JP2006161248A - Heat-blocking fiber and heat-blocking and light-collecting fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a heat-blocking and light-collecting fabric rich in a hygroscopic property, air permeability, a drape property (softness) and a design property, having good touch feeling/texture and both of the light-collecting function and the heat-blocking function and suitable for interior materials such as curtain, roman shade and a roll screen. <P>SOLUTION: The heat-blocking and light-collecting fabric is obtained by weaving or knitting a heat-blocking fiber in which 0.028-0.500 mass% hexaboride having ≤150 nm particle diameter is kneaded. In the heat-blocking and light-collecting fabric, the air permeability is ≥20 cc/sec/cm<SP>2</SP>and spectral transmittance (δ<SB>1</SB>) in 555 nm wavelength in the distribution of spectral transmittance is ≥30% and spectral transmittance (δ<SB>2</SB>) in 1080 nm wavelength is smaller than the spectral transmittance (δ<SB>1</SB>), (namely δ<SB>2</SB><δ<SB>1</SB>) and the difference (δ<SB>1</SB>-δ<SB>2</SB>) between the spectral transmittance (δ<SB>1</SB>) in 555 nm wavelength and spectral transmittance (δ<SB>2</SB>) in 1080 nm wavelength is ≥5% (namely δ<SB>1</SB>-δ<SB>2</SB>≥5). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat-shielding ray-collecting fabric that achieves both a daylighting function for transmitting visible light and collecting sunlight and a heat ray blocking function for selectively absorbing near-infrared light and cutting heat rays.

As a heat ray blocking fabric for cutting near infrared rays contained in sunlight, a light shielding net (for example, see Patent Document 1) in which a metal vapor deposition film reflecting infrared rays is laminated, perylene black pigment, copper oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide, Camouflage processed fabric or heat-retaining fabric colored with a paint containing an infrared absorber such as antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), or carbon black (for example, Patent Document 2, Patent Document) 3), a camouflage fabric (for example, see Patent Document 4) composed of an infrared absorbing fiber in which a phthalocyanine compound is kneaded as an infrared absorber is known.
A solar shading glass coated with hexaboride (RB ₆ ) blended with a heat ray blocking paint blended with antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) or tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) is known (for example, Patent Document 5). reference).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 02-108530 JP 2001-055669 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-217770 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 08-291438 JP 2000-169765 A

  In conventional heat ray-blocking fabrics, it is difficult to obtain a fabric having a daylighting function suitable for curtains, roll screens, parasols, screen doors, awnings, warmths, etc., with sunlight being cut off. Therefore, it is not possible to obtain a heat-shielding light-collecting fabric that is rich in drape (flexibility), has a good touch and feel, and has both a lighting function and a heat-ray blocking function.

  Therefore, the present invention is rich in hygroscopicity, breathability, drape (flexibility) and design, has a good touch and feel, has both a daylighting function and a heat ray blocking function, and is used for interiors such as curtains, roman shades and roll screens. An object of the present invention is to obtain a heat-shielding wire lighting fabric suitable for a material.

The heat-shielding linear fiber according to the present invention is characterized in that an infrared absorber having a particle size of 150 nm or less is kneaded in an amount of 0.028 to 0.500% by mass.
The second feature of the heat-shielding linear fiber according to the present invention is that, in addition to the first feature, the mass ratio of the core component to the sheath component is 7: 3 to 9: 1 (core component: sheath). Component) is a core-sheath composite fiber, and an infrared absorber having a particle size of 150 nm or less is kneaded into the core component in an amount of 0.028 to 0.500% by mass.
A third feature of the heat-shielding linear fiber according to the present invention is that, in addition to any of the first and second features, the infrared absorber is hexaboride.
A fourth feature of the heat-shielding linear fiber according to the present invention is that, in addition to the third feature, hexaboride is LaB ₆ .

The heat-shielding wire-lighting fabric according to the present invention has a heat-shielding linear fiber having any of the first, second, third, and fourth characteristics, and has an air permeability of 20 cc / sec / cm ² or more. In the spectral transmittance distribution, the spectral transmittance (δ ₁ ) at a wavelength of 555 nm is 30% or more, and the spectral transmittance (δ ₂ ) at a wavelength of 1080 nm is less than the spectral transmittance (δ ₁ ) at a wavelength of 555 nm (δ _{2 <δ 1),} wherein the difference in spectral transmittance at a wavelength of 555 nm ([delta] ₁₎ the spectral transmittance at a wavelength of 1080nm and ([delta] ₂₎ is more than _{5% (δ 1 -δ 2 ≧} 5) And

  Since hexaboride contains regular octahedral clusters and is hard and chemically stable, it has good dispersibility with the spinning raw material polymer. When it is kneaded with 0.028 to 0.500% by mass, the performance of the spinning raw material polymer is affected. It can be spun and drawn without causing yarn breakage, especially when spinning a core-sheath composite fiber using it as a core component, it does not block light in the visible light region and has dyeability and a heat-shielding wire. A heat-shielding linear fiber suitable for a daylighting fabric can be obtained.

