JP2006154778A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid crystal display device which especially obtains rapid response while the alignment of a liquid crystal is maintained by improving deterioration of display performance. <P>SOLUTION: The liquid crystal display device comprises: a pair of substrates where an electrode is formed in one side of each substrate; liquid crystals; and a ferroelectric, wherein the pair of substrates are disposed so that the electrodes oppose to each other, and the liquid crystal is held between the pair of substrates, and the ferroelectric includes an organic material and the ferroelectric particles are dispersed in the liquid crystal. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a display device using liquid crystal.

  Display devices using liquid crystal materials are widely used as lightweight and thin display devices. In this display device, a liquid crystal material is sandwiched between two flat plates made of a glass substrate or the like, and an electric field is applied by an electrode disposed on at least one plane on which the liquid crystal of the flat plate is disposed. Since the optical properties of the liquid crystal change in response to switching of the molecules, the change of the optical properties is used to display an image.

  A nematic liquid crystal is generally used as a liquid crystal material used for a liquid crystal element. Nematic liquid crystal refers to one of the classifications distinguished from the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules that make up the liquid crystal material, and there are other materials such as smectic liquid crystal, for example, but nematic liquid crystal is liquid and fluid in the operating temperature range. It is widely used for displays in terms of the ease of initial alignment of liquid crystal molecules, the stability of the alignment state, and the wide operating temperature range.

  One of the factors that determine the display performance of a display is a small amount of afterimage when displaying a moving image. The afterimage here refers to a state in which an image seen when displaying a moving image is blurred although it is not noticeable in a still image. The response speed of the liquid crystal required to eliminate this is considered to be a response speed of several ms or less, but when nematic liquid crystal is used, it may take up to several tens of ms depending on the driving conditions. An improvement in speed was desired.

  As a method of improving the response speed, a liquid crystal display device using a ferroelectric liquid crystal has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  However, the ferroelectric liquid crystal is liable to cause alignment defects in the liquid crystal material, and light leakage caused by light transmitted through the alignment defects causes a bright state even during black display, and thus the contrast tends to decrease.

  As another method, a method of mixing inorganic ferroelectric particles in nematic liquid crystal has been proposed (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-281580 Y. Reznikov, O .; Buchnev, O.M. Tereshchenko, V.M. Reshetnyak, A.R. Glashchenko, J. et al. West, Appl. Phys. Lett. , Vol. 82, no. 12, 1917 (2003)

  The inventor has a problem that when an inorganic ferroelectric substance is mixed with a nematic liquid crystal, the ferroelectric substance is an inorganic substance and has high hardness, so that it is difficult to process it into an appropriate state before being mixed into the liquid crystal. It has recognized.

  In addition, when the inventor mixed an inorganic ferroelectric material with nematic liquid crystal, particularly when the liquid crystal display device was used upright, there was a problem that the concentration of the ferroelectric fine particles varied depending on the location with time.

  It is an object of the present invention to improve such deterioration in display quality. In particular, the object is to obtain high-speed response while maintaining the orientation of the liquid crystal.

  The configuration of the present invention includes a pair of substrates each having an electrode formed on one side of the substrate, a liquid crystal, and a ferroelectric, and the pair of substrates are arranged so that the electrodes face each other, and the liquid crystal is the pair of substrates. The ferroelectric material is made of an organic material, and the ferroelectric particles are dispersed in the liquid crystal.

  According to another configuration of the present invention, a pair of substrates each having an electrode formed on one side of the substrate, a liquid crystal, and a ferroelectric are formed, and a protrusion is formed on one of the electrodes, and the electrodes face each other. The liquid crystal display device is characterized in that the pair of substrates are arranged, the liquid crystal is sandwiched between the pair of substrates, and the ferroelectric particles are dispersed in the liquid crystal.

