JP2006131029A - Ventilating arrangement for aircraft - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide ventilating arrangement for an aircraft which simplifies an exhaust flow passage connecting an inside of a pressurized cabin and an outside of the aircraft, can reduce the weight and the cost, and can make the system having high reliability. <P>SOLUTION: In the ventilating arrangement, a venturi tube 3 for controlling the flow rate in utilizing the differential pressure from the outside S of the aircraft, and a fan 5 for exhausting the air to the outside of the aircraft on the ground and at the low attitude are serially disposed in the exhaust flow passage 1A connecting the inside X of the pressurized cabin and the outside S of the aircraft. The volume flow rate of the exhausted air is limited at a constant by the venturi tube 3 regardless of size of the differential pressure in the above, by serially disposing the venturi 3 and the fan 5 in the exhaust flow passage 1A. The air in the inside X of the pressurized cabin can be exhausted to the outside S of the aircraft without having an effect on the pressure in the inside X of the pressurized cabin even in a state either on the ground or during flight by operating the fan at the low attitude and on the ground and securing required amount of ventilation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an aircraft ventilator, and more particularly, to an aircraft ventilator that simplifies an exhaust passage that connects a pressurized chamber in an aircraft and the outside of the aircraft, thereby enabling weight reduction and cost reduction. is there.

  In general, an aircraft on the ground and in flight is equipped with an air conditioner in order to perform air conditioning that allows comfortable living in a pressurized room such as a cockpit or cabin (guest room) (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).

  Further, for example, an aircraft ventilation device as shown in FIG. 3 is known as a device for discharging the pressurized indoor air to the outside of the aircraft in order to efficiently ventilate the pressurized chamber.

This aircraft ventilator has a branch flow path 1a in which a venturi pipe 3 is provided via a three-way valve 2 in an exhaust flow path 1 connecting the pressurized chamber X and the outside S of the aircraft, a shunt of valve 4 and a fan 5. The provided branch channel 1b is provided, and an altitude pressure switch 7 is provided on the outer wall 6 of the machine body.
In an aircraft equipped with such a device, on the ground, the three-way valve 2 opens to the branch flow path 1b side provided with the shut-of-valve 4 and the fan 5, and the fan 5 rotates to drive the air Q in the pressurized chamber X. Is discharged outside the aircraft S.

  When the altitude pressure switch 7 detects that the aircraft has reached a certain altitude during the flight, the three-way valve 2 opens to the branch flow path 1a side where the venturi pipe 3 is provided, and the pressurized chamber through the venturi pipe 3 is opened. While switching to the discharge using the pressure difference between the air Q of the X and the outside S of the aircraft, the rotation drive of the fan 5 is stopped. In the discharge through the venturi tube 3, the volume flow rate is limited to a constant value if the pressure difference between the pressurized chamber X and the outside S of the aircraft is greater than or equal to a certain value due to the characteristics of the venturi tube 3. Will not be adversely affected.

  In addition, when the three-way valve 2 or the altitude pressure switch 7 fails and the three-way valve 2 does not switch over the air, the air Q is discharged without restriction through the branch passage 1b provided with the fan 5, and the pressure in the pressurized chamber X is increased. In order to prevent an abnormal drop, a shunt of valve 4 is provided in the branch flow path 1b provided with the fan 5.

However, such a conventional apparatus has the following problems.
(a) Two exhaust systems, that is, a branch flow path 1a provided with a venturi pipe 3 and a branch flow path 1b provided with a fan 5, must be provided, and a switching three-way valve 2 and a shut-off valve are accordingly provided. Since the obvalve 4 and the altitude pressure switch 7 are required, a large space is required for installation.
(b). In aircraft, it is a proposition that light weight and improved reliability are necessary. Instead of such a complicated and heavy system, a simple, lightweight and highly reliable system is desired.
JP 2000-103399 A

  The present invention pays attention to such a conventional problem, simplifies the exhaust flow path connecting the pressurized chamber and the outside of the aircraft, enables weight reduction and cost reduction, and can be a highly reliable system. An object of the present invention is to provide an aircraft ventilation device.

  In order to achieve the above object, an aircraft ventilation apparatus according to the present invention includes a venturi pipe for controlling a flow rate when using a differential pressure from outside the aircraft, in an exhaust passage connecting the pressurized chamber and the outside of the aircraft, The gist is that a fan for discharging air to the outside of the aircraft at the ground and at a low altitude is arranged in series.

  Here, it is also possible to connect the exhaust passage to a toilet unit or a cooking place unit in a pressurized chamber.

  By configuring in this way, the volume flow rate of the discharged air is restricted to a certain level by the venturi pipe regardless of the magnitude of the differential pressure in the sky, and the necessary ventilation volume is secured by operating the fan in the low sky and on the ground. Thus, it is possible to discharge the air in the pressurized chamber to the outside without affecting the pressure in the pressurized chamber in any state on the ground or in flight.

