JP2006150199A - Volume reduction apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a volume reduction apparatus reducing the volume of waste so as to facilitate disposal of, e.g. vegetable waste and skin of fruits, produced in food-processing factories. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus has a mixer 200 and a solid-liquid separator 300. An object OB, e.g. vegetable waste, is charged from the upper opening of the casing 78 of the mixer, and a rotor 77 is allows to rotate to crush the object finely with teeth 79 protruded from the peripheral surface of the rotor 77. The crushed object is subjected to solid-liquid separation with the solid-liquid separator 300 having a fixed plate 13, a movable plate 12 and two screws 22 penetrating the plates 12 and 13 and extending. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a volume reduction device that separates a liquid from a processing object and reduces its volume.

  Wastes such as large amounts of vegetable scraps and fruit peels are generated from food processing factories. These wastes were usually transported to a disposal site where they were disposed of. However, it was very expensive to transport such a large amount of waste, which was a great economic burden for the contractor. .

  Therefore, a solid-liquid separation device that separates moisture from waste such as vegetable waste and reduces the volume of the waste has been proposed and put into practical use (see Patent Document 1). Since this solid-liquid separation device is configured to separate the liquid from the processing target while conveying the processing target with two screws, the processing target is discarded such as vegetable scraps and fruit peels. Even in the case of a product, solid-liquid separation can be performed efficiently while preventing clogging.

  However, as a result of the study by the present inventor, it has been clarified that there is a limit to increasing the volume reduction rate of the object to be treated only with the above-described solid-liquid separator.

Japanese Patent No. 3565841

  The objective of this invention is providing the volume reduction apparatus which can raise the volume reduction rate of a process target object further.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a mixer that finely pulverizes a processing object, and a solid-liquid separation device that separates a liquid from the processing object crushed by the mixer. It has a plurality of movable plates and two screws extending through these movable plates, and the movable plates are configured to be pushed by two rotating screws. A volume reduction device is proposed (claim 1).

  The volume reduction device according to claim 1, wherein the mixer is formed in a truncated cone shape, and a rotating body having a large number of teeth projecting from a peripheral surface thereof, and spaced apart from the peripheral surface of the rotating body. A processing object is supplied into the casing from above the rotating body that is rotationally driven, and the processing object passes between the rotating body and the peripheral wall of the casing. It is advantageous that the object to be treated is crushed finely by the teeth of the rotating rotating body during the fall (Claim 2).

  Furthermore, in the volume reducing device according to claim 1 or 2, the movable plate is formed with a recess having an open top, and the two screws extend through the recesses of the plurality of movable plates. The recess is advantageously formed in such a form that the movable plate is pushed by two rotating screws and can be lifted upward (Claim 3). ).

  Further, in the volume reduction device according to claim 3, the solid-liquid separation device includes a plurality of fixed plates in which concave portions having open tops are formed, and the movable plates are respectively disposed between the fixed plates. The two screws extend through a recess formed in the fixed plate and a recess formed in the movable plate, and the recess of the fixed plate is also formed in a form that can lift the screw upward, It is advantageous that the filtrate flows down through the gap between the movable plate and the fixed plate (claim 4).

  Furthermore, in the volume reducing device according to claim 3, it is advantageous that the solid-liquid separation device has a detachable cover that covers an upper portion of the movable plate (claim 5).

  Further, in the volume reducing device according to claim 4, it is advantageous that the solid-liquid separation device has a detachable cover that covers upper portions of the movable plate and the fixed plate (claim 6). .

  Further, in the volume reducing device according to claim 1 or 2, the movable plate has a hole, and the two screws extend through holes of the plurality of movable plates, It is advantageous if the hole is formed in a form in which the movable plate is pushed by two rotating screws (claim 7).

  The volume reduction device according to claim 7, wherein the solid-liquid separation device has a plurality of fixed plates in which holes are formed, and the movable plates are arranged between the fixed plates, respectively. It is advantageous that the two screws extend through a hole formed in the fixed plate and a hole formed in the movable plate.

  Furthermore, in the volume reducing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, it is advantageous that the two screws are arranged in a state in which part of their blades overlap each other (claim 9). ).

  Further, in the volume reduction device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the winding direction of each screw blade and the rotation of each screw so that the processing object is conveyed in substantially the same direction by each screw. It is advantageous if the direction is set (claim 10).

  According to the present invention, the object to be processed is finely crushed by the mixer, and the crushed object to be processed is solid-liquid separated by the solid-liquid separator having two screws. It can be improved dramatically.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the volume reduction device 100 of this example. The volume reduction device 100 shown here includes a mixer 200 that finely pulverizes a processing object, and a solid-liquid separator 300 that separates a liquid from the processing object crushed by the mixer 200. First, the configuration and operation of the mixer 200 will be clarified.