  According to another configuration of the present invention, a pair of substrates each having an electrode formed on one side of the substrate, a liquid crystal, and a ferroelectric are formed, and a protrusion is formed on one of the electrodes, and the electrodes face each other. The pair of substrates are arranged, the liquid crystal is sandwiched between the pair of substrates, the ferroelectric is made of an organic substance, and the ferroelectric particles are dispersed in the liquid crystal. It is a liquid crystal display device.

  Further, another configuration of the present invention includes a pair of substrates each having an electrode formed on one side of the substrate, a liquid crystal, and a ferroelectric, and an active element is formed on one of the pair of substrates, A protrusion is formed on one of the electrodes, the pair of substrates are arranged so that the electrodes face each other, the liquid crystal is sandwiched between the pair of substrates, the ferroelectric is made of an organic substance, and the liquid crystal The liquid crystal display device is characterized in that the ferroelectric particles are dispersed.

  Further, another configuration of the present invention includes a pair of substrates each having an electrode formed on one side of the substrate, a liquid crystal, and a ferroelectric, and a plurality of electrodes and active elements are provided on either one of the pair of substrates. A protrusion is formed between the plurality of electrodes, the pair of substrates are arranged so that the electrodes face each other, the liquid crystal is sandwiched between the pair of substrates, and the ferroelectric is made of an organic substance. The liquid crystal display device is characterized in that the ferroelectric particles are dispersed in the liquid crystal.

  In the above structure, a vinylidene fluoride (VDF) / trifluoroethylene (TrFE) copolymer (P) can be used as the ferroelectric. Further, it is desirable that the size of the ferroelectric is smaller than the interval at which the liquid crystal is formed. Moreover, it is preferable that it is a microparticle with a diameter of 4 micrometers or less. The weight ratio of the ferroelectric material dispersed in the liquid crystal is desirably 40% or less with respect to the liquid crystal material.

  With the configuration of the present invention, the response speed is improved, the afterimage is reduced, and the display quality can be improved.

  Further, in the present invention, ferroelectric fine particles are mixed in the liquid crystal material, but by providing the projections, the distribution of the fine particles in the liquid crystal material is affected by the temperature and the installation environment in the liquid crystal display device. And the movement range of the fine particles is limited to the region surrounded by the protrusions, the pixel electrodes, and the counter substrate, so that the mixture ratio in the entire display region can be prevented from being biased.

(Embodiment 1)
An embodiment of a liquid crystal display device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a liquid crystal display device of the present invention, and shows one embodiment of the present invention. Reference numerals 101 and 102 denote substrates, 103 and 104 denote electrodes, 105 and 106 denote alignment films, 107 denotes a liquid crystal layer, 108 denotes an organic ferroelectric, 109 denotes a spacer, and 110 denotes a sealing material.

  The substrates 101 and 102 are materials that can transmit visible light. For example, glass, plastic, or quartz can be used. When the optical modulation of the liquid crystal material is controlled by an electric signal as in the present invention, an electrode described later and a dielectric film for insulating the electrode may be arranged in an arbitrary shape on the surface of the substrate. In order to process and form electrodes and dielectric films with desired specifications, a material that satisfies heat resistance and chemical resistance is selected. Further, the thickness of the substrate may be such that the substrate itself is not damaged by physical impact even after it is completed as a display element in the processing step. For example, in the case of a glass substrate, a material having a thickness of 2 mm or less is preferably used. In this respect, a plastic substrate can be made thinner than glass. In addition, regarding the light transmittance of 101 and 102, when the liquid crystal display device is used as a transmissive type, both substrates must have light transmissive properties, and when used as a reflective type, at least one of them has the property. It only has to have.

  As for the substrate, it is desirable to use a substrate having a refractive index anisotropy that is substantially negligible in addition to light transmittance. This is for avoiding unnecessary display characteristics such as a display having a different color tone depending on the viewing angle when optical anisotropy other than the liquid crystal material is included in the substrate.