The air permeability of coarse fabrics such as insect screens, medical bandages and gauze stretched on screen doors in general households is generally 500 cc / sec / cm ² or more, and the air permeability of plain fabrics such as Japanese hand towels and napkins is Generally, it is 130 to 160 cc / sec / cm ² , and the air permeability of the shirt fabric (plain fabric) is generally 25 to 35 cc / sec / cm ² .
In order that these fabrics have a daylighting property that transmits visible light and are not recognized as light-shielding properties, the fabrics having an air permeability of 20 cc / sec / cm ² or more are in the visible light region (wavelength 380). The spectral transmittance (δ ₁ ) at a wavelength of 555 nm in the spectral transmittance distribution is 30% or more, and the spectral transmittance (δ ₂ ) at a wavelength of 1080 nm is 555 nm. spectral transmittance ([delta] ₁₎ less than (δ ₂ <δ _1), the spectral transmittance at a wavelength of 555 nm ([delta] ₁₎ the spectral transmittance at a wavelength of 1080 nm ([delta] ₂₎ the difference between the 5% or more at ( δ ₁ −δ ₂ ≧ 5) and also has a heat ray blocking function, and is not different from conventional general fabrics in terms of hygroscopicity, drapeability (flexibility), touch and texture, and according to the present invention, Curtains and roll screens Heat-shielding wire-lighting fabric suitable for heat sink, warming, awning, parasol, screen door, and the like.

  The infrared absorber that brings about this heat shielding daylighting effect is not a flammable substance, its particle size is as fine as 150 nm or less, and when the amount of kneading into the fiber is as small as 0.028 to 0.500% by mass, Since it is finely dispersed in the kneaded fiber and the scattering of sunlight rays is extremely fine in the fiber, it does not hinder the transmission of light in the visible light region (wavelength 380 to 780 nm), and is in the near infrared Heat rays in the optical region (wavelength 781 nm to 1500 nm) are easily absorbed.

  The fiber to be kneaded is a core-sheath composite fiber having a core component / sheath component mass ratio of 7: 3 to 9: 1 (core component: sheath component), and an infrared absorber having a particle size of 150 nm or less is used as the core component. When kneading in an amount of 0.028 to 0.500% by mass, the fiber (fabric) is not particularly colored by the color unique to the infrared absorber, but the gloss of the sheath component constituting the fiber surface (light The color tone of the core component is camouflaged by the reflection of the fiber, and particularly when the fiber (fabric) is dyed / printed, the color tone appearance of the fiber (fabric) is not influenced by the color tone of the infrared absorbent, A heat shielding and daylighting fabric suitable for textile products for indoor devices such as curtains and roll screens, and textile products for outdoor use such as warming, awning, parasols, screen doors and the like can be obtained.

The wavelength of 555 nm is said to be the most stimulating wavelength in the visible light region. In the near infrared region, the wavelength at which human skin feels irritating is said to be 760 to 1400 nm.
Therefore, a value of 1080 nm, which is an intermediate wavelength, can be regarded as an index representing the characteristics of two wavelength regions that simultaneously give a sense of irritation to the eyes and a sensation of skin, and spectral transmission in these two wavelength regions. The difference in the rates supports the achievement of the object of the present invention to “transmit visible light and selectively cut near infrared light”.
In the present invention, “visible light region” means a wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm, and “near infrared light region” means a wavelength range of 781 nm to 1500 nm.

  In the present invention, the reason for using an infrared absorber having a particle size of 150 nm or less is that if the particle size of the infrared absorber is 150 nm or more, particularly 200 nm or more, the sun rays are not scattered finely in the fiber, Because the transmittance of light in the visible light region is lowered, the fiber concealability is increased, and it is difficult to obtain a heat shielding light-collecting fabric suitable for curtains, roll screens, parasols, screen doors, awnings, warmth, etc. It is. Therefore, it is recommended to use an infrared absorber having a particle size of 100 nm or less (50 to 90 nm) in order to obtain a fabric having excellent heat shielding properties and daylighting properties.

