are shown to be provided in a direction parallel to the heat transfer plate 1, but in the laminated plate absorber 10 shown in FIG. It is preferable to provide a flow path for the refrigerant vapor CS, the absorption liquid AL, the absorption liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant, and the medium B to be heated in the direction of penetration. Note that the refrigerant vapor CS, the absorption liquid AL, the absorption liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant, and the medium to be heated B are collectively referred to as a fluid. By configuring in this way, the refrigerant vapor inlet 4, the absorbent inlet 5, and the like can be directly formed in the header through which each fluid flows, and the structure is simplified. However, the refrigerant vapor inlet 4 and the absorbing liquid inlet 5 are connected by piping from the header through which each fluid flows, and the refrigerant vapor inlet 4 and the absorbing liquid inlet 5 are provided in a direction parallel to the heat transfer plate 1. Also good. If comprised in this way, heat transfer can be performed in the whole surface of the heat-transfer plate 1, and the efficiency as the heat-transfer plate 1 will become good.

  As shown in the schematic configuration diagram of FIG. 3A, an absorption liquid circulation hole 11 and a refrigerant vapor circulation hole 12 are formed in the vicinity of the apex on one rectangular heat transfer plate 1, Absorbing liquid circulation holes 13 that absorb the refrigerant are formed at the corners. And the to-be-cooled medium introduction | transduction hole 14 is formed in one vertex different from these vertices, and the to-be-cooled medium extraction | circulation hole 15 is formed in the diagonal position. A pipe (not shown) is inserted into each of the holes 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 through each heat transfer plate 1, and a fluid flows in the pipe. Alternatively, a short tube (not shown) connecting the holes 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 between the adjacent heat transfer plates 1 is inserted between the heat transfer plates 1. You may comprise so that a fluid may circulate through the formed hole. A pipe between the heat transfer plates 1, that is, a pipe located in the flow path 6 or the flow path 7, or a short pipe, an inlet into which the fluid flows into the flow paths 6, 7, or an outlet through which the fluid flows out of the flow paths 6, 7 Is provided. In addition, it is good to provide an inflow port and an outflow port so that each fluid may flow in the longitudinal direction of the rectangular heat transfer plate 1.

  By configuring in this way, as shown in FIG. 3B, the fluid flows in a diagonal direction in the rectangular flow paths 6 and 7, and thus flows through a long path. Moreover, since it flows in the opposite direction to the adjacent flow paths 6 and 7, heat exchange efficiency becomes high.

  Next, a structure for spraying the absorbing liquid AL will be described with reference to a partial structural diagram showing portions of the heat transfer plate 1 and the absorbing liquid inlet 5 in FIG. In the following description, FIGS. 2 and 3 are also referred to as appropriate. The structure shown in FIG. 4A1 and FIG. 4A2 is a configuration example in which a nozzle 22 having an absorbing liquid inlet 5 is fitted into a header 21 that penetrates each heat transfer plate 1. A hole (not shown) communicating with the absorption liquid inlet 5 is formed in a portion of the header 21 where the nozzle 22 is fitted, and a part of the absorption liquid AL flowing in the header 21 passes through the absorption liquid inlet 5 from the hole. Then, it flows into the flow path 6. The remaining absorption liquid AL is sent downstream and guided to the laminated downstream flow path 6. The absorption liquid inlet 5 is a plurality of small holes formed around the nozzle 22, and the holes are formed small so that the absorption liquid AL is ejected as a fine flow like, for example, a mist or fine droplet. Is done. Moreover, it is preferable to arrange the plurality of absorption liquid inlets 5 radially so that the absorption liquid AL is ejected radially. Also, by forming a plurality around the nozzle 22, the absorbing liquid AL is evenly distributed in the flow path 6, making more contact with the refrigerant vapor CS drifting in the flow path 6, and increasing the amount of refrigerant vapor CS. Can be absorbed.