  The electrodes 103 and 104 are made of a material having visible light transmittance such as indium tin oxide (ITO). In particular, it is desirable to have transparency in a portion using optical modulation of a liquid crystal material. Further, if any one of the electrodes has visible light transparency, the other electrode only needs to be conductive, and light transmission is not a necessary condition.

  Further, a portion that does not contribute to display or a wiring for supplying an electric signal is not necessarily a transparent electrode.

  FIG. 1 shows an element having a structure in which only one pixel electrode is provided in a region filled with liquid crystal. However, it is not necessarily limited to this, and a plurality of pixels are formed on a substrate in a region filled with liquid crystal. There is no problem even if is formed.

  For the alignment films 105 and 106, an organic material such as polyimide, an inorganic material such as DLC (diamond-like carbon), or SiO can be used. An alignment treatment for aligning the liquid crystal in a desired direction is performed on the surfaces of the alignment films 105 and 106 as necessary. For the alignment treatment, rubbing treatment can be used in which the surface of the alignment film is rubbed with fibers such as cloth. The flatness of the surface of the alignment film is appropriately adjusted depending on the liquid crystal used. Since nematic liquid crystal has a low viscosity, it may be flat, and may be uneven as shown in FIG. 2 because it follows the surface shape of the alignment film.

  The alignment films 105 and 106 may be made of the same material, but different materials may be used depending on the alignment direction. Moreover, it is not always necessary to perform the alignment process in the same direction.

  For the alignment treatment of the alignment film, a method is selected depending on the display mode of the liquid crystal. In the TN mode, the STN mode, and the IPS mode, alignment processing is performed so that the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules are horizontally aligned. On the other hand, in the VA mode, vertical alignment processing is performed so that the major axis of liquid crystal molecules is vertical.

  The alignment process may be a rubbing method in which the surface of the alignment film is rubbed in one direction with a cloth or the like, or a photo-alignment process in which an alignment process is performed by irradiating light using a photosensitive material. In this case, the photosensitive material is a photoisomerization material or a photodimerization material, and azobenzene or the like can be used. The photosensitive material can be used by mixing it with an alignment film or by chemically bonding a photosensitive site to the material constituting the alignment film.

  A nematic material can be used for the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer 107.

  Organic ferroelectric particles 108 are dispersed in the liquid crystal layer 107. As the organic ferroelectric fine particles, an organic material exhibiting ferroelectricity and a solid material can be used. As a specific example, P (VDF / TrFE) can be used. Here, VDF represents vinylidene fluoride, TrFE represents trifluoroethylene, and P (VDF / TrFE) represents a copolymer thereof.

  The size of the organic ferroelectric fine particles is preferably equal to or smaller than the distance between the substrates 101 and 102. Moreover, it is preferable that it is a microparticle with a diameter of 4 micrometers or less. The weight ratio of the organic ferroelectric fine particles dispersed in the liquid crystal is not only that the particles are aggregated when the organic ferroelectric fine particles are too much, but also the aperture ratio, that is, the area of the portion where the liquid crystal contributes to the display. Since the ratio decreases, it is not preferable that the ratio is too large. Therefore, the ratio is desirably 40% or less by weight with respect to the liquid crystal material.

  The diameters of the organic ferroelectric fine particles may be uniform, but are not necessarily limited to this, and the sizes may vary.

  Further, the shape of the organic ferroelectric fine particles may be spherical, but is not limited to this shape, and may be an elliptical sphere, or may be porous such as having a concave portion on the surface.

  The spacer 109 is used to keep the substrate interval constant and can maintain the desired size of the substrate interval. The spacer may be spherical or columnar. A structure having a trapezoidal cross section may be used.

  The sealing material 110 is formed so as to surround the liquid crystal material in order to adhere the substrate and prevent the liquid crystal material from flowing out of the sealing material. The sealing material may be an adhesive, but a thermosetting material or a photocurable material can be used. Moreover, an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, etc. can be utilized.

