JP2006145180A - Heat storage type electric floor heating device, and its temperature control method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for compensating insufficiency of a heating amount of a heat storage type electric floor heating device. <P>SOLUTION: In the temperature control method for the heat storage type electric floor heating device, a heat storage material composing an electric floor heating panel becomes a substantially molten state by carrying out energizing and heating to a planar heating element during a heat storage period, it releases a large portion of latent heat stored during the heat storage period and causes a change of phase to a solidified state by radiation during a subsequent heating period without energization, it is composed of a limited amount of a degree wherein at least one part melts and radiates again by carrying out reheating by energization of a short time during the heating period, a reheating start temperature is set at a solidification temperature or lower, and a stop temperature is set at a melting temperature or higher and at an upper limit temperature of the heat storage period or lower. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention provides a floor heating apparatus that can be operated with a minimum electric charge in a heat storage type electric floor heating apparatus, and a temperature control method therefor.

  The floor heating system does not pollute the indoor air or disturb the air with dust, and also radiates heat rays from the place where the human body is in contact or close to heat the human body and air. It is becoming increasingly popular as a heating system for quiet houses that are extremely clean and quiet, and is widely used as a safe and clean heating means especially in high-rise apartments.

  As the floor heating device, there are an electric heating type in which a heating element is energized and heated, and a hot water heating type in which heated hot water in which gas is burned is circulated in a pipe buried under the floor.

  The electric heating type equipment is 1) a heating cable made of nichrome wire placed in a groove of a meandering strip formed on a heat insulating plate such as a foamed synthetic resin plate, and 2) lamination of a synthetic resin plate and a metal plate. A sheet using a heat-generating sheet that has been processed into a heat-generating pattern using a metal plate. 3) Further, the thermoplastic resin has a characteristic that the resistance value changes in an increasing direction sensitive to temperature, that is, a “PTC characteristic”. There is one using a planar heating element made of a synthetic resin.

  In the floor heating devices 1) and 2), it is necessary to provide a large number of temperature sensors in a predetermined place for temperature control. Therefore, heat radiation such as clothes and rugs is provided at the place where the temperature sensors are arranged. If obstructed furniture is placed, the temperature will rise abnormally and may cause a fire in some cases, so the arrangement of furniture etc. is limited and it can not be changed easily for the convenience of the resident There's a problem. Further, when a metal piece such as a nail is driven into the heating element, there is a possibility that a short circuit, an electric shock, or an electric leakage accident may occur, and recently, it is gradually not used for this kind of application.

  3) The planar heating element having “PTC characteristics” is obtained by adding a predetermined amount of fine carbon powder to a thermoplastic resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene and acrylic resin, and extruding it into a sheet. By adopting an extrusion molding method limited by conditions, a large amount of carbon is unevenly distributed in the surface layer, and a flexible portion can be manufactured with a small carbon content in the central portion of the cross section. Since the main raw material of this sheet heating element is a thermoplastic resin, when it is electrically short-circuited, the portion is instantaneously melted and the energized state is canceled to automatically ensure safety (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). 3).

  Also, even when furniture is placed above the heat dissipation surface and the temperature of that part rises, the resistance value increases as the temperature rises, so the current is automatically limited, and the temperature rise of that part As a result, there is no risk of fire and the safety can be ensured.

  The hot water heating type floor heating system has pipes placed in the grooves formed on the top surface of the heat insulating material, and hot water or heat medium is supplied and circulated by a pump from a boiler installed outdoors. It has been widely used because of its high safety and relatively low heating costs and low heating costs.

  However, this hot water heating type floor heating device generates heat linearly along the pipe, and it is necessary to supply a fairly high-temperature heat medium in order to warm the whole room, and the heat medium flows in the pipe. Accordingly, the temperature gradually decreases, so that the temperature of the entire room tends to be uneven. Moreover, the lifetime of a boiler and piping is about 8 years, and there also exists a restriction that furniture etc. cannot be arranged on piping. Furthermore, since the total thickness of the portion for inserting and supporting the pipe and the heat insulating plate therebelow is at least 5 to 10 cm, the portion occupying the floor structure is thick, which often limits the design of the floor structure.