  4 (b1) and 4 (b2), the nozzle 23 serving as a short tube as a flow path of the absorbing liquid AL and the nozzle forming the absorbing liquid inlet 5 is fixed to the heat transfer plate 1. Alternatively, the heat transfer plate 1 is formed by sheet metal processing and sandwiched between the heat transfer plates 1. In the adjacent flow path 7, the absorbent liquid AL does not flow out in the flow path 7 by sandwiching a short pipe (not shown) in which the absorbent liquid inlet 5 is not formed between the heat transfer plates 1, and the flow path 6. Will be leaked only in Compared to the structure shown in FIGS. 4 (a1) and 4 (a2), only the nozzle 23 is required, and the nozzle 23 is integrated with the heat transfer plate 1, so that the structure is simplified. Can be lighter. In particular, when formed by sheet metal processing, it is not necessary to separately manufacture a nozzle, and both the number of parts and the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced. On the other hand, in the structure shown in FIG. 4 (a1) and FIG. 4 (a2), the absorption liquid circulation holes 11 and the nozzles 22 of the heat transfer plate 1 need only be alternately passed through the header 21. Become.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4 (c 1) and FIG. 4 (c 2), the nozzle 24 having the absorbing liquid inlet 5 is extended between the heat transfer plates 1 to uniformly distribute the absorbing liquid AL in the flow path 6. Then, the absorbing liquid AL and the refrigerant vapor CS are further mixed uniformly, and the absorbing liquid AL absorbs more refrigerant vapor CS, which is preferable. In the nozzle 24 shown in FIG. 4C1 and FIG. 4C2, a plurality of small holes as the absorbent inlet 5 are formed in a tube whose tip narrower than the header 21 extending from the header 21 is closed. By comprising in this way, absorption liquid AL can be more widely distributed rather than spraying from one place. The number of nozzles 24 may be more than one.

  Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4 (d1) and FIG. 4 (d2), the absorbent liquid AL is connected to a short pipe 26 as a flow path of the absorbent liquid AL, and a pipe 27 closed by a thin tip extending from the short pipe 26. It is good also as a structure which pinched | interposed between each heat-transfer plate 1 the nozzle 25 which formed several small holes as the inflow port 5. FIG. When the short tube 26 is formed from the heat transfer plate 1 by sheet metal processing, it is not necessary to manufacture the short tube 26, and both the number of parts and the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced. A plurality of tubes 27 may be provided in one nozzle 25.

  Further, as shown in the partial structural diagram of FIG. 5, the absorption liquid refrigerant vapor circulation in which the absorption liquid AL and the refrigerant vapor CS circulate in the heat transfer plate 1 instead of the absorption liquid circulation hole 11 and the refrigerant vapor circulation hole 12. A hole 16 may be formed, and the absorbing liquid AL and the refrigerant vapor CS may be introduced from separate inlets in the flow path 6. In the structure shown in FIGS. 5 (a1) and 5 (a2), the headers 31 and 33 are double tubes, the refrigerant vapor CS flows outside, and the absorbing liquid AL flows inside. The outer pipe 31 is formed with a refrigerant vapor inlet 4 through which the refrigerant vapor CS flows into the flow path 6. Further, from the inner pipe 33, a nozzle 34 having the absorbing liquid inlet 5 passes through the refrigerant vapor inlet 4 and extends into the flow path 6. If comprised in this way, the hole formed in the heat-transfer plate 1 will decrease, a heat-transfer area will increase, and heat exchange efficiency will rise. Moreover, since it flows in into the flow path 6 from the near position, the refrigerant | coolant vapor | steam CS and the absorption liquid AL are easily distributed uniformly, and the refrigerant | coolant vapor | steam CS becomes easy to be absorbed by the absorption liquid AL. Therefore, the efficiency as an absorber increases.

  Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 5 (b1) and 5 (b2), a hole 36 through which the refrigerant vapor CS flows and a hole 37 through which the absorbing liquid AL flows are formed in the short pipe 35 in parallel. The refrigerant vapor inlet 4 and the absorbing liquid inlet 5 may be formed respectively. Such a nozzle 38 is sandwiched between the heat transfer plates 1. In this case, the short tube 35 may be configured to penetrate the heat transfer plate 1 and be joined to the adjacent short tube 35 in the adjacent flow path 7. If comprised in this way, it will become a nozzle which has the header for refrigerant | coolant vapor | steam CS, the header for absorption liquid AL, and each inflow port 4 and 5 by one nozzle, and can reduce a number of parts and reduce a manufacturing man-hour. be able to. Moreover, since it flows in into the flow path 6 from the near position, the refrigerant | coolant vapor | steam CS and the absorption liquid AL are easily distributed uniformly, and the refrigerant | coolant vapor | steam CS becomes easy to be absorbed by the absorption liquid AL. Therefore, the efficiency as an absorber increases.