  A protrusion 111 may be formed over the pixel. FIG. 2 shows a liquid crystal display device that forms the protrusion 111. The protrusion 111 is a component that protrudes further from the height of the pixel electrode surface, and may be cylindrical or wall-shaped. In this specification, in order to compare the shape of the protrusions, the wording of columnar shape or wall shape is used, but all of them are included in the protrusions referred to in this specification. The wall-shaped protrusions 111 may be formed in a plurality of linear parallel walls in the display area, or may be arranged in a grid pattern so as to completely surround each pixel electrode. good. Further, the wall may not be completely closed, and there may be a gap between the walls. As shown in FIG. 2A, the protrusion 111 may be brought into contact with the counter substrate, or liquid crystal exists between the counter substrate and the protrusion 111 as shown in FIG. Also good. The protrusion 111, the pillar, and the wall may have the same period as the pixel. In addition, a part of the protrusion 111 may protrude from a partial region of the pixel electrode within a range that does not hinder display, but it must be prevented from spreading over the entire pixel electrode. As shown in FIG. 2, after the protrusion is formed on the electrode, the alignment film is formed on the protrusion. However, after the alignment film is formed on the electrode, the protrusion is formed on the alignment film. You may do. It can be said that this protrusion is a structure having a shape further protruding from the height of the surface of the alignment film.

As the protrusion 111, an inorganic substance or an organic substance can be used. The inorganic substance is SiO ₂ , SiN, SiON or the like, and the organic substance is acrylic resin, epoxy resin, resist, divinylbenzene or the like. Note that the adjacent pixel electrodes cannot be displayed unless they are insulated, and thus the protrusion 111 needs to be an insulator.

  The protrusion 111 may be formed by forming a constituent material of the protrusion 111 by CVD or sputtering and then forming it by photolithography, or using a printing method, an inkjet method, a vapor deposition method, or the like. Good.

  A liquid crystal layer 107 is disposed between the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102. In the case where the liquid crystal layer 107 is provided, it may be performed in a vacuum. Alternatively, after the liquid crystal is dropped onto the first substrate 101, the second substrate 102 may be attached. In particular, when a large substrate is used, it is preferable to drop the liquid crystal rather than injecting it. In addition, organic ferroelectric fine particles 108 are mixed in the liquid crystal layer. (Embodiment 2)

  An embodiment in which the invention described in this specification is applied to an active matrix liquid crystal display device based on the drawings will be described. FIG. 3A illustrates a liquid crystal display device in which a signal line driver circuit 230, a scan line driver circuit 238, and a pixel portion 231 are formed over the first substrate 200.

  FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of the liquid crystal display device. The signal line driver circuit 230 includes a CMOS circuit having an n-channel TFT 221 and a p-channel TFT 222 on the first substrate 200. Indicates. The n-channel TFT 221 and the p-channel TFT 222 are preferably formed so as to have a crystalline semiconductor film. The TFTs forming the signal line driver circuit 230 and the scanning line driver circuit 238 may be formed of a CMOS circuit, a PMOS circuit, or an NMOS circuit.

  The pixel portion 231 includes a switching TFT 223 and a capacitor 258. The switching TFT 223 is preferably formed so as to have a crystalline semiconductor film. The capacitor 258 is formed using a gate insulating film sandwiched between a semiconductor film to which an impurity is added and a gate electrode.

  Note that the TFT of the pixel portion 231 does not need to have high crystallinity as compared with the TFT of the signal line driver circuit 230 or the scan line driver circuit 238.

  In addition, the pixel portion 231 includes a pixel electrode 211 connected to one electrode of the switching TFT 223. A third insulating film 209 is provided so as to cover the n-channel TFT 221, the p-channel TFT 222, the pixel electrode 211, the switching TFT 223, and the like.

