JP2006158319A - Apparatus for keeping concentration of suspension - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To keep the concentration of a suspension uniform and constant without making a strong water flow in a horizontal direction. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus for keeping the concentration of a suspension is equipped with a water tank 2 that stores a suspension 1 for breeding aquatic lives and has an outlet 3 at the lowest part of a base 2a of a downward gradient and a water spray mechanism 4 for continuously spraying a suspension having the same concentration as that of a suspension 1 in the water tank 2 from the top of the liquid level 1a of the suspension 1 stored in the water tank 2. The base 2a of the water tank 2 leads the precipitate of the suspension 1 to the outlet 3 and makes the suspension 1 in the water tank 2 in the same amount as that of the water sprayed by the water spray mechanism 4 flow out from the outlet 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a suspension concentration maintaining device that maintains the concentration of a suspension in a water tank. More specifically, the present invention relates to a suspension concentration maintaining apparatus suitable for examining the influence of the suspension concentration on aquatic organisms.

  It is important to study the environmental effects on aquatic organisms such as fish. As environmental effects on aquatic organisms, the effects of water pollution on rivers, seas, lakes, etc. where aquatic organisms inhabit are being studied, but not only the effects of water pollution, but also the effects of water suspension due to sand, etc. Research on is also necessary. In this research, it is necessary to store the suspension in the aquarium in the research facility and rear the aquatic organisms in the suspension. At that time, it is necessary to maintain the suspension for aquatic organisms at a certain concentration. There is. Previously, research in this area has not progressed, so no research has been conducted on breeding aquatic organisms in suspension, so the suspension for aquatic organisms is maintained at a constant concentration. There was no device to do.

  Since the suspension in the water tank precipitates if left untreated, the suspension concentration cannot be kept constant as it is. For this reason, trial and error were repeated and an attempt was made to develop a suspension concentration maintaining device. In the course of development, we devised a suspension concentration maintenance device that maintains the concentration by aeration, a suspension concentration maintenance device that maintains the concentration by a stir bar, and the like.

  A suspension concentration maintaining device by aeration is shown in FIG. In this suspension concentration maintaining device, a mountain-shaped guide plate 102 whose center in the longitudinal direction is high is installed on the bottom 101a of the water tank 101, and aeration is performed at low portions at both ends. The suspension 103 in the water tank 101 is agitated by aeration to maintain its concentration. In addition, the member shown with the code | symbol 104 in FIG. 5 is a breeding cage.

  The suspension concentration maintaining device using a stirring bar rotates a stirring bar submerged in the water tank by a rotating magnet of a magnet rotating device under the water tank while magnetically adsorbing the stirring bar. The suspension in the water tank is stirred by the rotation of the stirring bar, and the concentration is maintained.

  A suspension dissolving apparatus is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-160649. This uses a dissolving acid solution to dissolve the sample in the carrier solution. A suspension manufacturing apparatus is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-319485. In this method, powder is dispersed in water by a stirring blade and a vibrator in the mixer.

JP-A-10-160649 JP-A-8-319485

  However, with the above-described suspension concentration maintaining device using aeration, it is difficult to uniformly stir the suspension in the water tank by aeration, and local starch is formed to maintain the suspension concentration uniformly. It was difficult. In addition, in the suspension concentration maintenance device using a stirrer, water flow is generated by the rotation of the stirrer, and the fish is forced to swim, so research only to investigate the effect of the suspension concentration on aquatic organisms. Could not be adopted.

  Note that none of the techniques described in JP-A-10-160649 and JP-A-8-319485 maintain a constant suspension concentration. Moreover, since the suspension dissolving apparatus disclosed in JP-A-10-160649 uses an acid solution for dissolution, it cannot be used for breeding aquatic organisms due to its nature. In addition, the suspension manufacturing apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-319485 generates a water flow due to the rotation of the stirring blades, and the vibration of the vibrator has an effect on the aquatic organisms. Cannot be adopted.

  The present invention was developed by repeated trial and error, and a suspension concentration maintaining device that can maintain a uniform and constant suspension concentration without generating a water flow that forcibly swims aquatic organisms. The purpose is to provide.

