JP2006156581A - Photoelectric conversion module - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a film laminate type solar cell module excellent in mechanical load strength and improved in photoelectric conversion efficiency by suppressing temperature rise. <P>SOLUTION: A solar cell module as the photoelectric conversion module comprises: a transparent substrate including a plate-shaped solar cell element 1 embedded therein; a protective layer 4 stacked on a principal surface located on the opposite side to a light receiving surface side of the transparent substrate; and a metal member 5 installed on the surface of the protective layer 4 such that it overlaps on the solar cell element 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a photoelectric conversion module formed by modularizing a photoelectric conversion device such as a solar cell.

  In recent years, photoelectric conversion devices used for solar cells and the like have been increasingly used as energy sources with a low environmental load. Furthermore, the problems required for the photoelectric conversion device include improvement in performance such as photoelectric conversion efficiency, reduction in manufacturing cost, etc., and continuous development efforts for these improvements are continued. Further, as a photoelectric conversion module, not only weather resistance but also mechanical strength is required.

The structure of the photoelectric conversion module as a conventional solar cell module is shown in FIG. On one main surface of the glass plate 2 made of tempered white plate glass, a translucent substrate 3 in which a solar cell element 1 of a silicon polycrystalline substrate type is embedded in an EVA resin as a photoelectric conversion element is provided. This is a solar cell module in which a protective layer 4 made of resin is provided on the main surface opposite to the glass plate 2 and thermally cured, and an aluminum frame is attached to the periphery. This solar cell module is required to have a mechanical load strength capable of withstanding a load of 2400 Pa so that it can withstand a wind pressure of 130 km / hour. Film-laminated solar cell modules cannot withstand such mechanical loads, so most of the solar cell modules in use are made of tempered glass, although there are problems in terms of price and weight. ing.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1990-129745 Utility Model Registration No. 3039163 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1999-37570

  However, most conventional photoelectric conversion modules have a structure in which tempered glass is disposed on the light receiving surface side, but there is a problem in that the weight is heavy and the price is high.

  In addition, the photoelectric conversion module that receives sunlight has a problem that the temperature rises and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is greatly reduced. This reduction rate has reached several tens of percent, and there has been a problem that clean energy cannot be generated with the desired efficiency.

  For example, in the solar cell module of FIG. 2, sunlight enters from the glass plate 2 side, and light energy other than 15 to 20% for power generation partially becomes heat, so the temperature of the solar cell element 1 is To rise. In the conventional structure, heat is only dissipated from the glass plate 2 or the resin protective layer 4 on the back side, and since the heat conduction of glass and resin is extremely poor compared to that of metal, a solar cell module on a sunny day The substrate temperature increases to nearly 80 ° C. In silicon solar cells, which occupy most of the market, it is said that the photoelectric conversion efficiency decreases by 0.5% every time the operating temperature of the substrate increases by 1 ° C. Since the temperature difference from the measurement temperature of 25 ° C is 55 ° C, the conversion efficiency is reduced by 27.5%. As a result, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 15% of the solar cell can be obtained only about 10.9%.

  Therefore, the present invention has been completed in view of the problems of the conventional techniques described above, and an object thereof is to obtain a low-cost and high-intensity photoelectric conversion module. In addition, by efficiently conducting and dissipating heat and preventing the temperature rise of the photoelectric conversion element, the ability of the original photoelectric conversion device can be fully exerted, and a photoelectric conversion module with high photoelectric conversion efficiency can be provided. is there.

  The photoelectric conversion module of the present invention includes a translucent substrate in which a plate-like photoelectric conversion element is embedded, a protective layer laminated on the main surface opposite to the light receiving surface side of the translucent substrate, A metal member is provided on the surface of the protective layer so as to overlap the photoelectric conversion element.

  In the photoelectric conversion module of the present invention, preferably, the photoelectric conversion element uses a large number of crystal semiconductor particles.

  In the photoelectric conversion module of the present invention, preferably, the metal member is connected to a heat radiating member.

  According to the photoelectric conversion module of the present invention, a translucent substrate in which a plate-like photoelectric conversion element is embedded, and a protective layer laminated on the main surface opposite to the light receiving surface side of the translucent substrate, By providing a metal member installed on the surface of the protective layer so as to overlap the photoelectric conversion element, for example, when configured as a film laminate type photoelectric conversion module, the strength is improved and held by the metal member. The In addition, a metal member with good thermal conductivity can suppress the temperature rise of the photoelectric conversion element, prevent a decrease in photoelectric conversion efficiency due to an increase in the operating temperature of the photoelectric conversion element, and reduce power generation capacity loss. Thus, a photoelectric conversion module with high photoelectric conversion efficiency can be provided.