  In addition, a second substrate 245 to be a counter substrate is prepared. The second substrate 245 is provided with a black matrix 251 at least at a position corresponding to the signal line driver circuit 230, a color filter 252 at least at a position corresponding to the pixel portion, and a counter electrode 253. . In the present invention, the second substrate 245 is not necessarily provided with a black matrix, a color filter, or a counter electrode, and may be provided on the first substrate 200 side. Thereafter, a spacer 256 may be formed to maintain the substrate interval. Further, a protrusion 250 for preventing convection of the liquid crystal material may be formed at the same time for the purpose of preventing uneven distribution of the organic ferroelectric fine particles mixed with the liquid crystal material. The spacer 256 may be a spherical one, or a so-called columnar spacer formed by etching an insulating film. Further, the height of the protrusions 250 may be the same as the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 254 so that the protrusions 250 have the same function as the spacer 256. Whether the spacers 256 and the protrusions 250 are separate or the same may be used as appropriate. select.

  Next, an alignment film is formed over the second substrate 245, subjected to alignment treatment, and bonded to each other using the first substrate 200 and the sealant 243. The sealant 243 is preferably an epoxy resin. Alternatively, part of the third insulating film 209 may be left at a position where the sealant 243 is formed. As a result, the adhesion area is increased and the adhesion strength can be increased. Note that the spacer 256 for maintaining the distance between the substrates may be formed after performing an alignment process on the alignment film.

  A liquid crystal layer 254 is injected between the first substrate 200 and the second substrate 245. In the case of injecting the liquid crystal layer 254, it may be performed in a vacuum. Alternatively, after the liquid crystal is dropped onto the first substrate 200, the second substrate 245 may be attached. In particular, when a large substrate is used, it is preferable to drop the liquid crystal rather than injecting it. In the liquid crystal layer, organic ferroelectric fine particles 255 are mixed.

  In addition, a polarizing plate or a circular polarizing plate may be provided as appropriate on the first substrate 200 or the second substrate 245 to increase contrast.

  In addition, a flexible printed circuit board 246 is connected to the conductive film 208 provided in the first connection region 232 by an anisotropic conductive resin (ACF). Then, a video signal and a clock signal that are external input signals are received via the flexible printed circuit board 246. Although only a flexible printed board is shown here, a printed wiring board (PWB) is attached via the flexible printed board. An external signal generation circuit is mounted on the printed wiring board.

  When adhering ACF by pressurization or heating, care should be taken not to cause cracks due to the flexibility of the flexible printed circuit board and softening due to heating. For example, a substrate having high rigidity may be disposed as an auxiliary at least below the first connection region 232.

  In this embodiment mode, a driver-integrated display device in which the signal line driver circuit 230 and the scan line driver circuit 238 are provided over the first substrate 200 is described; however, the signal line driver circuit and the scan line driver circuit are formed using an IC. It may be formed and connected to a signal line, a scanning line, or the like by an SOG method or a TAB method.

  As described above, a liquid crystal display device including an active matrix substrate can be manufactured.

  In order to evaluate the optical characteristics of the liquid crystal material, an element of one pixel was produced. A glass substrate having a thickness of 0.7 mm and an outer shape of 2 cm × 2 cm was used. An indium tin oxide (ITO) film was formed on the glass substrate as a transparent electrode. The indium tin oxide (ITO) film was used for an electrode portion patterned in a 2 mm × 2 mm shape for operating the liquid crystal and an extraction electrode patterned for applying an electric field to the liquid crystal from the outside. . Polyimide was used as an alignment film for aligning the liquid crystal material. A polyimide thin film was formed on the substrate, and the film thickness was 60 nm. The surface of the polyimide film was rubbed with a cloth or the like.