  The mixer 200 includes a rotating body 77 formed in a truncated cone shape, and a casing 78 that accommodates the rotating body 77, and a plurality of protruding teeth 79 project from the circumferential surface of the rotating body 77. ing. A shaft 82 extending in the vertical direction is fixed to the central portion of the rotating body 77, and this shaft 82 is rotatably supported by the base plate 84 via a bearing 83.

  The casing 78 is integrally connected to a peripheral wall 80 which is spaced apart from the peripheral surface of the rotating body 77 by a predetermined distance and is substantially parallel to the peripheral surface, and an upper end of the peripheral wall 80, and an upper portion thereof. It has an open substantially cylindrical upper wall portion 81 and a hook-shaped guide 85 connected integrally to the lower end of the peripheral wall 80. The casing 78 is fixedly supported on the base plate 84. FIG. 13 is a plan view of the mixer 200 as viewed from above, and FIG. 14 is a plan view of the mixer 200 when the upper wall 81 and the peripheral wall 80 of the casing 78 are removed and the base plate is removed. As can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 14, the guide 85 extends along the lower peripheral edge of the rotating body 77 over the entire circumference. The guide 85 and the base plate 84 are formed with an outlet opening 90 for an object to be processed, and the inlet 4 of the solid-liquid separation device 300 described later is located below the outlet opening 90.

  On the other hand, a motor 86 is supported on the base plate 84, and a first pulley 87 is fixed to its output shaft. A second pulley 88 is fixed to the lower portion of the shaft 82 fixed to the rotating body 77, and a transmission belt 89 is wound around the second pulley 88 and the first pulley 87.

  Examples of processing objects to be processed by the illustrated volume reduction device 100 include vegetable scraps such as cabbage generated in a food processing factory, skin remaining after squeezing citrus fruits, and pineapple skin and core. These processing objects OB are put into the casing 78 from the upper opening of the casing 78 in the mixer 200 as shown by an arrow AA in FIG. At this time, the motor 86 is activated, and the rotation is transmitted to the shaft 82 via the first pulley 87, the transmission belt 89, and the second pulley 88, and the shaft 82 and the rotating body 77 are rotated around the central axis. It is rotating. The processing object OB is supplied into the casing 78 from above the rotating body 77 that is rotationally driven. The supplied processing object falls between the rotating body 77 and the peripheral wall 80 of the casing 78, and the processing object is finely crushed by the numerous teeth 79 of the rotating rotating body 77 in the meantime. Fall into. In this way, the finely crushed processing object accumulates in the guide 85, and when the amount thereof increases to a certain extent, it moves through the guide 85 by the rotation of the rotating body 77 and moves downward from the outlet opening 90. And is introduced into the solid-liquid separator 300 from the inlet 4 of the solid-liquid separator 300.

  The processing object finely crushed by the mixer 200 as described above is in a muddy state such as a grated apple or a porridge.

  Next, the configuration and operation of the illustrated solid-liquid separator 300 will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the solid-liquid separation device 300 with the mixer 200 shown in FIG. 2 and the base plate 84 supporting the mixer 200 removed. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the solid-liquid separation device of this example includes an inlet member 1 and an outlet member 2, and a solid-liquid separator 3 is disposed between these members 1 and 2. . Moreover, the upper part of the inlet member 1 and the solid-liquid separation part 3 is covered with the detachable cover 5. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the solid-liquid separator with the cover 5 removed.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the inlet member 1 includes a bottom wall 6 that is recessed downward, flat plate portions 7 and 8 that are integrally connected to each end of the bottom wall 6, and a bottom wall 6. And a pair of side plates 9 and 10 hanging downward from the flat plate portions 7 and 8. Further, as shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 5 and 6, the outlet member 2 has a main body 11 with an upper portion and a lower portion opened, and a side wall 16 on the side of the main body 11 facing the solid-liquid separation portion 3. In addition, notches 37 and 38 are formed in the side wall 17 positioned opposite thereto, and a partition plate 27 and a bearing plate 28 are arranged in the notches 37 and 38, respectively. The plate 28 is detachably fixed to the main body 11 by bolts 29 and 75 and nuts screwed to the bolts 29 and 75. By loosening the bolts 29 and 75, the partition plate 27 and the bearing plate 28 can be separated from the main body 11 as shown in FIG. Further, the lower opening of the main body 11 constitutes a discharge port 36 through which the processing object that has been dehydrated and reduced in volume is discharged.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the solid-liquid separation device 300 of this example includes a plurality of movable plates 12 and a plurality of fixed plates 13, and each of the movable plates 12 and the fixed plates 13 includes As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, recesses 14 and 15 having open tops are formed, respectively. Further, ring-shaped spacers 30 are arranged between the fixing plates 13, and bolts 18 and 19 are attached to the mounting holes 32 and 33 (FIGS. 4 and 8) formed in the fixing plates 13 and the spacers 30. It is inserted. In the illustrated example, the two bolts 18 that pass through the two mounting holes 32 formed below the concave portions 15 of each fixing plate 13 and the two mounting holes 33 that are formed on each side of the concave portion 15 pass through. The total of the two bolts 19 to be used is four bolts. FIG. 4 shows only one of these bolts 19 and a spacer 30 with which the bolt 19 is fitted. The fixing plate 13 and the spacer 30 can also be formed integrally.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the bolts 18, 19 pass through one side plate 9 of the inlet member 1 and one side wall 16 of the main body 11 of the outlet member 2, and a nut 20 is inserted into each of the bolts 18, 19. Is screwed and tightened. In this way, the fixing plates 13 are arranged in the axial direction with a predetermined gap therebetween by the spacers 30 and are integrally fixed to each other by the bolts 18 and 19 and the nut 20, and the inlet member 1 and the outlet It is fixed with respect to the member 2. It is also possible to assemble the fixing plates arranged so as to be spaced from each other by spacers so that they can be slightly moved.