As is well known, nighttime electricity is about one-third less expensive than daytime electricity charges, which can save significant electricity charges. For this reason, an electric floor that arranges a latent heat type heat storage material in the structure of the floor heating device, heats the heat storage material with nighttime power to melt and stores the latent heat, and radiates it during the daytime. Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-12370 has been proposed as a temperature control method for a heating device (see Patent Document 4).
Japanese Patent No. 1376789 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-32442) JP-A-4-77210 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-27352 Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 4-12370

  The invention described in Patent Document 1 shows a method of embedding in concrete after confirming the presence or absence of pinholes in the cover of the planar heating element, and is premised on being applied to a concrete floor structure. Is. In addition, the inventions described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 support a channel member between two joists, and contain a heating element, a heat storage material, etc., and the joists are arranged at a narrow interval. It uses a specially manufactured channel in a Japanese house, and is not a general structure.

  However, the above-mentioned known technique has a limitation that it cannot be processed into a concrete floor structure like a recently built condominium. In addition, it cannot be applied in some cases, and those in which a heating element is embedded in concrete can be easily inspected. Cannot be repaired. In addition, the apparatus having a structure in which the channel is arranged between the joists is extremely limited, and there is a problem that the arrangement of the heating element is also limited.

(Use of night electricity and heat storage materials)
The invention described in Patent Document 4 provides a control method for an electric floor heating apparatus that adjusts the energization time corresponding to room temperature, and is an effective method in the sense that it can efficiently use inexpensive nighttime power. is there. However, this floor heating apparatus can be applied to a floor heating apparatus that incorporates a heat storage material having a heat capacity that can sufficiently provide daytime heating with nighttime power.

  In the case of this floor heating device, it is necessary to increase the amount of mat-like heat storage material laid on the sheet heating element corresponding to the amount of heat necessary for heating, so the thickness must be increased. I don't get it. Therefore, it cannot be adapted to a floor heating device using a normal floor material.

  Considering the case where the amount of heat storage material is insufficient to supply the required amount of heat dissipation, the phase change by dissipating all the latent heat that the heat storage material has melted and retained during the daytime heating period When solidified, the heating will be insufficient, so it will be necessary to energize in the daytime and “cook”. In other words, if you try to remelt the heat storage material that has solidified, you also need to supply a large latent heat of melting that will melt the entire heat storage material. As described above, a large amount of heat storage material is used.

(Phase change of heat storage material)
For example, when sodium sulfate decahydrate (Na2 SO4 .10H2 O) is used as the heat storage material, the melting point is around 28 ° C., the latent heat (heat of fusion and heat of solidification) is large, about 40 to 45 kcal / kg, The average is 42 kcal / kg. Therefore, when the heat storage material releases all of the latent heat and solidifies, heating for the latent heat or more is required.

  This has important implications for floor heating. In other words, the heat storage material laminated on the sheet heating element forms a “heat insulation layer” that absorbs a large amount of heat. Therefore, until the heat storage material is completely melted, the sheet heating element The amount of heat generated is absorbed, and as a result, an essential problem of not releasing or transmitting thermal energy to the upper surface side of the heat storage material, that is, the floor plate side, occurs.

  Considering this from the movement of the heat energy of the phase change of the heat storage material, when heating and melting the solid heat storage material held at room temperature, the heat storage material is heated up to 28 ° C. which is the melting temperature. Sensible heat for heating is required, and then latent heat for melting the entire heat storage material is required. And when this heat storage material starts melting, there is no temperature rise until the whole melts. In other words, even if the sheet heating element is energized and “catch-up”, the heat energy is absorbed by the heat storage material, so that it does not act as heat energy for floor heating. In consideration of such a phenomenon of movement of thermal energy, in the invention described in Patent Document 4, temperature control is performed in consideration of heat radiation energy.

  As with conventional floor heating systems, heat generators and heat storage materials are buried in concrete, or specially constructed channels are prepared. It was designed to store more heat than needed.

(Constraining the floor heating system)
The next important issue is how to install the floor heating system.

  When assembling a floor heating device with a conventional structure in a given room, various different work processes such as foundation floor finishing process, floor heating apparatus assembly process, wiring process, floor finishing process, etc. are required, and accordingly Different types of workers and engineers are required. Therefore, it is necessary to wait for the construction of another process until one process is completed, and the construction period becomes longer and the cost required for it increases, which is the price of electric floor heating equipment. It is also a factor that raised the price.