  In order to achieve this object, the suspension concentration maintaining device according to claim 1 stores a suspension for breeding aquatic organisms, and has a water tank with a bottom surface inclined downward and having an outlet at the lowest part. And a sprinkling mechanism that continues to sprinkle suspension of the same concentration as the suspension in the aquarium from above the liquid level of the suspension stored in the aquarium. It is led to the outlet, and the suspension in the water tank having the same flow rate as the watering amount by the watering mechanism is caused to flow out from the outlet.

  Therefore, aquatic organisms can be raised by the suspension in the aquarium. The suspension in the water tank settles if left untreated, but this precipitate is guided to the outlet by the inclined bottom surface together with the suspension and discharged out of the water tank. Since the suspension supplementing the discharged amount is sprinkled from above the suspension in the water tank by the watering mechanism, the water level of the liquid level in the water tank does not change. Further, the concentration of the suspension sprinkled by the watering mechanism is the same as the concentration of the suspension in the water tank, and the concentration of the suspension in the water tank is kept constant.

  Further, the suspension concentration maintaining device according to claim 2 is for spraying the suspension flowing out from the outlet by the watering mechanism. Therefore, the suspension in the water tank can be circulated and used.

  Moreover, the suspension concentration maintenance apparatus of Claim 3 provides an outflow port in the center of the bottom face of a water tank. Accordingly, the suspension and its precipitate can be recovered more uniformly in the entire water tank.

  Furthermore, the suspension concentration maintaining apparatus according to claim 4 is provided with a breeding cage in the aquarium and breeds aquatic organisms in the breeding cage. Therefore, aquatic organisms can be taken out of the aquarium by lifting the breeding cage from the aquarium. In addition, the range of action of aquatic organisms can be limited by the rearing cage.

  Thus, in the suspension concentration maintaining device according to claim 1, a suspension tank for breeding aquatic organisms is stored, a water tank having a bottom surface inclined downward and having an outlet at the lowest part, and in the water tank A sprinkling mechanism that continues to sprinkle the suspension of the same concentration as the suspension in the aquarium from above the liquid level of the accumulated suspension, and the bottom of the aquarium leads the suspension sediment to the outlet, Since the suspension in the aquarium with the same flow rate as the amount of water sprayed by the mechanism is allowed to flow out from the outlet, the concentration of the suspension in the aquarium can be made uniform throughout and the suspension in the aquarium The concentration of the liquid can be kept constant. Moreover, since the horizontal water current with which a fish etc. swim is not generated, the fish etc. which are raised are not fatigued. For this reason, when using it for the research which investigates the influence which the density | concentration of suspension has on aquatic organisms, the influence by the density | concentration of suspension can be researched correctly.

  Further, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the suspension in the apparatus can be maintained close to saturation without using a special aeration apparatus by the watering mechanism.

  Further, in the suspension concentration maintaining device according to claim 2, the suspension flowing out from the outlet is sprinkled by the watering mechanism, so that the suspension in the water tank can be circulated and used. The amount of suspension used can be reduced. Moreover, it is easy to make the watering amount by a watering mechanism and the outflow amount which flows out from an outflow port correspond.

  Further, in the suspension concentration maintaining device according to claim 3, since the outlet is provided at the center of the bottom surface of the water tank, the suspension and its precipitate are recovered to the outlet more uniformly throughout the water tank. And the occurrence of suspension stagnation in the water tank can be prevented even better.

  Furthermore, in the suspension concentration maintaining apparatus according to claim 4, since a breeding cage is provided in the aquarium, and aquatic organisms are bred in the breeding cage, the aquatic organisms can be easily taken out from the aquarium by pulling the breeding cage from the aquarium. be able to. Further, the range of action of aquatic organisms can be limited by the breeding cage, and for example, aquatic organisms can be prevented from heading to the outlet.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail based on the best mode shown in the drawings.

  1 and 2 show an example of an embodiment of the suspension concentration maintaining device of the present invention. In this embodiment, a case where the suspension is used as a breeding experiment apparatus for examining the influence of the suspension concentration on aquatic organisms will be described as an example. However, the suspension concentration maintaining device is not limited to use as a breeding experiment device, for example, as an aquarium device for breeding aquatic organisms in suspension for the purpose of appreciation, aquaculture, etc. May be used.