  The substrate that had been subjected to the rubbing was bonded to the substrate so that the portions where the electrodes were formed were opposed to each other. The distance between the pair of substrates was 5 μm. A sealing material made of an epoxy resin was used as a method for bonding and fixing the substrates together. A cylindrical fiber containing SiO2 as a main component was mixed with the sealing material. The diameter of the fiber is 5 μm. After bonding the counter substrate, an excess portion that did not directly contribute to the display of the substrate was cut off using a glass scriber and a breaker to form an element.

  Commercially available ZLI4792 was used as the nematic liquid crystal. Fine particles of organic polymer ferroelectric P (VDF / TrFE) as a ferroelectric were mixed into this liquid crystal. A pulverizer was used to make P (VDF / TrFE) fine particles. If a pulverizer is used, the diameter of this material can be at least 4 μm or less. In this example, the diameter was adjusted to 100 nm as an average particle diameter although there was some range. The P (VDF / TrFE) fine particles were mixed with the liquid crystal material. The mixing ratio was adjusted so that the liquid crystal was 99.5% by weight and P (VDF / TrFE) was 0.5%. Liquid crystal and P (VDF / TrFE) were placed in a 5 cc sample bottle and stirred with a stirrer. The time was approximately 24 hours.

  This material was injected between the bonded substrates. The injection was performed by a vacuum injection method which is generally performed in the production of a liquid crystal element.

  When this element was driven with a pulse of 5 V, the response time of the liquid crystal by applying the pulse was 2 ms, and the response time of the liquid crystal by removing the pulse potential was 10 ms.

  Here, an example is shown in which a liquid crystal material is formed into an element by using a drop dropping method (One Drop Filling: ODF). The mixture of liquid crystal material and P (VDF / TrFE) used (hereinafter referred to as a mixture) is the same as in Example 1.

  Protrusions were further formed on the substrate on which the indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode shown in Example 1 was formed. Here, an acrylic resin was used as the protrusion. An alignment film was formed on the substrate on which the protrusions were formed, and an alignment process was performed. Here, a material obtained by adding azobenzene to polyimide was used as the alignment film. The alignment film was irradiated with ultraviolet light from which a linearly polarized light component was extracted by a polarizing filter. The wavelength is 365 nm. Next, a sealing material pattern was formed by applying a sealing material so as to surround the electrodes of the substrate. However, since the opposing substrates must be bonded in the subsequent process, the sealing material is not yet cured at this stage. In this way, a seal pattern is formed and liquid crystal is dropped. The sealing material used is a material that is about 100 times higher in viscosity than the first embodiment. This is to prevent the dropped liquid crystal from melting with the sealing material.

  The mixture was then added dropwise. The volume of the mixture was 20 μl. After dripping, the counter substrate was bonded. After the bonding, an excess portion that does not directly contribute to the display of the substrate was cut off using a glass scriber and a breaker to form an element.

  When this element was driven with a pulse of 5 V, the response speed was the same as in Example 1.

  FIG. 3A illustrates a liquid crystal display device in which a signal line driver circuit 230, a scan line driver circuit 238, and a pixel portion 231 are formed over the first substrate 200.

  FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of the liquid crystal display device. The signal line driver circuit 230 includes a CMOS circuit having an n-channel TFT 221 and a p-channel TFT 222 on the first substrate 200. Indicates. The n-channel TFT 221 and the p-channel TFT 222 were formed to have a crystalline semiconductor film as shown in the above embodiment mode. The TFTs forming the signal line driver circuit 230 and the scanning line driver circuit 238 are formed of a CMOS circuit, a PMOS circuit, or an NMOS circuit.

  The pixel portion 231 includes a switching TFT 223 and a capacitor 258. The switching TFT 223 was formed to have a crystalline semiconductor film as shown in the above embodiment mode. The capacitor 258 is formed using a gate insulating film sandwiched between a semiconductor film to which an impurity is added and a gate electrode.

  The pixel portion 231 includes a pixel electrode 211 connected to one electrode of the switching TFT 223. Then, a third insulating film 209 is provided so as to cover the n-channel TFT 221, the p-channel TFT 222, the pixel electrode 211, the switching TFT 223, and the like.