  In order to solve the problems in the assembly process of the prior art, the present inventor has developed a structure of a floor heating device similar to that of a normal floor finishing plate material, and as a result, has a device having the same dimensions as the floor finishing material. Recognizing that this is necessary, the structure of the floor heating system or the electric floor heating panel was developed. The present invention proposes a structure of the floor heating apparatus or a method of using an electric floor heating panel.

  In addition, in an electric floor heating system that uses a heat storage material as a component, in order to suppress the electricity charge to a minimum, heat storage type electricity that efficiently stores heat by using nighttime power and effectively releases the amount of heat in the middle. A method for controlling the floor heating apparatus is proposed.

  The present invention aims to propose this heat storage type electric floor heating device and its control method, and the heat storage type electric floor heating device of the present invention is configured as follows.

1) An electric floor heating panel is formed by laminating a sheet heating element and a thin heat storage material on a thin plate made of a heat insulating material, and further providing a soaking plate made of a metal plate covering the upper surface. In the floor heating apparatus in which the panel is arranged on the foundation floor board and the floor board is laid on the electric floor heating panel,
The heat storage material is substantially entirely melted by energization heating to the planar heating element during the heat storage period, and by heat radiation during the subsequent heating period, most of the latent heat stored during the heat storage period is dissipated into a solidified state. It is characterized in that it is configured in a limited amount so that it changes to a phase and is heated to a temperature at which a part is melted and reheated by reheating by short-term energization within the heating period.

  2) The thickness of the electric floor heating panel including the heat storage material corresponds to the specified thickness of the floor material or the thickness of the dummy board used together with the floor material.

  The control method of the floor heating apparatus according to the present invention is configured as follows.

  3) An electric floor heating panel is formed by laminating a sheet heating element and a thin heat storage material on a thin plate made of a heat insulating material, and further providing a soaking plate made of a metal plate covering the upper surface thereof. Is placed on the foundation floor plate of a house, and the floor plate is laid on the electric floor heating panel, the heat storage material is substantially melted by energization heating to the planar heating element during the heat storage period. Due to heat dissipation during the heating period during which no energization continues, most of the latent heat stored during the heat storage period is dissipated to change into a solidified state, and at least partly due to reheating due to short-term energization within the heating period. It is composed of a limited amount that melts and re-heats, the reheating start temperature is not more than the solidification temperature, and the stop temperature is not less than the melting temperature and not more than the upper limit temperature of the heat storage period. It is characterized in Rukoto.

  4) A control range including the additional cooking start temperature and the stop temperature is formed, and a plurality of the control ranges are set.

  5) A control range including the additional cooking start temperature and the stop temperature is formed, and the additional cooking start temperature is set to around 24 ° C.

  6) A control range including the start cooking temperature and the stop temperature is formed, and a plurality of control ranges are determined in advance, and the user can arbitrarily select the control range. Yes.

  The present invention proposes a control method for a heat storage type electric floor heating device, which uses a night power that is cheaper than daytime electricity charges to melt the heat storage material sufficiently to store heat, and this heat storage in the daytime. Most of the generated heat energy is released, and the lack of heat energy is provided by “cooking”.

  In the temperature control according to the present invention, a range that exceeds the range of the normal temperature control by using “diff alliance: Def”, which is the difference between the “cooking start temperature” and the “cooking end temperature”. is doing.

  That is, the additional cooking start temperature is set to the heating set temperature or a temperature close thereto, and the additional cooking end temperature exceeds the melting temperature of the heat storage material, and the latent heat required for the heat storage material is sufficiently given. . However, this end temperature is set lower than a set temperature for melting all of the heat storage material by using nighttime power and obtaining thermal energy corresponding to latent heat.

  As for the control range, for example, the Def when the end temperature of the additional cooking on the high temperature side is 45 ° C. is plus / minus 1 ° C. And if the low temperature side additional cooking start temperature is set to 24 ° C., it is characterized in that control is performed so that a large temperature difference is given to the low temperature side in the range of minus 0 ° C. and plus 14 ° C. Due to the existence of this control range, Even after solidifying with the heat storage material during the heat dissipation period in the daytime, it can be remelted and the thermal energy that is insufficient for floor heating can be provided in a minimum range.