  Further, each movable plate 12 is arranged in a gap between each fixed plate 13, and as shown in FIG. 7, the thickness T of each movable plate 12 is larger than the gap width G between each fixed plate 13. A filtrate discharge gap g of about 0.5 to 1 mm, for example, is formed between the end face of each fixed plate 13 and the end face of the movable plate 12 facing the fixed plate 13. As will be described later, the filtrate discharge gap g allows the liquid separated from the processing object, that is, the filtrate to pass therethrough. The thickness T of the movable plate 12 is set to about 1.5 mm, for example, and the thickness t of the fixed plate 13 is set to about 3 mm, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 8, each movable plate 12 is placed on a spacer 30 fitted to the lower two bolts 18 and between the spacers 30 fitted to the upper two bolts 19. Is arranged. As a result, each movable plate 12 is prevented from dropping downward, and each movable plate 12 can move in a direction parallel to the end face of the fixed plate 13 in the gap between the fixed plates 13.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 7 and 8, the solid-liquid separation device 300 has two screws 21 and 22, which are the bottom wall of the inlet member 1. 6 extends through a recess defined by 6, a recess 15 formed in the fixed plate 13, and a recess 14 formed in the movable plate 12. The screws 21 and 22 shown here have shaft portions 23 and 24 and spiral blades 25 and 26 formed integrally with the shaft portions 23 and 24, respectively.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 2, 5, and 6, the partition plate 27 of the outlet member 2 is formed with two semicircular cutouts 39, 40, and one side wall 16 of the main body 11. The notch 37 has two semicircular notches 41 and 42. These notches 39, 40 and the notches 41, 42 define two circular holes 43, 44. The holes 43, 44 have shafts of the screws 21, 22 not shown in FIG. 23 and 24 extend through each. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the diameters of the holes 43 and 44 are larger than the diameters of the shaft portions 23 and 24.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 5, and 6, the bearing plate 28 disposed in the notch 38 formed on the other side wall 17 of the outlet member 2 accommodates bearings 45 and 46 therein. The bearing cups 47 and 48 are fixed. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, one end portions of the shaft portions 23 and 24 of the screws 21 and 22 are inserted into the bearing cups 47 and 48, respectively, The bearing cups 47 and 48 are rotatably supported.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a gear box 49 is fixed to the inlet member 1, and a gear shaft 54 to which a gear 52 is fixed is attached to each side wall 50, 51 of the gear box 49. It is supported so that it can rotate freely. A motor 55 is fixedly supported on the side wall 51, and its output shaft 56 extends through both side walls 50, 51. A gear 53 is also fixed to the output shaft 56, and the gear 53 and the above-described gear 52 mesh with each other inside the gear box 49.

  As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 9, one end of the gear shaft 54 and one end of the output shaft 56 are formed hollow inside and engaged with the central portion of the hollow portion 57. The piece 58 is fixedly arranged. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, an engagement groove 59 is formed at the other end of the shaft portions 23, 24 of each screw 21, 22, and each end portion of each of the shaft portions 23, 24 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the engagement groove 59 formed in each of the shaft portions 23 and 24 is inserted into the hollow portion 57 of the gear shaft 54 and the output shaft 56, and the engagement piece 58 provided in the gear shaft 54 and the output shaft 56. Are detachably engaged with each other. Therefore, when the motor 55 is operated and the output shaft 56 rotates, the rotation is transmitted to the gear shaft 54 via the gears 53 and 52, and the rotation of the output shaft 56 and the gear shaft 54 is engaged with each other. The screw is transmitted to the screws 21 and 22 through the joint piece 58 and the engaging groove 59, and the screws 21 and 22 rotate around the central axes X1 and X2.