The infrared absorber is kneaded into the raw material polymer of the synthetic fiber. Examples of infrared absorbers include metal oxides such as antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), copper oxide, iron oxide, and manganese oxide (MnO ₂ ), and metal salts such as MgF ₂ and VoTiO _3. In addition, pigments such as perylene black and phthalocyanine are also known, but there is little variation in particle size, and it is easy to control the infrared transmittance at a specific wavelength, the price of the infrared absorber, or the raw polymer In view of dispersibility and the like, it is preferable to use hexaboride particles.
The chemical structural formula of hexaboride is RB ₆ (R is Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Sr, Ca, etc.) In particular, there are few variations in particle size in consideration of the fact that it contains regular octahedral clusters, is hard and chemically stable, and is versatile and easily available as a thermionic emission material. In this respect, it is recommended to use LaB ₆ (for example, Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. product name: KHDS-06) as the infrared absorber.

  The infrared absorbent may be contained in the fiber fabric by any method, such as kneading into a resin or post-processing, but is preferably mixed and uniformly dispersed at the raw polymer tip of the synthetic fiber to be spun. It is preferable to melt spin. In order to obtain a heat-shielding linear fiber that selectively cuts near-infrared rays, the amount of the raw polymer to be kneaded into the chip is 0.028 to 0.500% by mass, preferably 0.1 to 0.3. Mass%. When the kneading amount exceeds 0.500% by mass, it becomes difficult for the infrared absorbent to be uniformly dispersed in the fiber, and yarn breakage is likely to occur during melt spinning. On the other hand, when the kneading amount is less than 0.028% by mass, the difference between the maximum value in the visible light region and the minimum value in the near-infrared light region of the fiber or fabric is less than 5%. End up.

Examples of the raw material polymer for kneading the infrared absorber include nylon 6, nylon 66, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene and the like. Among them, polyesters are used in terms of weather resistance and strength. Is desirable.
The third component can be copolymerized or mixed with the raw material polymer within a range that does not substantially change the properties of these raw material polymers.
In addition to the infrared absorbent, a small amount of an additive that imparts antistatic properties, light resistance, heat resistance, flame resistance, and the like may be incorporated.

It is desirable to knead the infrared absorbent into the raw material polymer with a twin screw extruder. The conditions at the time of the kneading are such that the filler feed part temperature of the twin screw extruder is 250 to 270 ° C., the temperature from the middle part to the extruded part is 250 to 300 ° C., and the heating time is 0.5 to 5 minutes.
The single yarn fineness of the heat-shielding linear fiber is 1 to 10 dtex, and the filament count is 1 to 100.
There are no restrictions on the cross-sectional shape of heat-shielding linear fibers, such as those with a solid cross-section, those with several layers (bimetal) structure, and those with a core-sheath double structure, but considering dyeability and strength Then, it is desirable to make a core-sheath composite fiber structure.
The infrared absorber can be disposed in either the core component or the sheath component, but in order to improve the dyeability of the fiber, it is desirable to dispose it in the core component.
The sheath component is not particularly limited as long as it can be spun, but it is desirable to use the same polymer as the raw material polymer of the core component containing the infrared absorber, and it has a matte effect titanium oxide and UV cut effect. Zinc oxide can also be kneaded.
The mass ratio of the core component and the sheath component may be 30:70 to 95: 5, but is preferably 70:30 to 90:10. The temperature condition during melt spinning is 250 ° C. to 300 ° C., and the fiber winding speed is 500 to 3000 rpm.

By dyeing the core-sheath composite heat-shielding linear fiber having the infrared absorber disposed in the core portion with a dye, the green color of the infrared absorber can be softened, and yarns and fabrics of other colors can be obtained.
The structure of the heat shielding light-collecting fabric is not limited to woven fabric, knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric, etc., and there is no restriction on the basis weight, density, structure, etc. However, since the fiber density greatly affects the light transmission, Air permeability is 20 cc / sec / cm ² or more, preferably 50 cc / sec / cm ² or more, and warp density, weft density, course density, wale density, basis weight, weaving and knitting so that the daylighting function is not impaired. Set the texture, the apparent thickness of the yarn, etc. When the air permeability is less than 20 cc / sec / cm ² , it is difficult to say that the heat-shielding ray-collecting fabric has air permeability, and there is no visible light spectral transmittance, and it is difficult to expect the effect of the present invention. Because it becomes.
As long as the infrared absorption (heat ray blocking) function is not significantly impaired, post-processing such as weight reduction processing, UV cut processing, and photocatalytic processing can be applied to the heat shielding light-collecting fabric. It is possible to enhance the design by applying printing or transfer printing to the heat shielding light-collecting fabric.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples.
In the following examples and comparative examples, the spectral transmittance was measured using a self-recording spectrophotometer UV-3150 (60φ integrating sphere) manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, and the air permeability was JIS-L-1096 ( 1999) method 8.27.1A (Fragile method).