  The second substrate 245 which is a counter substrate is provided with a black matrix 251 at a position corresponding to the signal line driver circuit 230, a color filter 252 at a position corresponding to the pixel portion, and a counter electrode 253. Such a second substrate 245 was subjected to an orientation treatment and bonded to each other using the first substrate 200 and a sealant 243. An epoxy resin was used for the sealing material 243. A part of the third insulating film 209 is left at a position where the sealing material 243 is formed. Thereafter, a protrusion 250 that prevents the distribution of the organic ferroelectric fine particles mixed in the liquid crystal material from being biased was formed. Further, a spacer 256 is disposed.

  After the liquid crystal layer was dropped onto the first substrate 200, the second substrate 245 was attached.

  After that, a polarizing plate or a circularly polarizing plate was appropriately provided on the first substrate 200 and the second substrate 245.

  A flexible printed circuit board 246 is connected to the conductive film 208 provided in the first connection region 232 by anisotropic conductive resin (ACF). A video signal and a clock signal which are external input signals are received via the flexible printed circuit board 246. Although only a flexible printed circuit board is shown here, a printed wiring board (PWB) is attached via the flexible printed circuit board. An external signal generation circuit is mounted on the printed wiring board.

  When adhering ACF by pressurization or heating, care should be taken not to cause cracks due to the flexibility of the flexible printed circuit board and softening due to heating. For example, a substrate having high rigidity may be disposed as an auxiliary at least below the first connection region 232.

  In this embodiment, a driver-integrated liquid crystal display device in which a signal line driver circuit 230 and a scan line driver circuit 238 are provided over the first substrate 200 is shown; however, the signal line driver circuit and the scan line driver circuit are formed of an IC. However, it may be connected to a signal line, a scanning line, or the like by an SOG method or a TAB method.

  A liquid crystal display device having an active matrix substrate was manufactured as described above.

  As an electronic device including the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, a television device (also simply referred to as a television or a television receiver), a camera such as a digital camera or a digital video camera, or a mobile phone device (also simply a mobile phone or a mobile phone). And a portable information terminal such as a PDA, a portable game machine, a computer monitor, a computer, an audio reproduction device such as a car audio, and an image reproduction device equipped with a recording medium such as a home game machine. A specific example will be described with reference to FIG.

  A portable information terminal device illustrated in FIG. 4A includes a main body 9201, a display portion 9202, and the like. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 9202. As a result, it is possible to provide a portable information terminal device capable of high-speed response and improved moving image display performance.

  A digital video camera shown in FIG. 4B includes a display portion 9701, a display portion 9702, and the like. By using the liquid crystal display device of the present invention for the display portion 9701, a digital video camera capable of high-speed response and improved moving image display performance can be provided.

  A cellular phone shown in FIG. 4C includes a main body 9101, a display portion 9102, and the like. By using the liquid crystal display device of the present invention for the display portion 9102, a high-speed response is possible and a mobile phone with improved moving image display performance can be provided.

  A portable television device illustrated in FIG. 4D includes a main body 9301, a display portion 9302, and the like. By using the liquid crystal display device of the present invention for the display portion 9302, a portable television device that can respond at high speed and has improved moving image display performance can be provided. In addition, the present invention can be applied to a wide variety of television devices, from a small one mounted on a portable terminal such as a cellular phone to a medium-sized one that can be carried and a large one (for example, 40 inches or more). The liquid crystal display device can be applied. The portable television device may simply be called a portable television.

  A portable computer illustrated in FIG. 4E includes a main body 9401, a display portion 9402, and the like. By using the liquid crystal display device of the present invention for the display portion 9402, a portable computer that can respond at high speed and has improved moving image display performance can be provided.