  As shown in FIG.7 and FIG.8, the two screws 21 and 22 are arrange | positioned in the state in which some of the blade | wings 25 and 26 mutually overlapped, without contacting. That is, when both screws 21 and 22 are viewed in the direction of their central axes X1 and X2, the blades 25 and 26 are partially overlapped. In FIG. 8, the overlapping portions of the blades 25 and 26 of both screws 21 and 22 are hatched and denoted by reference symbol OL.

  In the illustrated example, both screws 21 and 22 are juxtaposed in parallel as shown in FIG. 3, but the central axes X1 and X2 of these screws 21 and 22 have a small angle. In addition, both screws 21 and 22 may be juxtaposed. Naturally, the size and form of the recesses 14 and 15 of the movable plate 12 and the fixed plate 13 are set so as not to impede the rotation of the two screws 21 and 22. In the solid-liquid separation device of this example, the pitch of the blades 25 and 26 of each screw 21 and 22 gradually decreases from the inlet member 1 side to the outlet member 2 side. Can be set equally over the entire length of each screw.

  As shown in FIG. 2, one side wall 50 of the gear box 49 extends downward, and a flange portion 60 that protrudes in the horizontal direction from the lower end thereof is fixed to a stay 61 of a frame that supports the solid-liquid separator. . Similarly, a flange 62 projecting from one side wall 16 of the outlet member 2 is also fixed to the stay 63 of the underframe. Further, among the large number of fixing plates 13, the fixing plate shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 with a reference numeral 13A in particular extends lower than the other fixing plates and extends horizontally from its lower end. The protruding flange portion 64 is fixed to the stay 65 of the underframe. As described above, the plurality of flange portions 60, 62, 64 are fixed to the stays 61, 63, 65 of the frame, so that the entire solid-liquid separator is supported by the frame.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a pair of tongue pieces 66 and 67 project from the upper portion of the fixing plate 13 </ b> A used as a support, and also on one side wall 16 of the outlet member 2. A pair of tongue pieces 68 and 69 are projected. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the flange portions 70, 71 of the cover 5 are placed on the tongue pieces 66, 67, 68, 69 and the flat plate portions 7, 8 of the inlet member 1. The flange portions 70 and 71 are detachably fixed to the tongue pieces 66, 67, 68 and 69 and the flat plate portions 7 and 8 by bolts 72 and nuts. In addition, a charging port 4 for charging a processing object is formed in a portion of the cover 5 corresponding to the bottom wall 6 of the inlet member 1.

  Next, while explaining the operation of the solid-liquid separator 300, another configuration of the solid-liquid separator 300 will be clarified.

  The processing object falling from the outlet opening 90 of the mixer 200 shown in FIG. 2 is thrown onto the bottom wall 6 of the inlet member 1 from the inlet 4 as indicated by an arrow A. At this time, the output shaft 56 and the screw 22 are rotationally driven by the operation of the motor 55, and this rotation is transmitted to the gear shaft 54 via the gears 53 and 52, whereby the screw 21 is also rotationally driven. Thus, as the two screws 21 and 22 rotate around their central axes X1 and X2, a large number of objects to be processed that have dropped on the inlet member 1 are indicated by arrows B in FIG. Are moved to a space S defined by the fixed plate 13, the recesses 15 and 14 of the movable plate 12, and the cover 5, and conveyed toward the outlet member 2. In addition, illustration of the process target object sent into the solid-liquid separator is abbreviate | omitted.

  As described above, when the processing object moves in the space S defined by the plurality of movable plates 12 and the recessed portions 14 and 15 of the fixed plate 13 and the cover 5 which are alternately arranged, moisture is removed from the processing object. Is separated, and the separated water, that is, the filtrate, is discharged to the outside through the filtrate discharge gap g (FIG. 7) between each fixed plate 13 and the movable plate 12. The filtrate discharged in this manner flows downward as indicated by arrows C1, C2, C3, and C4 in FIG. 2, and is received by a receiving tray 35 fixed to each stay 61, 63, and an outlet of the receiving tray 35 It is discharged downward through 76. Since this filtrate still contains solids, the filtrate is again dehydrated by another solid-liquid separator having, for example, one screw.