  Further, as shown in the partial structural diagram of FIG. 6, a hole 46 through which the refrigerant vapor CS flows and a hole 47 through which the absorbent AL flows through the short pipe 45 are formed in parallel, and the refrigerant vapor inlet 4 and the nozzle 48 are formed. The absorbent liquid inlet 5 may be formed, and the refrigerant vapor CS and the absorbent AL may be mixed at the inlet. As shown in FIGS. 6 (a1) and 6 (a2), by opening the absorbent liquid inlet 5 in the refrigerant vapor inlet 4, the mixture CS + AL of the refrigerant vapor CS and the absorbent AL is mixed with the mixture flow inlet. 42 flows into the flow path 6. Although an enlarged view is shown in FIG. 6B, the diameter of the absorbing liquid inlet 5 is smaller than the diameter of the refrigerant vapor inlet 4. Therefore, the absorbing liquid inlet 5 is guided to the refrigerant vapor inlet 4 and further flows into the refrigerant vapor inlet 4 from the ejector nozzle 43 whose opening at the tip is narrowed. At this time, it is preferable that the ejector nozzle 43 is opened in the direction of the flow of the refrigerant vapor CS, and the refrigerant vapor inlet 4 is formed in a diffuser shape with a cross-sectional area expanding toward the mixed flow inlet 42. Then, the absorption liquid AL flows into the wide refrigerant vapor inlet 4 from the ejector nozzle 43 whose tip is narrowed, and flows toward the downstream side, that is, toward the mixed flow inlet 42 while entraining the refrigerant vapor CS due to the ejector effect. . In particular, when the absorbing liquid AL is supplied at a high pressure, the refrigerant vapor CS is entrained as fine bubbles. Therefore, the refrigerant vapor CS and the absorbing liquid AL flow into the flow path 6 while being mixed. Moreover, the pressure for flowing the refrigerant vapor CS into the flow path 6 is secured. In this case, the short tube 45 may be configured to penetrate the heat transfer plate 1 and be joined to the adjacent short tube (not shown) in the adjacent flow path 7. Further, among the refrigerant vapor inlets 4 that are radially provided, that is, the mixed flow inlet 42, the refrigerant vapor CS and the absorbing liquid AL are at a high pressure from the mixed flow inlet 42 that is directed diagonally to the flow path 6. Thus, it is possible to change the ejector nozzle 43 according to the direction of the mixed flow inlet 42 so that the mixture CS + AL flows in, thereby realizing finer and more uniform spraying.

  The configuration of the inlet of the absorption liquid AL to the flow path 6 is not limited to the above example, and individual elements in the configurations described so far may be combined, or other configurations may be employed. For example, you may provide the member which increases the surface area of absorption liquid AL + C which absorbed the below-mentioned refrigerant | coolant by making the absorption liquid inlet 5 into one hole.

  As shown in the partial configuration diagram of FIG. 7, the flow path 6 may include a member that increases the surface area of the absorbing liquid AL so that the absorbing liquid AL can easily absorb the refrigerant vapor CS. As shown in FIG. 7 (a), a dummy plate 51 having holes 52 is stacked on the flow path 6, the flow path 6 is divided into two layers 6 ′ and 6 ″, and the absorbent AL is formed on one layer 6 ′. The refrigerant vapor CS may flow into the other layer 6 '' and pass through the hole 52, so that the absorbing liquid AL and the refrigerant vapor CS may be mixed. At this time, it is preferable that the heat transfer plate 1 has irregularities 53 and 54 such as a herringbone pattern as shown in FIG. The irregularities 53 and 54 are preferably formed so that the directions are alternated between the adjacent heat transfer plates 1 and 1 ′. Since the flow path 6 is narrow, the irregularities 53 and 54 are formed on the heat transfer plates 1 and 1 ′, so that the heat transfer plates 1 and 1 ′ and the dummy plate 51 come into contact with each other. Note that it is preferable that the heat transfer plates 1, 1 ′ and the dummy plate 51 be in point contact by forming irregularities different from the heat transfer plates 1, 1 ′ facing the dummy plate 51. By laminating the dummy plates 15, the flow in the flow path 6 becomes more complicated, and the absorbing liquid AL and the refrigerant vapor CS are mixed more uniformly. The absorbing liquid AL also adheres to the surface of the dummy plate 51, that is, increases the surface area and absorbs the refrigerant vapor CS. The heat of the absorbing liquid AL + C, which has absorbed the refrigerant that has absorbed the refrigerant vapor CS and has absorbed heat, is transmitted from the dummy plate 51 to the heat transfer plates 1, 1 ′ through the contact points to heat the heated medium B. To do.

  Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 7B, a large number of protrusions 54 may be provided on the surface of the heat transfer plate 1. Also in this case, the protrusion 54 disturbs the flow of the absorbing liquid AL and the refrigerant vapor CS flowing through the flow path 6. The absorbing liquid AL also adheres to the surface of the protrusion 54, that is, increases the surface area and absorbs the refrigerant vapor CS. The heat of the absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant that has absorbed the refrigerant vapor CS and generated absorption heat is transmitted from the protrusion 54 to the heat transfer plate 1 and heats the medium B to be heated.

  Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 7C, a metal mesh 55 may be inserted into the flow path 6 and sandwiched between the heat transfer plates 1. Also in this case, the metal mesh 55 disturbs the flow of the absorbing liquid AL and the refrigerant vapor CS flowing through the flow path 6. The absorbing liquid AL also adheres to the surface of the metal mesh 55, that is, increases the surface area and absorbs the refrigerant vapor CS. The heat of the absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant that has absorbed the refrigerant vapor CS and generated absorption heat is transmitted from the metal mesh 55 to the heat transfer plate 1 and heats the medium B to be heated.

  As shown in the schematic configuration diagram of FIG. 8, the flow of fluid flowing in the laminated plate absorber may be changed. FIG. 8A is a schematic configuration diagram showing a configuration of a laminated plate absorber 10 ′ in which the direction of fluid flow is reversed from that of the laminated plate absorber 10 shown in FIG. 3. As in the laminated plate absorber 10 ', the absorbing liquid AL and the refrigerant vapor CS may flow from below. If comprised in this way, since absorption liquid AL and refrigerant | coolant vapor | steam CS mix while raising the flow path 6, they will mix easily and refrigerant | coolant vapor | steam CS will become easy to be absorbed by absorption liquid AL. However, an upward flow may not be formed in the flow path 6 unless the pressure of the refrigerant vapor CS is high to some extent.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 8B, a plurality of absorbing liquid circulation holes 11 may be provided. If comprised in this way, it will become easy to distribute the absorption liquid AL in the flow path 6 uniformly.

  So far, the absorption heat pump and the laminated plate absorber have been described, but the laminated plate absorbers 9 and 10 described above are also used in the absorption refrigerator.

  FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a typical absorption refrigerator 110. Since the basic configuration of the absorption refrigerator 110 is the same as that of the absorption heat pump 100, only different points will be described, and redundant description will be omitted.

  In the absorption refrigerator 110, the flow path 84 through which the medium D to be cooled pumped by the medium pump 97 to be cooled from the outside of the absorption refrigerator 110 flows to the evaporator 80. The medium D to be cooled is deprived of the evaporation heat by the refrigerant liquid CL in the evaporator 80 and cooled. The refrigerant vapor CS that has evaporated the heat of evaporation is sent to the laminated plate absorber 10 where it is absorbed by the absorbing liquid AL. The absorbing liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant and generated absorption heat is cooled by the heated medium B, sent to the regenerator 90, heated by the heating medium E, and evaporated as the refrigerant vapor CS2 to be regenerated as the absorbing liquid AL. Returned to the plate absorber 10. On the other hand, the evaporated refrigerant vapor CS <b> 2 is cooled by the cooling medium F in the condenser 95, becomes a refrigerant liquid CL, and is returned to the evaporator 80. In the absorption refrigerator 110, the pressure of the condenser 95 is higher than that of the evaporator 80. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, the condenser 95 is disposed above the evaporator 80, and the refrigerant liquid CL of the condenser 95 is placed. Can be introduced into the evaporator 80 by the pressure difference and the dead weight, so the refrigerant liquid pump 81 may not be provided. The heated medium B is typically cooling water, and may be the same cooling water as the cooling medium F introduced into the condenser 95. The cooling water that has absorbed the heat absorbed by the laminated plate absorber 10 is condensed. It may be sent to the vessel 95 and used as the cooling medium F.

  The absorption refrigerator 110 absorbs the refrigerant from the laminated plate absorber 10 to the regenerator 90 and the absorption liquid AL + C that absorbs the refrigerant from the regenerator 90 to the laminated plate absorber 10 to perform heat exchange. A heat exchanger 85 is provided. The absorption liquid heat exchanger 85 transfers heat from the absorption liquid AL heated by the heating medium in the regenerator 90 to the absorption liquid AL + C that has absorbed the refrigerant sent from the laminated plate absorber 10 to the regenerator 90. The heat heated by the vessel 90 is not transmitted to the medium B to be heated, but is used effectively in the system. However, the absorption refrigerator 110 may not include the absorption liquid heat exchanger 85.

  The absorption heat pump 100 shown in FIG. 1 and the absorption refrigerator 110 shown in FIG. 9 are typical examples, and are not limited to these single-stage cycles, and may be multistage absorption or multistage regeneration, or may have other configurations. Good. In any absorption heat pump or absorption refrigerator, since the absorber is made compact by providing the laminated plate absorber 10, the absorption heat pump or absorption refrigerator can be reduced in size and weight.