  The suspension concentration maintenance device stored the suspension 1 for breeding aquatic organisms, the water tank 2 having the bottom surface 2a inclined downward and the outflow port 3 at the lowest part, and the water tank 2 A watering mechanism 4 is provided for continuously spraying a suspension having the same concentration as that of the suspension 1 in the water tank 2 from above the liquid surface 1a of the suspension 1. The bottom surface 2a of the water tank 2 allows the precipitation of the suspension 1 to flow. The suspension 1 in the water tank 2 is guided to the outlet 3 and flows out from the outlet 3 at the same flow rate as the watering amount by the watering mechanism 4.

  The water tank 2 is configured by, for example, a transparent plastic plate or a glass plate, and the planar shape is rectangular, for example. The bottom surface 2a of the water tank 2 is composed of four triangular plates 5 inclined from the four sides toward the center, and an outlet 3 is provided at the center of the bottom surface 2a. The bottom surface 2 a is inclined at an angle, for example, 55 degrees, that allows the precipitation of the suspension 1 to be well guided to the outlet 3 together with the suspension 1. However, the inclination angle of the bottom surface 2a of the water tank 2 is not limited to this, and any angle may be used as long as the precipitate can be guided to the outlet 3 together with the suspension 1 without causing stagnation in the suspension 1. .

  The watering mechanism 4 includes a watering pipe 6 attached to the inner surface of the side wall of the water tank 2, a pump 7 that supplies the watering pipe 6 with a suspension having the same concentration as the suspension 1 in the water tank 2, and a discharge of the pump 7. A tube 8 connecting the outlet and the water spray pipe 6 is provided. The water spray pipe 6 is provided with a large number of small holes 6a. The water spray pipe 6 is attached at a position higher than the liquid level 1 a of the suspension 1 in the water tank 2. Therefore, the suspension can be sprinkled from above the liquid surface 1a of the suspension 1, oxygen necessary for breeding aquatic organisms can be supplied from the air, and the suspension 1 in the aquarium 2 can be supplied. It is possible to suppress the generation of water flow inside. The pump 7 is a conductive pump, for example, and can adjust the discharge water amount and can maintain the adjusted discharge water amount.

  In the present embodiment, the outlet 3 and the suction port of the pump 7 are directly connected by the pipe 9, and the suspension 1 flowing out from the outlet 3 is sprinkled by the water spray mechanism 4. That is, the suspension 1 flowing out of the water tank 2 is stirred by the pump 7 or the like and returned to the water tank 2, and the suspension 1 is circulated for use. This circulation causes the suspension 1 to circulate in the water tank 2 from the top to the bottom. However, since a horizontal water flow does not occur, fish and the like are not forced to swim. Moreover, the volume of the water tank 2 is larger than the amount of water discharged from the pump 7, and the circulation speed of the suspension 1 in the water tank 2 is extremely slow. This also does not force fish to swim. In FIG. 1, the circulation of the suspension 1 is indicated by arrows.

  The amount of water discharged from the pump 7, in other words, the amount of water flowing out from the outlet 3, is, for example, 10 liters / minute when the amount of water of the suspension 1 stored in the water tank 2 is 50 liters. However, the amount of water discharged from the pump 7 is not limited to this, and any amount of water that can maintain the concentration of the suspension 1 constant may be used, depending on the concentration of the suspension 1 and the type of suspension. Can be selected as appropriate.

  The suspension 1 to be used is determined, for example, by imitating the environment where the aquatic organisms to be inhabited live. When investigating the effects of turbidity of river sand on freshwater fish inhabiting the river, suspension 1 is determined by simulating river water and sand. For example, a suspension of clay minerals in water use. Moreover, when investigating the influence which turbidity of seawater has on saltwater fish, for example, a suspension of clay minerals in seawater is used.

  In the present embodiment, a rearing cage 10 is provided in the aquarium 2, and aquatic organisms are reared in the rearing cage 10. The rearing cage 10 is made of, for example, resin, and has eyes that are finer than the size of the aquatic organism to be reared. The rearing cage 10 is placed on the top of the inclined bottom surface 2a. However, the rearing cage 10 may be suspended from above.