  In the photoelectric conversion module of the present invention, preferably, the photoelectric conversion element uses a large number of crystal semiconductor particles, and the substrate on which the crystal semiconductor particles are placed is a metal substrate, so that the thermal conductivity. And is strong against bending stress due to external force. Therefore, the heat transferability by the metal member is good, and the reinforcement effect by the photoelectric conversion element itself works in addition to the reinforcement effect by the metal member, so that it has high strength against bending stress due to external force, and electrical characteristics And the mechanical properties are not deteriorated.

  In the photoelectric conversion module of the present invention, preferably, the metal member is connected to the heat radiating member so that the solar energy received by the photoelectric conversion element and converted into thermal energy without being completely converted to the heat is transferred to the heat radiating member. Can be efficiently dissipated to the outside.

  The photoelectric conversion module of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings.

  The structure of the solar cell module as a photoelectric conversion module of the present invention is shown in FIG. The solar cell module of FIG. 1 has the same basic configuration as that of FIG. 2, but has a metal member 5 installed on the surface of the protective layer 4 so as to overlap the solar cell element 1 that is a photoelectric conversion element. Further, a resin protective layer 6 is provided on the light receiving side instead of the conventional glass plate. Thus, the solar cell module of the present invention is a film laminate type, and the metal member 5 is attached to the back side of the solar cell element 1. Thereby, the mechanical load intensity | strength of a solar cell module is maintained, the heat which generate | occur | produces in a solar cell element can be thermally conducted outside by the metal member 5, and can be dissipated effectively.

  As the protective layer 6 on the light receiving surface side, a weather-resistant fluorine-based resin film is used, and a thermosetting resin such as EVA resin, a solar cell element array in which a plurality of solar cell elements 1 are connected, and heat such as EVA resin. A protective layer 4 made of a curable resin and a resin opposite to the light-receiving surface is overlaid, and heated while drawing in a vacuum to produce an integrated plate-like solar cell module. Simply providing an aluminum frame around the solar cell module is not sufficient to obtain a suitable mechanical load strength. Therefore, in the present invention, the long plate-like metal member 5 having a T-shaped, L-shaped or U-shaped cross-section produced by the drawing method is cut into the length of the solar cell module and connected to each other. The back surface side of each column of the solar cell element array is bonded with a silicone resin or the like so as to overlap at least part of the solar cell elements. And it is set as the structure where the edge part of the metal member 5 is engage | inserted to a surrounding frame, or is assembled | attached, and the metal member 5 is added as a reinforcement member.

  The metal member 5 is preferably a long plate having a T-shaped, L-shaped or U-shaped cross section as described above. When the metal member 5 is a simple flat plate, it is easily bent greatly by an external force and weak in strength. Moreover, since the weight will increase when the metal member 5 is a metal plate with the radiation fins on the entire back surface, it is not preferable. The material of the metal member 5 is suitably aluminum, iron, copper, or an alloy partially containing these metals.

  In the present invention, the photoelectric conversion element preferably uses a large number of crystal semiconductor particles. That is, a conventional solar cell module using a silicon plate-like solar cell element is thin and can be easily cracked even if it is slightly bent. However, if the bending and the opening thereof are repeated for a long period of time, there is a possibility of cracking and finally cracking and disconnection. On the other hand, in a ball-type solar cell in which a large number of silicon crystal semiconductor particles are arranged on an aluminum conductive substrate, the conductive substrate for installing the crystal semiconductor particles is a metal substrate. It has good thermal conductivity and is strong against bending stress due to external force. Accordingly, the heat transferability by the metal member 5 is good, and the reinforcement effect by the photoelectric conversion element itself works in addition to the reinforcement effect by the metal member 5, so that it has high strength against bending stress due to external force. And mechanical and mechanical properties are improved.

  The metal member 5 of the present invention also plays a role of effectively transferring and dissipating heat generated when sunlight is received to the outside. The metal member 5 can also be provided with fins on a part of the main surface opposite to the solar cell element 1, in which case the heat received from the solar cell element 1 is dissipated by the fins, and the frame around the solar cell module 1 There is also an effect of heat transfer. In order to dissipate heat more effectively, the metal member 5 is extended to the outside of the solar cell module, the metal member 5 is immersed in running water to be cooled, or the extended end of the metal member 5 is soiled. It is also effective to dissipate heat into the ground by burying it in the ground.