  As described above, it is possible to reduce the amount of the heat storage material not only at night but also during the daytime, and as a result, an electric floor heating panel having the same thickness and size as the floorboard material. Can be formed.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a regenerative electric floor heating apparatus according to the present invention, in which a floor base material 4 is supported by a foundation support material 2 and a support bolt 3 on a concrete floor 1 which is a foundation portion of a room 10. Then, a plywood 5 is laid on top of it, a dummy board 6 is laid around the room above it, and an electric floor heating panel 7 is attached to a predetermined portion surrounded by the dummy board 6 together with the dummy board 6. Arrange them so that they are flush. Next, the flooring construction is completed by covering the upper surfaces of the heating panel 7 and the dummy board 6 with a wooden flooring 8 and further covering the wall surface with a wall plate 9 attached.

  The thickness of the dummy board 6 is, for example, 12 mm or 18 mm. Therefore, the heating panel 7 also needs to have this thickness.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the structure is a heat insulating plate 15 (thickness: 2.3 mm, 3 mm, aluminum coated plywood) having a predetermined size such as 3 × 6 (2 × 6). Can be used) to fix the small joist 16 (thickness: 9 mm) at a predetermined position at the end or center of the base frame by any means, and form a base frame on the heat insulating plate 15. Heating element 17 (thickness: 1.2 mm ·· 200 V, 50 W, 1.5 mm ·· 200 V, 100 W) and thin heat storage material 18 (thickness: 6 to 7 mm, sodium sulfate 10 hydrate, supercooling inhibitor, A 0.9-1.0 kg bag made of a silica-based thickener and barium sulfate and having a width of 210 mm and a length of 820 mm is filled and disposed. Then, an aluminum plate 19 (thickness: 0.4 mm) is arranged on the upper surface of the heat storage material 18 and the edge thereof is fixed on the small joist 16, or the aluminum plate 19 is made of two small joists 16. The electric floor heating panel 7 is completed by fitting between them.

  There is also a panel 7 that is entirely covered with an aluminum-coated plywood as necessary. The thickness of the floor heating panel 7 is finished to 12 mm or 18 mm according to the floor board material.

The cord 21 is extended from the end of the sheet heating element 17, and the two electric wires constituting the cord 21 are provided with waterproof connectors (female and male), respectively, so that electric wiring can be performed with a simple operation. ing.
(Control method for regenerative floor heater)
FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are graphs showing an outline of temperature control continuous in a vertical dotted line X portion.

This graph uses a temperature-controlled room (length x width x height: 7 x 5 x 5 m) with a refrigerator owned by Misato Co., Ltd. The experiment example when energizing the sheet heating element and performing a heat storage operation, a heat radiation operation, and a chasing operation in a state where the temperature is maintained at about 8 ° C. is shown.
H: Temperature change of sheet heating element M: Temperature change of heat storage material F: Temperature change on floor surface R: Change in room temperature f: Temperature of floor surface without heating element T: Outside air temperature 8 ° C (setting)

  In FIG. 4, the horizontal axis indicates the time, and the time advances from the right side to the left side. The vertical axis indicates the temperature of each part of the symbol.

  (A) shown in the lower part of the figure is a heat storage heat period, which is a latent heat type heat storage material by energizing the planar heating element 17 from 23:30 to 7:00 the next morning using night electricity. The state of the temperature change of each part at the time of heating 18 and being in the molten state by the phase change is shown.

  (B) shows a state in which the heat storage energy held by the heat storage material 18 is dissipated for the daytime heating during the period. The heat is radiated smoothly from 7:00 to 10:00 in the morning, and “latent heat generation S” occurs after 10:00. In other words, the heat storage material 18 in the melted state gradually releases the heat energy (scoring heat) that is held by heat radiation, and the heat of the latent heat generation S is radiated from the latent heat generation portion S, so that the temperature of the heat storage material 18 rises. The hatched portion corresponds to the latent heat.

  (C) is the first “cooking” period, in which the heat release continues in the period (b) and the temperature of the heat storage material 18 is a predetermined lower limit temperature (cooking start temperature t 1: 24 ° C. or When the temperature reaches 25.degree. C., the sheet heating element 17 is heated by energization. When the upper limit predetermined temperature (additional cooking stop temperature t2: 35.degree. C.) is reached, the energization is stopped.

  The difference between the temperatures t2 and t1 is the differential temperature (Def) particularly adopted in the present invention, that is, the control range, and this control range is different from the range used in normal temperature control. Is.