Polyethylene terephthalate raw material polymer chip and LaB ₆ (infrared absorber manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd., product name: KHDS-06) were changed at the ratio shown in Table 1 and kneaded to prepare a master chip (Examples 1 and 2). In an extruder-type spinning machine, the spinning fiber melt-spun at a spinning temperature of 290 ° C. and cooled and solidified is wound at 1000 m / min, and then 3.6 ° C. between the first roller at 85 ° C. and the second roller at 130 ° C. The heat-shielding linear polyester fiber multifilament yarn of 58 dtex / 6 filament was obtained by drawing twice, and woven imitation fabrics (Examples 1 and 2) having a woven structure shown in FIG. 1 were woven.

With the master chip chip prepared by the above method as a core component, a polyethylene terephthalate chip containing titanium oxide as a sheath component, and the core-sheath mass ratio of the core component and the sheath component shown in Table 1 (Examples 3 to 5), A core-sheath composite heat-shielding linear polyester fiber multifilament yarn was spun in the same manner as described above, and a woven fabric (Examples 3 to 5) and a plain fabric (Example 6) having a woven structure shown in FIG. 1 were woven. . Incidentally, LaB ₆ content of Examples 3-5 shown in Table 1 shows the content of the core component.

A simulated woven fabric (Comparative Example 1) having a woven structure shown in FIG. 1 was woven with a polyester fiber multifilament yarn spun by the same method as described above with a polyethylene terephthalate raw material polymer not kneaded with LaB ₆ (infrared absorber). . In addition, a light-shielding polyester fiber multifilament yarn obtained by kneading carbon black into a polyethylene terephthalate raw polymer not kneaded with LaB ₆ (infrared absorber) and spinning in the same manner as described above is used to simulate the woven structure shown in FIG. A woven fabric (Comparative Example 2) was woven.

The measurement results of the spectral transmittance of the dummy fabrics of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are as shown in Table 1, and the distribution of the spectral transmittance is the difference between the spectral transmittance and the wavelength in FIG. As shown by the relationship curve.
As apparent from Table 1 and FIG. 2, the patterned woven fabrics obtained in Examples 1 to 6 have a spectral transmittance of 30% or more at a wavelength of 555 nm, and the difference between the value and a value at a wavelength of 1080 nm. Is 5% or more, has visible light permeability and near-infrared absorption performance, and has an air permeability of 50 cc / sec / cm ² or more, it has sufficient characteristics as a fiber fabric. I can say that.
The imitation fabric obtained in Comparative Example 1 does not contain an infrared absorber, so there is no difference in spectral transmittance from the visible light region to the near infrared light region, and the visible light transmission and infrared absorption performance are It was not compatible.
The imitation fabric obtained in Comparative Example 2 contains carbon black having a high light absorption rate. Therefore, the transmittance is generally low from the visible light region to the near infrared light region, The infrared absorption performance was not compatible.

  As described above, the fabric made of the heat-shielding linear fiber of the present invention has the ability to absorb near-infrared light and transmit visible light. Furthermore, it has an effect of relieving the skin irritability peculiar to near-infrared light, and is suitable for curtains, blinds, parasols, screen doors, awnings, warmth, tents, clothing, etc.

It is a woven organization chart of the heat shield line lighting fabric concerning the present invention. It is a relationship curve figure of the spectral transmittance and wavelength of an imitation textile of an example and a comparative example.

Claims (5)

  A heat-shielding linear fiber in which an infrared absorbent having a particle size of 150 nm or less is kneaded in an amount of 0.028 to 0.500% by mass.   The heat-shielding linear fiber according to claim 1 is a core-sheath composite fiber having a mass ratio of the core component to the sheath component of 7: 3 to 9: 1 (core component: sheath component), and the core component has a particle size of 150 nm. The heat-shielding linear fiber according to claim 1, wherein 0.040 to 0.714% by mass of the following infrared absorbent is kneaded.   The heat-shielding linear fiber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the infrared absorber is hexaboride. Shielding the heat ray fiber according 6 boride supra Claim 3 is LaB _6. The heat-shielding linear fiber according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, and 4, having an air permeability of 20 cc / sec / cm ² or more, and a wavelength in a spectral transmittance distribution. and the spectral transmittance ([delta] ₁₎ 30% or more at 555nm, the spectral transmittance at a wavelength of 1080 nm ([delta] ₂₎ is the spectral transmittance at a wavelength 555nm ([delta] ₁₎ less than (δ ₂ <δ _1), wavelength 555nm A heat-shielding ray-collecting fabric in which the difference between the spectral transmittance (δ ₁ ) at 5 and the spectral transmittance (δ ₂ ) at a wavelength of 1080 nm is 5% or more (δ ₁ −δ ₂ ≧ 5).

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