  This suspension concentration maintaining device is used while watering the suspension by the watering mechanism 4. The suspension 1 in the water tank 2 precipitates if left untreated, but this precipitate is guided to the outlet 3 by the bottom surface 2 a inclined together with the suspension 1 and discharged out of the water tank 2. Since the amount of water discharged (outflow) and the amount of water sprayed from the water spray pipe 6 (the amount of water discharged from the pump 7) coincide with each other, the height of the liquid surface 1a of the suspension 1 in the water tank 2 does not change. For this reason, aquatic organisms can be bred in a certain amount of the suspension 1 as in the case where the suspension 1 is stored in a normal water tank.

  In this embodiment, since the suspension 1 that has flowed out from the outlet 3 is circulated again into the water tank 2 by the watering mechanism 4, the amount of water discharged from the outlet 3 and the amount of water scattered can be reduced without any special adjustment work. The amount of water sprayed from the water pipe 6 (the amount of water discharged from the pump 7) can be matched. Moreover, the amount of the suspension 1 used for breeding can be reduced.

  The bottom surface 2 a of the water tank 2 is inclined toward the outlet 3, and guides the suspension 1 and its precipitate to the outlet 3 without causing stagnation in all parts of the water tank 2. For this reason, the density | concentration of the suspension 1 can be maintained uniformly in all the parts. In particular, since the outflow port 3 is provided in the center of the bottom surface 2a, the occurrence of stagnation can be further prevented, and the concentration of the suspension 1 can be made uniform at a higher level. Further, the concentration of the suspension taken from the water spray pipe 6 is the same as the concentration of the suspension 1 in the water tank 2, and the concentration of the suspension 1 in the water tank 2 can be kept constant.

  In order to take out the aquatic organisms being bred from the aquarium 2, the cage 10 may be pulled up. Since the aquatic organism can be taken out by raising the breeding cage 10, the operation is easy. In particular, when a large number of living creatures such as fish are bred, the ease of taking out becomes remarkable.

  In the breeding experiment for examining the influence of the concentration of the suspension 1 on the aquatic organism, for example, the aquatic organism is bred and observed while maintaining the concentration of the suspension 1 at a predetermined value. By observing the existence or activity state of aquatic organisms, the influence of the concentration of the suspension 1 on the aquatic organisms can be examined. Suspension concentration maintenance equipment does not generate horizontal water currents that allow fish to swim, so it does not fatigue the fish being raised, and correctly investigates the effects of suspension 1 concentration. Can do.

  In addition, although the breeding experiment may be performed using one suspension concentration maintaining device, the experiment may be performed using a plurality of suspension concentration maintaining devices simultaneously. That is, a plurality of suspension concentration maintaining devices may be prepared, the concentration of the suspension 1 may be changed one by one, and the experiment may be performed while comparing changes in aquatic activity.

  The above-described embodiment is an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, in the above description, as a method of spraying the suspension 1 flowing out from the outlet 3 by the watering mechanism 4, the outlet 3 and the suction port of the pump 7 are directly connected by the pipe 9. It is not limited to the configuration. For example, the suspension 1 flowing out from the outlet 3 may be guided to a tank (not shown), stirred using a stirring device or the like in the tank, and then supplied from the pump 7 to the sprinkling pipe 6.

  In addition, it is not always necessary to spray the suspension 1 that has flowed out from the outlet 3 by the water spray mechanism 4, and a new suspension different from the suspension 1 that has flowed out from the outlet 3 can be sprayed by the water spray mechanism 4. You may make it water. In this case, the amount of water discharged from the outlet 3 and the amount of discharged water of the pump 7 can be matched by adjusting the flow path area of the outlet 3 and adjusting the output of the pump 7.

  In the above description, the outflow port 3 is provided at the center of the bottom surface 2a of the water tank 2, but the position where the outflow port 3 is provided is not limited to the center of the bottom surface 2a. Any position that does not cause stagnation is acceptable.

  In the above description, the tank 2 has a rectangular planar shape, but is not limited to this shape. For example, a planar tank having a circular shape is used. Also good.

  In the above description, the rearing cage 10 is used, but it is needless to say that the rearing cage 10 may not be used.