  Further, the exhaust flow path connecting the pressurized chamber and the outside of the aircraft can be simplified, the weight can be reduced, the cost can be reduced, and a highly reliable system can be obtained.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following excellent effects can be obtained. (A). By arranging the venturi pipe and the fan in series in the exhaust flow path connecting the pressurized chamber and the outside of the aircraft, the exhaust flow path, which has been two systems in the past, can be made into one system. The overall weight can be reduced.
(B). By switching the exhaust flow path from two systems to one system, a three-way valve is not required, and weight reduction and cost reduction are possible.
(C). Since the venturi tube and the fan are not independent systems, an emergency shut-off valve, which was necessary in the past, is no longer necessary, reducing the weight and cost, and improving the reliability of the entire system. I can do it.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the same components as those in the conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of an aircraft ventilator according to the present invention. This ventilator is connected to an exhaust passage 1A that connects a pressurized chamber X of an aircraft and an outside S of an aircraft with an outside of the aircraft. A venturi tube 3 for controlling the flow rate when using the differential pressure from S and a fan 5 for discharging air outside the aircraft at the ground and at a low altitude are arranged in series.

  In this way, by arranging the venturi pipe 3 and the fan 5 in series in the exhaust flow path 1A, the venturi pipe 3 restricts the volume flow rate of the air to be discharged regardless of the magnitude of the differential pressure in the sky. In the low sky and on the ground, by operating the fan 5 to ensure the necessary ventilation, the air in the pressurized chamber X does not affect the pressure in the pressurized chamber X in any state on the ground or in flight. Can be discharged to the outside S.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the ventilator according to the present invention. In the second embodiment, water for connecting the exhaust passage 1A to the toilet unit 8 provided in the pressurized chamber X is shown. Separation device 9 and outside aircraft S are connected, venturi pipe 3 for controlling the flow rate when using differential pressure from outside aircraft S to exhaust passage 1A, and for discharging air outside the aircraft at the ground and at low altitudes. The fan 5 is arranged in series.

  In the case of this embodiment, the air in the lavatory is sucked from the toilet part of the toilet unit 8 installed in the lavatory of the aircraft, and exhausted to the outside of the aircraft S through the ventilator together with the odor in the toilet unit 8. . Further, a water separation device 9 is attached downstream of the toilet unit 8, and when the air containing liquid is sucked out from the toilet unit 8 due to shaking or vibration of the airframe, the liquid is removed and the outside S is discharged. Prevent icing in the area.

  On the ground, the fan 5 is operated by a WOW (Weight-On-Wheel) signal received from the airframe to obtain a negative pressure necessary for exhaust. During flight, exhaust is performed by a differential pressure generated between the pressurized chamber X and the outside S of the aircraft. In this case, the volume flow rate of the discharged air Q is constant regardless of the magnitude of the differential pressure due to the characteristics of the venturi tube 3. The ON / OFF of the fan 5 can be controlled by an altitude pressure switch 7 similar to the conventional one, instead of the WOW (Weight-On-Wheel) signal.

  In addition, although this embodiment demonstrated the case where the water separation apparatus 9 which connects the exhaust flow path 1A to the toilet unit 8 provided in the pressurized chamber X, and the aircraft outside S were connected, it is not limited to this but pressurized It is also possible to connect to an exhaust port of a cooking place or the like provided in the room X.

  As described above, by arranging the venturi pipe 3 and the fan 5 in series in the exhaust passage 1A, the volume flow rate of the air discharged by the venturi pipe 3 is limited to a constant value in the sky regardless of the magnitude of the differential pressure. In the low air and on the ground, the necessary ventilation is ensured by operating the fan 5 so that the pressure in the pressurized chamber X is not affected in any state on the ground or in flight without affecting the pressure in the pressurized chamber X. It is possible to discharge air to the outside of the aircraft S, simplify the exhaust passage 1A connecting the pressurized chamber X and the outside S of the aircraft, and reduce the weight and cost, and have a high reliability. It can be said that.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a first embodiment of an aircraft ventilation device of the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows 2nd Embodiment of the ventilation apparatus of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the conventional ventilation apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

X Pressurized chamber S Outside the aircraft 1,1A Exhaust flow path 1a, 1b Branch flow path 2 Three-way valve 3 Venturi pipe 4 Shut-off valve 5 Fan 6 Airframe outer wall 7 Altitude pressure switch Q Air 8 Toilet unit 9 Water separation device

Claims (2)

In an aircraft ventilator that uses a differential pressure between a pressurized chamber and an aircraft external pressure in an aircraft to discharge air from the pressurized chamber to the outside of the aircraft,
A venturi for controlling the flow rate when using differential pressure from outside the aircraft and a fan for discharging air outside the aircraft at the ground and low altitude are connected in series to the exhaust flow path connecting the pressurized chamber and the outside of the aircraft. An aircraft ventilator, characterized in that it is disposed in The aircraft ventilator according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust passage is connected to a toilet unit or a kitchen unit in a pressurized chamber.

Images