  As described above, the water content of the processing object conveyed in the space S is reduced, and the reduced processing object is formed on the outlet member 2 as indicated by an arrow D in FIG. It is discharged into the outlet member 2 through the holes 43 and 44 and falls downward. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, back pressure plates 73 and 74 are fixed to the shaft portions 23 and 24 so as to oppose one side wall 16 and the partition plate 27 of the outlet member 2, and thereby, in the space S. The pressure applied to the object to be processed can be increased.

  As described above, in the solid-liquid separation device of this example, the processing object is conveyed from the inlet member 1 side toward the outlet member 2 side by the rotation of the screws 21 and 22. That is, the winding direction of the blades 25 and 26 of each screw 21 and 22 and the rotation direction of each screw 21 and 22 are set so that the processing object is conveyed in substantially the same direction by each screw 21 and 22. -ing In the illustrated example, as shown in FIG. 8, one screw 21 is rotationally driven in the clockwise direction, and the other screw 22 is rotationally driven in the counterclockwise direction.

  According to the volume reduction device of this example, the processing object is first crushed into a muddy state by the mixer 200, and the water is removed from the processing object by the solid-liquid separator having two screws 21 and 22. Therefore, the volume reduction rate of the object to be processed can be dramatically increased. Thus, the processing object efficiently reduced in volume can be transported to a processing plant or the like at a low cost. In addition, since the treated object after volume reduction still contains a large amount of water, the treated object is dried by a drying device (not shown), and the moisture content is further reduced. It can also be realized. Instead of discarding the reduced volume of the processing object, it can be used as a fertilizer.

  By the way, in the space S of the solid-liquid separator, when the moisture and the solid content of the processing object are separated, the solid content slightly enters the filtrate discharge gap g between each movable plate 12 and the fixed plate 13. If this is left unavoidable, the gap g will become clogged. However, the movable plate 12 of the solid-liquid separation device of this example is pushed and moved by the blades 25 and 26 of the two rotating screws 21 and 22, and the end surface of each movable plate 12 faces the fixed plate 13. The solid content that moves with respect to the end face of the liquid and efficiently enters the filtrate discharge gap g is prevented from being discharged from the gap g and blocked.

  FIG. 10 to FIG. 12 are explanatory views schematically showing how the movable plate 12 is pushed and moved by the two screws 21 and 22. In these drawings, the screws 21 and 22, the movable plate 12 and the fixed plate 13 are all represented by solid lines, and the cross-sectional portions 25A and 26A of the blades 25 and 26 shown in FIG. 8 are represented by simple lines.

  Here, the movement of the movable plate 12 will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 10 to 12. When the cross-sectional portions 25A and 26A of the blades 25 and 26 are referred to as blade portions, in the state shown in FIG. 8, both the blade portions 25A and 26A face rightward in the drawing. At this time, one blade portion 25A is not in contact with the movable plate 12, but the other blade portion 26A presses the movable plate 12 to the right in the figure, and the movable plate 12 occupies the rightmost position. ing.

  From this state, one screw 21 rotates in the clockwise direction and the other screw 22 rotates in the counterclockwise direction. However, when the blade portions 25A and 26A are at the positions shown in FIG. 10, the blade portion 26A is also movable. Apart from the plate 12, the movable plate 12 occupies the rightmost position without being pressed by the blade portions 25A, 26A.

  However, when each of the blade portions 25A and 26A occupies the position shown in FIG. 11, the blade portion 25A of one screw 21 presses the movable plate 12 to the left in the drawing, and the movable plate 12 is pushed to the left. It is. As the screws 21 and 22 rotate, the movable plate 12 is further pushed leftward by the blade portion 25A, and when both the blade portions 25A and 26A face leftward in the drawing, as shown in FIG. The movable plate 12 occupies the leftmost position. Such movement is repeated continuously. At this time, the blade portions 25 </ b> A and 26 </ b> A of the rotating screws 21 and 22 do not directly contact the fixed plate 13, the inlet member 1, and the cover 5.

  As described above, the movable plate 12 reciprocates in the left-right direction in FIGS. 8 and 10 to 12 while maintaining a substantially horizontal state. As a result, the movable plate 12 operates in a direction substantially parallel to the fixed plate 13, and the filtrate discharge gap g (FIG. 7) between the movable plate 12 and the fixed plate 13 is always cleaned. However, the gap g is clogged, and the trouble that the discharge of the filtrate is hindered can be prevented. The size and shape of the concave portion 14 of the movable plate 12 are set so that the movable plate 12 can be pushed by the blades 25 and 26 of the two rotating screws 21 and 22, and between the movable plate 12 and the fixed plate 13. By configuring the filtrate to flow down through the gap, it is possible to achieve the above-described effects.