  The combination of the absorption liquid AL and the refrigerant (refrigerant vapor CS, refrigerant liquid CL) is typically lithium bromide and water, or water and ammonia, but other combinations may be used. The laminated plate absorber, absorption refrigerator, or absorption heat pump according to the above is effective for any combination of absorption liquid and refrigerant.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of an absorption heat pump. It is a conceptual diagram explaining the basic composition of a laminated plate absorber. It is a typical block diagram which shows lamination | stacking of the plate of a lamination | stacking plate absorber. It is a partial structure figure which shows the part of a heat-transfer plate and an absorption liquid inflow port. It is a partial structure figure which shows the heat-transfer plate in which the absorption liquid refrigerant | coolant vapor | steam circulation hole through which an absorption liquid and a refrigerant | coolant vapor distribute | circulate was formed. It is a partial structure figure showing a nozzle structure constituted so that refrigerant vapor and absorption liquid may mix at an inflow mouth of a nozzle. It is a partial structure figure which shows the example of the member which increases the surface area of an absorption liquid. It is a typical block diagram explaining the structure which changed the way of flow of the fluid of a laminated plate absorber. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of an absorption refrigerator.

Explanation of symbols

1, 1 ′, 1 ″ Heat transfer plate 2 First surface 3 Second surface 4 Refrigerant vapor inlet 5 Absorbing liquid inlet 6, 6 ′, 6 ″ First flow path (absorbing liquid and refrigerant vapor Flow path)
7 Second channel (channel of heated medium)
9, 10, 10 ′, 10 ″ Laminated plate absorber 11 Absorbing liquid circulation hole 12 Refrigerant vapor circulation hole 13 Absorbing liquid circulation hole 14 having absorbed the refrigerant Cooled medium introduction circulating hole 15 Cooling medium outlet circulation hole 16 Absorbing liquid Refrigerant vapor circulation holes 21, 31, 33 Headers 22, 23, 24, 25, 34, 38, 48 Absorbing liquid inflow nozzles 26, 35, 45 Short pipes 36, 46 Holes 37, 47 through which refrigerant vapor flows Absorbing liquid flows Hole 42 to be mixed Flow inlet 43 Ejector nozzle 51 Dummy plate 52 Hole 53, 54 Concavity and convexity 80 Evaporator 81 Refrigerant liquid pump 82 Refrigerant liquid inlet 84 Cooled medium flow path 85 Absorbed liquid heat exchanger 86 Heated medium heat exchanger 90 Regenerator 91 Absorption liquid inlet 93 Heating medium flow path 94 Absorption liquid pump 95 Condenser 96 Heated medium pump 97 Cooled medium pump 98 Heated medium flow path 99 Cooling medium Passage 100 absorbs heat pump 110 absorption chiller AL absorption liquid AL + C absorption liquid B heated medium refrigerant has absorbed the CS refrigerant vapor CL refrigerant liquid D the cooled medium E heating medium F cooling medium

Claims (6)

A laminated plate absorber used in an absorption refrigerator or absorption heat pump;
The first channel through which the absorbing liquid flows while absorbing the refrigerant vapor is on the first surface side,
A second channel through which a medium that exchanges heat with the fluid flowing through the first channel flows is formed on the second surface side opposite to the first surface;
A heat transfer plate that conducts heat between the fluids on both sides;
A refrigerant vapor inlet for flowing the vapor of the refrigerant into the first flow path;
In addition to the refrigerant vapor inlet, the first flow path is provided with an absorbing liquid inlet into which the absorbing liquid flows;
Laminated plate absorber. The absorption liquid inlet sprays the absorption liquid;
The laminated plate absorber according to claim 1. A member for increasing the surface area of the absorbent in the first flow path;
The laminated plate absorber according to claim 1 or 2. Comprising a plurality of said heat transfer plates;
The first flow path and the second flow path are alternately arranged;
The laminated plate absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A laminated plate absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
A regenerator for heating and absorbing the absorption liquid that has absorbed the refrigerant vapor to evaporate and separate the refrigerant;
A condenser for liquefying the evaporated and separated refrigerant; and an evaporator for evaporating the liquefied refrigerant and cooling a medium to be cooled;
Absorption refrigerator. A laminated plate absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
A regenerator for heating and absorbing the absorption liquid that has absorbed the refrigerant vapor to evaporate and separate the refrigerant;
A condenser for liquefying the evaporated and separated refrigerant;
An evaporator for evaporating the liquefied refrigerant;
An absorption heat pump using the medium as a medium to be heated.

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