  A television device illustrated in FIG. 4F includes a main body 9501, a display portion 9502, and the like. By using the liquid crystal display device of the present invention for the display portion 9502, a television device in which high-speed response is possible and moving image display performance is improved can be provided. The television device may simply be called a television.

  As described above, by using the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, it is possible to provide an electronic apparatus which can respond at high speed and has improved moving image display performance.

  The liquid crystal display device of the present invention can be used in electronic devices that require a high-speed response, such as a display that mainly displays moving images.

The cross section of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. The cross section of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. The cross section of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. FIG. 11 illustrates an electronic device using a liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

101 Substrate 102 Substrate 103 Electrode 104 Electrode 105 Alignment Film 106 Alignment Film 107 Liquid Crystal Layer 108 Organic Ferroelectric Fine Particle 109 Spacer 110 Sealing Material 111 Protrusion 200 Substrate 208 Conductive Film 209 Insulating Film 211 Pixel Electrode 221 N-Channel TFT
222 p-channel TFT
223 Switching TFT
230 Signal line driving circuit 231 Pixel portion 232 Connection area 238 Scanning line driving circuit 243 Sealing material 245 Substrate 246 Flexible printed circuit board 250 Projection 251 Black matrix 252 Color filter 253 Counter electrode 254 Liquid crystal layer 255 Organic ferroelectric fine particle 256 Spacer 258 Capacity Element 9101 Main body 9102 Display unit 9201 Main unit 9202 Display unit 9301 Main unit 9302 Display unit 9401 Main unit 9402 Display unit 9501 Main unit 9502 Display unit 9701 Display unit 9702 Display unit

Claims (8)

Including a pair of substrates each having electrodes formed on one side of the substrate, a liquid crystal, and a ferroelectric;
The pair of substrates are arranged so that the electrodes face each other,
The liquid crystal is sandwiched between the pair of substrates;
The ferroelectric includes an organic substance,
A liquid crystal display device, wherein the ferroelectric particles are dispersed in the liquid crystal. A pair of substrates each having an electrode formed on one side of the substrate, a liquid crystal, and a ferroelectric,
A protrusion is formed on one of the electrodes,
The pair of substrates are arranged so that the electrodes face each other,
The liquid crystal is sandwiched between the pair of substrates;
A liquid crystal display device, wherein the ferroelectric particles are dispersed in the liquid crystal. A pair of substrates each having an electrode formed on one side of the substrate, a liquid crystal, and a ferroelectric,
A protrusion is formed above one of the electrodes,
The pair of substrates are arranged so that the electrodes face each other,
The liquid crystal is sandwiched between the pair of substrates;
The ferroelectric is made of an organic material,
A liquid crystal display device, wherein the ferroelectric particles are dispersed in the liquid crystal. A pair of substrates each having an electrode formed on one side of the substrate, a liquid crystal, and a ferroelectric,
An active element is formed on one of the pair of substrates,
A protrusion is formed above one of the electrodes,
The pair of substrates are arranged so that the electrodes face each other,
The liquid crystal is sandwiched between the pair of substrates;
The ferroelectric is made of an organic material,
A liquid crystal display device, wherein the ferroelectric particles are dispersed in the liquid crystal. A pair of substrates each having an electrode formed on one side of the substrate, a liquid crystal, and a ferroelectric,
A plurality of electrodes and active elements are formed on either one of the pair of substrates,
A protrusion is formed between the plurality of electrodes,
The pair of substrates are arranged so that the electrodes face each other,
The liquid crystal is sandwiched between the pair of substrates;
The ferroelectric is made of an organic material,
A liquid crystal display device, wherein the ferroelectric particles are dispersed in the liquid crystal. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5,
The liquid crystal display device, wherein the ferroelectric is a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6,
The liquid crystal display device, wherein the ferroelectric material has a weight ratio of 40% or less with respect to the liquid crystal material. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 7,
The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the ferroelectric has a diameter of 4 μm or less and 10 nm or more.

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