  Specifically, when the upper limit temperature (additional cooking stop temperature) is set to “45 ° C.”, the control temperature range is a narrow temperature range of “45 ° C.” plus minus “1 ° C.”. When the lower limit temperature (starting cooking temperature) is “24 ° C.”, the temperature is set to a wide temperature range of “24 ° C.” minus “0 ° C.” and plus “14 ° C.”.

  For example, if the reheating start temperature is always set to “24 ° C.”, (set temperature−24 ° C.) becomes the differential temperature (Def). Def is determined for different set temperatures, and the ON temperature for energizing the heating element and the OFF temperature for de-energizing are shown in Table 1 below.

  In FIG. 5, latent heat generation in which heat is gently radiated after the first additional cooking period of (C) adopting the Def is finished, and the temperature of the heat storage material or the like slightly increases during the period of (D). You can see how is being done.

  And the period of (e) is the second additional cooking period, the temperature of the heat storage material 18 becomes the additional cooking start temperature t1 around 19:00, and reaches the additional cooking stop temperature t2 around 20:00 about 1 hour later. However, the period of (f) is a period for radiating heat storage energy by the second additional cooking. It can be understood that latent heat generation occurs during this period (f).

  As described above, by the additional cooking using Def, additional heating is performed by heating the thermal storage material 18 during the heating period with respect to the thermal storage material 18, and the thermal storage material 18 is melted, and latent heat generation is generated during heat dissipation. It can be seen that the heating effect is corrected.

It is a schematic sectional drawing of a thermal storage type electric heating apparatus. It is sectional drawing of the principal part of an electric floor heating panel. It is explanatory drawing of the electric floor heating panel which uses two planar heating elements in parallel. It is a graph of the thermal storage type electric floor heating control method using night electric power. It is a graph of the thermal storage type electric floor heating control method using the nighttime electric power continuous in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Concrete floor 2 Base support material 3 Support bolt 4 Floor base material 5 Discarded plywood 6 Dummy board 7 Electric floor heating panel 8 Wood floor material 9 Wall board material 10 Room 16 Kodaita 17 Planar heating element
18 Heat storage material 19 Aluminum plate

Claims (6)

A sheet heating element and a thin heat storage material are laminated on a thin plate made of a heat insulating material, and an electric floor heating panel is formed by providing a soaking plate made of a metal plate covering the upper surface thereof. In the floor heating apparatus, which is disposed on a basic floor board and has a floor board laid on the electric floor heating panel, the heat storage material is substantially entirely melted by energization heating to the planar heating element during the heat storage period, and continues. Due to heat dissipation during the heating period, most of the latent heat stored during the heat storage period is dissipated to change into a solidified state, and is heated to a temperature at which a part of it is melted by reheating due to short-term energization during the heating period. A regenerative electric floor heating device, characterized in that it is configured in a limited amount to reheat.   The heat storage type according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the electric floor heating panel including the heat storage material corresponds to the prescribed thickness of the floor material or the thickness of a dummy board used together with the floor material. Electric floor heater.   A sheet heating element and a thin heat storage material are laminated on a thin plate made of heat insulating material, and an electric floor heating panel is formed by covering the upper surface with a heat equalizing plate made of a metal plate. In the electric floor heating apparatus, which is disposed on the foundation floor board of the apparatus and further laid on the electric floor heating panel, the heat storage material is substantially melted by energization heating to the planar heating element during the heat storage period. In the heating period that is not energized, the latent heat stored in the heat storage period is dissipated in the most part, and the phase changes to a solidified state. The reheating heat is composed of a limited amount, the reheating start temperature is not more than the solidification temperature, and the stop temperature is not less than the melting temperature and not more than the upper limit temperature of the heat storage period. Temperature control method for regenerative electric floor heating device comprising and.   The temperature control method for a regenerative electric floor heating device according to claim 3, wherein a control range including the additional cooking start temperature and a stop temperature is formed, and a plurality of control ranges are set.   The temperature of the regenerative electric floor heating device according to claim 3, wherein a control range consisting of the additional cooking start temperature and a stop temperature is formed, and the additional cooking start temperature is set to around 24 ° C. Control method. A control range including the additional cooking start temperature and a stop temperature is formed, and a plurality of the control ranges are determined in advance, and the user can arbitrarily select the control range. Item 4. A temperature control method for a heat storage type electric floor heating apparatus according to Item 3.

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