  According to the solid-liquid separator described above, the object to be processed in the space S can be conveyed by the two screws 21 and 22, and in particular, a part of the blades 25 and 26 of the two screws 21 and 22 are mutually connected. By arranging in an overlapping state, it is possible to prevent a problem that the processing object is clogged inside the space S even when the processing object is an object that easily loses fluidity. When the object to be processed whose dehydration has progressed in the space S and the fluidity has been lowered adheres to the surfaces of the screws 21 and 22 or is about to adhere, the portions of the blades 25 and 26 that overlap each other are the objects to be treated. Since the object is rotated while scraping off the object, the problem that the object to be processed is clogged in the space S can be prevented.

  In particular, as shown in the illustrated example, when the screws 21 and 22 rotate so as to enter the overlapped portions of the blades 25 and 26 from above, the blades 25 and 26 of the screws 21 and 22 are moved to each other. , And can be forcibly sent to the overlapped portion, and the processing object can be efficiently conveyed without stagnation.

  By the way, since the movable plate 12 is worn while the above-described solid-liquid separation operation is repeatedly performed, it is necessary to replace it with a new movable plate. This replacement operation can be performed very simply as illustrated below.

  First, in a state where the operation of the motor 55 is stopped, the bolts 72 shown in FIG. 1 are loosened and removed, and the cover 5 is lifted upward to remove the cover. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 3, the upper parts of the screws 21 and 22, the movable plate 12, and the fixed plate 13 are opened.

  Next, the bolts 29 and 75 shown in FIG. 5 are loosened, and the partition plate 27 is removed as shown in FIG. 6 and the bearing plate 28 is pulled in the direction of arrow E so that the bearing cups 47 and 48 are connected to the screws 21 and 27, respectively. The shafts 23 and 24 of the 22 are separated from one end. Thereby, there is no thing which restrains one edge part side of each screw 21 and 22. FIG.

  Next, the screws 21 and 22 are pulled in the direction indicated by the arrow F in FIG. 3, and the screws 21 and 22 are moved in the axial direction by a slight distance. Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the other ends of the shaft portions 23 and 24 of the screws 21 and 22 are disengaged from the hollow portions 57 of the gear shaft 54 and the output shaft 56. Thereby, what restrains the other edge part side of the screws 21 and 22 is lost. Thus, the screws 21 and 22 can be lifted upward so that they do not hit the mixer 200 shown in FIG. The recesses 14 and 15 formed in the movable plate 12 and the fixed plate 13 are formed in a form in which the screws 21 and 22 can be lifted upward.

  As described above, if the screws 21 and 22 are removed from the concave portions 14 and 15 of the movable plate 12 and the fixed plate 13, each movable plate 12 can be lifted upward and removed. After all the movable plates 12 are removed, a new movable plate 12 is attached, and the screws 21 and 22 can be assembled in the reverse procedure as described above. The mixer 200 shown in FIG. 2 and the base plate 84 that supports the mixer 200 are supported so as to be movable in the horizontal direction, for example. When the screws 21 and 22 are attached and detached, the mixer 200 and the base plate 84 are indicated by an arrow K in FIG. If it is configured to move in the direction shown so that the screws 21 and 22 can be prevented from hitting the mixer 200, the attaching and detaching operations of the screws 21 and 22 can be performed more easily.

  As described above, in the solid-liquid separation device of this example, the upper opening width of the concave portions 14 and 15 of the movable plate 12 and the fixed plate 13 is set so that the two screws 21 and 22 can be simultaneously lifted upward. Although the sizes are set, these opening widths are set smaller than the illustrated example so that the two screws 21 and 22 can be lifted upward one by one instead of simultaneously. The size of the upper opening width may be set. In any case, each of the recesses 14 and 15 is set to a size that can lift the screw upward.

  In addition, each fixing plate 15 is formed in a form in which each fixing plate 15 of the above-described form is added with a plate portion indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. When the cover 5 is formed by adding a portion indicated by a two-dot chain line and indicated by a reference numeral 5A to the cover 5, the pressure applied to the object to be processed in the space S is increased, and the liquid removal efficiency is increased. It is possible to increase.

  In addition to the movable plate 12, the solid-liquid separation apparatus described above includes a plurality of fixed plates 13 in which concave portions 15 whose upper portions are open are formed, and the movable plates 13 are arranged between the fixed plates 13, respectively. Two screws 21 and 22 extend through a recess 15 formed in the fixed plate 13 and a recess 14 formed in the movable plate 12, and the recess 15 of the fixed plate 13 also lifts the screw upward. It is formed in a form that can be made, and is configured such that the filtrate flows down through the gap between the movable plate 12 and the fixed plate 13. That is, the movable plate 12 and the fixed plate 13 are alternately arranged, and the movable plate 12 is configured to operate with respect to the fixed plate 13, but the present invention is limited to such a configuration. is not. For example, without providing a fixed plate, only a large number of movable plates 12 are stacked and two screws 21 and 22 are passed through the recesses 14 of the large number of movable plates 12, so that the gaps between the movable plates 12. And the movable plates 12 are operated by the rotation of the screws 21 and 22 in the same manner as described above with reference to FIGS. 8 and 10 to 12. It can also be configured to prevent the problem of clogging solids between them by relative movement.