  Furthermore, in the above description, the water sprinkling pipe 6 is attached to the side wall of the water tank 2, but it may be attached to a place other than the side wall. For example, a support member may be provided and the water sprinkling pipe 6 may be attached thereto. When providing this support member, it becomes possible to arrange the sprinkling pipe 6 directly above the water tank 2, and the suspension can be sprinkled from directly above.

  Further, instead of the water sprinkling pipe 6 in which a large number of small holes 6a are arranged in a row, a watering device in which a large number of small holes are arranged vertically and horizontally, such as a shower head, may be used.

  An experiment was conducted to confirm that the concentration of the suspension 1 can be kept constant with the suspension concentration maintaining device of the present invention. The experiment was performed three times. The experimental conditions are as follows. That is, the size of the water tank 2 is 40 × 40 × 30 cm, the inclination angle of the bottom surface 2a of the water tank 2 is 55 degrees, the discharge water amount of the pump 7 is 10 liters / minute, the suspension 1: the clay mineral (smectite) in 50 liters of seawater. Standard product) is suspended.

  For comparison, an experiment using an aeration type suspension concentration maintaining apparatus shown in FIG. 5 was also conducted. The experimental conditions are as follows. That is, the size of the aquarium: 41 × 21 × 26 cm, the side of the aquarium: glass, the guide plate 102 at the bottom of the aquarium: made of resin, the inclination angle of the guide plate 102 at the bottom of the aquarium: 15 degrees, the aeration amount: 3 liters / Min, suspension: A suspension of clay mineral (smectite standard) in 20 liters of seawater.

  FIG. 3 shows the experimental results of the present invention, and FIG. 4 shows the results of the aeration method as a comparative experiment. 3 and 4 show the relationship between the initial concentration of clay mineral added and the suspension concentration after 96 hours. In FIG. 3, the data described on the graph is an average value (n = 3) of the suspension concentration of three experiments. The error bar indicates the range between the maximum and minimum values of three experiments. On the other hand, in FIG. 4, the data described on the graph is the suspension concentration of one experiment.

  In the suspension concentration maintaining device by aeration, the concentration of the clay mineral suspended after 96 hours at any added concentration was 10% or less of the added concentration, whereas the suspension concentration maintaining device of the present invention. Then, the concentration of the clay mineral suspended even at a high concentration of 100,000 mg / L was 80% or more of the added concentration. As a result, it was confirmed that the suspension state could be well maintained in the suspension concentration maintaining device of the present invention as compared with the suspension concentration maintaining device by aeration. In addition, in FIG. 3, when the addition concentration is 31600 mg / L or less, the addition concentration <suspension concentration, which is the salinity generated when measuring suspended substances in extremely high concentration seawater. This is due to the measurement error due to.

It is a longitudinal section showing an example of an embodiment of a suspension concentration maintenance device of the present invention. It is a cross-sectional view of the water tank along the II-II line of FIG. It is a figure which shows the experimental result using the suspension concentration maintenance apparatus of this invention, and shows the relationship between the addition density | concentration of clay mineral, and a suspension concentration. The numerical value in parentheses is the ratio of the suspension concentration to the addition concentration. It is a figure which shows the result of the comparative experiment using the suspension density maintenance apparatus by aeration, and shows the relationship between the addition density | concentration of clay mineral, and suspension density. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the suspension concentration maintenance apparatus of an aeration system.

Explanation of symbols

1 Suspension 2 Water tank 2a Bottom of water tank 3 Outlet 4 Watering mechanism 10 Breeding cage

Claims (4)

  A suspension tank for aquatic organisms is stored, a water tank having a bottom surface inclined downward and an outlet at the lowest part, and a liquid tank of the suspension stored in the water tank from above. A suspension mechanism that continues to sprinkle a suspension having the same concentration as that of the suspension, and the bottom surface of the water tank guides the suspension to the outlet, and the suspension in the tank has the same flow rate as the amount of water sprayed by the watering mechanism. A suspension concentration maintaining device, wherein a turbid liquid is allowed to flow out from the outlet.   The suspension concentration maintaining device according to claim 1, wherein the suspension flowing out from the outlet is sprinkled by the sprinkling mechanism.   The suspension concentration maintaining device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outlet is provided at the center of the bottom surface of the water tank. The suspension concentration maintaining apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a breeding cage is provided in the aquarium, and the aquatic organism is raised in the breeding cage.