  In the present invention, a heat transfer tube (heat pipe) is connected to the frame around the solar cell module, and the heat conducted by the metal member 5 can be more effectively dissipated to the outside. Moreover, since it will become expensive if a heat pipe is spread | laid on the surface of a solar cell module, the structure which takes out heat | fever only from the frame part of a solar cell module is good. Moreover, the other end part which discharge | releases the heat of a heat pipe can be water-cooled, or an air-cooling fin can be attached to a well-ventilated place to radiate heat. In particular, a configuration in which the other end of the heat pipe that releases heat is buried in the ground and dissipated by utilizing the fact that the underground temperature does not rise throughout the year is preferable. It is also effective to connect the other end of the heat pipe that releases heat to a water pipe that extends long in the ground and dissipate heat into the ground by heat conduction of a metal water pipe. In particular, if it is applied to hot water pipes, it will lead to energy savings.

  The metal member 5 is installed on the back surface of the protective layer 4 so as to overlap the solar cell element 1. The metal member 5 is preferably installed at the center of the solar cell element 1, but it is sufficient that at least a part of the metal member 5 overlaps the photoelectric conversion element. In addition, a plurality of metal members 5 may be installed with respect to the solar cell element 1, and in that case, heat dissipation is improved. For example, if the metal member 5 is installed not only at the center of the solar cell element 1 but also at the left and right ends, the dissipated heat can be dispersed, so that heat can be transferred efficiently. Furthermore, the bending resistance of the solar cell element 1 can be improved by holding the solar cell element 1 with the three metal members 5. The metal member 5 may have substantially the same width as that of the solar cell element 1 in plan view, but the width of the metal member 5 is slightly wider than that of the solar cell element 1 in terms of the reinforcing effect and good heat dissipation. Better.

  As described above, the solar cell module of the present invention improves the energy supply capability by improving the mechanical load strength and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell element, which is a major component in terms of cost. Can do.

  Examples of the solar cell module as the photoelectric conversion module of the present invention will be described below.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the solar cell element 1 is placed between an EVA resin between a resin-coated film (protective layer 6) on the light-receiving surface side and a resin-made protective layer 4 on the main surface opposite to the light-receiving surface. A laminate type solar cell module sandwiched between (translucent substrate 3) was produced. To this, a long plate-like metal member 5 having a cross-sectional shape made of aluminum and made by a drawing method was cut into the length of the solar cell module and adhered to the surface of the protective layer 4 of the solar cell module with a silicone resin. . The metal member 5 has a width of about 50 mm and a length of about 1000 mm, is slightly smaller than the solar cell element 1 in plan view, and is attached so that the center of the metal member 5 overlaps the center of the solar cell element 1. .

  In such a film laminate type solar cell module of the present invention, there has been a problem that it is inferior to the strength conventionally obtained by the glass plate, but due to the reinforcing effect of the metal member 5 of the present invention, the strength of the entire solar cell module Has greatly improved. In addition, the plate-like solar cell element using polycrystalline silicon has a risk that the substrate of the solar cell module is cracked or cracked due to bending, but the ball type solar cell element of the present invention is 0.5 mm. Since it was formed on a conductive substrate made of aluminum having a certain thickness, it was confirmed that it was strong against bending and excellent in reliability.

  The heat generated in the solar cell element 1 is transmitted to the frame by heat conduction by the metal member 5 in addition to the heat dissipation from the surfaces of the protective layers 4 and 6, and the heat dissipation is promoted by the heat dissipation effect of the fins provided on the metal member 5. It was done. As a result, it was confirmed that the temperature of the solar cell module was lower by 18 ° C. or more than the temperature of the conventional solar cell module at a wind speed of 1 m / s. Thus, it was found that the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be maintained at 12%.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment and examples, and various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

It is sectional drawing which shows an example of embodiment about the solar cell module of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of the conventional solar cell module.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Solar cell element 3 ... Translucent substrate 4 ... Protective layer 5 ... Metal member 6 ... Protective layer

Claims (3)

A translucent substrate having a plate-like photoelectric conversion element embedded therein, a protective layer laminated on the main surface opposite to the light-receiving surface side of the translucent substrate, and the photoelectric layer on the surface of the protective layer A photoelectric conversion module comprising a metal member installed so as to overlap with the conversion element. The photoelectric conversion module according to claim 1, wherein the photoelectric conversion element uses a large number of crystal semiconductor particles. The photoelectric conversion module according to claim 1, wherein the metal member is connected to a heat dissipation member.

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