  In any form of the solid-liquid separation device, the movable plate is formed with a recess having an open top, and the two screws 21 and 22 extend through the recesses of the plurality of movable plates. Is formed in a form in which the movable plate is pushed by two rotating screws and can be lifted upward.

  Moreover, although the solid-liquid separation apparatus of this example has the removable cover 5 which covers the upper part of the movable plate 12 and the fixed plate 13, depending on the case, this cover 5 can also be abbreviate | omitted. In the case of a solid-liquid separator that is not provided with a fixed plate, the removable cover 5 covers the upper part of the movable plate 12.

  In addition, for the purpose of increasing the volume reduction rate of the object to be processed, the configuration in which the mixer and the solid-liquid separator are connected is such that the solid-liquid separator is formed with a hole penetrating the movable plate and the fixed plate, and two screws are installed. The present invention can be applied without any trouble even when the device extends through the holes of the movable plate and the fixed plate. Since this type of solid-liquid separator is described in detail in Japanese Patent No. 3565841, only the outline thereof will be briefly described with reference to FIGS.

  The solid-liquid separation device 300 shown in FIGS. 15 to 18 includes a plurality of movable plates 12 in which holes 114 are formed and a plurality of fixed plates 13 in which holes 115 are formed. The spacers 30 are spaced from each other, and bolts 18 and 19 are inserted through the plurality of fixing plates 13 and the spacers 30. Nuts 20 are screwed onto the bolts 18 and 19, and the bolts 18 and 19 and the fixing plate 13 are fixed to the inlet member 1 and the outlet member 2. Each movable plate 12 is disposed in a gap between each fixed plate 13. The two screws 21 and 22 extend through the hole 115 formed in the fixed plate 13 and the hole 114 formed in the movable plate 12, and the gears 52 and 53 fixed to the screws 21 and 22 are mutually connected. I'm engaged. A gear box 49 is fixed to the entrance member 1, and a motor 55 is supported on the gear box 49. One screw 21 is rotatably supported by the inlet member 1 and the outlet member 2, one end of the other screw 22 is rotatably supported by the outlet member 2, and the other end is supported by the motor 55. It is connected. An object to be processed (not shown) that has been crushed into a muddy state by a mixer (not shown) (see FIG. 2) is placed in the solid-liquid separator as indicated by an arrow A from the inlet 4 of the inlet member 1. And is conveyed in the direction of arrow B by two screws 21 and 22 that are rotationally driven. At this time, the moisture separated from the object to be processed passes between the fixed plate 13 and the movable plate 12 and falls on the tray 35 as indicated by arrows C1, C2, and C3. The processing object thus reduced in volume falls downward through the outlet member 2 as indicated by an arrow D. Also in this case, the shape of the hole 114 of the movable plate 12 is formed so that the movable plate 12 is pushed by the blades 25 and 26 of the two rotating screws 21 and 22. Solid matter is prevented from clogging with the fixed plate 13.

  Since the above-described solid-liquid separation apparatus 300 also has two screws 21 and 22, the processing object that has been finely crushed by the mixer is subjected to solid-liquid separation by this solid-liquid separation apparatus, thereby reducing the processing object. The capacity can be greatly increased. Also, in the solid-liquid separation device 300 shown in FIGS. 15 to 18, the two screws 21 and 22 are arranged in a state where the blades 25 and 26 partially overlap each other. The winding direction of the blades of each screw 21 and 22 and the rotation direction of each screw are set so that the processing object is conveyed in substantially the same direction. Further, in the solid-liquid separator 300 shown in FIGS. 15 to 18, the movable plate 12 and the fixed plate 13 are alternately arranged so that the movable plate 12 operates with respect to the fixed plate 13. Without providing a fixed plate, a large number of movable plates 12 are arranged in a stacked manner, and two screws 21 and 22 are passed through holes 14 of the large number of movable plates 12 so that a gap between each movable plate 12 is provided. In addition to discharging the filtrate, the movable plates 12 are operated by rotating the screws 21 and 22, and the relative movement between the movable plates 12 prevents the solid matter from being clogged between them. it can. In any case, a hole is formed in the movable plate, and the two screws extend through the holes of the plurality of movable plates, and the hole is pushed by the movable plate by the two rotating screws. It is formed in the form.

  Also, in any type of solid-liquid separation apparatus described above, as known per se, the processing object input side into the internal space is lower than the processing object discharge side where the liquid content is reduced. A plurality of movable plates 12 may be arranged to be inclined so that a larger pressure is applied to the processing object as the processing object in the space S approaches the discharge side.

  As described above, the volume reduction device shown in each embodiment includes a mixer that finely pulverizes a processing object, and a solid-liquid separation device that separates liquid from the processing object crushed by the mixer, The solid-liquid separation device has a plurality of movable plates and two screws extending through the movable plates, and the movable plates are configured to be pushed by the two rotating screws. ing. With this configuration, the volume reduction of the processing object can be dramatically increased.

It is a top view of a solid-liquid separator. FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the solid-liquid separator and the mixer shown in FIG. 1. It is a top view of a solid-liquid separation device in the state where a cover was removed. It is a disassembled perspective view of an inlet member, a movable plate, a fixed plate, a spacer, and a bolt. It is a perspective view of an exit member. It is a perspective view which shows the state which isolate | separated the partition plate and the bearing plate from the main body of the exit member. It is an enlarged plan view in the solid-liquid separation part of the solid-liquid separation apparatus shown in FIG. It is the VIII-VIII line expanded sectional view of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the connection state of a shaft part of a gear shaft and an output shaft, and a screw. It is a figure explaining a motion of a movable plate. It is a figure explaining a motion of a movable plate. It is a figure explaining a motion of a movable plate. It is a top view of the mixer shown in FIG. It is the top view which showed the mixer in the state which removed the upper wall part and peripheral wall of the casing, and the baseplate. It is a top view of the solid-liquid separator of another type. FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional front view of the solid-liquid separator shown in FIG. 15. FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view of a movable plate, a fixed plate, a spacer, a bolt, and a nut of the solid-liquid separator shown in FIG. 15. It is an expanded horizontal sectional view in the solid-liquid separation part of the solid-liquid separation apparatus shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 Cover 12 Movable plate 13 Fixed plate 14,15 Recessed part 21,22 Screw 77 Rotating body 78 Casing 79 Tooth 80 Perimeter wall 100 Volume reduction device 114,115 Hole 200 Mixer 300 Solid-liquid separation device OB Processing object

Claims (10)

A mixer for finely crushing a processing object and a solid-liquid separation device for separating a liquid from the processing object crushed by the mixer, the solid-liquid separation device comprising a plurality of movable plates and these movable plates. A volume reduction device comprising: two screws extending through the movable plate, wherein the movable plate is pushed by the two rotating screws. The mixer includes a rotating body that is formed in a truncated cone shape and has a plurality of teeth projecting on a peripheral surface thereof, and a casing that includes a peripheral wall that is spaced apart from the peripheral surface of the rotating body, and is rotationally driven. The processing object is supplied into the casing from above the rotating body, and the processing object is rotated by the teeth of the rotating body while the processing object falls between the rotating body and the peripheral wall of the casing. The volume reducing device according to claim 1, which is configured to be crushed finely. The movable plate is formed with a recess having an open top, and the two screws extend through the recesses of the plurality of movable plates, and the recess is pushed by the movable plate by the two rotating screws. The volume reducing device according to claim 1, wherein the volume reducing device is formed in a movable form and is formed in a form in which the screw can be lifted upward. The solid-liquid separation device includes a plurality of fixed plates formed with recesses open at the top, the movable plate is disposed between the fixed plates, and the two screws are formed on the fixed plate. The recessed portion of the fixed plate extends through the recessed portion formed in the movable plate, and the recessed portion of the fixed plate is also formed so that the screw can be lifted upward, and the filtrate flows down through the gap between the movable plate and the fixed plate. The volume reducing device according to claim 3. The volume reduction device according to claim 3, wherein the solid-liquid separator has a detachable cover that covers an upper portion of the movable plate. The volume reduction device according to claim 4, wherein the solid-liquid separator has a detachable cover that covers upper portions of the movable plate and the fixed plate. A hole is formed in the movable plate, and the two screws extend through holes of the plurality of movable plates, and the movable plate is pushed by the two rotating screws. The volume reduction device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the volume reduction device is formed in a form. The solid-liquid separator has a plurality of fixed plates in which holes are formed, the movable plates are arranged between the fixed plates, and the two screws are movable with the holes formed in the fixed plates. The volume reduction device according to claim 7, which extends through a hole formed in the plate. The volume reduction device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the two screws are arranged in a state where part of the blades overlap each other. The volume reduction according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a winding direction of each screw blade and a rotation direction of each screw are set so that the processing object is conveyed in substantially the same direction by each screw. apparatus.

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